KR101933958B1 - Coastal complex organism habitats, and bioremediation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coastal multi-organism habitat, and more particularly, to a multi-organism habitat that is formed on the coast to create an aesthetic and ecological effect, and a method for restoring the same.

Description

{COASTAL COMPLEX ORGANISM HABITATS, AND BIOREMEDIATION METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a coastal multi-organism habitat, and more particularly, to a multi-organism habitat that is formed on the coast to create an aesthetic and ecological effect, and a method for restoring the same.

In the western and southern coasts of Korea, coastal development and coastal development of decades of intensive and intensive marine life spoilage, loss of ecological functions that play a role of sexual organs, and aesthetic functions have become difficult to perform. Much of the shoreline has been artificially disappeared due to landfills for artificial islands, landfills, and farmland or housing sites, and the tidal flats have been lost as a result of many development projects.

However, the importance of coastal biodiversity and recreational values is widely recognized. In other words, it is discussed about the necessity of habitat substitution to replace coastal area and tidal zone due to development project if it is inevitable.

Due to the environmental characteristics of the coast where the sea meets the land, it is repeatedly exposed and submerged in the sea twice a day according to the movement of the tide. Therefore, living organisms in the coastal and tidal flats should adapt to changing environments, such as changes in temperature that occur periodically on a daily basis, the presence or absence of seawater, and the state of nutrients carried by seawater. They also have to withstand mechanical forces, such as waves, that keep them from habitat. That is, it is required to alleviate harsh environmental conditions in living things such as being submerged in seawater during high tide and exposed to air during low tide, and to create a habitat environment in which various species can be habituated.

In addition, not only ecological functions as described above but also habitat composition capable of performing functions for creating an aesthetic environment around them are required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art,

It is an object of the present invention to provide a coastal complex habitat including an artificially formed tidal pool to alleviate sudden tide differences and provide an environment favorable to the growth of various species.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a biological restoration method using the coastal multi-complex habitat.

According to the present invention,

A halophyte zone in the direction of the tidal zone from the tidal zone to the tidal zone with a step difference; Natural bedrock zone; Pine zone; And a seaweed zone are sequentially included in the area.

In addition,

And a tidal pool in the pine zone. The present invention provides a coastal complex biomass habitat.

In addition,

And a method for restoring a biological organism by the coastal multi-organism habitat.

The halophyte zone of the present invention; Natural bedrock zone; Pine zone; And coastal composite habitats including seaweed zones can provide biostratigraphic effects, harbor remodeling effects along with aesthetic effects, biodiversity and biomass increasing effects.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a view of the coastal multi-organism habitat of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view of an artificial tidal pool included in the coastal multi-complex habitat of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a chart comparing the numbers of seaweeds emerging before and after establishment of a coastal multi-organism habitat.
Fig. 4 is a chart comparing the number of adventitious species emerged before and after the establishment of the coastal multi-organism habitat.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

According to the present invention,

A halophyte zone in the direction of the tidal zone from the tidal zone to the tidal zone with a step difference; Natural bedrock zone; Pine zone; And a seaweed zone are sequentially included in the area.

The halophyte area plays a role in the transition of the disconnected land ecosystem and marine ecosystem, and at the same time it connects the rings of the sea food chain to the ocean. The natural rock zone functions to facilitate attachment of adherent organisms and various seaweeds. The pine area serves to help the adherent organisms to grow by using the fibers of the pine grove. The above-mentioned seaweed region is an area continuously influencing the external waves, and induces the seaweed to grow, thereby attenuating the external waves and providing a space for the growth of marine organisms such as fry and attached organisms.

Each area included in the coastal multi-organism habitat of the present invention will be described in more detail.

In the halophyte zone, halophyte seeds may be sown on the upper part of the intertidal zone to induce vegetation, or halophytes may be transplanted to induce growth. At this time, the culture soil for sowing the seeds and transplanting the halophytes is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to further include a soil conditioner in the mixture containing sand, masato, rice husks, etc. to protect the halophyte from damage by waves, . The soil amendment agent may be one containing organic fertilizer including organic matter, phosphoric acid, calcium, etc. and zeolite.

