KR101591634B1 - Spray nozzle, and burner and combustion device equipped with same - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a spray nozzle capable of promoting atomization of a spraying fluid and capable of both reducing the amount of use of the spraying medium and reducing the pressing force. The spray nozzle according to the present invention comprises at least two atomizing fluid flow paths through which a spraying fluid flows, at least two atomizing medium flow paths through which a spraying medium flows, and which merges with the respective atomizing fluid flow paths at a first merging portion, At least two mixed fluids having a second merging portion in which the mixed fluid of the atomizing medium and the atomizing medium merged at the first merging portion are formed opposite to each other with the flow and the mixed fluid is a confluent flow and confronts and merges, And an outlet hole through which the mixed fluid merged at the second merging section is ejected, wherein the mixed fluid flow path includes a flow path of the mixed fluid between the first merging section and the second merging section, And a bent portion in which a direction is changed is formed.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a spray nozzle and a burner having the spray nozzle,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spray nozzle, a burner having the spray nozzle, and a combustion apparatus, and more particularly to a spray nozzle suitable for atomizing a spray fluid (liquid) using a spraying medium .

BACKGROUND ART [0002] Generally, in a combustion apparatus having a high output and a high load, such as a boiler for power generation, a floating combustion system in which fuel is horizontally combusted is widely employed. When the liquid fuel is used as the fuel, the fuel is atomized by the spray nozzle, and the inside of the furnace of the combustion apparatus is floated and burned.

The above-described spray nozzle is provided in a combustion apparatus using a solid fuel such as pulverized coal as a main fuel in addition to a combustion apparatus using a liquid fuel as a main fuel, and is provided for combustion of an auxiliary fuel for startup or flame stabilization many.

In the combustion of the liquid fuel, if the diameter of the atomized particle is large, the combustion reaction is delayed, and combustion efficiency is lowered, sold-out, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide are liable to be generated. Further, when the liquid fuel is poorly mixed with the combustion air and the combustion air around the spray particles is insufficient, soldering or carbon monoxide tends to be generated.

Therefore, in the combustion of the liquid fuel, it is necessary to pay attention to the atomization and the mixing of the combustion air.

In addition, in a high-output and high-load combustion apparatus, a so-called large capacity is also required in which the spray amount of the liquid fuel per spray nozzle is increased.

As a type of atomizing nozzle, there is an atomizing atomizing system in which, besides the atomizing fluid, air or steam is supplied as a spraying medium for atomizing and mixed with a spraying fluid to atomize the atomizing nozzle.

This air jet spraying system is generally used in a high-load combustion apparatus such as a boiler for power generation, because atomization is good even in a large-volume spray, as compared with spraying only a spraying fluid. However, Or to reduce the amount of pressurization of the spraying medium.

For example, when steam is used as the spraying medium, the steam introduced into the combustion apparatus becomes moisture in the combustion exhaust gas. When the amount of exhaust gas is increased by this moisture, the thermal efficiency in the combustion apparatus is lowered.

Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the amount of steam used within a range that does not hinder the atomization of the liquid fuel. Further, the spraying fluid or the spraying medium is pressurized to ignite the powder, but the energy consumption can be reduced by reducing the amount of pressurization.

In order to solve the above problems, in the air atomization system, a mixing method of a spraying medium has been studied.

Among them, an example in which the mixed fluid after the mixing of the spraying fluid and the spraying medium is supplied in the vicinity of the outlet hole provided at the tip end of the spraying nozzle and the flow of the opposing mixed fluid is made to collide to promote atomization is disclosed in Patent Document 1 .

In the above-described Patent Document 1, the spraying medium is mixed with the spraying fluid in the flow passage on the upstream side of the spray nozzle outlet hole, and the mixed fluid is collided in the vicinity of the outlet hole. By making the mixed fluid of the spraying medium and the spraying fluid, the impact force of the spraying fluid becomes stronger and finer than that of the spraying fluid alone.

As a method for achieving both a large capacity for increasing the spray amount of the liquid fuel per atomizing nozzle and an atomizing of the liquid fuel, a method of increasing the exit holes provided at the tip of the atomizing nozzle is generally used. By increasing the outlet holes of the spray nozzles, it is possible to increase the capacity without enlarging the sizes of the individual outlet holes.

As an example of a spray nozzle having a plurality of outlet holes of this spray nozzle, Patent Document 2 can be cited. Patent Document 2 discloses an example of a so-called intermediate mixing type spray nozzle in which a spraying fluid and a spraying medium are mixed in the middle of a flow path.

An example of a so-called internal mixing type spray nozzle in which a spraying fluid and a spraying medium are mixed in a space on the upstream side of a spraying nozzle outlet hole is described in Patent Document 3. [

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-239299 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-112905 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-186112

In the air atomizing nozzle described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, a flow path for the spraying fluid (liquid) and a flow path for the spraying medium (gas) are provided at the outer peripheral position in the spraying nozzle. The flow direction of the spraying fluid and the spraying medium is changed by the partition wall surrounding the outlet hole provided at the distal end of the spraying nozzle and the flow paths are crossed so that the spraying fluid and the spraying medium are mixed, And is arranged opposite to the vicinity of the exit hole of the spray nozzle.

