KR101996720B1

KR101996720B1 - Smoke-free, Fire-resistant Sliding Tube Structure for Emergency Escape in High-rise Buildings

Info

Publication number: KR101996720B1
Application number: KR1020170061635A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 김기대
Original assignee: 김기대
Priority date: 2017-05-18
Filing date: 2017-05-18
Publication date: 2019-07-04
Also published as: WO2018212469A1; KR20180126790A

Abstract

The present invention is intended to solve the problem that a resident of a building can not escape in the event of a large fire in a high-rise building, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a duct structure To an emergency escape apparatus capable of escaping from a fire scene and evacuating to the ground quickly and safely.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant sliding door,

The present invention relates to an emergency escape apparatus for manpower relief that enables a resident of a building to safely evacuate to a safe ground in the event of a major fire in a high-rise building.

As the urbanization progresses, the building tends to be vertically enlarged and vertically enlarged as the building becomes three-dimensional. In the case of a vertical fire where a fire occurs in a large-scale building, unlike the horizontal fire on the ground, the fire flames upward. People who lived in the upper floors of the place would have been in isolated and dangerous situations without a way to evacuate.

In the case of vertical fires in high-rise buildings, temporary measures were taken because there was virtually no technology available to relieve people at risk from isolated high-altitudes. Every 30 floors of a skyscraper is designated as a 'safe zone for evacuation' so that residents of the building can avoid the crisis, but it is only a provisional evacuation measure, and in some cases, There is a way to get out of the fire by a helicopter after escaping to the rooftop after the fire, but it is not a solution because there is a lot of fear that the helicopter will collide with the building because of the turbulence around the building and the large smoke. Emergency escape using an elevator in the event of a fire can also be temporarily used in the early days of a fire, but if a power outage or a breakdown occurs, it is likely to lead to a major disaster, which is not a complete solution. Moreover, there is no fire escape ladder that can reach the high level of more than 25 floors in Korea, so there is virtually no way to safely escape the people living in the building. Therefore, it is very urgent and urgent to evacuate people living in buildings quickly and safely when an emergency such as a fire in a skyscraper or the like occurs.

In the past, the emergency escape system using the slider system in the fire has been limited in the case of an airplane firing from the ground, and the slip used as a playground facility has been used as a facility to evacuate in the early stage of a fire in the low floor, It was a limited use to evacuate early, and it was virtually impossible to use it if the flames spread.

There is a US design patent (Patent No. USD 779,134 S1) as a method of evacuation using a slipper in case of fire, but it is patent for slider design that descends by 'S' spiral method. It is far from the emergency escape method in the case of the whole spread.

Therefore, it has been required to develop a device for relieving people living in a building in an emergency such as a fire in a high-rise building or a high-rise building.

The present invention relates to a safety evacuation passage device capable of quickly and easily evacuating a resident of a high-rise building in a high-rise building in a state of being safely protected from flames, smoke and toxic gas from a fire site will be.

The safety evacuation passage device of a high-rise building according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed in a tube structure that is protected from refractory and heat-insulating materials, which is connected from the uppermost layer of a high-rise building to a safe ground along the height direction of the high- The conduit, which has a cylindrical or box-shaped cross section, has an airtight function to shut off the outside smoke in the event of a fire, except for the starting portion and the end surface of the conduit itself, The slope of the slope makes it easier for people to gravitate to the gravitational force of the earth and to create an emergency escape passage structure that allows them to escape from the fire scene safely and quickly. do.

This conduit structure protects the large pizzas from outside flames by a structure that is covered with refractory and heat-radiating material, which is formed of one or more heat-resistant fireproof structures to withstand intense flames.

The tube structure, which is protected by fireproof material installed on the building, adopts a straight line structure to enable a rapid escape. Basically, it is installed in a zigzag shape structured in a staggered direction from the starting point of the highest floor It maximizes the space utilization and aesthetic elements of the building while at the same time decelerating the huge acceleration that the big pizza slips down to the middle. The pizzeria slides down to reduce the tremendous acceleration experienced during the descent in the middle And a separate deceleration structure having a structure protruding horizontally and slightly upwardly in a 'V-shape' is formed.

