WO2014142305A1

WO2014142305A1 - Spray nozzle, burner equipped with spray nozzle, and combustion device equipped with burner having spray nozzle

Info

Publication number: WO2014142305A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/056896
Authority: WO
Inventors: 折井　明仁; 洋文岡▲崎▼; 倉増　公治; 祐樹近藤
Original assignee: バブコック日立株式会社
Priority date: 2013-03-14
Filing date: 2014-03-14
Publication date: 2014-09-18
Also published as: WO2014141424A1

Abstract

A spray nozzle is equipped with a spray fluid flow path and a spray medium flow path, and is provided with first branch flow paths branching from the spray fluid flow path and second branch flow paths branching from the spray medium flow path. The first branch flow paths and the second branch flow paths are connected so as to cause mixed fluids (formed by mixing the spray fluid and the spray medium) to flow downstream. Multiple pairs of opposing-flow paths are provided, which cause the mixed fluids to oppose one another near the tip of the spray nozzle and to flow downstream and collide with one another, with these opposing-flow paths being connected to multiple outlet holes, thereby spraying the mixed fluids to the outside from the outlet holes. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas and liquid in the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed in the interior of the spray medium flow path, and branch parts that separate the flow path into multiple paths are provided downstream from the gas-liquid separation mechanism, with each of these branch parts being connected to a different outlet hole. Liquid fuel at the liquid outlet holes is sprayed with a high spray pressure and an appropriate gas-liquid ratio, and after spraying the liquid fuel easily mixes with combustion gas flowing at a separate location, so it is possible to suppress the generation of soot and CO, which are easily produced when the fuel concentration is high.

Description

Spray nozzle, burner with spray nozzle, and combustion apparatus with burner with spray nozzle

The present invention relates to a two-fluid spray nozzle that atomizes a spray fluid (liquid) with a spray medium (gas), and in particular, a spray nozzle that atomizes a liquid fuel spray fluid with a spray medium, and a spray The present invention relates to a burner having a nozzle and a combustion apparatus having a burner having a spray nozzle.

In a high-output, high-load combustion apparatus such as a power generation boiler, a floating combustion method in which fuel is horizontally burned in a furnace space (hereinafter referred to as a furnace) provided in a boiler that is a combustion apparatus is often used. When a liquid fuel such as fuel oil is burned as fuel, the fuel is atomized by a spray nozzle and floated in a furnace and burned.

Such a spray nozzle is used as a spray nozzle in a combustion apparatus using liquid fuel as a main fuel. Further, even in a combustion apparatus that uses solid fuel as the main fuel, such as pulverized coal, when liquid fuel is used for auxiliary combustion for start-up or flame stabilization, it is installed in the combustion apparatus and used as a spray nozzle.

By the way, in the combustion of liquid fuel, it is mainly required to satisfy the following three items.
(1) High combustion efficiency.
(2) Reduction of combustion emissions represented by soot, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
(3) Increase in the capacity of the spray nozzle with the increase in the size of the combustion device and stable combustion in a wide combustion load range.

For the above (1) and (2), it is desirable to properly atomize the liquid fuel by using a spray medium. If the atomization of the liquid fuel is poor, unburned residue increases, combustion efficiency decreases, and soot and carbon monoxide increase.

On the other hand, if the liquid fuel to be sprayed is made too fine, the mixing of the liquid fuel and the combustion air will not proceed, so dust and carbon monoxide will increase. Further, when the amount of spray medium used and the spray pressure are increased for atomizing the liquid fuel, the amount of energy used at that time increases.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-167471 (Patent Document 1) discloses a so-called intermediate mixing type or Y jet type spray nozzle that mixes liquid fuel and a spray medium in the middle of a flow path as an example of a spray nozzle. Has been.

The spray nozzle disclosed in Patent Document 1 is simple in shape and suitable for large capacity, but since the atomization characteristics vary depending on the flow rate of liquid fuel in particular, the operation state with good atomization performance may be narrow. It becomes a problem.

As a response to the increase in the capacity of the spray nozzle (3) and stable combustion in a wide load combustion range, Combustion Engineering Handbook, Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (1995), P165, FIG. 1 (Non-patent Document 1) A burner using a pilot burner or an ignition torch having a spray nozzle for forming a small-volume spray and a plurality of spray nozzles having a spray nozzle for spraying a larger amount of liquid fuel than the ignition torch is disclosed.

The burner disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 uses a small-volume spray nozzle when the amount of liquid fuel is small as in ignition, and a large-capacity spray nozzle when the amount of liquid fuel is large. Regardless of the load range, the spray pressure and the amount of spray medium used are adjusted so that atomization of the spray is within an appropriate range, thereby achieving both large capacity and stable combustion.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-181309 (Patent Document 2) discloses a spray nozzle that is an example of a method for handling a wide load range with one spray nozzle. In the spray nozzle disclosed in Patent Document 2, a configuration of the spray nozzle is disclosed in which a plurality of liquid fuel pipes are provided to the spray nozzle having a plurality of outlet holes, and each is connected to the outlet hole.

∙ At low load, use only a part of the outlet holes among the multiple liquid fuel pipes, and form spray from some of the outlet holes. In addition, the amount of liquid fuel input is increased by using a large number of liquid fuel pipes at a high load. Then, the number of outlet holes used in the spray nozzle is changed in accordance with the amount of liquid fuel used, so that one spray nozzle can handle a wide load range.

On the other hand, in the burner disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, the use of a plurality of spray nozzles increases the size of the device and complicates the operation. Operation time is required.

The spray nozzle disclosed in Patent Document 1 shows a method of atomizing liquid fuel even when the ratio of the spray medium is out of the proper range, but the momentum of the liquid fuel or spray medium is more than the design range. Under low load conditions, the energy of the fluid is lowered and the atomization performance is deteriorated. For this reason, the load range in which dust can be reduced is limited.

On the other hand, in the burner disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, since the apparatus becomes large and the structure becomes complicated as described above, the operation time increases accordingly.

Moreover, in the spray nozzle shown in Patent Document 2, there are a plurality of liquid fuel pipes to be connected, the number of pipes is increased, and the structure is complicated. In addition, it is necessary to perform a leak check of a plurality of liquid fuel pipes and a purge operation of the residues in the pipes before and after use, which increases the operation time.

JP-A 61-167471 JP 2002-181309 A

By the way, in the spray nozzle shown in patent document 1, although the method of aiming at atomization is shown even if the ratio of the spraying medium deviates from an appropriate range, the momentum of the liquid fuel and the spraying medium is lower than the design range. Under the load condition, the energy of the fluid is low and the atomization performance deteriorates. For this reason, there exists a subject that the load range which can reduce dust is limited.

In the burner shown in Non-Patent Document 1, as described above, the spray nozzle becomes large and the structure becomes complicated, so there is a problem that these operations have time.

Moreover, in the spray nozzle shown in Patent Document 2, there are a plurality of liquid fuel pipes connected to the spray nozzle, and the number of pipes increases, so that the weight increases and the structure becomes complicated. In addition, it is necessary to perform a leak check on a plurality of liquid fuel pipes and a purge operation for the residues in the pipes before and after use, which increases the operation time.

An object of the present invention is to sufficiently mix a finely mixed fluid and a combustion gas in which liquid fuel and a spray medium are mixed around a spray nozzle over a wide load range from a low load to a high load. It is possible to realize a combustion apparatus including a spray nozzle that suppresses the generation of dust and CO (carbon monoxide) combustion emissions, a burner that includes the spray nozzle, and a burner that includes the spray nozzle.

The spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. A spray nozzle that ejects a mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the spray nozzle, the first branch flow channel branched from the spray fluid flow channel downstream of the spray fluid flow channel and the spray medium flow channel branched from the spray medium flow channel downstream of the spray fluid flow channel. A second branch flow path is disposed, and the first branch flow path is disposed so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle. Spray fluid flowing down the path and the second branch flow path The mixed fluid mixed with the spraying medium flowing down is configured to flow down, and the mixing of the sprayed fluid and the spraying medium on the downstream side of the second branch channel near the tip of the spray nozzle. Plural pairs of opposed flow paths for causing the fluid to flow down and collide with each other are disposed, and the opposed flow path is formed in the outlet hole so that the mixed fluid collided in the opposed flow path is ejected from the outlet hole to the outside. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas and liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray medium flow path, and the flow path is branched into a plurality of downstream sides of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. A branching portion is provided, and the plurality of branching portions are connected to different outlet holes through the opposing flow paths arranged on the downstream side.

The spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. Spray that ejects a mixed fluid, which is a mixture of a spray fluid flowing through the provided spray fluid flow path and a spray medium flowing through the spray medium flow path, from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the nozzle, a first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel downstream of the spray fluid channel inside the spray nozzle and a branch from the spray medium channel downstream of the spray medium channel Each of the second branch flow paths is disposed so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected to each other inside the spray nozzle. Spray fluid flowing down the flow path and the second branch The mixed fluid mixed with the spraying medium flowing down the passage is configured to flow down, and the spraying fluid and the spraying medium are mixed on the downstream side of the second branch channel near the tip of the spraying nozzle. A plurality of opposed flow paths for causing the mixed fluid to flow down and collide with each other are disposed, and the opposed flow path is disposed at the outlet so that the mixed fluid collided in the opposed flow path is ejected to the outside from the outlet hole. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray fluid flow path, and the flow path is divided into a plurality of flow paths downstream of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. And a plurality of branch portions branched to each other are connected to different outlet holes through the opposed flow passages arranged on the downstream side.

The spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. Spray that ejects a mixed fluid, which is a mixture of a spray fluid flowing through the provided spray fluid flow path and a spray medium flowing through the spray medium flow path, from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the nozzle, a first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel downstream of the spray fluid channel inside the spray nozzle and a branch from the spray medium channel downstream of the spray medium channel Each of the second branched flow paths is disposed, and the first branched flow path and the second branched flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and the spray flows down the first branched flow path. A fluid and a jet flowing down the second branch channel A mixed fluid flow path in which the mixed fluid mixed with the medium for use flows down and is connected to the outlet hole is disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path, and the spray fluid is placed inside the spray medium flow path. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates gas and liquid from the spray medium is formed, and a branch portion that branches the flow path into a plurality of channels is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, and the branch portions that are branched into the plurality By connecting with a 2nd branch flow path, it was comprised so that it might connect with a different exit hole through the said mixed fluid flow path arrange | positioned downstream of the said 2nd branch flow path.

The spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. Spray that ejects a mixed fluid, which is a mixture of a spray fluid flowing through the provided spray fluid flow path and a spray medium flowing through the spray medium flow path, from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the nozzle, a first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel downstream of the spray fluid channel inside the spray nozzle and a branch from the spray medium channel downstream of the spray medium channel Each of the second branched flow paths is disposed, and the first branched flow path and the second branched flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and the spray flows down the first branched flow path. A fluid and a jet flowing down the second branch channel A mixed fluid flow path in which the mixed fluid mixed with the medium for use flows down and is connected to the outlet hole is disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path, and the spray fluid and the spray are disposed inside the spray fluid flow path. Forming a gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas and liquid from the working medium, and providing a branching portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of downstream sides of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, each of the branching portions branched into the plurality of By connecting to one branch flow path, it is configured to connect to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path.

The burner provided with the spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid, A mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is exposed to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle for jetting, wherein the spray nozzle is disposed in the spray nozzle at a downstream side of the spray fluid flow path downstream from the spray fluid flow path and at a downstream side of the spray medium flow path. A second branch flow path branched from the medium flow path, respectively, and disposed so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle; The spray fluid flowing down the first branch flow path and the The mixed fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the two branch flow paths flows down, and the spray fluid and the spray medium are arranged downstream of the second branch flow path near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of opposing flow paths for causing the mixed fluid to flow down and collide with each other, and the counter flow so as to eject the mixed fluid collided in the opposed flow path to the outside from the outlet hole. A passage is connected to each of the outlet holes, and a gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray-medium medium flow path and flows downstream of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. A burner provided with a spray nozzle configured to connect a plurality of branch sections that branch into a plurality of paths, and to connect the plurality of branch sections to different outlet holes through the opposing flow paths disposed on the downstream side. The fuel as a spray fluid Disposed the fuel supply system for supplying the mist nozzle, characterized in that the steam or compressed air were provided with the spray nozzles spray medium supply system for supplying to the atomizing medium used for spraying of the atomizing fluid.

Moreover, the burner provided with the spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid, The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle that spouts to the inside of the spray nozzle, the first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and the spray downstream of the spray medium passage. A second branch passage branched from the medium flow passage is provided, and the first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle. A spray fluid flowing down the first branch flow path; The mixed fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the second branch flow path is configured to flow down, and the spray fluid and the spray are arranged downstream of the second branch flow path near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of opposed flow paths for causing the mixed fluid mixed with the working medium to flow down and collide with each other, and the mixed fluid collided in the opposed flow path is ejected to the outside from the outlet hole. A counter-flow channel is connected to each of the outlet holes, and a gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray fluid channel, and on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism A burner provided with a spray nozzle configured to connect a plurality of branch portions branching into a plurality of flow paths, and to connect the plurality of branch sections branched to the different outlet holes through the opposing flow paths disposed on the downstream side. The fuel as a spray fluid before Fuel supply system for supplying to the spray nozzle was arranged, characterized in that the steam or compressed air were provided with the spray nozzles spray medium supply system for supplying to the atomizing medium used for spraying of the atomizing fluid.

Moreover, the burner provided with the spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid, The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle that spouts to the inside of the spray nozzle, the first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and the spray downstream of the spray medium passage. A second branch flow path branched from the medium flow path is provided, the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and the first branch Spray fluid flowing down the flow path and the second branch flow A mixed fluid flow channel mixed with the spray medium flowing down and connected to the outlet hole is disposed downstream of the second branch flow channel, and the inside of the spray medium flow channel A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid from the spray fluid and the spray medium is provided at the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, and a branch portion that branches the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided, and the branch branched into the plurality of branches Spray nozzles configured to connect to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path by connecting the respective parts to the second branch flow path A fuel supply system for supplying the fuel as a spray fluid to the spray nozzle, and supplying the spray nozzle with vapor or compressed air as a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid A medium supply system was installed And wherein the door.

Moreover, the burner provided with the spray nozzle of the present invention is provided with a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid, The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle that spouts to the inside of the spray nozzle, the first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and the spray downstream of the spray medium passage. A second branch flow path branched from the medium flow path is provided, the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and the first branch Spray fluid flowing down the flow path and the second branch flow A mixed fluid flow channel mixed with the spraying medium flowing down and connected to the outlet hole is disposed downstream of the second branch flow channel, and is disposed inside the spray fluid flow channel. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid from the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed, and a branch portion that branches the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. Each having a spray nozzle configured to connect to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed downstream of the second branch flow path by connecting to each of the first branch flow paths. A fuel supply system for supplying the fuel as a spray fluid to the spray nozzle, and supplying the spray nozzle with vapor or compressed air as a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid A medium supply system is installed. The features.

A combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle according to the present invention includes a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to an inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. A plurality of outlets each provided with a mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path opened at the tip of the spray nozzle A spray nozzle that ejects to the outside from a hole, the first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel to the downstream side of the spray fluid channel inside the spray nozzle and the downstream side of the spray medium channel And a second branch channel branched from the spray medium channel, respectively, and arranged so that the first branch channel and the second branch channel are connected inside the spray nozzle. And flow down the first branch flow path. A mixed fluid in which the spray fluid and the spray medium flowing down the second branch flow path are mixed so as to flow down, and sprayed downstream of the second branch flow path near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of opposing flow paths are provided in which the mixed fluid in which the fluid and the spray medium are mixed face down to collide with each other, and the mixed fluid that has collided in the opposed flow path is ejected to the outside from the outlet hole. As described above, the opposed flow path is connected to the outlet hole, and a gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the vapor and liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray medium flow path, and the gas-liquid separation mechanism A spray nozzle configured to connect a plurality of branch portions that are branched into a plurality of flow paths on the downstream side, and to connect the plurality of branched branches to different outlet holes through the opposed flow paths disposed on the downstream side. A combustion device equipped with a burner A combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace, the fuel supply system, and the combustion gas supply system Connected to the burner for burning the fuel provided on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the heat recovery combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace It has a flue to supply to.

In addition, a combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle according to the present invention includes a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to an inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. And a plurality of mixed fluids obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path are opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle ejected to the outside from an outlet hole, the first branch flow path branched from the spray fluid flow path to the downstream side of the spray fluid flow path inside the spray nozzle and the downstream of the spray medium flow path A second branch flow path branched from the spray medium flow path is provided on each side, and the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle. Arranged to flow through the first branch channel. A mixed fluid in which the spray fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the second branch flow path flows down, and downstream of the second branch flow path near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of opposing flow paths are provided in which the mixed fluid in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed to flow down and collide with each other, and the mixed fluid that has collided in the counter flow path is ejected to the outside from the outlet hole. The opposing flow path is connected to the outlet hole to form a gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium inside the spray fluid flow path, and the gas-liquid separation mechanism A spray nozzle configured to connect a plurality of branch portions that are branched into a plurality of flow paths on the downstream side, and to connect the plurality of branched branches to different outlet holes through the opposed flow paths disposed on the downstream side. Combustion device equipped with a burner having A combustion furnace that burns fuel, a fuel supply system that supplies fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system that supplies combustion gas to the combustion furnace, the fuel supply system, and the combustion gas supply A burner that is connected to the system and burns fuel provided on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger that recovers heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and a heat exchanger that recovers the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas in the combustion furnace It has a flue to supply to the outside.

In addition, a combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle according to the present invention includes a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to an inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. And a plurality of mixed fluids obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path are opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle ejected to the outside from an outlet hole, the first branch flow path branched from the spray fluid flow path to the downstream side of the spray fluid flow path inside the spray nozzle and the downstream of the spray medium flow path A second branch flow path branched from the spray medium flow path is disposed on each side, and the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, A spray fluid flowing down the first branch channel; A mixed fluid flow path in which a mixed fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the second branch flow path flows down and is connected to the outlet hole is disposed downstream of the second branch flow path; A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray medium flow path, and a branch portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of channels is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism Each of the plurality of branched portions is connected to the second branch flow path, thereby connecting to the different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow paths disposed downstream of the second branch flow paths. A combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle configured as described above, a combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, and supplying a combustion gas to the combustion furnace A combustion gas supply system, the fuel supply system and the A combustion gas supply system is connected to burn the fuel provided on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas. And a flue to be supplied to the outside of the combustion furnace.

In addition, a combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle according to the present invention includes a spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to an inlet side of the spray nozzle, and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid. And a plurality of mixed fluids obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path are opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. A spray nozzle ejected to the outside from an outlet hole, the first branch flow path branched from the spray fluid flow path to the downstream side of the spray fluid flow path inside the spray nozzle and the downstream of the spray medium flow path A second branch flow path branched from the spray medium flow path is disposed on each side, and the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, A spray fluid flowing down the first branch channel; A mixed fluid flow path in which a mixed fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the second branch flow path flows down and is connected to the outlet hole is disposed downstream of the second branch flow path; A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray fluid flow path, and a branching portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, Each of the plurality of branched portions is connected to the first branch flow path so as to be connected to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path. A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle configured as described above, a combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, and a combustion apparatus for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace Gas supply system, fuel supply system and combustion gas A burner that is connected to a supply system and burns the fuel provided on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger that recovers heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the combustion exhaust gas that is recovered from the heat And a flue to be supplied to the outside.

According to the present invention, the finely mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel and the spray medium are mixed and the combustion gas are sufficiently mixed around the spray nozzle over a wide load range from a low load to a high load. This makes it possible to realize a spray nozzle that suppresses the generation of dust and CO (carbon monoxide) combustion emissions, a burner that includes a spray nozzle, and a combustion device that includes a burner that includes a spray nozzle.

Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the front-end | tip part of the spray nozzle which is 1st Example of this invention. The front view which looked at the spray nozzle of 1st Example shown in FIG. 1 from the front-end | tip part. Explanatory drawing which shows the condition of the driving condition at the time of the high load of the spray nozzle which is a comparative example, and a low load. Explanatory drawing which shows the condition of the driving condition at the time of the high load of the spray nozzle which is 1st Example of this invention, and a low load. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the front-end | tip part of the spray nozzle which is 2nd Example of this invention. The front view which looked at the spray nozzle of 2nd Example shown in FIG. 4 from the front-end | tip part. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the front-end | tip part of the spray nozzle which is 3rd Example of this invention. The front view which looked at the spray nozzle of 3rd Example shown in FIG. 6 from the front-end | tip part. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the front-end | tip part of the spray nozzle which is 4th Example of this invention. The front view which looked at the spray nozzle of 4th Example shown in FIG. 8 from the front-end | tip part. Schematic which shows the burner which is the 5th Example of this invention provided with the spray nozzle of each Example shown in FIG.1, FIG.4, FIG.6 and FIG. Schematic which shows the combustion apparatus which is a 6th Example of this invention provided with the burner which has the spray nozzle of each Example shown in FIG.1, FIG.4, FIG.6, FIG.8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A spray nozzle, a burner equipped with a spray nozzle, and a combustion apparatus equipped with a spray nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The spray nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The spray nozzle 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a spray nozzle 1 for atomizing a liquid fuel spray fluid with a spray medium, and the structure of the spray nozzle 1 is the spray nozzle 1. There are provided two flow paths, a liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying a liquid fuel 2a serving as a spray fluid, and a spray medium flow path 3 for supplying a spray medium 3b on the upstream side of the nozzle 1, and the spray nozzle A plurality of lower outlet holes 4 and upper outlet holes 5 for ejecting a finely mixed fluid as a fan-type spray by colliding the mixed fluid obtained by joining the liquid fuel 2a and the spraying medium 3b with the tip of the downstream side of 1 Each has.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2 a provided on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is a plurality of one inclined flow path 16 and the other inclined flow path 17 in the upper half on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1. Are branched into a plurality of channels, one inclined channel 14 and the other inclined channel 15 in the lower half of the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1.

The spraying medium flow path 3 for supplying the spraying medium 3b provided on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is a gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates gas and liquid into the spraying medium flow path 3 in response to low load. The space part which comprises 6a is provided, and the gas-liquid isolate | separated by the said gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a is provided in the downstream of the space part of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a formed in the inside of this spraying medium flow path 3. An upper branch portion 8 and a lower branch portion 7 that are divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts, are separately provided.

The flow path is branched downstream of the lower branching portion 7 of the spray medium flow path 3, and the straight flow path 10 along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 and the lower branching portion 7 to the spray nozzle 1. A plurality of flow paths including a bent flow path 9 which is bent after extending downward in the outer peripheral direction and which is a flow path along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 is provided.

The flow path is similarly branched downstream of the upper branch portion 8 of the spray medium flow path 3, and the straight flow path 12 along the axial center direction of the spray nozzle 1 and the spray nozzle 1 from the upper branch portion 8. A plurality of flow paths including a bent flow path 11 which is bent after extending upward in the outer peripheral direction and which is a flow path along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 is provided.

Then, on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, the flow paths branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spray medium flow path 3 are merged on the downstream side of the flow path to form the liquid fuel flow path 2. The lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet provided in the inclined surface 25 of the tip portion of the spray nozzle 1 are mixed fluid in which the supplied liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 merge. It collides in the opposing

flow paths

18 and 20 in the spray nozzle 1 in the vicinity of the hole 5 and is refined, and the mixed fluid of the refined liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is transferred to the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper side. The

fan sprays

33 and 34 are ejected from the outlet hole 5 to the outside.

In the vicinity of the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole 5, the mixed fluid collides in the

opposed flow paths

18, 19, 20, and 21 in the spray nozzle 1, so that the spray ejected from the outlet holes 4 and 5 is opposed to the counter flow. The

fan sprays

33 and 34 expand in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the flow path.

For this reason, when the outlet holes 4 and 5 have a shape in which the opening is enlarged in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the

opposed flow paths

18, 19 and 20 and 21 as shown in FIG. Since it becomes difficult to contact with the outer surface of the spray nozzle 1, atomization tends to proceed.

In the spray nozzle 1, a space serving as a gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a for separating gas and liquid is formed inside the spray medium flow path 3, and the gas-liquid separation is provided downstream of the space of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a. An upper branching portion 8 and a lower branching portion 7 for separating the gas and liquid branched by the mechanism 6a are formed.

The downstream side of the upper branching portion 8 is a straight flow path disposed toward the tip of the spray nozzle 1 along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 along the bent flow path 11 along the outer peripheral direction of the spray nozzle 1. The mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel 2a and the spraying medium 3b are merged in the

opposed flow paths

20 and 21 arranged along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 which is branched to the nozzle 12 and further downstream. The fluid is made fine by colliding with each other, and the mixed fluid of the refined liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is ejected from the upper outlet hole 5 to the outside as a fan-type spray 34.

Further, the downstream side of the lower branch 7 is a straight flow arranged toward the tip of the spray nozzle 1 along the bent flow path 9 along the outer peripheral direction of the spray nozzle 1 and the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1. The mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are merged in the

opposed flow paths

18 and 19 that are branched along the inclined surface 25 of the tip of the spray nozzle 1 that is branched to the passage 10 and further downstream. Are made to collide with each other and refined, and the mixed fluid of the refined liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b is ejected from the lower outlet hole 4 to the outside as a fan-shaped spray 33.

A spray medium flow path 3 that is formed on the center side of the spray nozzle 1 and supplies the spray medium 3b, and the spray medium flow path, upstream of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. An annular liquid fuel flow path 2 that is formed concentrically with the spraying medium flow path 3 and that supplies the liquid fuel 2a is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the sprayer 3.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the spray nozzle when the tip of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the tip side. Further, the cross-sectional position of the cross-sectional view of the spray nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 1 is indicated by an arrow AA in FIG.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spraying medium flow path 3 shown in FIG. 1 are a liquid fuel supply system for supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the upstream side thereof, and the spraying medium 3b as the spraying medium. A spray medium supply system for supplying the flow path 3 and a purge gas supply system for supplying a purge gas are connected to each other, but the illustration is omitted here.

The structure of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail. On the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1, the spray medium flow path 3 for supplying the spray medium 3b is connected to the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1. The liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a concentrically with the spray medium flow path 3 is annularly disposed on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium flow path 3. ing.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 is disposed on the center side which is the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1, and the spray medium flow concentrically with the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the outer peripheral side of the liquid fuel flow path 2. You may employ | adopt the arrangement | positioning of the reverse structure which arrange | positioned the path | route 3 cyclically | annularly, and the structure which has arrange | positioned the said flow path separately in parallel with the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1, respectively.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium flow path 3 for supplying the spray medium 3b are disposed downstream of the spray nozzle 1 as described above. Each of the liquid fuel channels 2 is branched into a plurality of flow channels, and the branched flow channel of the liquid fuel flow channel 2 and the branched flow channel of the spraying medium flow channel 3 are connected downstream of the spray nozzle 1 to spray the liquid fuel 2a. The mixed fluid joined with the working medium 3b is refined, and finally the upper outlet hole 5 provided on the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 located on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1 and the spray nozzle 1 The refined mixed fluid is ejected to the outside as fan-shaped

sprays

33 and 34 from the lower outlet hole 4 provided at the lower portion of the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the nozzle.

Next, the connection state of each flow path disposed inside the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment will be described. In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, for the sake of explanation, the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole 5 are each provided in a total of two, but the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole are shown. Two or more 5 may be provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, as in the embodiment of the burner having the spray nozzle according to the third embodiment described later, the liquid fuel 2a is fed to the liquid fuel flow. The flow

rate adjusting valves

54, 55 and the like provided in the spray medium supply system 45 for supplying the liquid fuel supply system 44 supplied to the passage 2 and the spray medium 3b to the mist medium flow path 3 are operated, respectively. When the load of the combustion apparatus equipped with the nozzle 1, the burner having the spray nozzle 1 or the burner having the spray nozzle is low, the flow rates of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are adjusted, Both the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b are configured to be supplied to the spray medium flow path 3.

That is, based on the control signal output from the control device 100 according to the load L, the flow rate adjustment provided in the liquid fuel supply system 44 that supplies the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium supply system 45 that supplies the spray medium 3b. When valves 54 and 55 (not shown) are operated and the load of the spray nozzle 1, the burner in which the spray nozzle 1 is installed, or the combustion apparatus provided with the burner having the spray nozzle is high, The liquid fuel 2a is supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1 through the liquid fuel supply system 44, and the spray medium 3b is supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 through the spray medium supply system 45, respectively. It is configured so that it can be supplied.

The internal structure of the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is such that the fluid of both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 in response to a low load. The space part which comprises the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a which isolate | separates a gas-liquid is provided in the inside of this, The downstream of the space part of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a formed in the inside of this spraying medium flow path 3 is provided. There are provided an upper branching portion 8 and a lower branching portion 7 that are divided into two parts, upper and lower, for dividing and flowing down the gas-liquid separated by the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a.

On the downstream side of the lower branching portion 7, the flow passage is further branched, and the straight flow passage 10 disposed toward the front end side along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1, and the spray nozzle from the lower branching portion 7. 1 is provided with a plurality of flow paths branched into a bent flow path 9 which is bent after extending downward in the outer peripheral direction and which is disposed toward the tip along the axial center direction of the spray nozzle 1. ing.

Similarly, the downstream side of the upper branching portion 8 is further branched from the flow path, and the straight passage 12 disposed toward the tip along the axial center direction of the spray nozzle 1 and the upper branching portion 8. A plurality of flow paths which are bent after extending upward in the outer peripheral direction of the spray nozzle 1 and branching into a bent flow path 11 which is a flow path arranged toward the tip along the axial center direction of the spray nozzle 1 It has.

