KR101863057B1 - Insert for cutting tools - Google Patents

Insert for cutting tools Download PDF

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KR101863057B1
KR101863057B1 KR1020150180853A KR20150180853A KR101863057B1 KR 101863057 B1 KR101863057 B1 KR 101863057B1 KR 1020150180853 A KR1020150180853 A KR 1020150180853A KR 20150180853 A KR20150180853 A KR 20150180853A KR 101863057 B1 KR101863057 B1 KR 101863057B1
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South Korea
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weight
content
depth
insert
present
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KR1020150180853A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20170072555A (en
Inventor
오세웅
김홍은
이대기
안선용
김영흠
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한국야금 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner

Abstract

The present invention has an inclined function structure in which the content of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), or cobalt and nickel (Co + Ni) decreases from the surface portion to the inside of the insert, To an insert for a cutting tool capable of increasing the abrasion resistance of a part.
The cutting insert according to the present invention comprises 40 to 94% by weight of a carbonitride containing Ti, 5 to 20% by weight of at least one bonding phase metal selected from Fe, Co and Ni, IVa, Va, And 1 to 40% by weight of a carbide, a carbonitride, or a mixture thereof of at least one metal selected from Group VIa metals, and having a depth of 10 to 15 mu m from the outermost surface portion, And a minimum value of the binding phase metal content is present at a depth of 10 to 15 占 퐉, and a minimum value of the binding phase metal content is not more than 1% by weight.

Description

[0001] INSERT FOR CUTTING TOOLS [0002]

[0001] The present invention relates to an insert used in a cutting tool, and more particularly, to an insert used in a cutting tool in which the content of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), or cobalt and nickel (Co + Ni) And more particularly to an insert for a cutting tool capable of increasing the wear of the upper surface of the insert and the wear resistance of the cutting edge portion.

WC-Co cemented carbide, Ti-based sintered alloy of Ti (C, N) type, cermet, other ceramics or high-speed steel are used as the base material of the wear resistant tool or cutting tool used for cutting the metal.

Among them, WC-Co cemented carbide is composed of cobalt (Co) and tungsten (W), which have strong strategic material characteristics, and it has a high price.

Cermet refers to a composite consisting of a ceramic hard phase and a metal bond phase. Particularly in the field of cutting tools, hard ceramics such as WC, NbC, TaC and Mo 2 C are used as a part of TiC or Ti (C, A sintered ceramic / metal composite sintered body obtained by mixing a mixed hard phase powder and a binder phase powder mainly composed of a metal such as nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and / or iron (Fe) .

Cermet has attracted attention as a substitute for WC-Co cemented carbide due to its advantages of high hardness, chemical stability at high temperature, low specific gravity and low cost of raw material, and it has been tried to be used as a substitute material in some fields .

However, when cermet and cemented carbide are compared, the heat transfer coefficient of cermet is only about half that of cemented carbide, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is 1.3 times of cemented carbide. Therefore, the disadvantageous properties of the cermet in terms of heat resistance are the cause of the lowering of the reliability of the cermet.

In order to increase the reliability of such a cermet, the following Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a method of controlling the content of a bonding phase such as nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co) present on the surface and under the surface thereof, thereby controlling the residual stress of the sintered body Thereby improving the wear resistance and the toughness of the cermet.

The so-called 'Functional Gradient Material (FGM)' alloy having a difference in the surface portion and the internal composition of the cermet sintered body generally has a metal binder (Co or Ni or Co + Ni) is decreased, and the content thereof is controlled so that less than about 1.0% by weight of the metal binder (Co or Ni or Co + Ni) is present at the point of 5.0 탆. Even if the content of the binder phase is controlled as described above, There is a limit to improving the abrasion resistance of the cutting edge.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-179978 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0079664

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool insert which is capable of preventing the upper face crater wear and significantly improving the abrasion resistance of the cutting edge portion.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a carbon nanotube composite material, comprising the steps of: preparing a carbon material comprising 40 to 94% by weight of a carbonitride containing Ti, 5 to 20% by weight of at least one cohesive phase metal selected from Fe, Co and Ni, VIa group metal, or a mixture thereof, and the mixture is heated to a depth of 10 to 15 mu m from the outermost surface of the raw powder by sintering the raw powder, And a minimum value of the bond phase metal content is present at a depth of 10 to 15 mu m and a minimum value of the bond phase metal content is not more than 1 wt%.