At this time, the spraying fluid is atomized by the following three effects.

(1) Atomization due to collision of the flow path of the spraying fluid with the flow path of the spraying medium and collision with the partition at the confluence portion where the two flow together.

(2) atomization by mixing the spraying fluid with the spraying medium.

(3) atomization caused by the confluent fluid flowing in confrontation colliding in the vicinity of the exit hole of the spray nozzle.

However, the above-mentioned items (1) and (2) are those in which one side is strengthened and the other is weakened, and these are the opposite items. That is, if the effect of (1) is enhanced by increasing the momentum of the spraying fluid, the momentum of the spraying medium is relatively weaker than that of the spraying fluid, and the mixing is delayed, so that the effect of (2) is weakened. On the other hand, if the flow rate or the flow velocity of the spraying medium is increased and the effect of (2) is enhanced, the spraying fluid hardly collides with the partition wall, and the effect of (1) becomes weak.

Further, there is a problem that after the mixing of the spraying fluid and the spraying medium, the distance from the outlet hole of the spraying nozzle to the jetting out is short, so that it is difficult for both to be uniformly mixed. When the two are not mixed uniformly, the atomization becomes worse at a portion where the proportion of the spraying medium is small. In this case, it is necessary to increase the use amount of the spraying medium or to increase the pressing force for promoting atomization.

Next, a problem of increasing the volume of spraying of the liquid fuel per spray nozzle by the spray gun is the deterioration of atomization performance and the clogging of the flow path when a part of the spray nozzle outlet hole is closed.

Hereinafter, the above-described Patent Documents 2 and 3 will be described as an example.

That is, in the case of the intermediate mixing type disclosed in Patent Document 2, when one of the spray nozzle outlet holes is occluded or partially obstructed by impurities or sediments in the spraying fluid or the spraying medium, the spraying fluid Or the flow path of the spraying medium is stopped or delayed.

When the flow of the spraying fluid or the flow path of the spraying medium is stopped or delayed, the liquid fuel flowing as the spraying fluid is heated by radiant heat from the inside of the combustion apparatus, and solid matters in the liquid fuel may be precipitated. When the solid content in the liquid fuel is precipitated, the flow path is blocked, and the block section extends to the upstream side of the flow path, which makes maintenance difficult.

On the other hand, in the case of the inner mixing type disclosed in Patent Document 3, even if one of the spray nozzle outlet holes is closed, the spraying fluid or the spraying medium is ejected from the other outlet hole, so the possibility of clogging up to the upstream side flow passage is small.

However, in Patent Document 3, since the space (mixing chamber) where the spraying fluid and the spraying medium are mixed is wide, when the part of the spraying nozzle outlet hole is closed, the flow state in the mixing chamber is changed to change the ratio of the spraying fluid to the spraying medium It is difficult to keep constant.

Therefore, there is a problem that the proportion of the spraying medium in the mixed fluid varies depending on the spray nozzle outlet hole, and the atomization characteristics are also changed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the foregoing points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spray nozzle capable of both promoting atomization of a spraying fluid and reducing the amount of use of a spraying medium and reducing the pressing force, Device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spray nozzle comprising at least two atomizing fluid flow paths through which a spraying fluid flows, at least two atomizing mediums flowing in the atomizing medium, A flow path and a mixed fluid of the atomizing medium and the atomizing medium merging at the respective first merging sections are formed so as to face each other together with the flow, and the second merging section in which the mixed fluid makes a confluent flow, And an outlet hole through which the mixed fluid merged at the second merging section is ejected, wherein the mixed fluid channel is provided with at least two mixing fluid passages which are provided between the first merging section and the second merging section And a bent portion in which a flow direction of the mixed fluid is changed is formed.

In order to achieve the above object, the burner of the present invention is a burner that uses a liquid fuel as a fuel, uses the spray nozzle having the above-described configuration, supplies the liquid fuel as the spray fluid to the tip of the spray nozzle, A fuel nozzle for spraying the liquid fuel and a solid fuel, a spray nozzle for spraying the liquid fuel, and a spray nozzle for spraying the solid fuel or the liquid fuel to the front end of the spray nozzle as the spraying medium, Wherein the atomizing nozzle is used as the atomizing nozzle, and the liquid fuel is supplied to the tip of the atomizing nozzle as the atomizing fluid, and the atomizing nozzle is provided with a vapor or a compression And the air is supplied to the tip of the spray nozzle as the spraying medium.

In order to achieve the above object, a combustion apparatus according to the present invention for burning a solid fuel and a liquid fuel includes a combustion furnace for burning fuel, a solid fuel supply system for supplying the solid fuel to the combustion furnace, A liquid fuel supply system for supplying a liquid fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying a combustion gas to the combustion furnace, and a fuel supply system for supplying the combustion gas to the combustion furnace, A plurality of burners for burning the solid fuel and the liquid fuel installed on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace; a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace; , And one of the burners is characterized by using the burner having the above-described configuration.