On the other hand, on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1, on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium flow path 3 disposed in the spray nozzle 1, the liquid fuel 2a is disposed annularly concentrically with the fog medium flow path 3. The liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying water is branched on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, and is branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and is arranged along the axial center direction of the spray nozzle 1 toward the tip. One inclined flow path 17 inclined to the axial center side so as to be connected to the straight flow path 12 provided, and a bent flow on the outer peripheral side of the spray nozzle 1 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 Each of the plurality of flow paths is provided with the other inclined flow path 16 that is inclined to the outer peripheral side so as to be connected to the straight flow path portion of the path 11.

Further, on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1, it is disposed in an annular shape concentrically with the mist medium flow path 3 on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium flow path 3 disposed in the spray nozzle 1, and the liquid fuel 2a The liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying water is branched on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, and is branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and is arranged along the axial center direction of the spray nozzle 1 toward the tip. One inclined flow path 15 inclined to the axial center side so as to be connected to the provided straight flow path 10 and a bent flow on the outer peripheral side of the spray nozzle 1 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 Each of the plurality of flow paths is provided with the other inclined flow path 14 that is inclined to the outer peripheral side so as to be connected to the straight flow path portion of the path 9.

Further, on the outer peripheral side of the spray nozzle 1 that is downstream of the spray nozzle 1, one inclined flow path 16 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a and inclined toward the outer peripheral side is used for spraying. Connected to the downstream side of the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 11 for supplying the medium 3b, the spray medium 3b flowing down the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 11 and the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the inclined flow path 16 Is connected to the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 11, and one opposed flow path 20 is allowed to flow from the outer peripheral side of the tip of the spray nozzle 1 toward the axial center side. It arrange | positions along the inclined surface 25 of the front-end | tip part of the spray nozzle 1. FIG.

Further, on the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, the other branch flow channel 17 branched from the liquid fuel flow channel 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a and inclined toward the axial center side, A spray medium 3b connected to the downstream side of the straight flow path 12 along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 for supplying the spray medium 3b and flowing down the straight flow path 12 downstream of the straight flow path 12; The mixed fluid joined with the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the other branch flow path 17 is connected to the straight flow path 12, and flows down from the axial center side of the tip of the spray nozzle 1 toward the outer peripheral side. The other counter flow channel 21 is disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

The combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the one opposing flow path 20 and the spray medium 3b, and the combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the other counter flow path 21 and the spraying medium 3b Liquid droplets of the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b, which are mixed in the opposite flow and collide with each other in the

opposed flow channels

20 and 21, are mixed and refined by the collision, are formed in the opposed flow channel. 20 and the opposing flow path 21 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to each other, and are configured to be ejected to the outside as a fan-shaped spray 34 from an upper outlet hole 5 opened in an inclined surface 25 formed at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. .

Similarly, on the outer peripheral side of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, one inclined flow path 14 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a and inclined toward the outer peripheral side is sprayed. Liquid fuel which is connected to the downstream side of the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 9 for supplying the medium 3b and flows down the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 9 and the inclined flow path 14 The converging fluid joined with 2a is connected to the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 9, and one counter flow path 18 that flows down from the outer peripheral side of the spray nozzle 1 toward the axial center side is used as the spray nozzle. 1 is disposed along the inclined surface 25 of the tip portion.

Further, on the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1 that is downstream of the spray nozzle 1, the other branch flow channel 15 branched from the liquid fuel flow channel 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a and inclined toward the axial center side is: A spray medium 3b connected to the downstream side of the straight flow path 10 along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 for supplying the spray medium 3b, and flowing down the straight flow path 10 downstream of the straight flow path 10; The other fluid that is joined to the straight flow passage 10 and is made to flow down from the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1 toward the outer peripheral side is joined to the joined fluid that has joined the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the other branch flow passage 15. The flow path 19 is disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

The combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the one opposing flow path 18 and the spray medium 3b and the combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the other counter flow path 19 and the spraying medium 3b are Liquid droplets of the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b mixed and refined by the collision are mixed in the

counter flow channels

18 and 19 in a counter flow, and the counter flow flows. It is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the path 18 and the opposed flow path 19, and is configured to be ejected to the outside as a fan-shaped spray 34 from the lower outlet hole 4 opened in the inclined surface 25 formed at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. ing.

The structure of the spray nozzle 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes an outer partition wall 22 having a truncated cone-shaped inclined surface 25 as an internal structure downstream of the spray nozzle 1, and the inclined flow paths 14-17. , The

bent flow paths

9 and 11, the

straight flow paths

10 and 12, and the inner structure 23 provided with the opposing flow paths 18 to 21, respectively. However, this is not an essential condition for the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment.

Next, the operating state of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.

(At the time of high load operation) First, when the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a to be introduced into the spray nozzle 1 is large, the so-called spray nozzle 1, the burner in which the spray nozzle 1 is installed, and the load of the combustion apparatus are operated at a high load. The operating state of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

When the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment is operated in a high load operation, the liquid fuel that supplies the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 based on the control signal output from the control device 100 corresponding to the load L. The

flow control valves

54 and 55 provided in the spray medium supply system 45 for supplying the supply system 44 and the spray medium 3 b to the fog medium flow path 3 are respectively operated to control the spray nozzle 1 through the liquid fuel supply system 44. Liquid fuel 2 a is supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2, and a gas spray medium 3 b such as air or steam is supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 through the spray medium supply system 45.

The liquid fuel 2a flowing down the liquid fuel flow path 2 above the spray nozzle 1 and flowing through one inclined flow path 16 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 flows down the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1. Connected to the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 11 branched at the upper branching portion 8 downstream of the spray medium flow path 3, and mixed with the spray medium 3b flowing through the bent flow path 11 to be mixed with the liquid fuel 2a. One of the opposing flow paths 20 disposed along the inclined surface 25 of the tip of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the bent flow path 11 becomes a mixed fluid of the spray medium 3b, and the tip of the spray nozzle 1 It flows down towards the part.

The liquid fuel 2 a flowing down the liquid fuel flow path 2 above the spray nozzle 1 and flowing through the other inclined flow path 17 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 flows down the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1. Connected to the straight flow path 12 branched by the upper branching portion 8 downstream of the spray medium flow path 3, and mixed with the spray medium 3b flowing through the straight flow path 12 to mix the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b. The other opposing flow path 21 disposed along the inclined surface 25 of the tip portion of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the straight flow path 12 becomes a mixed fluid, and the axial center side of the tip portion of the spray nozzle 1 Flows down toward the outer periphery.

Then, the combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing down the one opposing flow path 20 and the combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing down the other counter flow path 21 are counter flowed. The liquid droplets of the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b, which flow down in the opposing

flow paths

20 and 21 and are further mixed and refined by collision with each other, are converted into the opposing

flow paths

20 and 21. Since it is ejected to the outside as the fan-shaped spray 34 from the upper outlet hole 5 which is disposed in the direction orthogonal to the opposed flow path 21 and opens at the inclined surface 25 formed at the tip of the spray nozzle 1, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray Atomization of the fluid mixture with the medium 3b can be promoted.

Similarly, the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the liquid fuel flow path 2 below the spray nozzle 1 and flowing through one inclined flow path 14 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 flows into the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1. Is connected to the straight flow path portion of the bent flow path 9 branched by the lower branching portion 7 downstream of the spray medium flow path 3 and mixed with the spray medium 3b flowing through the bent flow path 9 to form a liquid. One of the opposing flow paths 18 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the bent flow path 9 becomes a mixed fluid of the fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b. It flows down toward the tip of 1.

The liquid fuel 2 a flowing down the liquid fuel flow path 2 below the spray nozzle 1 and flowing through the other inclined flow path 15 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 flows down the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1. Connected to the straight flow path 10 branched by the lower branching section 7 downstream of the spray medium flow path 3, and mixed with the spray medium 3b flowing through the straight flow path 10 to mix the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b. The other opposed flow path 19 disposed along the inclined surface 25 of the tip portion of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the straight flow path 10 becomes a mixed fluid, and the axial center side of the tip portion of the spray nozzle 1 Flows down toward the outer periphery.

Then, the combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing down the one opposing flow path 18, and the combined fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing down the other counter flow path 19 are counterflowed. The liquid droplets of the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b, which flow down in the opposing

flow paths

18 and 19 and are further mixed and refined by collision with each other, are converted into the opposing

flow paths

18 and 19 Since it is ejected to the outside as the fan-shaped spray 33 from the lower outlet hole 4 disposed in the direction orthogonal to the opposed flow path 19 and opened in the inclined surface 25 formed at the tip of the spray nozzle 1, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray The atomization of the fluid mixture with the working medium 3b can be promoted.

That is, the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration can promote atomization of the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b when the spray nozzle 1 is operated at a high load.

In the above-described spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium flowing down the

opposed flow paths

20, 21 and the

opposed flow paths

18, 19 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. The fluid mixed with 3b is sprayed in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the opposite flow path (the arrangement direction of the opposite flow path through which the mixed fluid flows) due to mutual collision (the direction of the line BB in FIG. 2). Fan-shaped

sprays

33 and 34 which are droplets of the finely mixed fluid are formed from the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole 5 which are opened in the inclined surface 25 at the tip of each, and are ejected to the outside.

The spray nozzle 1 shown in this embodiment from the shape of the

fan sprays

33 and 34 is generally called a fan spray spray nozzle. The fan spray type spray nozzle is a

counter flow path

20, 21 in which the mixing of the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b is arranged along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 in the vicinity of the outlet holes 4, 5. Further, since it is promoted by the collision of the mixed fluids inside the

opposed flow paths

18 and 19, the atomization performance for refining the liquid fuel 2a is high even with a low spray pressure of the spray medium 3b and a small spray medium flow rate.

(Low-load operation) Next, the so-called spray nozzle 1 or the spray nozzle in which the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a introduced into the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment having the configuration shown in FIG. The operation state of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment when the load of the burner having the burner 1 and the burner having the spray nozzle is operated at a low load will be described.

When the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is operated in a low load operation, as shown in FIG. 6, it corresponds to the load L as in the embodiment of the burner having the spray nozzle which is a third embodiment described later. Then, based on the control signal output from the control device 100, the fuel supply system 44 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2, and the spray medium for supplying the spray medium 3b to the mist medium flow path 3 The

flow control valves

54 and 55 provided in the medium supply system 45 are respectively operated, and the

flow control valves

52 and 53 provided in the

branch systems

44a and 45a are operated, so that the spray nozzle 1 and the spray nozzle 1 are operated. When the load of the installed burner or the combustion apparatus provided with the burner having the spray nozzle 1 is low, the supply of the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment is closed, and the spray nozzle 1 mist medium The flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b is adjusted in the flow path 3, and the liquid fuel 2a is guided through the branch system 44a branched from the liquid fuel supply system 44 and connected to the atomizing medium supply system 45. The liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b are both configured to be supplied to the spray medium flow path 3.

In this way, when the load is low, both the liquid fuel 2a and the gas spray medium 3b such as air or steam are supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1, and the spray nozzle 1 The supply of the liquid fuel 2a is closed to the liquid fuel flow path 2, or a small amount of the spray medium 3b is supplied to stop the supply of the liquid fuel 2a.

In this way, in the case of a low load, the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b flowing down the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 is a gas provided inside the spray medium flow path 3. Separation is performed by the difference in specific gravity in the space portion forming the liquid separation mechanism 6a.

The liquid fuel 2a having a high specific gravity separated in the space forming the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a mainly flows into the lower branching portion 7 located on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a. The curved flow path 9 and the straight flow path 10 branched from the flow path flow down, and the one opposed flow path 18 and the other opposed flow path 19 connected to the curved flow path 9 and the straight flow path 10 flow down.

Then, the heavy specific gravity liquid fuel 2a flowing down the one opposing channel 18 and the other opposing channel 19 flows down the one opposing channel 18 and the other opposing channel 19 and collides with each other. The liquid fuel 2a refined by the liquid fuel 2a refined by the lower outlet hole 4 provided at the lower portion of the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 located downstream of the spray nozzle 1 is obtained. Are ejected to the outside as a fan-type spray 33.

On the other hand, the light specific gravity spray medium 3b separated in the space forming the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a mainly flows into the upper branching portion 8 located on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a. The bent flow path 11 and the straight flow path 12 branched from the flow 8 flow down, and the one opposed flow path 20 and the other opposed flow path 21 connected to the bent flow path 11 and the straight flow flow path 12 flow down, respectively.

The light specific gravity spray medium 3b flowing down the one opposed flow channel 20 and the other opposed flow channel 21 is an upper portion of the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 located downstream of the spray nozzle 1. Is ejected to the outside from the upper outlet hole 5 provided in A part of the spray medium 3b may flow into the lower branching portion 7 located on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a.

Generally, the spray medium flow is reduced so that the pressure difference of the mixed fluid between the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b near the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole 5 provided at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 is reduced. Even if a space portion serving as the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a is provided inside the passage 3, a part of the spray medium 3b flows to the lower branch portion 7 provided on the downstream side of the space portion of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a.

In addition, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an example is shown in which a space for forming the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a is provided in the spray medium flow path 3 to separate the gas and liquid using gravity. However, other methods may be used, such as providing a swirling flow generator upstream of the lower branching portion 7 and the upper branching portion 8 to separate the gas and liquid using centrifugal force.

That is, the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration can promote atomization of the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b even when the spray nozzle 1 is operated at a low load. .

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment described above, the flow path breaks of the

bent flow paths

9 and 11, the

straight flow paths

10 and 12, the inclined flow paths 14 to 16, and the opposed flow paths 18 to 21 provided in the spray nozzle 1. The areas are formed such that the flow path cross-sectional area is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of the space portion constituting the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a inside the spraying medium flow path 3 on the upstream side thereof. Yes.

For this reason, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the liquid fuel 2a has a high flow velocity that flows down the bent channel 9, the straight channel 10, the inclined channels 14 to 16, and the opposed channels 18 to 21, and these

flow Opposing channels

18, 19, and 20 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 in the vicinity of the

outlet channel

4, 5 near the

outlet hole

4, 5 of the spray nozzle 1. , 21 collide with each other in the

opposed flow paths

18, 19 and 20, 21, further mixing of the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the

opposed flow paths

18, 19 and 20, 21 progresses. This can contribute to atomization of the liquid fuel 2a.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, there are two types of operating conditions at high load and low load at different flow rates for supplying the liquid fuel 2a in the spray nozzle of the comparative example and the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment. The spray state will be described.

Here, the spray nozzle of the comparative example is obtained by deleting the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a, the upper separator 7 and the lower separator 8 from the structure of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. is there. Regardless of the load, the liquid fuel 2a is in the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1, the spray medium 3b is in the

bending flow paths

9, 11 from the spray medium flow path 3, and the

straight flow paths

10, 12 are. Each flows in.