In other words, the halophyte area plays an important role as a link between the disconnected land and marine systems by supplying the seaweed food chain to the ocean as well as by planting the halophytes in artificial structures. It can also lead to the accumulation of seeds flowing into the ocean.

The species of the abovementioned alpine plant is not particularly limited, but the species of the algae may be selected from the group consisting of reeds, nodulus grasses, vertebrates, mongolian mats, silkworms, sunflower molluscs, It is preferably at least one species selected from the group consisting of a red ginseng root, a ginseng root, a rhinoceros spp., A rhinoceros spp., A rhododendron, a rhododendron, a rhododendron, a rhododendron, a rhododendron and a rhododendron.

The natural bedrock zone facilitates the attachment of various adherents and seaweeds, and plays a role in enhancing the diversity of species to be bioavailable based on various types of bases. The natural rock zone is a zone in which adhered creatures and seaweeds can coalesce, and is also advantageous in terms of landscape.

The rock in the natural rock zone has a specific gravity of 2.6 or more, a water absorption rate of less than 5.0%, a compressive strength of 100.0 N / mm ² or more, and a size of 50 to 100 cm x 50 to 100 cm x 50 to 100 cm (width x length x height) . When the above conditional range is satisfied, it is advantageous for the production of various seaweeds.

The pine zone is an area where pine tree branches are fixed to each other by cutting and bundling the pine branches into a certain length, The pine region is located in the intertidal zone exposed above the sea surface during low tide and submerged below sea level during high tide, and includes vertical and horizontal oriented pines. In addition, the pine region may further include an artificial tidal pool inside the opposite side of the ocean.

As described above, if the pine region includes vertically and horizontally oriented pines, the vertically oriented pine tree attenuates the external waves and induces stable coalescence of adherent organisms and seaweeds inside the opposite side of the ocean. It is also preferred that the horizontally oriented pine trees are advantageously included in the space between pine trees to advantage in inducing adherent organisms and seaweeds. Especially, due to the arrangement of the horizontal oriented pine trees located behind the vertically oriented pine trees, the tide ponds enable the stable subscription induction of various marine organisms such as goats, crabs such as crabs and seaweeds, which are not distributed due to the water stress of the ocean, The inclusion of more tidal pools also plays an important role in protecting the tidal pool itself as well as in biosurfacturing induced growth in the tidal pool.

The pine has a chemical composition of 49 to 58% of cellulose, 36 to 44% of? -Cellulose, 10 to 12% of pentanoic acid, 2 to 8% of mannitol and the like. As described above, due to the high specific gravity of the cellulose, it is advantageous to tolerate the sea breeze due to its high strength characteristics and strong resistance to seawater.

When the artificial tide pool is included in the pine area, the pine tree adjacent to the artificial tidal pools catches the outside blue, and diversifies the habitat quality of the attached organisms, thereby functioning to form a healthy marine habitat spatial system.

The size and shape of the artificial tidal pool included in the pine region are not particularly limited and the sea conditions such as wave, tide level and tidal current, and geographical conditions are taken into consideration So that it can be formed in an appropriate size and shape. The tidal pool may be, for example, rectangular, circular, or the like, but is not limited thereto. As an example, it may be 5 to 30 m in width, 5 to 10 m in length, and 0.1 to 5 m in height in the case of a rectangular shape. In the present invention, the wall thickness of each of the fresh water basins formed is not particularly limited and may be appropriately adjusted according to the purpose, and may be about 20 to 50 cm in thickness.

The inside of the artificial tidal pool may be filled with at least one kind selected from gravel, sand, clay, silt, and the like. Saturn is determined by considering the characteristics of the target plant species or benthic invertebrate. It is also possible to further include a shell inside the artificial tidal pool. The shell may be a natural substrate containing a large amount of calcium in general, such as oyster shells, oysters, rolled oats, scallops, and the like. The inclusion of these shells may be more desirable in terms of increasing the number of benthic organisms.