According to the present invention, there is an effect that both the atomization of the atomizing fluid and the reduction of the amount of use of the atomizing medium and the reduction of the pressing force can be achieved.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a burner using a spray nozzle of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a combustion apparatus provided with a spray nozzle of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a spray nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 3; Fig.
Fig. 5 shows an example of the atomization performance in the first embodiment of the atomizing nozzle of the present invention, and is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the angle of bend change of the mixed fluid passage, the average particle diameter of the atomizing powder, and the pressure loss ratio.
6 is a cross-sectional view of a spray nozzle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of Fig. 6. Fig.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the spray nozzle front end showing Embodiment 3 of the spray nozzle of the present invention.
9 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in Fig.
10 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in Fig.

Hereinafter, a spray nozzle, a burner having the spray nozzle, and a combustion apparatus according to the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments. In each embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same components.

[Example 1]

Fig. 1 shows an example of a burner equipped with the spray nozzle of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows an example of a combustion device provided with the burner.

1, the burner 20 of the present embodiment has a central axis 21 through which a spray nozzle 1, a spraying fluid (liquid fuel), and a spraying medium (such as steam or compressed air) And an obstacle 22 for flame stabilization is provided in the vicinity of the tip of the central shaft 21. From the atomizing nozzle 1, fuel is sprayed to form a fan-shaped spray 23. Further, as the obstacle 22, a swirling flow generator or a baffle plate having slits is generally used.

On the other hand, the combustion air is supplied separately from the window box 24 into three flow paths. That is, the three flow paths are the primary flow path 25, the secondary flow path 26 and the tertiary flow path 27 from the side close to the atomizing nozzle 1 at the center of the burner 20, The primary air 28, the secondary air 29 and the tertiary air 30 are spouted into the furnace 31 as combustion air from the secondary passage 26, the secondary passage 26, and the tertiary passage 27, will be.

Further, the direction of blowing air for combustion is changed by the vortical flow generators 32, 33 and the guide plate 34, and generation of soldering and NOx is suppressed. The flow rate of the combustion air is controlled by a damper (not shown) provided in each flow path.

The burner 20 is connected to the furnace wall 35 and the furnace wall 35 is provided with a heat transfer tube 36 for heat recovery. 2, two burners 20 are provided in the furnace wall 35, and each burner 20 is provided with a combustion air supply system 41 and a liquid fuel A supply system 42 and a spraying medium supply system 43 are connected.

In the present embodiment, the combustion air supply system 41 is branched into a pipe 45 connected to the burner 20 and a pipe 46 connected to the air supply port 44 on the downstream side thereof, A flow rate control valve (not shown) is connected to the piping 45, A feeder (not shown) for adjusting the pressure or flow rate is connected to each of the liquid fuel supply system 42 and the spraying medium supply system 43, and a spray nozzle 1 Is installed.

The present embodiment is characterized in that the spray nozzle 1 is provided with a bent portion whose flow direction changes in the mixed fluid flow path between the mixing portion for mixing the spraying fluid and the spraying medium and the outlet hole.

Hereinafter, the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 3 and 4. Fig.

3, the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 in the present embodiment are connected to the independent spraying fluid channels 4 and 5 constituting the spraying nozzle 1 and the spraying medium channels 6 and 7 And is mixed in the middle of the spray fluid flow paths 4, 5. The mixed fluid 8 of the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 passes through the mixed fluid flow passages 9 and 10 which are opposed to each other and collide with each other in the vicinity of the outlet hole 11 of the spraying nozzle 1. [ And is ejected from the exit hole 11.

The mixed fluid 8 ejected from the exit hole 11 is ejected at a right angle to the flow direction of the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 by the impact near the exit hole 11 A fan-shaped spray is formed. A groove 12 is formed in the outlet hole 11 of the atomizing nozzle 1 in the same direction as the direction in which the fan type spray is formed and the intersection of the groove 12 and the mixed fluid flow paths 9, (11).

The spraying fluid 2 is atomized by mixing with the spraying medium 3 and becomes a thin liquid film by the collision of the mixed fluid 8 in the outlet hole 11, The liquid film is divided and atomized by the shearing force with the gas.

The spraying method in which atomizing is performed by the impact force of the fluid is generally referred to as fan spraying spraying.

In the case of the fan spray type spraying, the mixed fluid 8 flowing through the mixed fluid flow paths 9, 10 opposed to each other collides with each other in the vicinity of the exit hole 11, so that it is diffused in the perpendicular direction, . Particularly, in the outer peripheral portion of the spray, the spray is liable to be diffused and a thin liquid film is formed, so that fine particles (less than 100 mu m in diameter) are increased. Since the momentum is low, the fine particles tend to be stored in the vicinity of the spray nozzle. Particles (hereinafter referred to as fine particles) that have been finely divided into particles of less than 100 mu m in diameter, and possibly 50 mu m or less in diameter have a large surface area occupying the volume and are likely to be burned by heating due to heat radiation from the furnace.