The insert for a cutting tool according to the present invention maintains the minimum point where the content of the binder phase is 1 wt% or less in the depth of 10 to 15 mu m from the outermost surface portion, and thus the resistance to the upper surface crater wear and the cutting edge wear is significantly .

The toughness and the chipping resistance of the insert can be simultaneously improved by adjusting the content of the Ti compound from the outermost surface portion to a depth of 5 mu m to 30 mu m.

Fig. 1 is a compositional profile of TiCN, WC, Ni and Co measured from the surface of a sintered alloy produced according to Example 5 of the present invention to a thickness of 40 mu m.
Fig. 2 is a compositional profile of TiCN, WC, Ni and Co measured from the surface of the sintered alloy produced according to Comparative Example 7 to a thickness of 40 mu m.
3 is an insert image after evaluating the wear resistance of the sintered alloy produced according to Example 1, Example 4, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.
4 is an insert image after evaluating the impact resistance of the sintered alloy produced according to Example 3, Example 5, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 7 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments of the present invention may be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Embodiments of the present invention are provided to more fully describe the present invention to those skilled in the art.

The present inventors have found that in a so-called 'Functional Gradient Material (FGM)' alloy having a difference in the surface portion and the inner composition of the cermet sintered body, the wear resistance of the cutting edge is low, It is possible to remarkably improve the abrasion resistance of the cutting edge portion by controlling the position of the content of the bonding phase and further to control the content of the Ti compound from the outermost surface portion of the insert to a predetermined depth, The toughness and the chipping resistance of the insert produced by the metro can be further improved, leading to the present invention.

The insert according to the present invention comprises 40 to 94% by weight of a carbonitride containing Ti, 5 to 20% by weight of at least one binder phase metal selected from Fe, Co and Ni, Group IVa, Va and VIa metals in the periodic table By weight of carbonitride, carbonitride, or a mixture thereof in an amount of 10 to 15 mu m deep from the outermost surface of the raw powder by sintering the raw powder, , A minimum value of the binding phase metal content is present at a depth of 10 to 15 占 퐉, and a minimum value of the binding phase metal content is not more than 1% by weight.

The insert according to the present invention has a depth of 10 to 15 占 퐉 at which the bond phase metal (Co, Ni, or Co and Ni) decreases from the outermost surface portion to the inner depth and the bond metal content is 1.0 wt% The depth of the FGM insert of the insert is increased by about 2 to 3 times as compared with that of the FGM insert of about 5 탆. By reducing the content of the bonding metal from the outermost surface portion to the relatively deep portion, the wear resistance of the insert itself can be increased, The abrasion resistance of the upper surface crater and the cutting edge can be remarkably increased especially after the cutting process.

When the content of the carbonitride containing Ti is less than 40% by weight in the composition of the insert, deformation of the cutting edge of the insert may occur quickly due to insufficient heat resistance during high-speed cutting and high- When the amount of Ti carbonitride which is more brittle than Ni is more than 94% by weight, the cutting edge of the insert is easily broken even under a weak intermittent condition, and therefore, it is preferably in the range of 40 to 94% by weight when used as a cutting tool.

If the content of the metal on the bonding phase is less than 5% by weight, the bonding strength between the Ti-based carbonitride as a hard phase is weakened, and the cutting edge of the insert is easily broken even under a weak intermittent condition. However, since the cutting edge of the insert is easily deformed in a high-speed condition, it can not be used as a cutting tool. Therefore, the range of 5 to 20% by weight is preferable.

