KR101791527B1 - Composition for protecting a stamping out livestock landfill, and method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for plowing livestock and to a method for livestock burial using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preventing the spread of disease in livestock, especially in the case of foot-and-mouth disease or avian influenza, inevitably resulting from the emergency land disposal of the livestock, Which is capable of preventing the outflow of sludge, leachate and other harmful pathogens and safely protecting the buried soil in environmental or soil mechanics, and a method for burial of livestock using the same.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting burial of a domestic animal, and a method of using the composition.

The research and development of the present invention was carried out by the research grant of the Jeonnam Green Environment Support Center designated by the Ministry of Environment.

The present invention relates to a composition for plowing a domestic animal and a method of using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preventing the spread of disease in a livestock, especially foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) or avian influenza (AI) A composition for prevention of livestock burial prevention which can prevent the leakage of sludge, leachate and other harmful pathogens necessarily occurring in a land disposal buried land when buried in the ground and protect the buried land safely in environmental or soil mechanics, and The present invention relates to a method for livestock burial, and more particularly, to a method for livestock burial using a strong alkaline component, which is used when livestock is buried instead of soil, to absorb sludge and leachate generated by decomposition of organic matter, A composition for burial of livestock to prevent secondary environmental damage by inducing complete disinfection and use thereof Buy disposal relates to livestock burial methods.

Avian Influenza (AI) is a viral acute infectious disease occurring in poultry such as chickens and ducks. It is a type 1 livestock infectious disease that is reported to be transmitted to humans. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a viral acute infectious disease that occurs in homozygous twinned cow such as cattle, pigs, and goats, and is designated as a first livestock epidemic, such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI). If such a major livestock epidemic occurs, the government authorities have adopted a method of disposing and burping the same kind of livestock in the area where the epidemic disease occurred and to prevent the rapid spread of the epidemic, and the representative law related to this is the livestock epidemic prevention law, Enforcement regulations Annex 5 specifies the criteria for incineration or burial.

The burial method according to the burial regulation will be described step by step. Covering the bottom and the wall surface of the pit with an impermeable material such as double vinyl; A step of putting soil of at least 1 m in height and quicklime of at least 5 cm from the bottom vinyl, covering the soil with 40 cm or more on the burnt lime, And cover the dead body with more than 40 cm of soil, then spray the quicklime to more than 5 cm thickness, cover with earth to the surface of the earth, cover with 1.5 m or more on the surface, and finally apply the quicklime.

In addition, for the purpose of post-management, it is necessary to install a gas discharge pipe due to corruption of the corpse, to cover the vinyl etc. so that the buried land is not lost due to heavy rain, to install the rainwater drainage channel and the water supply channel, and to install and disinfect the drainage pipe and storage tank And so on.

However, in spite of the above-mentioned regulations, landfills that are buried with the carcass of livestock are largely composed of soot and some lime is required to be used, so that the sludge and leachate are inevitably generated. In the rainy season, If there is a change in the stress of the soil, if the defoamer is damaged, leachate or sludge will be lost to the ground, which may lead to many environmental hazards such as groundwater contamination, surface water contamination and nearby soil contamination.

In order to solve these problems, Korean Patent (10-1085171) and Korea Patent Application (10-2012-0138009) proposed a method of reinforcing a buried ground by consolidating a low fluidity concrete or shotcrete a special concrete. However, this method also doubts whether the soil mechanics external forces of the buried ground can be fully met, such as installing the concrete box structure as a whole, and even if the ground is strengthened by the consolidation, it can be liquefied under the influence of groundwater and leachate .

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an immobilizing agent capable of self-digesting sludge or leachate of an animal carcass which is generated as a fundamental measure and shielding and killing infectious pathogens in buried grounds.

Korean Patent No. 10-1085171 (November 24, 2011) Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2012-0138009 (December 24, 2012)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to observe the burial guideline according to existing laws and regulations, and to improve the method of using most of soil and a part of quicklime as a landfill to be buried together with livestock, The composition is buried with livestock as a landfill material, and the sludge or leachate of the animal carcass is self-digested in the buried land, and the possibility of infecting pathogens can be shielded and killed Disclosed is a composition for disposal of livestock, and a method for livestock burial using the same.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a papermaking sludge ash, and a pelletizing cement admixture comprising 5 to 20 parts by weight of a solidifying accelerator based on 100 parts by weight of the paper sludge ash, , And fly ash cement are provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a livestock paddy; 2) digging the burrows; 3) covering the bottom and the wall surface of the buried hole with an impermeable material having a thickness of 0.2 mm or more; 4) placing the composition on the impermeable material covered on the bottom of the buried hole in the buried hole in an amount of at least twice the weight of the buried animal carcass, and then injecting the buried animal carcass; 5) placing the composition on the buried animal carcass in an amount of at least 1 times the weight of the burial animal carcass; And 6) mixing the composition and the soil on the composition laid out in the step 5) so as to cover the soil and the clay so that the mixture soil is at least 1.5 m from the ground surface .