Thus, by keeping these fine particles in the vicinity of the atomizing nozzle 1, the atomization of the atomization is accelerated, contributing to the stabilization of the flame and the promotion of the combustion reaction.

In addition, the degree of atomization can be adjusted by the pressure of the mixed fluid or the amount of the atomizing medium (ratio of the atomizing medium to the atomizing fluid).

On the other hand, since the central portion of the fan spray type spray has a large flow rate with respect to the outer peripheral portion, and the spray is difficult to diffuse, a thick liquid film is formed as compared with the outer peripheral portion. As a result, large particles (100 to 300 mu m in diameter) are many. The large particles have a higher momentum than the fine particles and are easily mixed with the combustion air flowing in the spaced positions, but the combustion reaction is delayed as compared with the fine particles.

Thereby, it is necessary to promote atomization by not only the impact of the mixed fluid but also the mixing with the spraying medium.

However, since the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 have different densities and viscosities, they may be difficult to mix. Particularly, when the mixed fluid flow passages 9 and 10 are short and straight, it is considered that they flow to the outlet hole 11 in a state where they are not mixed.

In this case, the portion of the mixed fluid 8 having a high proportion of the spraying medium 3 is atomized, but the portion having a low proportion of the spraying medium 3 is not atomized and large particles are likely to be generated.

Therefore, the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that, in the above-described flow path configuration, a portion of the spray nozzle 2 which is formed so as to face each other from the portion where the flow path of the spraying fluid 2 and the flow path of the spraying medium 3 (the first merging portion) Bending portions 13 and 14 are formed in the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 between the outlet holes 11 in the portion where the mixed fluid 8 flows in the fluid flow paths 9 and 10 It is installed.

By providing the bent portions 13 and 14 in the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10, the flow direction of the mixed fluid 8 is changed. As a result, the flow of the mixed fluid flow paths 9, 10 is disturbed and mixing of the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 constituting the mixed fluid 8 proceeds.

The proportion of the atomizing medium 3 in the mixed fluid 8 becomes uniform and the atomization proceeds uniformly by mixing them uniformly. Therefore, the amount of the atomizing medium 3 necessary for promotion of atomization can be suppressed, The atomization can be maintained even if the pressure applied to the spraying medium 2 or the spraying medium 3 is reduced.

Further, the changing angle of the flow direction in the bent portions 13, 14 is preferably 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or so in order to cause disturbance. That is, when the angle of change is less than 30 degrees, the change in the flow direction is small, so that the disturbance is small and the mixing is not easily promoted, and when the angle of change is 120 degrees or more, the pressure loss due to the change in flow becomes large.

Fig. 5 shows an example of atomization performance of the atomizing nozzle 1 according to the present embodiment. The vertical axis on the left side in the drawing represents the average particle diameter of the spray, the vertical axis on the right side represents the ratio of the pressure loss, and the axis of abscissa represents the angle of change in the flow direction in the curved portions 13 and 14, respectively. The pressure loss was based on the angle of change of 90 degrees.

The average particle diameter of the spray is larger in the long side direction and the short side direction passing through the central axis of the fan type spray at a position 300 mm downstream of the spray nozzle 1 with respect to the fan type spray ejected from the outlet hole 11 The particle diameter of the spray is measured by optical measurement, and the average value is expressed by the body area average particle diameter.

As shown in Fig. 5, when the changing angle of the flow direction in the bent portions 13 and 14 is narrowed by 20 degrees, the average particle diameter of the spray is larger by about 10 mu m than the changing angle of 30 degrees. This is because, when the bending portions 13 and 14 are at a small angle, the change in the flow direction is small, so that the bending is less and the mixing is hardly promoted. On the other hand, at an angle of 120 degrees or more, the pressure loss due to a change in flow becomes large.

As a result, it can be seen that the angle of change for generating the disturbance in the flow direction in the bent portions 13 and 14 is preferably 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or so.

Since the mixing portion of the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying fluid channels 4 and 5 of the spraying medium 3 and the spraying medium flow paths 6 and 7 promotes the mixing of both, It is preferable to merge. That is, since the change in the flow direction is small at an angle smaller than 30 degrees and the both flow in parallel, mixing is not promoted easily, and mixing occurs at an angle of 90 degrees or more.

In the atomizing nozzle 1 of this embodiment, the surface area per unit weight of the liquid fuel is increased due to atomization, so that the combustion reaction progresses and the unburned fraction at the outlet of the combustion apparatus, the solder, and the carbon monoxide are reduced, have. Further, by accelerating the combustion reaction, the consumption of oxygen proceeds and the generation of nitrogen oxides can be suppressed. In addition, unburned fraction, sold out, and carbon monoxide are reduced, whereby excess air to be supplied to the combustion apparatus can be reduced. Further, when the surplus air is reduced, the amount of combustion exhaust gas is also lowered, and the sensible heat emitted outside the combustion apparatus together with the combustion exhaust gas is reduced, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency.