The flame and refractory tube structure can be equipped with a 'hatch structure' which is used for entry and exit purposes. In order to maximize the space utilization of the high-rise building, two or more fire- It may be formed in an economic structure.

In the event of a fire in a high-rise building, residents of high-rise buildings are protected from the risk of fire or smoke in the field of fire even in the event of power failure, elevator breakdown or helicopter failure, .

1 is a 3D perspective view showing a cylindrical shape and a box shape of a ducting device of a flame retardant and fireproof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a ducting device of a flame-retardant and fire-resistant structure according to an embodiment of the present invention installed in a zigzag form on the outer wall of a high-rise building.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rapid descent type design in which a flameproof / refractory pipe apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is downwardly straightened by three layers at a time.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a space saving design mode in which a fireproof and fireproof conduit device according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed through a building.
FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a horizontal protruding structure that performs a deceleration function in a flameproof / refractory duct according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing a 'V' -shaped direction switching structure for obtaining a strong deceleration effect in a flameproof / refractory ducting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a 3D perspective view schematically showing a structure in which two conduits are joined together in a process of installing a flameproof / refractory pipe device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a material configuration of a flameproof / refractory structural conduit apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a cooling water ejecting apparatus provided on a heat dissipating membrane material of a flameproof / refractory ducting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a 3D perspective view showing a structure in which a hatch for entering and exiting the fire-fighting / refractory duct according to the embodiment of the present invention is mounted.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms as used herein include plural forms as long as the phrases do not expressly express the opposite meaning thereto. Means that a particular feature, region, integer, step, operation, element and / or component is specified, and that other specific features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / And the like.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Commonly used predefined terms are further interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant technical literature and the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined otherwise.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

FIG. 1 is a 3D perspective view schematically showing a cylindrical shape and a box shape of a tube and a 100 fire extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. The cylindrical and box-shaped conduits 100 can be variously modified in accordance with the intent of the installer, and the outer shape of the structure can be further varied.

In the figure, A is the shape of a cylindrical conduit and B is a rectangular box-shaped conduit. The conduit 100 has a straight structure. When the slope is inclined in a horizontal plane, the conduit 100 functions as a slope while sloping. The conduit 100 smoothly moves Lt; / RTI > By increasing the slope angle of the slope, it is possible to move very quickly, so that the conduit 100 itself becomes a very efficient non-powered vehicle.

When the protective film covered with the refractory / heat insulating material is formed on the outside of the tube type passage structure, the conduit 100 functions as a refractory / heat dissipating passage. The conduit 100 itself has the outside It has a structure in which it is shut off from the air and is sealed, thereby serving as a passageway for naturally flameproofing function. The two functions naturally combine to make the conduit 100 an escape path for refueling, heat dissipation, and air pollution.

The fire-proof and fire-resistant conduit 100 of the box-like structure A has a shape similar to the cylindrical slides of the children of the outer shape, and the rectangular box- It looks like a track. These fire-fighting and fire-fighting conduits (100) allow people to escape in high-rise buildings to quickly escape from the fire scene, as do the bobsleighers.

In the following description, for the sake of convenience, the flameproof / refractory conduit 100 will be described as a representative example of the cylindrical conduit structure. In order to mark the characteristics of the conduit 100 as a core device of the present invention, some terms of flame, heat, fire, But they are all of the same conduit (100) structure.

This conduit (100) device is protected by a refractory / heat dissipating member as shown in FIG. 8, so that residents in the building can safely evacuate because it can be held firmly without being destroyed by a large-scale fire. The diameter of the conduit (100) Even if the space size does not exceed 1 meter in diameter so that one person can enter more, the evacuees will be able to enter the space continuously, so that it is possible to evacuate a great number of evacuees in a short time, have.

FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a fire-proofing / refractory conduit 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on an outer wall of a high-rise building 10 in a zigzag shape. The fire-fighting and fire-resistant conduit 100 is connected to the lowest floor 10a of the building from the uppermost floor 10z of the building. The conduit 100 reinforced by the fire-fighting and fire- And can be installed in various spaces such as a building interior space such as a stair wall in a building.

In order to quickly evacuate in the event of fire, the fire-resistant and fire-resistant conduit (100) basically adopts a straight descending structure. In order to accelerate the rapid acceleration occurring in the falling piles, A zigzag structure in which the direction of descending is sequentially inverted at regular intervals. In some cases, when the specificity of the building structure is high or when the number of building floors is not high, it may be designed differently, such as a circular or spiral structure.

In addition, according to the conditions of the building, the structure and position of the building, and the evacuation personnel expected in an emergency, the length of the conduit 100 is assigned to one straight conduit 100, May be designed to be considerably long so as to descend in a straight line at a time. In addition, the conduit pipe 100 may be designed to have a steep slope angle so that the conduit pipe 100 can be rapidly lowered, or vice versa. In addition, it is possible to design various shapes such as a creative design in which a slope of the conduit 100 is formed on one wall and then descends and is bent to another neighboring wall.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a rapid descent type design mode in which one conduit 100 constituting a flameproof / refractory conduit 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention linearly descends three layers in length. This design style may also enhance the rapid descent structure by making the angle of the conduit slope more steep.

At this time, a horizontally protruding structure 100a having a tilt angle of '0' is disposed along with a direction switching structure to decelerate the rapid acceleration occurring in the emergency escape pitters. In this protruding portion, the acceleration is reduced by the frictional force, and the deceleration function is doubled in the reciprocating structure in which the direction changes.

The rapid descent type slope structure shown in FIG. 3 is a design method that is used in a skyscraper. It is also possible to design a quick dive structure that linearly descends 5 to 10 layers at a time depending on the adjustment of the building, conditions, and slope angle.

FIG. 4 shows a space-saving design form in which the fire-resistant fire-resistant conduit 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed through walls on the inside and outside of a building. This is a design type that shows that the fire-resistant and fireproof conduit 100 does not have to be installed only on the outer wall of the building. In the drawing, a conduit 100 indicated by a solid line is exposed to the outside of a building, and a conduit 100 indicated by a dashed line has a structure installed inside a building. In addition, it is possible to pass through not only the wall but also the bottom of the stairs, so that it is possible to utilize the space effectively when installing the stairway space or the inner wall inside.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a horizontal protruding structure that performs a deceleration function to reduce the rapidly increasing acceleration, which occurs in the slope structure of the conduit 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, a straight descending structure using gravity is employed for quick and easy evacuation in case of an emergency. However, there is a problem that the acceleration rapidly increases with the descent. Therefore, in order to cope with such a problem, a zig- But a partial solution is provided. Therefore, in order to obtain an additional deceleration effect, a protruding structure 100a of a horizontal plane structure having a deceleration function is formed at a portion where the direction changes in the zigzag structure.

In particular, when the rapid descent method is adopted as in the designing form of FIG. 3, the acceleration of the bobsleigh game can be increased to such an extent that the greater the number of the large pisces using the fire-resistant and refractory conduit 100, Therefore, in order to reduce the acceleration at constant intervals, the directional switching structure protruding horizontally is introduced at the portion where the direction of the linear conduit 100 of the zigzag structure is switched, so that the acceleration is firstly reduced by the frictional force at the portion of the conduit protruding in the planar direction Subsequently, the direction is switched 180 degrees, and the deceleration effect is obtained, so that the deceleration is rapidly performed. As the length of the protruding structure 100a in the horizontal direction becomes longer, the frictional force is increased and the deceleration effect is generated. Due to the reciprocating structure according to the direction change, the deceleration effect becomes twice as large. Design can be done.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a horizontal protruding structure 100a for deceleration in a direction changing portion in a vertical direction in order to further strengthen a deceleration function for reducing an acceleration occurring in a slope structure of a conduit 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. (&Apos; ' angle ' in the drawing). The pegs descending along the slope of the conduit 100 in the direction A in the drawing are moved from the position B to the position B at the same time and the position of the pegs rises at the same time to completely reduce the acceleration due to the reaction of gravity to the weight of the evacuees, And a deceleration function 100a1 for decelerating and decelerating the rapid decelerating application in which the position of the large pizza is shifted in the vertical direction The designers will be able to select and use them appropriately in the field application.