In a high load condition where the flow rate of liquid fuel is large, the liquid fuel 2a flows through the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spray medium 3b flows through the spray medium flow path 3 in the spray nozzles of the comparative example and the present embodiment. In this case, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a newly added to the spraying medium flow path 3 in the present embodiment, the upper separation part 7, and the lower separation part 8 are such that the fluid flowing through the spraying medium flow path 3 is used for spraying. Since the medium 3b is single, there is no difference in the flow of fluid from the spray nozzle of the comparative example.

On the other hand, in the low load condition where the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a is small, the liquid fuel 2a flows through the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spray medium 3b flows through the spray medium flow path 3 in the spray nozzle of the comparative example. In the spray nozzle of this embodiment, a mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows in the spray medium flow path 3.

For this reason, the flow of fluid differs between the spray nozzle of the comparative example and the spray nozzle of the present embodiment. Therefore, the difference is shown below for the low load condition.

In the spray nozzle of the comparative example, the liquid fuel 2a flows down from the liquid fuel channel 2 through the inclined channels 14-17. The spray medium 3 b also flows down from the spray medium flow path 3 through the

bent flow paths

9 and 11 and the

straight flow paths

11 and 12.

For this reason, in the spray nozzle of the comparative example, the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is ejected from all the outlet holes. When the load is low, the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a decreases. At this time, if the flow rate of the spray medium 3b is also reduced so as to make the ratio with the spray medium 3b the same as the high load, the flow velocity of the mixed fluid near the outlet Decreases, and the pressure in the flow path also decreases.

Therefore, the collision force with which the mixed fluid collides in the vicinity of the outlet is weakened and the atomization is worsened. In order to maintain the atomization characteristics, it is necessary to increase the injection ratio of the spray medium 3b in order to increase the flow rate of the mixed fluid. In this case, as shown in Patent Document 1, the mixture is used for spraying in the mixed portion of both. The ratio of the medium 3b is not suitable for atomization.

As a result, even if the injection ratio of the spray medium 3b is increased, the energy cannot be effectively used. Moreover, since it deviates from the ratio of an appropriate gas-liquid ratio, the problem that atomization characteristic deteriorates and combustion emission increases arises.

On the other hand, in the spray nozzle of this embodiment, the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b flows down from the spray medium flow path 3 through the

bent flow paths

9 and 11 and the

straight flow paths

11 and 12. At this time, liquid flows from the outlet hole 4 provided at one end of the spray nozzle tip by flowing down through the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6 a formed in the spray medium flow path 3, the upper separator 7, and the lower separator 8. A mixed fluid of the fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is ejected, and only the spray medium 3b is ejected from the outlet hole 5 provided at the other end of the spray nozzle.

As described above, when the load is low, the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a is reduced. At this time, if the flow rate of the spray medium 3b is also reduced to match the ratio with the spray medium 3b, the vicinity of the outlet The flow rate of the mixed fluid decreases, and the pressure in the flow path also decreases. For this reason, the collision force with which the mixed fluid collides in the vicinity of the outlet is weakened and the atomization is deteriorated.

In order to maintain the atomization characteristics, it is necessary to increase the injection ratio of the spray medium 3b in order to increase the flow rate of the mixed fluid. In the case of the spray nozzle of this embodiment, the gas formed in the spray medium flow path 3 is used. By flowing down through the liquid separation mechanism 6a, the upper separation part 7, and the lower separation part 8, the ratio of the atomizing medium is 5.0% at the outlet hole 4 from which the liquid fuel 2a is ejected, which is suitable for atomization. It becomes.

As described above, even when the injection ratio of the spray medium 3b is increased at a low load, an appropriate gas-liquid ratio is maintained at the outlet hole from which the liquid fuel 2a is ejected, and the atomization characteristics are maintained in the same manner as the high load. As a result, combustion emissions can be reduced.

On the other hand, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3B, a mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is ejected from a part of the outlet holes 4 of the spray nozzle 1 when the load is low, and the other outlets From the hole 5, only the spray medium 3b is ejected.

Thus, the space part which forms the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a in the inside of the spraying medium flow path 3 which supplies both the liquid fuel 2a and the spraying medium 3b at the time of low load is formed, and this gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a By providing the lower branch part 7 into which the separated liquid fuel 2a flows and the upper branch part 8 into which the separated spray medium 3b flows in downstream, the amount of the spray medium 3b charged can be increased in the case of a low load. However, the ratio of the spray medium 3b at the outlet hole 4 from which the liquid fuel 2a is ejected is suppressed.

For this reason, it is easy to maintain the atomization of the liquid fuel 2a by the spray nozzle in an appropriate range even in the case of a low load. That is, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the liquid fuel 2a is sprayed at a high spray pressure and an appropriate gas-liquid ratio, and after spraying, it becomes easy to mix with the combustion gas flowing away from the spray nozzle. It is possible to suppress the generation of soot and CO (carbon monoxide) that is likely to occur when the fuel concentration is high.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, since the liquid fuel 2a is made fine and ejected from the spray nozzle 1 to the outside as a fan-shaped spray 33, the liquid fuel is disposed below the tip of the spray nozzle 1. Although the structure in which the outlet hole 4 for ejecting 2a and the outlet hole 5 for ejecting the spraying medium 3b are respectively provided on the upper side is adopted, the top and bottom are reversed in the middle of the flow path, The arrangement positions of the flow paths 7 to 10 and the flow paths 16 to 19 are changed, for example, the outlet hole 4 for ejecting the liquid fuel 2a is provided and the outlet hole 5 for ejecting the spray medium 3b is provided on the lower side. Thus, the position of the outlet hole 4 through which the liquid fuel 2a is ejected at low load can be freely changed.

Further, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the flow paths 9 to 12, 14 to 16, and 18 to 21 are arranged on the same cross section in the radial direction of the spray nozzle 1 so as to facilitate the description. The case where the cross section of the outlet holes 4 and 5 orthogonal to the flow paths 18 to 21 is enlarged in the circumferential direction of the spray nozzle 1 is shown. For example, the flow paths 18 to 21 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the spray nozzle 1 to It is also possible to enlarge the cross section of the outlet holes 4 and 5 orthogonal to 18 to 21 in the radial direction of the spray nozzle 1. In this case, the fan-type spray from the outlet holes 4 and 5 spreads in the radial direction of the spray nozzle 1.

In addition, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, for ease of explanation, a case where two

outlet holes

4 and 5 are provided at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 is shown. May be increased to a large number. In this case, atomization of the liquid fuel 2a is further promoted by reducing the size of one outlet hole.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the opposed flow path 18 in which the liquid fuel 2 a or a mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b is disposed near the outlet hole at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. , 19 and the

opposed flow paths

20 and 21 collide with each other, and the liquid fuel 2a that has been refined by the collision and a mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are provided at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. The case where the fan-shaped

sprays

33 and 34 are formed and ejected from the outlet holes 4 and 5 is described.

The spray nozzle 1 as in the above-described embodiment is generally called a fan spray type spray nozzle because of the shape of fan spray.

The fan spray generated by the fan spray type spray nozzle generally has a large flow rate at the central part of the fan spray and a small flow rate at the outer edge of the fan spray. Furthermore, according to the measurement by the inventor, the particle size of the spray is relatively large at the center of the fan-shaped spray, and the particle size is small at the outer edge of the fan-shaped spray.

Also, spraying spreads easily at the outer edge of the fan-shaped spray, and a thin liquid film is formed, so that fine particles (less than 100 μm in diameter) increase. However, since the momentum is low, the fine particles tend to stay in the vicinity of the spray nozzle.

Particles atomized to a diameter of less than 100 μm, preferably 50 μm or less (hereinafter referred to as “fine particles”) have a large surface area in the volume, and are likely to burn by being heated by heat radiation from the furnace. For this reason, by retaining these fine particles in the vicinity of the spray nozzle, the ignition of the spray is accelerated, contributing to the stabilization of the flame and the promotion of the combustion reaction.

On the other hand, the central portion of the spray has a larger flow rate than the outer peripheral portion, and the spray is difficult to spread, so that a thick liquid film is formed as compared with the outer peripheral portion. For this reason, there are many large particles (diameter 100 to 300 μm). Large particles have a higher momentum than fine particles, and are easily mixed with combustion air flowing in a remote location.

As described above, the spray nozzle of this embodiment can spray at a high spray pressure and an appropriate gas-liquid ratio under low-load operation conditions. The characteristics can be maintained over a wide load range from low load to high load, thereby contributing to the suppression of combustion emissions.

In addition, in the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an example in which a fan spray type spray nozzle that performs fan-type spraying at the exit hole portion opened at the tip of the spray nozzle is shown. An internal mixing type with a mixing space where the liquid fuel and the spray medium are mixed near the outlet hole at the tip of the spray nozzle, a liquid film type that induces centrifugal force near the outlet hole, and a liquid that uses high jet power A column type spray nozzle may be used.

According to the present embodiment, the finely mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel and the spray medium are mixed and the combustion gas are sufficiently mixed around the spray nozzle over a wide load range from a low load to a high load. This makes it possible to realize a spray nozzle that suppresses the generation of dust and CO (carbon monoxide) combustion emissions.

Next, a spray nozzle according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The spray nozzle 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has the same basic configuration as the spray nozzle 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. Therefore, the description of the configuration common to both is omitted, and only different parts will be described below.

Also in the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2 a serving as the spray fluid and the spray medium 3 b are supplied to the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1. The liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium flow path that are provided through the liquid fuel flow path 2 to the tip of the spray nozzle downstream of the spray nozzle 1 are provided. 3, the mixed fluid obtained by joining the spraying medium 3 b supplied through 3 is made to collide with each other inside the

opposed flow paths

18 and 19 and the

opposed flow paths

20 and 21, and the droplets of the refined mixed fluid are fan-shaped. Each has a lower outlet hole 4 and an upper outlet hole 5 that are sprayed to the outside as spray.

The structure of the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment will be further described. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the spray medium flow path 3 that is formed on the center side of the spray nozzle 1 and supplies the spray medium 3b, and this It is formed on the outer peripheral side of the spraying medium flow path 3 so as to be concentric with the spraying medium flow path 3, and only the liquid fuel 2a is supplied at the time of high load, and the liquid fuel 2a and the spraying medium 3b at the time of low load The annular liquid fuel flow paths 2 to which both are supplied are respectively disposed.

A swirl flow generator 62 constituting a gas-liquid separation mechanism 6b that separates gas and liquid is installed inside the liquid fuel flow path 2, and is concentrically branched downstream of the swirl flow generator 62. An outer branch portion 64 and an inner branch portion 63 are provided.

The outer branch 64 is branched into one inclined channel 16 and the other inclined channel 17 in the upper half on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1.

Further, the inner branch part 63 branches into the one inclined channel 14 and the other inclined channel 15 in the lower half part on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1.

On the other hand, the inside of the spraying medium flow path 3 for supplying the spraying medium 3b provided on the center side of the spray nozzle 1 on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is formed with a branching portion 8 on the downstream side. The flow path branches on the downstream side of the portion 8, and the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 and the spray nozzle 1 are bent after extending downward in the outer peripheral direction of the spray nozzle 1. A bent flow path 9 which becomes a flow path along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 and a bent flow path which becomes a flow path along the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 by bending upward after extending in the outer peripheral direction of the spray nozzle 1 11 respectively.

On the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, one inclined flow path 16 branched from the outer branch section 64 formed in the liquid fuel flow path 2 is connected to the branch section 8 formed in the spray medium flow path 3. Since it is connected to the branched bent flow path 11, it becomes a mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel 2 a flowing down one inclined flow path 16 and the spray medium 3 b flowing down the bent flow path 11 are mixed. The mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows down to the opposing flow path 20 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side.

The other inclined flow path 17 branched from the outer branch section 64 formed in the liquid fuel flow path 2 is connected to the straight flow path 12 branched from the branch section 8 formed in the spray medium flow path 3. Therefore, the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the other inclined flow path 17 and the spray medium 3b flowing down the straight flow path 12 become a mixed fluid, and the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the straight flow path 12 The mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows down to the opposed flow path 21 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip.

Further, the mixed fluid, in which the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are mixed, is caused to collide with each other as an opposing flow inside the opposing

flow paths

20 and 21 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. The fluid mixture of the refined liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b is ejected to the outside as a fan-shaped spray 34 from the upper outlet hole 5 opened in a direction orthogonal to the opposed flow path 20 and the opposed flow path 21. It is configured to do.

Similarly, on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1, one inclined flow path 14 branched from the inner branch section 63 formed in the liquid fuel flow path 2 has a branch section 8 formed in the spray medium flow path 3. Therefore, the liquid fuel 2a flowing down one inclined channel 14 and the spray medium 3b flowing down the bent channel 9 are mixed to form a mixed fluid. The mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows down to the opposing flow path 18 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side.

Further, the other inclined flow path 15 branched from the inner branch portion 63 formed in the liquid fuel flow path 2 is connected to the straight flow path 10 branched from the branch section 8 formed in the spray medium flow path 3. Therefore, the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the other inclined flow path 15 and the spray medium 3b flowing down the straight flow path 10 become a mixed fluid, and the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the straight flow path 10 The mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows down to the opposed flow path 19 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip.

flow paths

18 and 19 disposed along the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. The mixed fluid of the refined liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b is formed as a fan-shaped spray 33 from the lower outlet hole 4 opened in the direction orthogonal to the opposed flow path 18 and the opposed flow path 19 to the outside. It is configured to erupt.

In the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 4, an example in which a swirl flow generator 62 constituting a gas-liquid separation mechanism 6b is provided inside the liquid fuel flow path 2 to separate the gas and liquid by centrifugal force. However, instead of the swirling flow generator 62, other methods such as providing a space inside the liquid fuel flow path 2 and separating the gas and liquid by gravity may be used.

Next, the operation state in the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described.
The operation state of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment when the load of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the burner in which the spray nozzle 1 is installed, and the load of the combustion apparatus are operated at a high load will be described.

(At the time of high load operation) When the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is operated in a high load operation, it is the same as the case of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Each flow control valve of the second embodiment is operated based on the output control signal to supply the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1, and air, steam, etc. to the spray medium flow path 3 The gas spray medium 3b is supplied, and the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is refined and ejected to the outside as

fan sprays

33 and 34 from the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole 5, respectively. Therefore, the liquid fuel 2a can be atomized.

(Low-load operation) Next, the so-called spray nozzle 1 or the spray nozzle in which the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a introduced into the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment having the configuration shown in FIG. The operation state of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment when the burner installed with 1 and the load of the combustion apparatus are operated at a low load will be described.