By suppressing the use amount of the spraying medium or by reducing the pressure, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption amount used for each supply or pressing force. In addition, when steam is used as the spraying medium, the thermal efficiency in the combustion apparatus by the steam injected into the combustion apparatus is lowered. However, even if the amount of steam used is reduced by using the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment, So that it is possible to prevent deterioration of thermal efficiency.

In this embodiment, the case where the liquid fuel is used as the combustion device is shown. However, the present invention is also applicable to a case where solid fuel such as pulverized coal is used as the main fuel and liquid fuel is used as the auxiliary fuel. In this case, when the liquid fuel is sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 1 into the furnace 31, the above-mentioned effect is obtained.

2, the combustion air is branched into the pipes 45 and 46, and is blown into the furnace 31 from the burner 20 and the air supply port 44, respectively . As described above, by supplying the air for combustion in a divided manner, the temperature of the flame formed by the burner 20 can be reduced.

In addition, when the fuel is burned in the vicinity of the burner 20 in the state of lack of air, a part of the nitrogen content contained in the fuel is generated as a reducing agent, and a reaction occurs in which NOx generated in the combustion is reduced to nitrogen.

Therefore, the NOx concentration at the outlet of the furnace 31 is reduced as compared with the case where all the combustion air is supplied from the burner 20. Further, by supplying the remaining combustion air from the air supply port 44 to completely burn the fuel, the unburned fraction can be reduced.

The combustion gas 47 mixed with the combustion air from the air supply port 44 passes through the flue 49 through the upper heat exchanger 48 of the furnace 31 and flows from the flue 50 to the atmosphere Lt; / RTI >

In the example of the combustion apparatus shown in Fig. 2, the example in which the combustion air is branched to the pipes 45 and 46 is shown. However, when the combustion air is supplied only from the burner 20 without branching, An exemplary spray nozzle 1 can be applied. 1 and 2 show the case where the burner 20 is installed on one wall surface of the furnace 31. However, the present invention is also applicable to a case where the burner 20 is installed on a plurality of wall surfaces or a case where the burner 20 is installed on a corner portion of a wall have.

By providing a bent portion between the atomizing nozzle and the outlet port of the flow path of the mixed fluid in which the spraying fluid and the spraying medium are mixed, the flow direction of the mixed fluid is changed, The flow is disturbed, and mixing of the spraying fluid and the spraying medium proceeds. In addition, since the two are uniformly mixed, the proportion of the spraying medium in the mixed fluid becomes uniform and the atomization progresses uniformly.

As a result, the amount of the spraying medium required for promoting atomization can be suppressed, and even if the pressure applied to the spraying fluid or the spraying medium is reduced, atomization can be maintained.

[Example 2]

6 and 7 show Embodiment 2 of the spray nozzle of the present invention. The present embodiment shown in the drawing has a plurality of second merging sections in which a plurality of outlet holes are formed in the spray nozzle 1 and a mixed fluid flowing through the mixed fluid flow paths formed to face each other is merged, And a communication channel for connecting the plurality of second merging sections between the first merging section and the second merging section in which the flow paths of the media are merged.

That is, the difference between the present embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the spray nozzle 1 has a plurality of outlet holes 11A and 11B and the flow path structure on the upstream side of the outlet holes 11A and 11B. Here, the description will focus on the portion relating to the flow path structure.

6 shows a case in which two outlet holes are provided, and the subscripts A and B are distinguished from each other, but the configuration is the same even when a plurality of outlet holes are formed.

The spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 are separated from each other by the independent spraying fluid flow paths 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B and the spraying medium flow paths 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B at the tip end portion of the spraying nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in Figs. Passes through the first confluence portions 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B and is mixed at the first confluent portion through the bent portions 13A, 13B, 14A, 14B. The mixed fluid 8 of the atomizing fluid 2 and the mist spraying medium 3 passes through the mixed fluid flow paths 9A, 9B, 10A and 10B flowing in opposite directions and flows through the outlet holes 11A and 11B , And are ejected from the respective exit holes 11A and 11B.

The mixed fluid 8 ejected from the exit holes 11A and 11B is moved in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the mixed fluid flow paths 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B Form a fan-shaped spray. Grooves 12A and 12B are formed in the outlet holes 11A and 11B of the spray nozzle 1 in the same direction as the direction of formation of the fan type spray and the grooves 12A and 12B and the mixed fluid passages 9A and 9B , 10A, and 10B are the exit holes 11A and 11B.

In the present embodiment, the mixed fluid flow paths 10A and 10B at the center are connected to the outlet holes 11A and 11B by a communication tube (communication flow path) 60 for connecting them to each other. The mixed fluid passages 9A and 9B on the outer circumferential side are connected to the outlet holes 11A and 11B by a branch pipe (communication passage) 61 (see Fig. 7) for connecting them to each other.