If the content of carbide, carbonitride, or a mixture thereof is less than 1% by weight, the effect of inhibiting the growth of the grain is reduced and the plastic deformation resistance at high temperature is decreased, so that the cutting edge of the insert is easily deformed under high- If it is more than 40% by weight, cracks between Ti carbonitride and metal bonding phases Co, Ni and Fe easily occur to the impact received from the outside by interfering with the binding force between Ti carbonitride and metal bonding phases Co, Ni and Fe, Can be reduced. Therefore, the material composed of carbide, nitride or a mixture thereof is preferably in the range of 1 to 40% by weight.

In addition, the insert according to the present invention may have a composition profile in which the binding phase metal content gradually increases from a minimum value of the binding phase metal content to a depth of 30 to 50 mu m.

In addition, the insert preferably has a carbonitride content of 35 to 45% by weight in the range of 5 탆 to 30 탆 in depth from the outermost surface portion.

In the case of the conventional FGM insert, the content of carbonitride containing Ti at a depth of 5 占 퐉 to 30 占 퐉 from the outermost surface is about 45% by weight to 50% by weight or less. The cutting tool insert according to the present invention has the depth , The content of carbonitride containing Ti is kept relatively low at 35 wt% to 45 wt%, so that the brittleness can be reduced and the toughness can be improved.

In addition, the insert preferably has a WC content ranging from 20% by weight to 30% by weight at a depth of 5 탆 to 30 탆 from the outermost surface portion.

In the case of the conventional FGM insert, the WC content at a depth of 5 탆 to 30 탆 from the outermost surface is about 15 wt% to less than 20 wt%. The cutting tool insert according to the present invention has a WC content of 20 By maintaining the relative high level at from 30% by weight to 30% by weight, the chipping resistance can be improved.

[Example]

First, a raw material powder for sintering was prepared by weighing 50 wt% of TiCN, 7 wt% of Co, 7 wt% of Ni, 20 wt% of WC and 16 wt% of Mo 2 C as other carbides.

Carbide balls and an organic solvent were added to the raw material powder, followed by mixing and pulverization for 10 hours to obtain a mixed powder. The obtained mixed powder was press-molded at a pressure of 2 ton / cm 2 through a mold for CNMG120408 to prepare a molded article.

Next, a dewaxing process is performed at a temperature of 700 ° C or lower to remove the organic binder component introduced into the process of forming the molded product, and then the temperature is raised at a gas inlet temperature and a gas inlet pressure as shown in Table 1 below. The sintering process was carried out for 1 to 2 hours, cooling under various conditions from a nitrogen gas atmosphere to 700 ° C to control the content of the metal on the outermost surface from the outermost surface, followed by natural cooling.

TiCN WC Co + Ni Other
Carbide Sintering
Temperature
(° C) Gas input
Temperature
(° C) Gas input
pressure
(mbar) gas
Kinds Cooling
time
(minute) Dt
(탆) Tw
(weight%) Comparative Example 1 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 1-5 nitrogen 60 2.0 55 Comparative Example 2 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 6 to 10 nitrogen 60 1.9 50 Comparative Example 3 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 1-5 nitrogen 40 5.0 49 Comparative Example 4 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 6 to 10 nitrogen 40 8.0 53 Comparative Example 5 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 11-20 nitrogen 25 20.0 51 Comparative Example 6 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 11-20 nitrogen 60 6.2 60 Comparative Example 7 50 20 14 16 1500 900-1000 1-5 nitrogen 25 4.5 57 Comparative Example 8 50 20 14 16 1500 900-1000 6 to 10 nitrogen 25 3.8 52 Example 1 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 1-5 nitrogen 20 11.0 36 Example 2 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 1-5 nitrogen 25 13.0 38 Example 3 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 1-5 nitrogen 30 14.5 43 Example 4 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 6 to 10 nitrogen 20 11.5 40 Example 5 50 20 14 16 1500 1000-1300 6 to 10 nitrogen 30 12.5 45

In Table 1, Dt is the depth at which the binder phase metal decreases from the outermost surface to 1.0 wt% or less, Tw is the TiCN content (wt%) in the depth range from 5.0 to 30.0 mu m from the outermost surface portion, Means the weight%, the gas inlet temperature and the gas inlet pressure mean the temperature and pressure at the time of heating for sintering, respectively, and the cooling time means the cooling time from 1500 ° C to 700 ° C after sintering.