The paper sludge incineration ash is a byproduct of the papermaking industry and is a by-product generated in the process of burning paper sludge and biomass without burning coal, which is a natural resource, unlike high-calcium fly ash generated in a cogeneration power plant burning common coal .

The composition according to the present invention is a strong alkali substance having a pH of 11.5 or more. It is generally known that almost all bacteria are killed in a strong alkaline environment. The quicklime and quicklime proper disinfectant which is used as a disinfectant for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease or poultry influenza (A I) disinfection also uses the ingredient of quicklime called strong alkali.

The paper ash ash is characterized by high calcium oxide content. Among the materials, calcium oxide has the same effect as CaO, which is the main component of quicklime. In other words, when it comes into contact with moisture, it exerts heat and absorption action of about 100 ° C. Therefore, the sludge and leachate generated from the carcass of the animal react with these materials to sterilize and absorb by the heat, so that the sludge and leachate are confined in the buried land without being leaked to the outside.

The composition of the present invention is composed of fine particles having a specific surface area of 3,000 cm 2 / g or more. Therefore, it has a lot of pores according to the characteristics of the fine particles, and compared with the initial landfill, the volume decreases in the buried ground due to the decrease of the pores while reacting with the sludge and moisture. This phenomenon can prevent the phenomenon that the burnt ground is bulged due to the gas generated by corruption of the animal body when buried according to the existing buried method.

When the composition of the present invention is used, in case of livestock epidemic diseases, especially in the case of foot-and-mouth disease or avian influenza, inevitably, It is possible to prevent leakage of dead sludge, leachate and other harmful pathogens, and to protect the buried soil safely in environmental and soil mechanics.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation process of paper ash ash.
2 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the paper ash ash that can be used in the present invention.
3 shows the test method used in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows experimental results of leachate generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows experimental results of re-slurry generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the composition and method according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include singular forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, " comprise "and / or" comprising "when used herein should be interpreted as specifying the presence of stated shapes, numbers, steps, operations, elements, elements, and / And does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, elements, and / or groups.

First, the composition and action of the composition according to the present invention will be described.

The composition according to the present invention comprises 5 to 20 parts by weight of a solidifying accelerator based on 100 parts by weight of the paper sludge ash and the paper sludge ash, and the solidifying accelerator is selected from Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement, and fly ash cement .

The paper ash ash is a by-product of the paper industry, which is obtained through the process shown in Fig. Specifically, calcium carbonate powder is used as a filler in the process of producing paper with pulp. In the process of producing raw material and producing grass, paper sludge mixed with pulp, paper, calcium carbonate and the like together with a large amount of process drainage is generated. As is well known, the papermaking process requires a large amount of water and steam. Therefore, most large-scale paper mills operate an incinerator for the purpose of producing steam. The sludge generated during the process is used as fuel after drying.

Paper ash sludge incineration ash is inferior due to the nature of its production process. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the papermaking sludge ash can contain fine particles having a particle size of less than 50 μm in an amount of 45% or more, and fine particles having a particle size of 100 μm or less in an amount of 34% or less. When the amount of the fine particles of less than 50 탆 and the fine particles of less than 100 탆 in the paper sludge ash is within the above range, it is advantageous to confine the sludge and the leachate. The particle size distribution of paper ash ash that can be used according to the present invention is shown in Fig. The paper sludge ash A is 50.7%, 50 .mu.m or more is less than 100 .mu.m, 26.1%, 100 .mu.m or more is 23.2%, and less than 50 .mu.m is 47.9% The paper sludge incineration ash C is less than 50 탆 49.6%, 50 탆 to less than 100 탆 29.1%, 100 탆 or more 21.3% 45.3%, 27.4% for 50 ㎛ or more and less than 100 ㎛, and 27.3% for 100 ㎛ or more. The particle sizes of the four kinds of paper-making sludge ash are not largely different from each other, and most of the particles of less than 50 μm are composed of about 50%.