The interior filled natural stones of the artificial tidal pool include those having a size of 30 to 70 mm so that porosity can be secured for various sizes. Accordingly, it is possible to add various kinds of adhered creatures, thereby enhancing adherence biodiversity, and it is possible to buffer fluctuations due to seasonal changes or changes in water temperature.

For example, if the size of the natural stone is less than 30 mm, the crustacean may be dominant, and if it exceeds 70 mm, gastropods such as abalone, snail, etc. may predominate. That is, for coexistence of various species, it is preferable to be between 30 and 70 mm, and it may be more preferable to increase the adhesion area through the ensuring mixed porosity and to perform the water level control function, if a specific species is not desired.

The composition of the particles in the artificial tide pools formed as described above can be changed in size and depth of particles in accordance with the characteristics of the marine area due to the movement of the particles due to inflow and outflow of seawater. However, if it contains only fine natural stones such as clay, silt, etc., then the possibility of survival becomes low due to the re-floating of the fine biological species by currents. Also, Coarse) natural stone may be more preferable.

Filled natural stones in artificial tidal pools such as gravel, sand, mud or silt are filled with 5 to 9 parts, more preferably 7 to 8 parts of the height of the tidal pool, May be more preferable in view of the above.

The artificial tidal pool may further include a water level adjusting groove (FIG. 2). The water level control groove can be adjusted to a height of at least one part and at most nine parts relative to the height of the artificial tide puddle, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the characteristics of the sea area. In addition, when the water level control groove is included, it is more advantageous to perform the role as a breakwater, to prevent the loss of larvae, and to create an environment that helps the establishment of the sea urchin.

The artificial tidal pool may be formed of concrete, cement, shell cement or the like, but is not limited thereto.

The seaweed zone is a region where seaweeds are planted around the lower part of the intertidal zone and the area in which the seaweed is constantly submerged to add ecological functions such as feeding the spawning grounds and sexual hair of the fry and the feeding source of adherent organisms. Algae living in the seaweed region include those living in the sea of green algae, algae, red flora and southern plants. Seaweeds generally have a strong adaptive ability to change their shape in response to changes in environmental conditions. Therefore, even if they are of the same species, life span or seasonal intestine changes frequently depending on the environmental conditions of the growing area.

The type of algae living in the seaweed region is not particularly limited, but specific examples of the seaweeds include rhododendron, mycelia, crab, crab, Seaweed, seaweed, seaweed, seaweed, seaweed, seaweed, cucumber, mackerel and mackerel.

In addition, a rope may be formed in the seaweed region to be used for the production of seaweeds. The material of the rope is not particularly limited as long as it is commonly used, and specific examples thereof include polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), coconut ropes, and the like.

In the present invention, the coastal complex biomass habitat, in which the respective regions are sequentially included, is undesirable because of the problem of bioavailability and bioavailability when the slope is too steep. In this respect, the inclination of the coastal multi-complex habitat step with respect to the ground is preferably 5 to 45 °, more preferably 5 to 30 °.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a biological restoration method using the coastal multi-complex habitat. The bio-restoration method can be divided into a natural joining method and an artificial joining method. In the present invention, it is possible to provide an effective method of reducing cost and consuming time by maximizing natural joining.

In the biological restoration method by the coastal multi-complex habitat, the marine plant area of the coastal multi-complex habitat is connected to the disconnected land and marine systems to induce biotic restoration. The natural rock zone induces restoration of the attached organisms and seaweed, The pine area induces the restoration of crustaceans such as adherent creatures, seaweeds, gulls and crabs, and the seaweed area induces restoration of fry and adherent creatures. In artificial tidal pools of pine area, it induces restoration of crustaceans and gastropods The method comprising:

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and results, but the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the present invention will be determined by the technical idea of the following claims.