Composition profile

Fig. 1 is a compositional profile of TiCN, WC, Ni and Co measured from the surface of a sintered alloy produced according to Example 5 of the present invention to a thickness of 40 mu m.

As shown in FIG. 1, the TiCN content (red) was almost absent in the outermost surface portion, rapidly increased to a depth of about 5 占 퐉, then reached a maximum value at a depth of 10 to 15 占 퐉 and then gradually decreased. And the TiCN content at depths deeper than 5 탆 in depth is between 35% and 45% by weight.

The WC content (black) shows about 11% by weight at the outermost surface, rapidly increases to a depth of about 5 占 퐉 and then gradually decreases. The WC content at a depth deeper than 5 占 퐉 is 20% % ≪ / RTI >

The Co content (green) and the Ni content (blue), which are bonding phases, are very high at 40% by weight and 38% by weight at the outermost surface, respectively. After drastically decreasing the depth to about 5 탆, %, And then gradually increases to maintain a constant value.

That is, the insert according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention has a minimum value of 1% by weight or less of the binding metal at a depth of 10 to 15 μm from the outermost surface portion, and a depth ranging from 5 μm to 30 μm The TiCN content is 35 to 45% by weight and the WC content is 20 to 30% by weight.

As shown in Table 1, in the alloys according to Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, Dt was 11 mu m to 14.5 mu m, and the minimum value of the binder phase metal content at a depth of 10 mu m to 15 mu m from the outermost surface portion . It is also understood that Tw is from 35 to 45% by weight.

Fig. 2 is a compositional profile of TiCN, WC, Ni and Co measured from the surface of the sintered alloy produced according to Comparative Example 7 to a thickness of 40 mu m.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the case of Comparative Example 7, the TiCN content (red) was about 9% by weight at the outermost surface and increased sharply to 50% And after about 45% by weight. That is, the TiCN content at depths deeper than 5 탆 in depth maintains between 45% and 50% by weight.

The WC content (black) shows about 9 wt% at the outermost surface, rapidly increases to about 5 mu m deep, then gradually decreases, and the WC content at a depth deeper than 5 mu m depth is 10 wt% % ≪ / RTI >

The Co content (green) and the Ni content (blue), which are bonding phases, are as high as 27% by weight and 35% by weight at the outermost surface, respectively, and rapidly decrease to a depth of about 3 μm. And a composition profile maintaining a constant value while maintaining a minimum value at a weight percentage or less and then gradually increasing.

That is, in the insert according to Comparative Example 7 of the present invention, there is a minimum value of the binding phase metal content of not more than 1% by weight at a depth of 5 占 퐉 or less from the outermost surface portion and a depth of 5 占 퐉 to 30 占 퐉 The content of TiCN is 45 to 50% by weight, which is higher than that of Example 5 of the present invention, and the content of WC is 10 to 20% by weight, which is lower than that of Example 5 of the present invention.

As shown in Table 1, in the alloys according to Comparative Examples 1 to 7, Dt is 9 탆 or less, or more than 15 탆, and Tw is more than 45% by weight.

Cutting performance evaluation result

The cutting performance of the inserts of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 having the above composition profiles was evaluated by the following three cutting conditions.

(1) Abrasive cutting conditions in carbon steel

- Machining method: Turning

- Workpiece: SM45C (Continuous machining of outer diameter)

- Vc (cutting speed): 320 mm / min

- fn (feed rate): 0.30 mm / min

- ap (infeed depth): 2.0mm

- dry / wet: wet

(2) Abrasive cutting conditions in alloy steel

- Machining method: Turning

- Workpiece: SCM440 (Continuous machining of outer diameter)

- Vc (cutting speed): 250 mm / min

- fn (feed rate): 0.25 mm / min

- ap (infeed depth): 2.0mm

- dry / wet: wet

(3) Carbon steel Impact resistance Cutting condition

- Machining method: Turning

- Workpiece: SM45C-4 Groove (Intermittent cutting)

- Vc (cutting speed): 230 mm / min

- fn (feed rate): 0.25 mm / min

- ap (infeed depth): 1.5mm

- dry / wet: wet

Table 2 below shows the results of cutting performance evaluation.