When the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is operated in a low load operation, as shown in FIG. 6, as in the embodiment of the burner having the spray nozzle according to the third embodiment described later, Based on the output control signal, the

flow control valves

54 and 55 provided in the atomizing medium supply system 45 for supplying the liquid fuel supply system 44 and the atomizing medium 3b to the atomizing medium flow path 3 are respectively operated. A flow control valve 52 provided in a branch system 44 a branched from the liquid fuel supply system 44 and connected to the spray medium supply system 45; a branch system branched from the spray medium supply system 45 and connected to the liquid fuel supply system 44. When the flow control valve 53 provided in 45a is operated, the load of the spray nozzle 1, the burner in which the spray nozzle 1 is installed, or the burner having the spray nozzle 1 is low. In this case, the supply of the spray medium 3b to the mist medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 is closed by operating each flow rate adjustment valve of the second embodiment based on the control signal output from the control device 100. In the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1, the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b is adjusted to guide the spray medium 3b via the branch system 45a, and the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b Both are configured to be supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2.

In this way, when the load is low, the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1 is supplied with both the liquid fuel 2a and a gas spray medium 3b such as air or steam, and the spray of the spray nozzle 1 is sprayed. The supply of the spray medium 3b is closed to the medium flow path 3, or a small amount of the spray medium 3b is supplied to stop the supply of the liquid fuel 2a.

In this way, when the load is low, both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1, and the spray medium flow path 3 is closed or a small amount of spray is supplied. Supply medium 3b.

The mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing in the liquid fuel flow path 2 is separated by a swirl flow generator 62 constituting a gas-liquid separation mechanism provided in the liquid fuel flow path 2 due to a difference in specific gravity. To do.

The liquid fuel 2 a having a high specific gravity separated by the swirling flow generator 62 mainly flows into the outer branch portion 64 located on the downstream side of the swirling flow generator 62, and one inclined flow branched from the outer branch portion 64. Flowing down the channel 16 and the other inclined channel 17, the one opposing channel 20 connected to the bent channel 11 and the straight channel 12 connected to the inclined channel 16 and the inclined channel 17, and the other opposing side. Each of the flow paths 21 flows down.

The heavy specific gravity liquid fuel 2a flowing down the one opposing channel 20 and the other opposing channel 21 flows down the one opposing channel 20 and the other opposing channel 21 and collides with each other. The droplets of the liquid fuel 2a that have been refined by the above-described method are obtained by using the droplets of the liquid fuel 2a that have been refined from the upper outlet hole 5 provided above the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 as a fan-type spray 34. To erupt.

On the other hand, the spray medium 3b having a light specific gravity separated by the swirling flow generator 62 mainly flows into the inner branching portion 63 located on the downstream side of the swirling flow generator 62 and branches off from the inner branching portion 63. The inclined flow path 14 and the other inclined flow path 15, and the bent flow path 9 branched from the branch portion 8 of the spray medium flow path 3 connected to the inclined flow path 14 and the inclined flow path 15 and the straight flow. It connects with the path | route 10, and flows down the said 1st opposing flow path 18 and the other opposing flow path 19 which were connected in the downstream of this bending | flexion flow path 9 and the straight advance flow path 10, respectively.

The spray medium 3b having a low specific gravity flowing down the one opposing channel 18 and the other opposing channel 19 opens in a direction orthogonal to the one opposing channel 18 and the other opposing channel 19, and The spray nozzle 1 is ejected to the outside from the lower outlet hole 4 provided at the lower portion of the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. A part of the spray medium 3 b may flow into the outer branch portion 64 located on the downstream side of the swirling flow generator 62.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment described above, the channel cross-sectional areas of the inclined channels 16 and 17, the bent channel 11, the straight channel 12, and the

opposed channels

20 and 21 disposed in the spray nozzle 1 are as follows: The flow passage cross-sectional areas are formed to be smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the space portion constituting the branching portion 8 inside the spraying medium flow passage 3 on the upstream side thereof.

For this reason, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the flow velocity at which the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows down the inclined flow paths 16 to 17 and the

opposed flow paths

20 and 21 is increased. The liquid fuel 2a flowing through the

opposed flow paths

20 and 21 disposed along the inclined surface 25 of the tip portion of the spray nozzle 1 in the vicinity of the upper outlet hole 5 of the spray nozzle 1 in the flow process and the opposed flow path 20 By colliding with each other in 21, the mixing of the liquid fuel 2a flowing down the

opposed flow paths

20 and 21 further proceeds, which can contribute to atomization of the liquid fuel 2a.

On the other hand, in the spray nozzle of the comparative example, the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel and the spray medium is ejected from all the outlet holes of the spray nozzle. In order to reduce the flow rate of the liquid fuel and maintain the spray pressure, it is necessary to increase the ratio of the spray medium (gas-liquid ratio).

Therefore, if the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a is reduced at a low load when the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a is low, and the injection amount of the spray medium is increased in order to maintain the spray pressure by the spray nozzle, the mixed fluid at the outlet The gas-liquid ratio increases. For this reason, atomization progresses excessively and combustion emission may increase.

On the other hand, in the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment, as described above, droplets obtained by miniaturizing the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b from the upper outlet hole 5 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 in the case of low load operation. Is sprayed to the outside as a fan-shaped spray 34, and only the spray medium is ejected from the lower outlet hole 5 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

By separating the spraying medium 3b, the medium for spraying in the upper outlet hole 4 that ejects the liquid fuel 2a to the outside as the atomized spray 34 even when the input amount of the spraying medium 3b is increased in low load operation. The ratio of is suppressed.

Therefore, it is easy to maintain the atomization of the liquid fuel 2a within an appropriate range over a wide load range from a low load to a high load.

That is, in the spray nozzle of the present embodiment, the liquid fuel 2a is sprayed at a high spray pressure and an appropriate gas-liquid ratio, and it becomes easy to mix with the combustion gas flowing away from the spray nozzle after spraying. Generation of soot and CO (carbon monoxide), which are likely to be generated when it is high, can be suppressed.

In the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the case where the outer branch portion 64 provided in the spray nozzle 1 and the lower outlet hole 4 communicate with each other through the opposing

flow paths

20 and 21. As shown, the position of the outlet hole from which the liquid fuel 2a is ejected can be freely provided depending on the setting of the flow path.

In addition, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the case where a total of two

outlet holes

4 and 5 are provided is shown for ease of explanation, but there are a plurality of two or more outlet holes. May be increased to individual.

In this case, atomization of the liquid fuel 2a is further promoted by reducing the size of one outlet hole.

In the spray nozzle of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an example in which a fan spray type spray nozzle is applied to the outlet holes 4 and 5 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 is used. In the same way as the spray nozzle, the internal mixing type with a mixing space near the outlet hole, the liquid film type that induces centrifugal force near the outlet hole, and the liquid column type spray nozzle that uses high jet power are used. May be.

Next, a spray nozzle according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The spray nozzle 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is similar in basic structure to the spray nozzle 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. Therefore, the description of the configuration common to both is omitted, and only different portions will be described below.

Also in the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the spray fluid of the liquid fuel is atomized by the spray medium by the spray nozzle 1.

The structure of the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 supplies the liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a as the spray fluid to the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1 and the spray medium 3b. The spray fluid passage 3 and the spray fluid passage 3 are provided, and the mixed fluid obtained by joining the liquid fuel 2a and the spray media 3b to the tip of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is exposed to the outside at high speed. A plurality of lower outlet holes 4 and upper outlet holes 5 to be ejected are provided.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2 a provided on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is an annular flow path, and its downstream end is connected to one inclined flow path 15 and the other inclined flow path 17. Branches into a plurality of flow paths.

The spraying medium flow path 3 for supplying the spraying medium 3b provided on the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is an annular flow path that is concentric with the liquid fuel flow path 2, and has a central axis 70 at the center thereof. Have

Inside the spraying medium flow path 3, a swirl flow generator 62 that gives a swirl flow velocity to the fluid flowing in the flow path, and a space portion 65 that separates gas and liquid on the downstream side of the swirl flow generator 62 are provided. In addition, an inner branch portion 63 and an outer branch portion 64 that branch the spray medium flow path 3 concentrically inwardly and outwardly inside the spray medium flow path 3 and downstream of the space portion 65. Each is equipped.

Although the swirling flow generator 62 is connected to the partition wall on the outer peripheral side, it is separated from the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side and has a gap. By fixing the swirl flow generator 62 to only one partition wall, the inner and outer partition walls are prevented from being deformed by a difference in thermal expansion.

The central axis 70 located in the space 65 on the downstream side of the spraying medium flow path 3 is provided with an obstacle 71 that narrows the cross-sectional area of the spraying medium flow path 3 from the inner peripheral side.

The gas-liquid separation mechanism 6 a that separates the gas and liquid is configured by the swirling flow generator 62, the space 65, the inner branch 63, the outer branch 64, and the obstacle 71 provided in the middle of the spray medium flow path 3.

The outer branch 64 on the downstream side of the spray medium flow path 3 includes a straight flow path 10 on the downstream side. Further, the inner branch portion 63 of the spray medium flow path 3 also includes a straight flow path 12 on the downstream side thereof.

The inclined flow path 15 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the straight flow path 10 branched from the spraying medium flow path 3 communicate and merge to form a mixing flow path 19a on the downstream side of the straight flow path 10. To do. The downstream end of the mixing channel 19 a is connected to the lower outlet hole 4 provided on the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

Further, the inclined flow path 17 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the straight flow path 12 branched from the spraying medium flow path 3 are communicated and merged, and the mixing flow path 21 a is arranged downstream of the straight flow path 12. Form. The downstream end of the mixing channel 21 a is connected to the upper outlet hole 5 provided in the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

The liquid fuel 2a flowing through the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spray medium 3b flowing through the spray medium flow path 3 are mixed in the mixing

flow paths

19a and 21a, and are fed from the lower outlet hole 4 and the upper outlet hole 5 at high speed. The liquid fuel 2a is ejected as atomized spray by ejecting it as fan-shaped

sprays

33 and 34 to the outside of the spray nozzle 1.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the spray nozzle as seen from the front end side of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. Also, the cross-sectional position of the cross-sectional view of the spray nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 6 is indicated by an arrow AA in FIG.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spraying medium flow path 3 shown in FIG. 6 are a liquid fuel supply system 44 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the upstream side thereof, and the spraying medium 3b for spraying. The spray medium supply system 45 is connected to the medium flow path 3.

In the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the liquid fuel supply system 44 is connected to the upstream spray medium flow path 3 along with the spray medium supply system 45 through the branch system 44a.

These supply systems are connected to the liquid fuel supply system 44 and the atomizing medium supply system 45 via the

flow control valves

52, 54, and 55.

Further, a purge gas supply system for supplying a purge gas is connected to each other, but the illustration is omitted here.

In addition, a pulverizing device 72 for pulverizing the liquid fuel 2a is installed at the junction with the liquid fuel supply system 44 on the upstream side of the spraying medium flow path 3 shown in FIG. A branch system 44 a branched from the liquid fuel supply system 44 is connected.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the atomizer 72 is provided with an obstacle 74 at the liquid fuel outlet 73 of the atomizer 72, and the liquid fuel 2 a collides with the obstacle 74 to atomize the liquid fuel 2 a. It is configured as follows.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spraying medium flow path 3 are arranged, for example, by arranging the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the center side that is the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1 and the liquid fuel flow path. The spray medium flow path 3 is arranged in an annular shape concentrically with the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the outer peripheral side of the structure 2, or the flow paths are separately arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 May be adopted.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, a liquid fuel supply system for supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the burner having the spray nozzle of the embodiment described later, Based on a control signal output from the control device 100 according to the load L by operating a flow rate adjusting valve provided in the spray medium supply system for supplying the spray medium 3b to the fog medium flow path 3. When the load of the spray nozzle 1 is low, the flow rates of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are adjusted so that both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b can be supplied to the spray medium flow path 3. It is configured.

The spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 supplies both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b to the spray medium flow path 3 at a low load, and further the spray medium flow path. 3 is provided with a gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a for separating gas and liquid to separate the mixed fluid.

Next, the operating state of the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described.

When the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment is operated in a high load operation, the liquid fuel that supplies the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 based on the control signal output from the control device 100 corresponding to the load L. The flow

rate adjusting valves

54 and 55 provided in the spray medium supply system 3 for supplying the supply system 44 and the spray medium 3 b to the fog medium flow path 3 are operated, and the liquid of the spray nozzle 1 is supplied through the liquid fuel supply system 44. Liquid fuel 2 a is supplied to the fuel flow path 2, and a gas spray medium 3 b such as air or steam is supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 through the spray medium supply system 45.

The liquid fuel 2 a flows through the

inclined flow paths

15 and 17 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1 on the downstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2. The spray medium 3 b flows down the spray medium flow path 3 and flows into the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6 a provided in the spray medium flow path 3.

Since one kind of gas of the spray medium 3b flows through the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a, the spray medium 3b is present in both the inner branch part 63 and the outer branch part 64 installed on the downstream side of the spray medium flow path 3. It flows down through the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 that are in communication with each other on the downstream side of the flow and branching

parts

63 and 64, respectively.

The spray medium 3b flowing in the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 is connected to the

inclined flow paths

15 and 17 on the downstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2 with the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 respectively. , 17 and the spray medium 3b flowing in the

straight flow paths

10, 12 are mixed in the mixing

flow paths

19a, 21a on the downstream side of the

straight flow paths

10, 12.

The mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b mixed in the mixing

channels

19a and 21a is ejected to the outside from the ejection holes 4 and 5 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 connected to the mixing

channels

19a and 21a. The liquid fuel 2a is atomized by the shearing force due to the difference in flow velocity from the gas around the spray nozzle 1 by mixing with the spray medium 3b and jetting at high speed, and sprayed as

fan sprays

33 and 34.

(Low-load operation) Next, a so-called spray nozzle 1, a burner having the spray nozzle 1 installed therein, or a burner having a spray nozzle, in which the flow rate of the liquid fuel 2a introduced into the spray nozzle 1 is small as in ignition. The operating state of the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment when the load of the provided combustion device is operated at a low load will be described.

When the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is operated at low load operation, the flow control valve 54 is closed to the liquid fuel flow path 2 based on a control signal output from the control device 100 corresponding to the load L. The liquid fuel 2a is stopped, and both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 via the flow

rate control valves

52 and 55. To do.

Note that a small amount of the spray medium 3 b may be supplied via the flow rate control valve 55 in order to prevent the liquid from being attached to the liquid fuel flow path 2.

The liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing through the spray medium flow path 3 are separated by the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a due to the difference in specific gravity between gas and liquid. That is, the swirl flow generator 62 installed in the spray medium flow path 3 induces a swirl flow velocity component in the circumferential direction in the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b. The centrifugal force that acts is also different.

The liquid fuel 2a having a large specific gravity works strongly and flows on the outer peripheral side. On the other hand, the spray medium 3b having a small specific gravity has a weak centrifugal force and flows on the inner peripheral side. Due to the difference in centrifugal force, the spray medium 3b having a small specific gravity mainly flows in the inner branch portion 63, and the liquid fuel 2a having a large specific gravity mainly flows in the outer branch portion 64, and both are separated.