Table 1 below shows the results of analysis of the chemical composition of the paper ash ash that can be used in the present invention. The paper sludge incineration ash is calcium oxide (CaO) whose main component is composed of about 47 to 58%. Calcium oxide reacts with water and absorbs and generates heat to become calcium hydroxide. In the present invention, It is trying to restrain the moisture that is generated from the dead body.

The reaction formula of calcium oxide absorption and heat is as follows.

CaO + H ₂ O - > Ca (OH) ₂ + 15.6 kcal mol ^-1

division Chemical composition of paper ash ash SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ Fe ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO SO ₃ A 26.4 10.1 1.1 47.9 10.2 0.7 B 19.6 15.1 6.4 48.5 4.2 1.8 C 20.2 10.5 2.3 56.7 5.4 0.7 D 16.4 11.8 3.6 58.1 4.5 0.8

The solidification promoter may be selected from Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement, and fly ash cement. The cement reacts with water to exert hydraulic properties and is incorporated as a constituent component of the buried preventive material to absorb the carcass sludge and leachate generated in the buried body and to stabilize the buried space from external stress stably.

The solidifying accelerator is incorporated in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the paper sludge ash. If it is mixed with less than 5 parts by weight, the buried space can not be restrained sufficiently stably from the external stress. If it is mixed with more than 20 parts by weight, too high cementation strength is caused due to the hardness of the solidification promoter, It can be an obstacle to

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the solidification promoter may be Portland cement. The portland cement may be selected from three kinds of crude steel portland cement and one kind of ordinary portland cement. Specifically, three kinds of crude steel portland cement and one kind of ordinary portland cement may be mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1.3 to 0.7 .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the solidification promoter may be blast furnace slag cement. The blast furnace slag cement may include Portland cement and blast furnace slag. The portland cement may be selected from three kinds of crude steel portland cement and one kind of ordinary portland cement. Specifically, three kinds of crude steel portland cement and one kind of ordinary portland cement may be mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1.3 to 0.7 . The blast furnace slag may be contained in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 60 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the blast furnace slag cement. When the content of the blast furnace slag is in the above range, it is advantageous in the effect of restricting the sludge and the leachate. When the blast furnace slag cement is selected as the solidification promoter, the composition of the present invention may further include fly ash such as cogeneration fly ash.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the solidification promoter may be fly ash cement. The portland cement may be selected from three kinds of crude steel portland cement and one kind of ordinary portland cement. Specifically, three kinds of crude steel portland cement and one kind of ordinary portland cement may be mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1.3 to 0.7 . The fly ash may be contained in an amount of 10 to 50 wt%, preferably 20 to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the fly ash cement. When the content of fly ash is in the above range, it is beneficial to the effect of restricting sludge and leachate. When the fly ash cement is selected as the solidification promoter, the composition of the present invention may further comprise blast furnace slag.

The pH of the composition may be at least 11.5, and more specifically at a pH of from 12.1 to 12.4.

The papermaking sludge ash and the solidification promoter of the present invention preferably have a specific surface area of 3,000 to 6,000 cm 2 / g. If the specific surface area is less than 3,000 cm < 2 > / g, the contact surface area is insufficient and sufficient absorption ability can not be exhibited. If the specific surface area exceeds 6,000 cm < 2 > / g, the mass per unit is too light, There is a concern of environmental pollution.

Hereinafter, the method according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The method according to the present invention is based on the burial criterion according to Table 5 of the Enforcement Regulation of Livestock Epidemic Disease Prevention Act and suggests a construction method in which soil and quicklime used in the burial process are replaced with buried materials. The process according to the invention comprises the following steps: 1) preparing the composition of the invention; 2) digging the burrows; 3) covering the bottom and wall surface of the buried hole with an impermeable material such as double vinyl having a thickness of 0.2 mm or more; 4) placing the composition on the impermeable material covered on the bottom of the buried hole in the buried hole in an amount of at least twice the weight of the buried animal carcass, and then injecting the buried animal carcass; 5) placing the composition on the buried animal carcass in an amount of at least 1 times the weight of the burial animal carcass; And 6) mixing the composition with the soil on the composition laid out in the step 5) so as to cover the soil and cover so that the mixture soil is at least 1.5 m above the ground surface.