Dt
(탆) Tw
(weight%) Carbon steel
Abrasion resistance
(minute) Alloy steel
Abrasion
(minute) Carbon steel impact resistance
(minute) First corner Second corner Third corner Corner corner
Deviation Comparative Example
One 2.0 55 30 20 10 2 19 17 Comparative Example
2 1.9 50 35 30 12 4 16 12 Comparative Example
3 5.0 49 28 42 7 10 5 5 Comparative Example
4 8.0 53 50 45 3 5 12 9 Comparative Example
5 20.0 51 100 80 2 One 3 2 Comparative Example
6 6.2 60 40 36 3 3 10 7 Comparative Example
7 4.5 57 45 33 4 10 25 21 Comparative Example
8 3.8 52 40 25 12 21 4 17 Example
One 11.0 36 60 48 18 17 20 3 Example
2 13.0 38 73 55 15 19 15 4 Example
3 14.5 43 88 70 14 12 10 4 Example
4 11.5 40 75 55 20 22 23 3 Example
5 12.5 45 100 80 25 30 24 6

As shown in Table 2, in the case of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7, the Dt is less than 9 占 퐉, the carbon steel abrasion resistance is less than 50 minutes, the alloy steel abrasion resistance is less than 45 minutes, Is very large or exhibits low impact properties.

On the other hand, carbon steels and alloy steels of Comparative Example 5 having a Dt of 20 占 퐉 exhibit very excellent characteristics in terms of abrasion resistance, but exhibit very low characteristics in terms of impact resistance of carbon steel, and therefore are not suitable for inserts for cutting tools.

All of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention are excellent in carbon steel abrasion resistance and alloy steel abrasion resistance as well as in impact resistance in carbon steel and can be used suitably for inserts for cutting tools because they are superior to Comparative Examples or have small deviation between corners Lt; / RTI >

3 is an insert image after evaluating the wear resistance of the sintered alloy produced according to Example 1, Example 4, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in Examples 1 and 4 of the present invention, the amount of wear is remarkably smaller than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

4 is an insert image after evaluating the impact resistance of the sintered alloy produced according to Example 3, Example 5, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 7 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 4, in the case of Examples 3 and 5 of the present invention, it is understood that the condition after the impact test of the insert is better than those of Comparative Examples 5 and 7. [

From the above results, it can be seen that the inserts for cutting tools whose composition profiles are controlled as in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention can simultaneously increase abrasion resistance and toughness.

Claims (4)

40 to 94% by weight of a carbonitride containing Ti, 5 to 20% by weight of at least one bonding phase metal selected from Fe, Co and Ni, and at least one metal selected from the group IVa, Va and VIa metals in the periodic table By weight of carbonitride, carbonitride, or a mixture thereof in an amount of 1 to 40% by weight,
The content of the binder phase metal decreases from the outermost surface portion to a depth of 10 to 15 占 퐉,
There is a minimum value of the binding phase metal content at a depth of 10 to 15 占 퐉,
The minimum value of the binding phase metal content is 1 wt% or less,
And the content of carbonitride containing Ti in the range of 5 mu m to 30 mu m in depth from the outermost surface portion is 35 to 45 wt%. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the binding phase metal content gradually increases from a minimum value of the binding phase metal content to a depth of 30 to 50 占 퐉. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the carbide of the metal comprises WC,
And the WC content in the range of 5 mu m to 30 mu m in depth from the outermost surface portion is 20 to 30 wt%.
KR1020150180853A 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Insert for cutting tools KR101863057B1 (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000308907A (en) * 1999-02-26 2000-11-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Cermet tool and its manufacture

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3605838B2 (en) 1993-12-22 2004-12-22 住友電気工業株式会社 cermet
EP0822265B1 (en) * 1994-05-19 2001-10-17 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy
CN103282147B (en) 2010-12-25 2014-10-08 京瓷株式会社 Cutting tool

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000308907A (en) * 1999-02-26 2000-11-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Cermet tool and its manufacture

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