For this reason, the liquid fuel 2a flows through the straight passage 10 from the outer branch portion 64, and is ejected from the lower ejection hole 4 to the outside of the spray nozzle 1 through the mixing passage 19a. The liquid fuel 2 a is atomized by the shearing force due to the difference in flow velocity with the gas around the spray nozzle 1 by jetting at a high speed and sprayed as a fan-type spray 33.

Further, the spray medium 3b flows through the straight flow path 12 from the inner branch portion 63 and is jetted out of the spray nozzle 1 from the upper jet hole 5 through the mixing flow path 21a. By causing the liquid fuel 2a to be ejected from only some of the ejection holes 4 at a low load, the amount of liquid fuel per ejection hole becomes larger than when ejecting from all of the ejection holes 4 and 5.

For this reason, the flame temperature in the spray combustion section formed downstream of the ejection hole 4 increases due to the large amount of liquid fuel per ejection hole, and the flame tends to stabilize. By stabilizing the flame, the emission of unburned CO (carbon monoxide) and soot is reduced, and the combustion device having the spray nozzle 1 can be operated from a lower load.

As described above, the swirling flow generator 62 is connected to the partition wall on the outer peripheral side, but is separated from the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side and has a gap. By fixing the swirling flow generator 62 to only one partition wall, it is not affected by deformation due to the difference in thermal expansion between the partition walls on the inner and outer periphery.

Therefore, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flow in the gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side, and the swirling flow velocity component is not added to the fluid flowing through this portion. In particular, the liquid fuel 2 a easily flows into the inner branch portion 63 by flowing on the central shaft 70.

In this case, since the liquid fuel 2a entering the outer branch portion 64 is reduced, the efficiency of gas-liquid separation is lowered, and the combustion apparatus having the spray nozzle 1 is less likely to stabilize the flame at a low load.

Therefore, an obstacle 71 that narrows the cross-sectional area of the spray medium flow path 3 from the inner peripheral side is provided on the central axis 70 side of the space 65 in the spray medium flow path 3 on the downstream side of the swirl flow generator 62. Then, the liquid fuel 2a flowing along the central axis 70 is induced to flow in the outer peripheral direction by the obstacle, and separated from the central axis 70 by the swirling flow of the liquid fuel 2a flowing through the space 65 and the spray medium 3b, Atomize.

At this time, the liquid fuel 2a is separated from the central shaft 70, and a swirl flow velocity component is obtained by joining with the mixed fluid. Centrifugal force is activated by the swirling flow velocity component, so that it easily flows into the outer branch portion 64.

As a result, the provision of the obstacle 71 increases the gas-liquid separation efficiency even when there is a gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side, and the combustion apparatus having the spray nozzle 1 generates a flame at a low load. It can be stabilized and operated from a lower load.

As described above, the obstacle 71 needs to work as an obstacle to the liquid fuel 2a flowing from the gap. For this reason, the reduction width of the cross-sectional area of the spraying medium flow path 3 narrowed by the obstacle 71 needs to be larger than the cross-sectional area of the gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the central axis 70 on the inner peripheral side. On the other hand, if the cross-sectional area of the spray medium flow path 3 is narrowed by more than half, the pressure loss of the fluid flowing inside increases, so the reduction width of the cross-sectional area of the spray medium flow path 3 narrowed by the obstacle 71 is for spraying. It is desirable that the cross-sectional area of the medium flow path 3 is not more than half.

Further, the merging portion of the liquid fuel supply system 44 on the upstream side of the spraying medium flow path 3 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a atomizing device 72 for atomizing the liquid fuel. The liquid fuel 2a supplied to the atomizing medium flow path 3 by the atomization device 72 is mixed with the atomizing medium 3b and supplied as atomized particles, so that the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b is homogeneous. It becomes a flow.

When the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied at a low flow rate due to the difference in specific gravity, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b may take the form of a plug flow that flows separately. In this case, the liquid fuel 2a is intermittently ejected from the lower ejection hole 4 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 by intermittently flowing through the spray medium flow path 3, and the stability of the flame is hindered. Some CO (carbon monoxide) and soot emissions will increase.

On the other hand, the use of the atomizer 72 makes it easy to maintain a homogeneous flow even at a low flow rate. For this reason, since the liquid fuel 2a is continuously ejected from the lower ejection hole 4 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1, the stability of the flame is maintained even at a low load, and CO (carbon monoxide) and soot that are unburned are discharged. Can be suppressed.

Moreover, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the case where a total of two

outlet holes

4 and 5 are provided at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 is shown for ease of explanation. May be increased to two or more. In this case, atomization of the liquid fuel 2a is further promoted by reducing the size of one outlet hole.

Further, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the spray

fluid flow paths

15 and 17 and the spray

medium flow paths

10 and 12 are provided in the outlet holes 4 and 5 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. Although the example which applied the spray nozzle which respectively connects and comprises a Y-shaped flow path was used, like the spray nozzle 1 of 1st Example, the fan spray type of which mixed fluid collides near an exit hole A spray nozzle, a liquid film type that induces a centrifugal force near the outlet hole, or a liquid column type spray nozzle that uses a high jet power may be used.

Moreover, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved by providing an obstacle 71 when there is a gap between the swirl flow generator 62 and the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side. A method of increasing the height is presented, but when the clearance between the swirling flow generator 62 and the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side is narrow, the obstacle 71 is not necessary, and the configuration without the obstacle 71 may be used. Furthermore, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the atomization device 72 is used to easily maintain a homogeneous flow even at a low flow rate. However, when a mixed fluid is sent at a high flow rate, etc. The structure excluding the atomization device 72 may be used.

Next, a spray nozzle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The spray nozzle 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is similar in basic structure to the spray nozzle 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. Therefore, the description of the configuration common to both is omitted, and only different portions will be described below.

　 Also in the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the spray fuel of the liquid fuel is atomized by the spray medium by the spray nozzle 1.

The structure of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 supplies the liquid fuel flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a as the spray fluid to the upstream side of the spray nozzle 1, and the spray medium 3b. A spray-type medium flow path 3, and a mixed fluid obtained by joining the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b at the tip end on the downstream side of the spray nozzle 1 is fan-shaped spray 33 at a high speed. A plurality of lower outlet holes 4 and upper outlet holes 5 are respectively provided for spraying the mixed fluid, which has been refined by being ejected to the outside, as sprays 34.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a is provided in the liquid fuel flow path 2, and the supply amount of the liquid fuel from the spray nozzle 1 is low and the load is low. Is configured such that both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b can be supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2 by adjusting the flow rates of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b.

The above-described spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment is different only in the installation position of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a and the supply flow path of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b at the time of low load. Therefore, in the description of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, portions different from the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment will be mainly described.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the spray medium flow path 3 for supplying the spray medium 3 b provided upstream of the spray nozzle 1 is concentric with the liquid fuel flow path 2. This is a circular channel.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 includes a swirl flow generator 62 that gives a swirl flow velocity to a fluid that flows in the middle of the liquid fuel flow path 2, and a space portion 65 that separates gas and liquid downstream of the swirl flow generator 62. In the downstream, an inner branch part 63 and an outer branch part 64 that branch the flow path concentrically inwardly and outwardly are provided.

Although the swirling flow generator 62 is connected to the partition wall on the outer peripheral side, it is separated from the partition wall 75 of the spray medium flow path on the inner peripheral side and has a gap. By fixing the swirling flow generator 62 to only one partition wall, the inner and outer partition walls are not deformed by the difference in thermal expansion.

On the partition wall 75 side of the space portion 65, there is an obstacle 71 that narrows the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel flow path 2 from the inner peripheral side.

The gas-liquid separation mechanism 6 a that separates the gas and liquid is configured by the swirl flow generator 62, the space 65, the inner branch 63, the outer branch 64, and the obstacle 71 provided in the middle of the liquid fuel flow path 2.

The outer branch section 64 on the downstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2 includes the inclined flow path 15 on the downstream side. In addition, the inner branch portion 63 on the downstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2 includes an inclined flow path 17 on the downstream side.

The inclined flow path 15 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the straight flow path 10 branched from the spray medium flow path 3 merge to form a mixing flow path 19 a on the downstream side of the straight flow path 10. The downstream end of the mixing channel 19 a is connected to the lower outlet hole 4 provided on the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

Further, the inclined flow path 17 branched from the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the straight flow path 12 branched from the spraying medium flow path 3 are communicated and merged, and the mixing flow path 21 a is arranged downstream of the straight flow path 12. Form.

The mixing channel 21 a is connected at its downstream end to the upper outlet hole 5 provided on the inclined surface 25 at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

flow paths

sprays

33 and 34 to the outside of the spray nozzle 1.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the spray nozzle as seen from the tip side of the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. Further, the cross-sectional position of the cross-sectional view of the spray nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 8 is indicated by an arrow AA in FIG.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spray medium flow path 3 have a liquid fuel supply system 44 for supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the upstream side thereof. And a spray medium supply system 45 for supplying the spray medium 3b to the spray medium flow path 3 is connected.

Further, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, the spray medium supply system 45 is connected to the upstream liquid fuel passage 2 through the branch system 45 a together with the liquid fuel supply system 44.

These supply systems are connected to the liquid fuel supply system 44 and the atomizing medium supply system 45 via the flow

rate control valves

53, 54, and 55.

Further, at the junction with the liquid fuel supply system 44 on the upstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2 shown in FIG. 8, a atomizer 72 for atomizing the liquid fuel is installed, and the atomizer 72 is used for spraying. A branch system 45a branched from the medium supply system 45 is connected.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the atomizer 72 is provided with an obstacle 74 at the liquid fuel outlet 73 of the atomizer 72, and the liquid fuel 2 a collides with the obstacle 74 to atomize the liquid fuel 2 a. It is configured as follows.

The liquid fuel flow path 2 and the spraying medium flow path 3 are arranged, for example, by arranging the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the center side which is the axial center side of the spray nozzle 1, and this liquid fuel flow path. The spray medium flow path 3 is arranged in an annular shape concentrically with the liquid fuel flow path 2 on the outer peripheral side of the structure 2, or the flow paths are separately arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the spray nozzle 1 May be adopted.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, a liquid fuel supply system for supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the burner having the spray nozzle of the embodiment described later, Based on a control signal output from the control device 100 according to the load L by operating a flow rate adjusting valve provided in the spray medium supply system for supplying the spray medium 3b to the fog medium flow path 3. When the load of the spray nozzle 1 is low, the flow rates of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are adjusted so that both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b can be supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2. It is composed.

In the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, both fluids of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the liquid fuel passage 2 at a low load. A gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a for separating the gas and liquid is provided inside to separate the mixed fluid.

Next, the operating state of the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 will be described.

flow control valves

54 and 55 provided in the spray medium supply system 45 for supplying the supply system 44 and the spray medium 3 b to the fog medium flow path 3 are operated, and the liquid of the spray nozzle 1 is supplied through the liquid fuel supply system 44. Liquid fuel 2 a is supplied to the fuel flow path 2, and a gas spray medium 3 b such as air or steam is supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 through the spray medium supply system 45.

At this time, by supplying the liquid fuel 2a to the liquid fuel flow path 2 through the bypass flow path 76, it is possible to suppress pressure loss due to a large amount of liquid fuel 2a flowing through the atomization device 72.

The liquid fuel 2a supplied to the spray nozzle 1 flows from the liquid fuel passage 2 into the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a installed in the liquid fuel passage 2.

Since only one kind of liquid of the liquid fuel 2a flows through the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a, the liquid fuel 2a flows through the inner branch portion 63 and the outer branch portion 64. For this reason, at the time of high load operation, the liquid fuel 2a flows from the

branch parts

63 and 64 installed on the downstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2 to any of the

inclined flow paths

15 and 17 communicating with the downstream side.

The spraying medium 3 b flows down from the spraying medium flow path 3 through the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 branched on the downstream side of the spraying medium flow path 3.

The spray medium 3b flowing in the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 communicates with the

inclined flow paths

15 and 17 on the downstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2 so that the

straight flow paths

10 and 12 communicate with each other. , 12 is mixed with the liquid fuel 2a flowing through the

inclined flow paths

15, 17 in the mixing

flow paths

19a, 21a on the downstream side of the

straight flow paths

10, 12.

channels

fan sprays

33 and 34.

When the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is operated in a low load operation, the flow

rate control valves

53 and 54 and the liquid fuel passage 2 are set in the liquid fuel passage 2 based on the control signal output from the control device 100 corresponding to the load L. The flow rates of the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b are adjusted via 55 to supply both the liquid fuel 2 a and the spray medium 3 b to the liquid fuel flow path 2.

Further, the spraying medium flow path 3 may be closed, or a smaller amount of the spraying medium 3 b may be supplied via the flow rate control valve 55 than when the load is high. Further, it is desirable that the flow rate adjusting valve 53 of the branch system 45a is closed so that the entire amount of the liquid fuel 2a passes through the atomizer 72.

The liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing through the liquid fuel flow path 2 are separated by the difference in specific gravity between the gas and the liquid by the swirling flow generator 62 constituting the gas-liquid separation mechanism 6a provided in the liquid fuel flow path 2. .

That is, the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flowing down the liquid fuel flow path 2 by the swirl flow generator 62 is induced in the swirl flow velocity component in the circumferential direction. The power is also different.

The liquid fuel 2a having a large specific gravity works strongly and flows on the outer peripheral side. On the other hand, the spray medium 3b having a small specific gravity has a weak centrifugal force and flows on the inner peripheral side.

Due to the difference in centrifugal force, the spray medium 3b having a small specific gravity mainly flows in the inner branch portion 63, and the liquid fuel 2a having a large specific gravity mainly flows in the outer branch portion 64, and both are separated.

For this reason, the liquid fuel 2a flows through the inclined flow path 15 communicating downstream from the outer branch portion 64 of the liquid fuel flow path 2, and is ejected to the outside from the lower ejection hole 4 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. .

Then, the liquid fuel 2a is atomized and sprayed by a shearing force due to a flow velocity difference from the gas around the spray nozzle 1 due to high-speed ejection.

Further, the spray medium 3 b flows through the inclined channel 17 communicating downstream from the inner branch portion 63 of the liquid fuel channel 2, and is ejected to the outside from the upper ejection hole 5 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1.

When the liquid fuel 2a is ejected only from a part of the ejection holes 4 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1 when the load is low, the amount of liquid fuel per ejection hole is larger than that of ejection from all the ejection holes 4 and 5. And increase.

For this reason, the flame temperature in the spray combustion section formed downstream of the ejection hole 4 increases due to the large amount of liquid fuel per ejection hole, and the flame tends to stabilize.

The stabilization of the flame reduces the emission of unburned CO (carbon monoxide) and soot, and the combustion apparatus having the spray nozzle 1 can be operated from a lower load.

As described above, the swirling flow generator 62 is connected to the partition wall on the outer peripheral side, but is separated from the partition wall 75 on the inner peripheral side and has a gap.