The spraying fluid 2 is atomized by mixing with the spraying medium 3 and becomes a thin liquid film due to the collision of the mixed fluid 8 in the outlet holes 11A and 11B and flows out from the outlet holes 11A and 11B Then, the liquid film is divided and atomized by the shear force with the surrounding gas. The liquid film is atomized by the impinging force of the fluid and the bending parts 13 and 14 are provided in the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 as in the case of the first embodiment so that the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 Mixing is promoted and atomization proceeds.

It is possible to increase the ejection amount from the atomizing nozzle 1 without increasing the ejection amount from one exit hole by the so-called repelling which increases the exit hole of the atomizing nozzle 1. As a problem of increasing the discharge amount from the atomizing nozzle 1, there is a problem of deterioration of atomization performance and occlusion of the flow path when a part of the outlet hole is closed.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, when a part of the outlet holes 11A and 11B is closed or partially blocked by impurities or sediments in the spraying fluid 2 or the spraying medium 3, The flow of the mixed fluid 8, the spray fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 flows through the branch pipe 61 in the flow path of the mixed fluid 8 connected to the spraying medium 3, And each flow path is maintained in temperature by the fluid.

For example, when the outlet hole 11A is closed for any reason, a part of the mixed fluid flow path 9A connected to the outlet hole 11A close to the outlet hole 11A or a part of the mixed fluid flow path 10A ), The flow stops.

However, the mixed fluid 8 flows to the outlet hole 11B through the branch pipe 61 on the upstream side of the mixed fluid passage 9A and the spraying fluid passage 4A and the spraying medium passage 6A. Further, in the mixed fluid passage 10A, the spray fluid passage 5A and the spraying medium passage 7A located upstream thereof, the fluid flows to the outlet hole 11B through the communication pipe 60. [

This causes the mixed fluid 8 to flow from the plurality of flow paths into the outlet hole 11B to reduce the resistance in the flow path and to increase the flow rate so that the spray fluid 2 due to the clogging of the outlet hole 11A, Can be suppressed.

When the liquid fuel flowing as the spraying fluid 2 is heated, precipitation of solid matter occurs, and precipitation of the solid matter causes clogging of the flow path. In the spraying nozzle 1 of this embodiment, however, ), It is possible to keep the flow toward the opening that is open, so that the occlusion does not easily proceed.

That is, even if a part of the outlet hole is closed, the portion of the obstruction from the outlet hole to the branch pipe 61 is easily removed. For example, in the case where the above-described outlet hole 11A is closed, the blockage portion strikes a portion of the mixed fluid flow paths 9A and 10A close to the outlet hole 11A.

In the spraying nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 are separately mixed in the mixing portion in the flow path so that the ratio of the spraying medium 3 to the mixing fluid 8 is . As a result, the atomization characteristics of the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the respective exit holes can be kept constant.

As described above, in the present embodiment, even when a part of the outlet holes are closed, the atomization characteristics of the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the normal exit holes can be kept constant. In addition, since the obstruction of the flow path is limited to a part, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of the spraying fluid 2 ejected from the spraying nozzle 1.

As a result, atomization of the mixed fluid 8 can be maintained, so that the amount of the spraying medium 3 to be used can be suppressed. Further, even when the pressing force of the spraying fluid 2 or the spraying medium 3 is increased in order to supplement the spraying amount, the increase of the pressing force can be suppressed.

As described above, since the surface area per unit weight of the liquid fuel is increased due to the atomization of the mixed fluid 8, the combustion reaction progresses and the unburned fraction at the outlet of the combustion apparatus, the solder, and the carbon monoxide are reduced, . Further, by accelerating the combustion reaction, the consumption of oxygen proceeds and the generation of nitrogen oxides can be suppressed.

In addition, unburned fraction, sold out, and carbon monoxide are reduced, whereby excess air to be supplied to the combustion apparatus can be reduced. If the surplus air is reduced, the amount of combustion exhaust gas is also lowered, and the sensible heat emitted outside the combustion apparatus together with the combustion exhaust gas is reduced, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency.

Further, by suppressing the amount of use of the spraying medium 3 and by reducing the pressure, it is possible to reduce the amount of energy consumption used for each supply or pressing force. When the steam is used as the spraying medium 3, the thermal efficiency in the combustion apparatus by the steam injected into the combustion apparatus is lowered. However, when the spraying nozzle 1 of this embodiment is used, The atomization of the fluid 8 can be kept equal to that of the prior art, so that a decrease in thermal efficiency can be prevented.

[Example 3]

8 to 10 show a third embodiment of the spray nozzle of the present invention. In the present embodiment shown in the figure, a plurality of outlet holes are provided in the atomizing nozzle 1, and a plurality of mixed fluid channels are formed in the downstream of the first merging portion where the flow path of the atomizing medium and the mist- And the branching mixed fluid flow path forms a flow path connected to each of the other outlet holes.

That is, the difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment is the flow path structure on the upstream side of the outlet holes 11A and 11B. Here, the description will focus on the portion relating to the flow path structure. Although Figs. 8 to 10 show the case of having two outlet holes 11A and 11B in the upper and lower directions, the configuration is also the same when a plurality of outlet holes are formed.

The spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 are separated from each other by the independent spraying fluid channels 4A and 4B and the spraying medium channels 6A and 6B at the tip end portion of the spraying nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in Fig. And is mixed at the first confluence. The mixed fluid 8 of the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 passes through the mixed fluid channels 9A and 9B.

The mixed fluid flow paths 9A and 9B are branched on the way and branch to the annular mixed fluid flow paths 9C, 9D, 9E and 9F indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 8 and are directed toward the exit holes 11A and 11B, The mixed fluid 8 flows.

The outlet holes 11A and 11B of the atomizing nozzle 1 in this embodiment are provided concentrically with respect to the center axis of the atomizing nozzle 1 and the branched mixed fluid flow paths 9C, 9D, 9E, 9F to the second confluence are formed in a columnar shape with respect to the central axis of the atomizing nozzle 1. [

Then, the mixed fluid 8 collides in the vicinity of the exit holes 11A and 11B which are the second confluent portion, and is ejected from the exit holes 11A and 11B. The mixed fluid 8 ejected from the exit holes 11A and 11B is discharged in the direction of flow of the mixed fluid flow paths 9C, 9D, 9E and 9F (circumferential direction in FIG. 8) To form a spray.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the spray is formed in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the spray nozzle 1.

Grooves 12A and 12B are formed in the exit holes 11A and 11B of the spray nozzle 1 in the same direction as the direction of formation of the fan type spray (radial direction), and the groove portions 12A and 12B and the mixed fluid passage The crossing portions become the exit holes 11A and 11B.

The spraying fluid 2 is atomized by mixing with the spraying medium 3 and is made into a thin liquid film by the collision of the mixed fluid 8 in the outlet holes 11A and 11B and from the outlet holes 11A and 11B The liquid film is divided and atomized by the shear force with the surrounding gas after the ejection.

As shown in the first and second embodiments, by providing the bent portions 13 and 14 in the mixed fluid flow path, the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 ) Is promoted and the atomization proceeds.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in the second embodiment, a part of the outlet hole is blocked by impurities or sediments in the spraying fluid 2 or the spraying medium 3, The mixing fluid 8 and the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 are discharged from the flow path of the mixed fluid 8 connected to the corresponding outlet hole through the branch pipe 61 and toward the other opened outlet hole, And the temperature of each flow path is maintained by the fluid.

When the liquid fuel flowing as the spraying fluid 2 is heated, precipitation of solid matter occurs, and precipitation of the solid matter causes occlusion of the flow path. In the spraying nozzle 1 of this embodiment, however, It is possible to keep the flow toward the opening that is opened, so that the occlusion does not easily proceed.

That is, even if a part of the outlet hole is closed, the portion of the obstruction from the outlet hole to the branch pipe 61 is easily removed. For example, in the case where the outlet hole 11A described above is closed, the obstruction portion strikes the mixed fluid flow path 9C, 9E close to the outlet hole 11A in the mixed fluid flow path.

In the spraying nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the spraying fluid 2 and the spraying medium 3 are separately mixed in the mixing portion in the flow path so that the ratio of the spraying medium 3 to the mixing fluid 8 is So that the atomization characteristics of the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the individual exit holes can be kept constant.

As described above, also in this embodiment, the atomization characteristics of the mixed fluid ejected from the normal exit hole can be kept constant, even when some of the exit holes are closed, as in the second embodiment. In addition, since the obstruction of the flow path is limited to a part, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of the spraying fluid 2 ejected from the spraying nozzle 1.

As a result, atomization of the mixed fluid (8) can be maintained, so that the amount of the spraying medium (3) used can be suppressed. Further, even when the pressing force of the spraying fluid 2 or the spraying medium 3 is increased to compensate for the amount of ejection, the increase of the pressing force can be suppressed.

In the above-described embodiments 2 and 3, the case of two exit holes is shown as an example. However, the effect of forming a plurality of exit holes is as described above. In addition, when the atomizing nozzle 1 is incorporated in the combustion apparatus, it is possible to obtain the effect of promoting atomization, reducing the atomizing medium, and reducing the pressing force, as shown in the first embodiment.

It is needless to say that the combustion apparatus for burning the solid fuel and the liquid fuel has been described as the combustion apparatus of the above-described embodiment, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the combustion apparatus for burning the fossil fuel by replacing it with the solid fuel and the liquid fuel.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not limited to those having all the configurations described above. It is also possible to replace the constitution of another embodiment with a part of the constitution of any embodiment, and to add the constitution of another embodiment to the constitution of any embodiment. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, or substitute another configuration for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