FIG. 7 is a stereoscopic 3D perspective view schematically showing a structure in which two conduits join together in the process of installing a fire-resistant and fireproof conduit 100 device according to an embodiment of the present invention. A conduit 100 and B conduit 100 in the drawing join together at point C and are formed as one conduit 100 and descend.

In a building condition where a large number of evacuation personnel resides in a relatively large space, there is no need to install a plurality of conduits, which is an economical design structure that can save space and cost.

8 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal constituent material of a shell portion surrounding a flameproof / refractory duct 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the structure of the refractory / heat conduction pipe (100) can withstand a strong flame as shown in FIG. 2, The outer surface of the cylindrical tunnel structure, which functions as an envelope of the fire-proof and refractory conduit 100, is formed of a ceramic material structure or a fireproof material A brick or a tile or a thin film structure made of yellow soil. Such a structure functions as a sheath that protects the inside of the conduit from the flame by forming the first heat-releasing layer 124. In order to withstand a strong flame generated in a fire, a sprinkler device as shown in FIG. 9 may be installed. The sprinkler is constituted by a second cooling water supply pipe 122 and a second cooling water hole 122a spirally winding the conduit first heat releasing layer 124. In this case, it is possible to protect the conduit 100 for a long time, .

A second heat dissipation layer 126 and a third heat dissipation layer 128 are provided under the first heat dissipation layer 124 to function to superimpose high temperature heat generated from the flame. The second heat-dissipating layer 126 and the third heat-dissipating layer 128 may be made of a material such as an aluminum thin film or a super-heat-resistant fiber such as glass fiber or silica fiber. The silica fiber can withstand a high temperature of 1,600 degrees Celsius It has very high fire resistance.

A space in which the air layer 140 is provided between the set of the conduit endothelial device set 110 and the conduit enclosure set 120 may be provided so that the hot heat outside the fire and heat conduction duct 100 can not be transmitted to the inside of the conduit 100 It is possible.

These fire and heat shields can be reinforced double or triple, and some structures may be omitted if necessary, taking into account the building structure and the expected fire size. In addition, the order of the heat-radiating layer structure on the drawing is not fixed but only one example, and it can be changed and changed at any time with the development of fire-fighting technology and refractory material.

The first end effector member 112 at the innermost side of the flameproof and refractory conduit 100 and the second endermost member 116 at the outermost end of the conduit endothelial device set 110 are made of an iron plate Plastic, ceramics, etc. The building designers can choose the number of buildings, the expected fire size in case of fire, and the number of people to evacuate, and the steel plate can be practically adopted considering the robustness.

The conduit envelope device set 120 strongly blocks external fires and heat, but if the fire is severe, a portion of the heat can be delivered to the interior of the conduit 100, A separate sprinkler device may be provided to allow safe sliding of the fire scene without wearing it. The sprinkler device directed toward the inside of the conduit 100 is formed of a first cooling water supply pipe 114 through which cooling water flows and a first cooling water hole 114a through which cooling water is blown. Since the first cooling water supply pipe 114 is used for cooling the inside of the tunnel, it is not necessary to inject a large amount of cooling water, so that it is possible to have a simple structure and a structure in which cooling water is injected through the first endo- Or may be installed at the upper end of the first inner member 112 of the conduit 100 and injected directly into the conduit 100 from the cooling water supply pipe.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the appearance of a sprinkler installed on a conduit jacket device set 120 of a refractory / refractory conduit 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The second cooling water supply pipe 122, which is spirally wound on the first heat-releasing layer 124, which is exposed to the strong flames and functions as an outer wall and functions mainly as a ceramic / Water flows through the hole 122a to prevent or delay the conduit sheath device set 120 from breaking down. The second cooling water supply pipe 122 for sprinkler use can be made of a material such as iron plate or other alloy which is resistant to fire and high temperature and the second cooling water hole 122a is opened at regular intervals. Is sprayed evenly around the first heat-releasing layer 124 to prevent the conduit casing device 120 from being destroyed by the flame. This water may be accompanied by fire extinguishing liquid. The sensors are installed inside and outside the tunnel to automatically activate the sprinkler when a fire is detected.