Step 3) is a step of forming an impervious layer such as vinyl having a thickness or more. In the step 4), a buried defense material having a weight twice or more the weight of the carcass of an animal to be buried is laid from the floor vinyl into the buried pit, and the carcass of the animal is buried thereon. In this case, unless the composition having a weight twice the weight of the animal carcass is laid in advance, the body fluid and the various organic matter of the animal are not sludge or leachate and are not sufficiently buried in the amount of the buried material to absorb it. It is generally known that the animal body is composed of about 70% water. The water content of organic soil is 19 ~ 24% and that of organic soil is 19 ~ 24%. Therefore, if the water content of the animal carcass is equal to the level of the soil, it is about 50% of the weight of leachate or sludge. Therefore, CaO contained in the burial inhibitor is about 50% Is about 1 times as large as the weight of the carcass, but the safety factor is set to 200% considering factors such as external stress.

In addition, step 5) is a step of placing a buried preventive material having a weight of at least 1 times the burial target animal carcass on the buried carcass. Since all the materials move to a place with low potential energy, the sludge or leachate from the dead body is expected to move to the lower layer and react with the buried material that is installed at the lower side of the carcass. However, Weighing burrs of the same weight as dead weight must be laid on the buried carcass. There is a risk that the inflow of surface water or groundwater can not be completely prevented unless the burial material above the same weight as the animal carcass is laid on the carcass of the animal.

In the step 6), the composition and the soil are mixed on the composition laid in the step 5), and the mixed soil is ground and covered so that the soil is at least 1.5 m above the ground surface. However, in the case of rain or surface water flow, it is difficult to mix the soil with the buried preservative to prevent the water from flowing from the upper part. It is necessary to improve it with the ground that it has. It is preferable that the composition and the soil are mixed at a weight ratio of 0.3 to 1: 1, specifically about 1: 1.

In order to examine the characteristics of the composition in the method according to the present invention in more detail, the following tests were carried out.

(1) Experimental results of leachate generation

First, as shown in Fig. 3, a plastic hermetically sealed container was prepared, and coarse soil was put thereinto. Then, a chick (an average weight of 60 g per individual) about seven days old was placed in a plastic hermetically sealed container. Thereafter, the chick itself, the landfill with soil and quicklime, and the buried test body using the composition according to the present invention were constructed, and the accelerated test was conducted under the constant temperature condition of 25 degrees Celsius.

At this time, the composition of the composition according to the present invention is as follows.

Composition A: Composition obtained by mixing 10 parts by weight of blast furnace slag cement with 100 parts by weight of a paper sludge ash with a calcium oxide content of 56.7%, wherein the blast furnace slag cement contains a blast furnace slag in an amount of approximately 60% by weight ).

The results of the above test are shown in [Table 2] and [Figure 4] below.

As shown in [Table 2], leached water was absorbed to soil and lime by 15 days in the samples buried with soil and quicklime according to the conventional buried technique, but no leachate was generated at 30 days and 45 days The more leachate was generated with the passage of time. However, the leachate did not occur even though the same test period passed after the test piece using the composition A of the present invention. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, in the experiment according to the conventional method, leachate was generated and accumulated on the floor was observed. However, in the experiment using the composition A of the present invention, leachate did not flow and the bottom was not fixed. This is considered to be the result of the transfer of the absorbent action of paper sludge incineration as contained in the composition of the present invention and the hydration property of the solidifying accelerator to a stable solidified body exhibiting strength.

division Leachate and solid-liquid separation Remarks 15th 30 days 45 days Landfill and buried with lime Occur
none Leachate
Occur Leachate
much
Occur Put 400g of soil and 20g of burnt lime in the bottom, put 180g of soil on the burnt lime, fill up three (180g) of chicks and put 220g of soil and 20g of quick lime on the top Landfill with composition A Occur
none Occur
none Occur
none After putting 360g of fire-fighting in the lower part, put three 180g of chicks and put 180g of fire in the upper part.

(2) Environmental hazard test result

According to the KSLP method of the present invention and the US EPA method, the composition of the present invention was evaluated to be within the standard value, and it was found to be environmentally stable.

Table 3 below (the result of heavy metal leaching test of the composition of the present invention) shows criteria and measurement values of the heavy metal leaching test of the composition of the present invention.