Example  1: Formation of Coastal Composite Habitat

The coastal complex habitat was formed in the height, shape and configuration shown in Table 1 below. At this time, artificial tide pools were all made in rectangular shape and formed using oyster shell and cement mixture. In addition, the artificial tidal puddle was installed adjacent to the upper end and the lower end with a step, and the composition of the inner filled natural stone was 0.001 to 0.03 m ³ / ea stones having a particle size of 40 to 100 mm at the upper end and 1.0 m and 0.001 to 0.03 m ³ / ea, respectively, and gravel, sand, and tidal flats with a particle size of less than 40 mm were mixed at 1.0 m or more.

division Half plant area Natural rock
domain Pine area Artificial tide pool
(tidal pool) Seaweed
domain Slope to ground
(°) Kinds location Kinds location Kinds location shape Water level
Presence of control groove Width X Length X Height
(m) Kinds location Example 1 (Upper part) Flower Top floor Natural stone Tidal line Pine tree Tidal line square radish 4.3X6.0X3.2 Parasites The lowest floor 5 ° (Lower end) Pure wood Top floor Natural stone Tidal line Pine, coconut mat Tidal line square radish 5.1X5.5X3.2 Parasites The lowest floor 5 °

< Test Example : Performance Evaluation of Coastal Multi-Complex Habitat>

Performance evaluation area

The performance evaluation area was Yeonghung Island, and it is not the area where the intertidal organisms are distributed. The environmental changes for the coastal multi-complex habitat constructed according to Example 1 were evaluated.

Test Example  1. Environmental changes in the tidal pool

1) Seaweeds

Comparing the number of seaweed species before and after the establishment of the coastal complex habitat (Fig. 3), various seaweeds appeared after habitat was established. The breeding of early seagrass species seemed to have a positive impact on colonization, and a variety of species appeared as a result of reducing the dehydration stress of seaweeds in the tidal pool.

2) Attached creatures

Comparing the numbers of adventitious organisms before and after the installation of the coastal complex habitat (Fig. 4), considering the seasonal effects and the initial stage of community composition, the number of adventitious organisms was significantly And it is predicted that the species composition will be abundant continuously. In other words, it was confirmed that the complex habitat of the present invention provided diversification of biological environment and diversity of adhered substrates.

As mentioned above, from the beginning of coastal complex habitat formation, the marine biota have been growing in order of periphyton, crustacea, benthic organism, seaweed, I can confirm that the subscription is increased. However, it can be confirmed that there are characteristics depending on the area and that the tidal pool near the low water line has more kinds of adherent creatures than the far side. In addition, it was confirmed that the number of adherent species increases as the flow velocity increases regardless of the position of the artificial tide pool.

10: Halophyte zone
20: natural bedrock zone
30: pine zone
40: seaweed zone
100: Water level adjusting groove

Claims (8)

delete A halophyte zone in the direction from the bottom to the bottom; Natural bedrock zone; Pine zone; And a seaweed zone are sequentially included,
The pine zone includes an artificial tidal pool,
The natural rock zone and the pine area are coastal complex biohazards that induce adherence of marine organisms and seaweeds.
Wherein coastal complex habitat habitats are characterized by increased participation of periphyton, crustacea and seaweed over time from the beginning of the coastal complex habitat. The method of claim 2,
Wherein an inclination of the step relative to the ground is 5 to 45 degrees. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the tidal pool is of a rectangular shape and is 5 to 30 m in length, 5 to 10 m in length, and 0.1 to 5 m in height. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the artificial tidal pool further comprises a water level control groove. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the tidal pool comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of gravel, sand, clay, and silt. A method for restoring a biological organism according to claim 2. [Claim 7] The method according to claim 7, wherein the marine plant area of the coastal multi-organism habitat induces biosurfacture by linking the disconnected land and marine systems, the natural rock zone induces restoration of adherent organisms and seaweeds, And the seaweed area induces the restoration of fry and adherent organisms, and the restoration of crustaceans and gastropods in artificial tidal pools in the pine area.

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