By fixing the swirling flow generator 62 to only one partition wall, the inner and outer partition walls are not deformed by the difference in thermal expansion. For this reason, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flow in the gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the partition wall 75 on the inner peripheral side, and the swirling flow velocity component is not added to the fluid flowing through this portion.

In particular, since the liquid fuel 2a flows while adhering to the partition wall 75 on the inner peripheral side, the liquid fuel 2a easily enters the inner branch portion 63. In this case, since the liquid fuel 2a entering the outer branch portion 64 is reduced, the efficiency of gas-liquid separation is reduced, and the combustion apparatus having the spray nozzle 1 is less likely to stabilize the flame at a low load.

If an obstacle 71 that narrows the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel flow path 2 from the inner peripheral side is provided in the inner peripheral side partition wall 75 in the space portion 65 on the downstream side of the swirling flow generator 62, it flows along the partition wall 75. The liquid fuel 2a is induced to flow in the outer circumferential direction by an obstacle, and is separated and atomized from the central shaft 70 by the swirling flow of the liquid fuel 2a flowing through the space 65 and the spray medium 3b.

At this time, the liquid fuel 2a obtains the swirling flow velocity, so that the centrifugal force works to easily flow into the outer branch portion 64. For this reason, by providing the obstacle 71, the gas-liquid separation efficiency is increased even when there is a gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the partition wall 75 on the inner peripheral side, and the combustion device having the spray nozzle 1 has a stable flame at a low load. And can be operated from a lower load.

As described above, the obstacle 71 needs to work as an obstacle to the liquid fuel 2a flowing from the gap. For this reason, the reduction width of the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel flow path 2 narrowed by the obstacle 71 needs to be larger than the cross-sectional area of the gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the inner circumferential partition 75. On the other hand, if the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel flow path 2 is reduced by more than half, the pressure loss of the fluid flowing inside increases, so the reduction width of the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel flow path 2 narrowed by the obstacle 71 is the liquid fuel flow path. It is desirable to make it less than half of the cross-sectional area of 2.

Further, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8, fine particles for atomizing the liquid fuel are formed at the junction of the liquid fuel supply system 44 and the spray medium supply system 45 on the upstream side of the liquid fuel flow path 2. An oxidizer 72 is installed.

The liquid fuel 2a supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2 by the atomizer 72 is mixed with the spray medium 3b and supplied as spray particles, so that the mixed fluid of the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b flows homogeneously. It becomes.

When the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied at a low flow rate due to the difference in specific gravity, the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b may take the form of a plug flow that flows separately. In this case, the liquid fuel 2a is intermittently ejected from the lower ejection hole 4 by intermittently flowing through the spraying medium flow path, the flame stability is inhibited, and CO (carbon monoxide) which is an unburned component. Emissions of dust will increase.

On the other hand, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment, it is easy to maintain a homogeneous flow even at a low flow rate by using the atomizer 72. For this reason, since the liquid fuel 2a is continuously ejected from the lower ejection hole 4, the stability of the flame is maintained even at a low load, and emission of CO (carbon monoxide) and soot that are unburned components can be suppressed.

In addition, in the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the case where a total of two

outlet holes

4 and 5 are provided is shown for ease of explanation, but there are two or more outlet holes. May be increased to individual. In this case, atomization of the liquid fuel 2a is further promoted by reducing the size of one outlet hole.

Further, in the spray nozzle of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the spray

fluid flow paths

15 and 17 and the spray

medium flow paths

10 and 12 are respectively provided in the outlet holes 4 and 5 opened at the tip of the spray nozzle 1. Although the example which applied the spray nozzle which connects and comprises a Y-shaped flow path was used, the fan spray type spray nozzle with which a mixed fluid collides near an exit hole similarly to the spray nozzle of 1st Example Alternatively, a liquid film type spray nozzle that induces centrifugal force near the outlet hole, or a liquid column type spray nozzle that uses high jet power may be used.

Further, in the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved by providing an obstacle 71 when there is a gap between the swirling flow generator 62 and the central shaft 70 on the inner peripheral side. Although a method is presented, when the clearance between the swirling flow generator 62 and the inner peripheral central shaft 70 is narrow, the obstacle 71 is not necessary, and the structure without the obstacle 71 may be used. Further, in the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the atomization device 72 is used to easily maintain a homogeneous flow even at a low flow rate. The structure excluding the converter 72 may also be used.

Next, a burner equipped with a spray nozzle according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 10 shows a burner 30 having a spray nozzle according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

The burner 30 having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 2 and the second embodiment shown in FIGS. The spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 or the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 is employed.

As described above, the spray nozzle 1 used in the burner 30 having the spray nozzle of each of the above-described embodiments is the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment, the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment, and the spray of the third embodiment. Since the same nozzle 1 or the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment is employed, the description of the spray nozzle 1 used in the burner 30 provided with the spray nozzle of the present embodiment is omitted.

The burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the spray fluid flow path 2 for supplying the liquid fuel 2 a as the spray fluid to the central shaft 31 and the spray fluid flow path 2. There are provided spraying medium flow paths 3 for supplying a spraying medium 3b used for spraying the liquid fuel 2a, and the mixture of the liquid fuel 2a and the spraying medium 3b is mixed at the tip of the burner 30. A spray nozzle 1 for ejecting fluid as

fan sprays

33 and 34 to the outside is provided.

The burner 30 has an obstacle 32 for stabilizing the flame near the tip of the central shaft 31. As the obstacle 32, a swirling blade for generating a swirling flow, a baffle plate having a slit, or the like is generally used. The spray nozzle 1 is formed so as to eject fan-shaped

sprays

33 and 34 to the outside. The burner 30 is connected to the furnace wall 35.

In the case of the burner 30 having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the combustion air is divided into three flow paths from the wind box 36 and supplied into the furnace.

These flow paths are called a primary flow path 37, a secondary flow path 38, and a tertiary flow path 39 from the side closer to the central axis 31 of the burner 30. Combustion air is ejected from the primary flow path 37, the secondary flow path 38, and the tertiary flow path 39 into the furnace 43 as primary air 40, secondary air 41, and tertiary air 42, respectively. ing.

Combustion air is ejected from the spray nozzle 1 by changing the swirling force, the ejection direction, and the flow rate by a swirling flow generator, a flow direction deflecting plate, and a flow rate adjusting damper (not shown) provided in the flow paths 37 to 39. Mixing with liquid fuel is adjusted to suppress generation of dust and NOx.

The spray nozzle 1 of the burner 30 is provided with a liquid fuel supply system 44 connected to supply liquid fuel 2a as fuel to the spray fluid flow path 2, and a spray medium 3b for use in spraying the liquid fuel 2a. A spray medium supply system 45 connected so as to be supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 is provided.

The burner provided with the spray nozzle of the present embodiment includes the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment, the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment, the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment, or the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment. Used to supply liquid fuel 2a to the spray fluid flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1 and supply the spray medium 3b to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 at high load. In addition,

flow control valves

54 and 55 are provided in the liquid fuel supply system 44 and the atomizing medium supply system 45, respectively, and the

flow control valves

54 and 55 are operated by a control signal output from the control signal 100 to thereby generate a spray fluid flow. The flow rates of the liquid fuel 2a supplied to the passage 2 or the spray medium 3b supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 are adjusted.

And at the time of low load, in order to be able to supply both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment and the third embodiment, or In order to make it possible to supply both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b to the spray fluid passage 2 of the spray nozzle 1 of the second and fourth embodiments at low load, the liquid fuel supply system A branch flow path 44a is provided that branches from 44 and supplies the liquid fuel 2a to the spray medium flow path 3, and branches from the spray medium supply system 45 to supply the spray medium 3b to the spray fluid flow path 2. And a

flow control valve

52, 53 is provided in each of the branch flow path 44a and the branch flow path 45, and a control signal output from the control device 100 when the load L is low. Operated by these flow rates In addition to the operation of the

node valves

54 and 55, the liquid fuel 2a supplied to the spraying medium flow path 3 through the branch flow path 44a and the branch flow path 45 or the spraying medium 3b supplied to the spray fluid flow path 2 The flow rate is adjusted individually.

When the load L is high, the liquid fuel 2a is supplied to the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment and the spray fluid passage 2 of the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment, and the spray medium passage of the spray nozzle 1 is used. The flow control valves 52 to 55 are operated so as to supply the spray medium 3b to the nozzle 3, and the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment and the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment are sprayed at a high load. The atomizing medium 3b is supplied to the medium flow path 3, and the flow rate adjusting valves 52 to 55 are operated so as to supply both the liquid fuel 2a and the atomizing medium 3b to the atomizing fluid path 2 of the spray nozzle 1. Since the explanation to be made has already been explained in the spray nozzle 1 of each of the previous embodiments, explanation here is omitted.

Similarly, when the load is low, both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment and the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment, and the spray nozzle A description is given of the operation of the flow rate control valves 52 to 55 so as to close the supply of the spray medium 3b to one spray fluid channel 2, and the spray nozzle 1 and the fourth embodiment of the second embodiment at low load. Both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the spray fluid channel 2 of the spray nozzle 1 of the example, and the supply of the spray medium 3b to the spray medium channel 3 of the spray nozzle 1 is closed. The description of operating each of the flow rate control valves 52 to 55 has already been described with respect to the spray nozzle 1 of each of the previous embodiments, and thus description thereof is omitted here.

In the burner 30 equipped with the spray nozzle of this embodiment, an ignition device 46 is provided in the vicinity of the spray nozzle 1. As an example of the ignition device 46, there is a method of giving energy to the oil spray particles by an electric spark.

According to the present embodiment, the finely mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel and the spray medium are mixed and the combustion gas are sufficiently mixed around the spray nozzle over a wide load range from a low load to a high load. This makes it possible to realize a burner equipped with a spray nozzle that suppresses the generation of dust and CO (carbon monoxide) combustion emissions.

Next, a combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 11 shows a furnace 43 which is a combustion apparatus provided with a burner having a spray nozzle according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the furnace 43 which is a combustion apparatus provided with the burner having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment, a plurality of burners 30 having the spray nozzle are provided.

A plurality of burners 30 provided in the furnace 43, which is a combustion apparatus having a burner having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 11, are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 as spray nozzles provided in the burner 30. The spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment, the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, or FIGS. The spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.

As described above, the spray nozzle 1 used in the burner 30 installed in the furnace 43, which is a combustion apparatus including the burner having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment, is the same as that of the spray nozzles 1 to 4 of the first embodiment. Since the same thing as the spray nozzle 1 is employ | adopted, description of the spray nozzle 1 used for the furnace 43 which is a combustion apparatus provided with the burner which has the spray nozzle of a present Example is abbreviate | omitted.

In the furnace 43 which is a combustion apparatus provided with the burner having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the combustion air supplied to the furnace 43 is the air serving as the burner 30 and the supply system downstream of the burner 30. Each is supplied from the supply port 47 into the furnace 43.

In this way, the combustion air is divided into the burner 30 and the air supply port 47 and supplied to the furnace 43, whereby the temperature of the flame formed by burning the fuel in the furnace 43 by the burner 30 is reduced.

Furthermore, in the furnace 43 of the present embodiment, by burning the fuel in the air-deficient state in the vicinity of the burner 30, a part of nitrogen contained in the fuel is generated as a reducing agent, and NOx generated by the combustion. A reaction occurs in which is reduced to nitrogen.

As a result, the NOx concentration at the outlet of the furnace 43 can be reduced as compared with the case where all the combustion air is supplied from the burner 30 to the furnace.

The combustion air supplied to the furnace 43 not only supplies the combustion air from the burner 30, but also supplies the remaining combustion air from the air supply port 47 of the furnace 43. It can be made to burn, and it becomes possible to reduce an unburned part.

The combustion gas 48 generated by burning the fuel in the furnace 43 heats the heat exchanger 49 disposed in the upper portion of the furnace 43 to generate steam, and is then disposed downstream of the heat exchanger 49. It passes through the flues 50 and is discharged from the chimney 51 to the atmosphere.

In the furnace 43 which is a combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle of the present embodiment, a plurality of spray nozzles 1 provided in the burner 30 shown in FIG. 10 are shown in FIGS. Spray nozzle 1 of the embodiment, spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, or shown in FIGS. Since the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment is adopted, among the plurality of flow paths arranged in the spray nozzle 1 according to the supply amount of the liquid fuel corresponding to the load, the flow path to be used according to the load state is used. Will be different.

In the case of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, when the load is low, the spray nozzle 1 is branched from the liquid fuel supply system 44. By operating the flow rate control valve 52 provided in the branch system 44a, the liquid fuel 2a is supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 through the liquid fuel supply system 44 and the branch system 44a, and is supplied through the spray medium supply system 45. Mixed with the spraying medium 3b.

The spray medium supply system 45 of the spray nozzle 1 not only supplies the spray medium 3 b to the spray medium flow path 3 but also the flow rate provided in the branch system 45 a branched from the spray medium supply system 45. The control valve 53 is operated to supply a small amount of the spray medium 3b to the liquid fuel flow path 2 through the spray medium supply system 45 and the branch system 45a.

In addition, when the load is low, the spray medium 3b is supplied to the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1 to prevent the liquid fuel 2a from remaining or solidified in the liquid fuel flow path 2 and the resulting blockage of the flow path. I can do it.

In this case, as the spray medium 3b, it is preferable to use air rather than vapor that easily liquefies in a small amount. When steam is used as the spraying medium 3b, it is desirable to introduce air by providing a separate air pipe.

Further, when the load L is high, a flow rate adjusting valve 54 provided in the liquid fuel supply system 44 and a flow rate adjusting valve 55 provided in the spray medium supply system 45 by a control signal output from the control device 100. The liquid fuel 2a is supplied from the liquid fuel supply system 44 to the liquid fuel flow path 2 of the spray nozzle 1, and the spray medium is supplied from the spray medium supply system 45 to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1. 3b Adjust the supply flow rate.

During high load, the liquid fuel 2a is supplied to the spray fluid passage 2 of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment and the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment, and sprayed to the spray medium passage 3 of the spray nozzle 1. Explanation of operating the flow rate control valves 52 to 55 so as to supply the medium 3b, and the spray medium flow path of the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment and the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment at high load The operation of the flow rate control valves 52 to 55 so that both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the spray fluid passage 2 of the spray nozzle 1 while the spray medium 3b is supplied to the spray nozzle 3. Is already explained in the spray nozzle 1 of each of the previous embodiments, and the explanation is omitted here.

Similarly, when the load is low, both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment and the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment, and the spray nozzle The flow control valves 52 to 55 are each operated so as to close the supply of the spray medium 3b to one spray fluid flow path 2, and the spray fluid flow of the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment at low load Both the liquid fuel 2a and the spray medium 3b are supplied to the passage 2, and the flow rate adjusting valves 52 to 55 are respectively set so as to close the supply of the spray medium 3b to the spray medium flow path 3 of the spray nozzle 1. Since the explanation of the operation has already been explained in the spray nozzle 1 of each of the previous embodiments, the explanation here is omitted.