Heavy metal leaching CD As Pb Hg Cr ^{6 +} Cu Org.P TCE PCE KSLP Reference value
(Below) 0.3 1.5 3.0 0.05 1.5 3.0 1.0 0.1 0.3 Measure
ND 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.42 ND ND ND US
EPA Reference value
(Below) 1.0 - 5.0 0.2 5.0 - - - - Measure
ND - 0.003 ND ND - - - -

(3) Results of sterilization test

A sterilization experiment using the composition of the present invention was also conducted. To this end, 200 ml of rice microcrystalline (EM) fermentation broth was mixed with 200 ml of rice flour and 1,200 ml of distilled water, and the mixture was mixed with 3 g or 5 g of the composition A of the present invention in each 100 ml container. After 3 days and 8 days, As a result of measuring the number of bacteria, no bacteria were detected and it was found that the sterilization effect was completely achieved. Table 4 below shows the number of general bacteria by age of each material.

As shown in the following Table 4, even though a small amount of 3 g or 5 g was added to 100 ml of the test solution in the test according to the present invention, it can be confirmed that the same is completely sterilized as in the case of the slaked lime. It can be seen that the effect of completely killing pathogens is shown.

Name of sample
After 3 days, the number of normal bacteria Number of normal bacteria after 8 days Protective material 3g Protective material 5g Protective material 3g Protective material 5g Composition A
(Invention) 0
0
0
0
Composition A +
Fly ash
(Invention) 0

0

0

0

Fly ash
Exclusive
(Comparative Example) 50,000,000

18,000,000

30,000,000

20,000,000

Blast furnace slag
Exclusive
(Comparative Example) 15,000,000

120,000

25,000,000

500,000

Lime lime
(Comparative Example) 0
0
0
0
Oyster shell
powder
(Comparative Example) 12,000,000

11,000,000

10,000,000

10,000,000

(4) Ash slurry  Generation experiment

When the composition of the present invention absorbed the leachate generated from the carcass of the buried animal and then contacted with a large amount of water, the absorbed leachate was discharged again to evaluate re-slurrying (re-slurry test). After the composition A of the present invention was used to absorb the leachate, the composition A in a state in which the leachate was absorbed was divided into three containers, immersed in water, allowed to stand for 7 days, and then reslurried. The results are shown in Fig.

As shown in Fig. 5, it is shown that the marbling color was not discolored in all three vessels. Therefore, even when the composition of the present invention is applied to actual landfilling, it can be understood that there is no phenomenon that the leachate is discharged again even if it comes into contact with a large amount of rainfall or groundwater.

Claims (8)

A paper sludge ash having a calcium oxide (CaO) content of 47 to 58%, the microparticles containing less than 50 탆 in an amount of 45% or more based on the total weight of 100% By weight based on 100 parts by weight of the paper ash ash,
Wherein the blast furnace slag cement comprises 5 to 20 parts by weight of a blast furnace slag cement comprising Portland cement and blast furnace slag, wherein the blast furnace slag cement comprises blast furnace slag in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight based on the total weight thereof A composition for the disposal of domestic animals. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the paper sludge incineration ash and the solidification promoter each have a specific surface area of 3,000 to 6,000 cm 2 / g. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The solidification promoter may further include fly ash cement, wherein the fly ash cement includes Portland cement and fly ash, and contains fly ash in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the fly ash cement Wherein the composition is for sale. 1) a paper sludge ash having a calcium oxide (CaO) content of 47 to 58% according to the above item 1, the fine sludge containing aspartic acid in an amount of 45% or more based on 100% Based on 100 parts by weight of paper-making sludge incineration ash containing not more than 34% of fine particles,
Wherein the blast furnace slag cement comprises 5 to 20 parts by weight of a blast furnace slag cement comprising Portland cement and blast furnace slag, wherein the blast furnace slag cement comprises blast furnace slag in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight based on the total weight thereof Preparing a composition for plowing a domestic animal;
2) digging the burrows;
3) covering the bottom and the wall surface of the buried hole with an impermeable material having a thickness of 0.2 mm or more;
4) placing the composition on the impermeable material covered on the bottom of the buried hole in the buried hole in an amount of at least twice the weight of the buried animal carcass, and then injecting the buried animal carcass;
5) placing the composition on the buried animal carcass in an amount of at least 1 times the weight of the burial animal carcass; And
6) The method according to any one of the above items 1 to 5, wherein the composition is mixed with the soil and the soil is mixed with the soil so that the soil is at least 1.5 m above the ground surface. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the composition and the soil are mixed at a weight ratio of 0.3 to 1: 1 in the step 6).

Images