1: Spray nozzle
2: Spray fluid
3: Spray medium
4, 4A, 4B, 5, 5A, 5B:
6, 6A, 6B, 7, 7A, 7B:
8: Mixed fluid
9, 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E, 9F, 10, 10A,
11, 11A, 11B: an outlet hole
12, 12A, 12B:
13, 13A, 13B, 14, 14A, 14B:
20: Burner
21: center axis
22: Obstacle
23: Spray
24: Window box
25: Primary flow
26: Secondary flow
27: Third flow
28: primary air
29: Secondary air
30: Third air
31: Brazier
32, 33: swirl generator
34: guide plate
35: Fire wall
36: Heat transfer pipe
41: combustion air supply system
42: Liquid fuel supply system
43: Spraying medium supply system
44: air supply port
45, 46: Piping
47: Combustion gas
48: Heat exchanger
49: Year
50: chimney
60: Liaison Officer
61: Branch organization

Claims (13)

At least two spraying fluid flow paths through which a spraying fluid flows and at least two spraying medium flow paths through which a spraying medium flows and which combine with the respective atomizing fluid flow paths at a first merging section; At least two mixed fluid flow passages having a second merging portion in which a mixed fluid of a spraying fluid and a spraying medium is formed so as to face each other with a flow and the mixed fluid collides with and flows into a confronting flow, And an outlet hole through which the mixed fluid,
Wherein the mixed fluid channel is provided with a bent portion in which a flow direction of the mixed fluid is changed between the first merging portion and the second merging portion. A spray nozzle for spraying and atomizing a spraying fluid, the atomizing nozzle having a spraying fluid passage and a spraying medium passage at an inlet of the spraying nozzle, wherein the spraying fluid passage and the spraying medium passage are connected to each other, And a plurality of mixed fluid flow paths through which the mixed fluid in which the spraying fluid and the spraying medium are mixed flows in the atomizing nozzle and a part of the mixed fluid flow path is opposed to each other to flow the mixed fluid, And an outlet hole for discharging the mixed fluid merged at the second merging section to a downstream portion of the second merging section, wherein the second merging section has a second merging section in which an opposite flow collides and merges at the outlet of the atomizing nozzle,
Wherein the mixed fluid flow path has a bent portion formed between the first merging portion and the second merging portion such that a flow direction of the mixed fluid is changed. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the bent portion formed in the mixed fluid flow path between the first merging portion and the second merging portion has an angle of change of 30 to 120 degrees in the flow direction of the mixed fluid. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the atomizing nozzle has a plurality of outlet holes and has a plurality of second merging sections and a communication channel for connecting the plurality of second merging sections between the first merging section and the second merging section Features a spray nozzle. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the two communication fluid passages located at the center of the atomizing nozzle include a communication pipe for connecting the two mixing fluid passages to each other up to the outlet hole and two mixing fluid passages located on the outer peripheral side of the atomizing nozzle, And a branch pipe connecting the two to each other to the outlet hole. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
A plurality of exit holes are formed in the atomizing nozzle and a plurality of the mixed fluid flow paths are branched at a downstream side of the first merging portion and the branched mixed fluid flow paths are connected to the different exit holes respectively Wherein the spray nozzle is a spray nozzle. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the outlet port of the atomizing nozzle is provided concentrically with respect to the central axis of the atomizing nozzle and the flow path from the branched mixed fluid flow path to the second merging portion is formed in a circle Wherein the nozzle is formed in the shape of a cylinder. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein a groove portion is formed in an exit hole of the atomizing nozzle in the same direction as a forming direction of the atomizing spray from the atomizing nozzle. 9. The method of claim 8,
And the crossing portion of the groove portion and the mixed fluid passage is the outlet hole. 1. A burner that uses liquid fuel as fuel,
The spray nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid fuel is supplied to the front end of the atomizing nozzle as the atomizing fluid, and steam or compressed air is supplied to the front end of the atomizing nozzle as the atomizing medium Features, burner. 1. A burner having a fuel nozzle for ejecting a solid fuel and a carrier gas thereof, a spray nozzle for spraying the liquid fuel, and a combustion gas nozzle for ejecting the solid fuel or the combustion gas for burning the liquid fuel,
The spray nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid fuel is supplied to the tip of the atomizing nozzle as the atomizing fluid, and steam or compressed air is supplied to the atomizing nozzle To the front end portion of the burner. A combustion device for burning a solid fuel and a liquid fuel,
A solid fuel supply system for supplying a solid fuel to the combustion furnace, a liquid fuel supply system for supplying a liquid fuel to the combustion furnace, and a burner for supplying a combustion gas to the combustion furnace A plurality of burners connected to the fuel supply system and the combustion gas supply system for burning the solid fuel or the liquid fuel installed on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace; And a cycle for supplying the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace,
Wherein one of the burners uses the burner according to claim 11. A combustion device for burning fossil fuel,
A fuel supply system for supplying fossil fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying a combustion gas to the combustion furnace, and a fuel supply system for supplying the combustion gas to the combustion gas supply system A burner for burning a fossil fuel that is connected to the system and installed on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace; a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace; and a heat exchanger for supplying the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace Have,
The burner according to claim 10, wherein the burner is a burner according to claim 10, which uses a liquid fuel as a fossil fuel.

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