10 is a three-dimensional perspective view showing a structure in which a projecting structure 100a according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a hatch for entry and exit. The hatch 300 may be provided at the entrance to enter the emergency evacuation / heat conduction pipe 100 directly from the desired floor, if necessary, And functions to allow the descending persons to come out of the fire-fighting and refractory conduit (100).

The hatch 300 must be protected by a fire-proof and heat-dissipating structure similar to the fire-proof and heat-conducting conduit 100. However, considering the characteristics of repeated opening and closing operations, a fireproof and heat- .

The hatch 300 must be automatically closed so that it can be intercepted from external smoke at any time, and a handle 310 is attached for opening and closing. It is possible to install various types of structures such as a sliding door structure and a sliding door structure. It is preferable to install it in the middle and upper part of the circular pipe so that the installation position is not disturbed to the slipping people. It is possible to design, but it is recommended to use it for the most limited use. In the event of a long, fierce fire, the hatch 300 is likely to be the first to be destroyed, so limited use may be desirable to reduce the likelihood of potential damage from smoke and toxic gases.

10; High-rise building 10a; The lowest building
10z; Building top floor 12; surface
100; conduit
100a; Protruding structure
100a1; Deformed protrusion structure
110; A conduit endotracheal device set 112; The first endo-
114; A first cooling water supply pipe 114a; The first cooling water hole
116; A second end cap member 120; Conduit sheath device set
122; A second cooling water supply pipe 122a; The second cooling water hole
124; A first heat-dissipating layer 126; The second heat-
128; A third heat-dissipating layer 130; Support
140; Air layer 200; Zigzag-type conduit structure
300; Hatch 310; handle

Claims

In an emergency escape conduit device installed in a building,
A conduit (100) provided in a staggered configuration over at least one layer of the building, the conduit having a linear shape in which the evacuator can descend through the interior of the conduit,
A projecting structure (100a) connecting the conduit (100) and having a decelerating portion capable of decelerating the descending speed of the large pizza at a portion where the direction of the zigzag shape is switched,
A hatch (300) enabling entry into and exit of said escape conduit device, and
And a heat dissipating member for protecting the emergency escape conduit device,
The inner member 112 includes a first cooling water supply pipe 114 and a first cooling water hole 114 for supplying cooling water from the first cooling water supply pipe 114 toward the inside of the conduit 100 114a). &Lt; / RTI >

In an emergency escape conduit device installed in a building,
A conduit (100) provided in a staggered configuration over at least one layer of the building, the conduit having a linear shape in which the evacuator can descend through the interior of the conduit,
A projecting structure (100a) connecting the conduit (100) and having a decelerating portion capable of decelerating the descending speed of the large pizza at a portion where the direction of the zigzag shape is switched,
A hatch (300) enabling entry into and exit of said escape conduit device, and
And a heat dissipating member for protecting the emergency escape conduit device,
The heat dissipation member includes at least one heat dissipation layer (124, 126, 128), and includes a second cooling water supply pipe (122) outside the heat dissipation member,
And the second cooling water supply pipe (122) includes a second cooling water hole (122a) for supplying cooling water toward the outside of the conduit (100).

delete

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the conduit (100) is formed in one wall of the building and descends and bends to another neighboring wall.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the emergency escape conduit arrangement comprises a conduit configuration configured to be curved.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The protruding structure (100a) includes a portion that is raised upward.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the emergency escape conduit arrangement comprises a structure in which a plurality of conduits (100) join to form a single conduit (100).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the emergency escape conduit device comprises a structure penetrating the interior of the building.