Further, when the spray nozzle 1 is started and stopped, the flow rate adjusting valve 53 is operated from the spray medium supply system 45 to supply a part of the spray medium 3b to the liquid fuel flow path 2 and remain in the flow path. The liquid fuel 2a is removed.

In addition, operation of the above-mentioned

flow control valves

54 and 55 is an example, and other flow control valves may be used.

In the combustion apparatus provided with the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 of the fifth embodiment and the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the spray nozzle 1 in the case of low load. Only the fan-shaped spray 33 of the refined mixed fluid is ejected from the lower outlet hole 4 to the outside.

As described above, in the combustion apparatus including the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 of the fifth embodiment and the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. Since it is possible to spray from the spray nozzle 1 with a high spray pressure and an appropriate gas-liquid ratio, the characteristics of the spray at the center and the outer periphery of the fan spray 33 are maintained over a wide load range, Contributes to the suppression of combustion emissions.

Further, in the combustion apparatus provided with the burner having the spray nozzle 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, the liquid fuel 2a is ejected only from a part of the ejection holes 4 at a low load, so the liquid fuel per ejection hole The amount is larger than when the liquid fuel 2a is ejected from all the ejection holes 4 and 5. For this reason, the flame temperature of the spray combustion part formed downstream of the ejection hole 4 increases due to the large amount of liquid fuel, and the flame is easily stabilized. By stabilizing the flame, the emission of CO (carbon monoxide) and soot, which are unburned, is reduced, and the combustion apparatus including the burner having the spray nozzle 1 can be operated from a lower load.

Further, when the combustion apparatus of the present embodiment is a combustion apparatus including the burner 30 including the spray nozzle 1 of the fifth embodiment, ignition is performed in the vicinity of the outlet holes 4 and 5 of the spray nozzle 1 that ejects the liquid fuel 2a. If the device 46 is arranged, it is possible to cope with one spray nozzle 1 over a wide load range from a low load ignition operation to a high load.

In the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 and the furnace 43 of the combustion apparatus having the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. Although the case where the liquid fuel 2a is used is shown, the case of using the solid fuel such as pulverized coal as the main fuel and the liquid fuel 2a as the auxiliary fuel is also the case of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. The spray nozzle 1, the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, or the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. The spray nozzle 1 of the example can be employed.

In this case, the above-described effect can be obtained when the liquid fuel 2a is sprayed from the spray nozzle 1 into the furnace.

In the case of the furnace 43 which is a combustion apparatus including a burner having the spray nozzle of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 11, an example in which combustion air is branched and supplied to the burner 30 and the air supply port 47 is shown. Even when the combustion air is supplied only to the burner 30, the spray nozzle 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, and FIGS. The spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7 or the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 9 is used as a combustion apparatus including a burner 30 including the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment. Can be applied.

Moreover, although the case where the burner 30 provided with the spray nozzle 1 is provided on one furnace wall 35 of the furnace 43 is shown in the present embodiment, the burner 30 provided with the spray nozzle 1 is provided on the furnace wall 35 of a plurality of wall surfaces. 1 or 2 and the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the spray nozzle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. Combustion provided with the burner 30 having the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment in place of the spray nozzle 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 or the spray nozzle 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. It can be applied to the device.

According to the present embodiment, the finely mixed fluid in which the liquid fuel and the spray medium are mixed and the combustion gas are sufficiently mixed around the spray nozzle over a wide load range from a low load to a high load. This makes it possible to realize a combustion apparatus including a burner having a spray nozzle that suppresses the generation of dust and CO (carbon monoxide) combustion emissions.

1: spray nozzle, 2a: liquid fuel, 2: liquid fuel channel, 3b: spray medium, 3: spray medium channel, 4: lower outlet hole, 5: upper outlet hole, 6a, 6b: gas-liquid Separation mechanism, 7: lower branching section, 8: upper branching section, 9, 11 bent channel, 10, 12: straight channel, 14-17: inclined channel, 18-21: counter channel, 19a, 21a : Mixing channel, 22: partition, 23: structure, 25: inclined surface, 30: burner, 31: central axis, 32: obstacle, 33, 34: fan-shaped spray, 35: furnace wall, 36: window Box: 37: Primary flow path, 38: Secondary flow path, 39: Tertiary flow path, 40: Flow of primary air, 41: Flow of secondary air, 42: Flow of tertiary air, 43: Furnace 44: Liquid fuel supply system, 44a, 45a: Branch system, 45: Spray medium supply system, 46: Ignition device, 47: Air injection 48: combustion gas flow, 49: heat exchanger, 50: flue, 51: chimney, 52-55: flow control valve, 61: spray nozzle, 62: swirl flow generator, 63: inner branch, 64 : Outer branch part, 65: Space part, 70: Center axis, 71: Obstacle, 72: Atomization device, 73 Liquid fuel outlet, 74: Obstacle, 75: Partition wall, 76: Bypass channel, 100: Control device .

Claims

A spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided.
The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the spray nozzle that spouts
A first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel to the downstream side of the spray fluid channel and a second branch branched from the spray medium channel to the downstream side of the spray medium channel inside the spray nozzle. Each of the branch channels is arranged,
The spray fluid flowing down the first branch flow path and the second branch are arranged so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle. The mixed fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the flow path is configured to flow down,
A plurality of pairs of opposing flow paths for causing the mixed fluid mixed with the spray fluid and the spraying medium to face down and collide with each other on the downstream side of the second branch flow path in the vicinity of the tip of the spray nozzle;
Connecting the opposed flow path to the outlet hole so that the mixed fluid colliding in the opposed flow path is ejected to the outside from the outlet hole;
A gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray medium flow path, and a branching portion for branching the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. The spray nozzle is configured to connect the plurality of branched portions to different outlet holes through the opposed flow passages disposed on the downstream side.
The spray nozzle according to claim 1.
The spray medium flow path is disposed on the axial center side of the spray nozzle,
The spray fluid channel is disposed in the spray nozzle on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium channel,
As the gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid from the spray fluid and the spray medium, a separation mechanism that uses gravity in the space, or a swirl flow generator that induces a flow velocity component in the circumferential direction with respect to the flow A spray nozzle characterized by being formed inside a spray medium passage.
The spray nozzle according to claim 2,
The spray medium flow path is disposed on the axial center side of the spray nozzle to supply a spray fluid that is a fuel during a high load operation, and to spray the spray fluid that is a fuel and a spray of the spray fluid during a low load operation. Supply both of the spray media used,
The spraying fluid channel is configured to supply the spraying fluid as a fuel during high load operation by disposing the spraying fluid channel on the spraying nozzle on the outer peripheral side of the spraying medium channel.
A spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided.
The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the spray nozzle that spouts
A first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel to the downstream side of the spray fluid channel and a second branch branched from the spray medium channel to the downstream side of the spray medium channel inside the spray nozzle. Each of the branch channels is arranged,
The spray fluid flowing down the first branch flow path and the second branch are arranged so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle. The mixed fluid mixed with the spray medium flowing down the flow path is configured to flow down,
A plurality of pairs of opposing flow paths for causing the mixed fluid mixed with the spray fluid and the spraying medium to face down and collide with each other on the downstream side of the second branch flow path in the vicinity of the tip of the spray nozzle;
Connecting the opposed flow path to the outlet hole so that the mixed fluid colliding in the opposed flow path is ejected to the outside from the outlet hole;
Forming a gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium inside the spray fluid flow path and providing a branching portion that branches the flow path into a plurality of downstream sides of the gas-liquid separation mechanism; The spray nozzle, wherein the plurality of branched portions are connected to different outlet holes through the opposing flow passages arranged on the downstream side.
The spray nozzle according to claim 4.
The spray medium flow path is disposed on the axial center side of the spray nozzle,
The spray fluid channel is disposed in the spray nozzle on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium channel,
As the gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid from the spray fluid and the spray medium, the gas-liquid separation mechanism using gravity in the space, or the swirl flow generator for inducing a flow velocity component in the circumferential direction with respect to the flow Is installed in the spray fluid flow path.
The spray nozzle according to claim 5,
The spray medium flow path is arranged on the axial center side of the spray nozzle to supply the spray medium during high load operation,
The spray fluid flow path is disposed in the spray nozzle on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium flow path to supply the spray fluid that is fuel during high load operation, and the spray fluid that is fuel during low load operation A spray nozzle configured to supply both a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid.
A spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided.
The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the spray nozzle that spouts
A first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel to the downstream side of the spray fluid channel and a second branch branched from the spray medium channel to the downstream side of the spray medium channel inside the spray nozzle. Each of the branch channels is arranged,
The first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle, and the spray fluid flowing down the first branch passage and the spray flowing down the second branch passage. A mixed fluid flow path where the mixed fluid mixed with the working medium flows down and is connected to the outlet hole is disposed downstream of the second branch flow path;
A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray-medium medium flow path, and a branching portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of channels is provided downstream of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. Provided and connected to the different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow paths disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow paths by connecting the plurality of branched branches to the second branch flow paths, respectively. A spray nozzle characterized by being configured to do so.
The spray nozzle according to claim 7,
The spraying medium flow path supplies both the spraying fluid used as fuel and the spraying medium used for spraying the spraying fluid during low load operation while supplying the spraying medium during high load operation.
The spray nozzle, wherein the spray fluid passage is configured to supply a spray fluid that is a fuel during high load operation.
A spray fluid flow path for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium flow path for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided.
The mixed fluid obtained by mixing the spray fluid flowing in the spray fluid flow path provided in the spray nozzle and the spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path is externally provided through a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle. In the spray nozzle that spouts
A first branch channel branched from the spray fluid channel to the downstream side of the spray fluid channel and a second branch branched from the spray medium channel to the downstream side of the spray medium channel inside the spray nozzle. Each of the branch channels is arranged,
The first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle, and the spray fluid flowing down the first branch passage and the spray flowing down the second branch passage. A mixed fluid flow path where the mixed fluid mixed with the working medium flows down and is connected to the outlet hole is disposed downstream of the second branch flow path;
A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the spray fluid flow path, and a branching portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of channels is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism The plurality of branched branches are connected to the first branch flow path, thereby connecting to the different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow paths disposed downstream of the second branch flow paths. A spray nozzle characterized by being configured as described above.
The spray nozzle according to claim 9,
The spray medium flow path supplies a spray medium,
The spray fluid flow path is configured to supply both the spray fluid that is fuel during low load operation and the spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid, and supply the spray fluid that is fuel during high load. A spray nozzle characterized by that.
The spray nozzle according to claim 7 or 9,
As the gas-liquid separation mechanism, a swirling flow generator for inducing a swirling flow velocity component in an annular flow path and a branching section for concentrically dividing the flow path are provided downstream thereof, An atomizing nozzle comprising an annular channel provided with an obstacle that narrows the channel cross-sectional area from the inner peripheral side.
The spray nozzle according to any one of claims 3, 6, 8, or 10,
And a atomizing device for atomizing and merging the spray fluid at a merging portion of a flow path for supplying both the spray fluid as fuel and a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid during low load operation. Spray nozzle to do.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Sprays that are respectively provided with paths, are arranged so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and flow down the first branch flow path. A fluid and a spraying medium flowing down the second branch channel. The combined fluid is configured to flow down, and the mixed fluid, in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed, is flowed oppositely to the downstream side of the second branch channel near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of opposed flow paths to be collided are arranged, and the opposed flow paths are respectively connected to the outlet holes so that the mixed fluid collided in the opposed flow paths is ejected to the outside from the outlet holes. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the medium flow path, and a branch portion that branches the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. A burner provided with a spray nozzle configured to connect the branching portion branched into different outlet holes through the opposing flow passages arranged on the downstream side,
A fuel supply system that supplies the fuel as a spray fluid to the spray nozzle is disposed, and a spray medium supply system that supplies steam or compressed air to the spray nozzle as a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid is disposed. A burner equipped with a spray nozzle characterized by the above.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Sprays that are respectively provided with paths, are arranged so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and flow down the first branch flow path. A fluid and a spraying medium flowing down the second branch channel. The combined fluid is configured to flow down, and the mixed fluid, in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed, is flowed oppositely to the downstream side of the second branch channel near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of pairs of opposed flow paths to be collided are disposed, and the opposed flow paths are respectively connected to the outlet holes so that the mixed fluid colliding in the opposed flow paths is ejected to the outside from the outlet holes, and the spray fluid A gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the flow path, and a branching portion for branching the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. A burner comprising spray nozzles configured to connect branched branch portions to different outlet holes through the opposing flow paths disposed on the downstream side,
A fuel supply system that supplies the fuel as a spray fluid to the spray nozzle is disposed, and a spray medium supply system that supplies steam or compressed air to the spray nozzle as a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid is disposed. A burner equipped with a spray nozzle characterized by the above.
In the burner provided with the spray nozzle according to claim 13,
A first branch system that branches from a fuel supply system that supplies a spray fluid as fuel to a spray nozzle provided in the burner and is connected to a spray medium supply system;
A second branch system that branches from a spray medium supply system that supplies a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid to a spray nozzle provided in the burner and connects to a fuel supply system;
The fuel supply system, the spray medium supply system, the first branch system, and the second branch system are each provided with a flow control valve,
A burner provided with a spray nozzle, characterized in that a control device is provided for outputting a control signal to these flow control valves according to a load and operating the flow control valves.
In the burner provided with the spray nozzle according to claim 14,
A first branch system that branches from a fuel supply system that supplies a spray fluid as fuel to a spray nozzle provided in the burner and is connected to a spray medium supply system;
A second branch system that branches from a spray medium supply system that supplies a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid to a spray nozzle provided in the burner and connects to a fuel supply system;
The fuel supply system, the spray medium supply system, the first branch system, and the second branch system are each provided with a flow control valve,
A burner provided with a spray nozzle, characterized in that a control device is provided for outputting a control signal to these flow control valves according to a load and operating the flow control valves.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Each of the passages, the first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle, the spray fluid flowing down the first branch passage, and the second Mixed fluid mixed with spraying medium flowing down the branch channel A mixed fluid flow path that flows down and connects to the outlet hole is disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path to separate the gas and liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium inside the spray medium flow path. A gas-liquid separation mechanism is provided, and a branching portion for branching the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided downstream of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, and each of the plurality of branching branches is connected to the second branch flow path. A burner comprising spray nozzles configured to be connected to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path,
A fuel supply system that supplies the fuel as a spray fluid to the spray nozzle is disposed, and a spray medium supply system that supplies steam or compressed air to the spray nozzle as a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid is disposed. A burner equipped with a spray nozzle characterized by the above.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Each of the passages, the first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle, the spray fluid flowing down the first branch passage, and the second Mixed fluid mixed with spraying medium flowing down the branch channel A mixed fluid flow path that flows down and connects to the outlet hole is disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path, and gas and liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium are separated inside the spray fluid flow path. A gas-liquid separation mechanism is formed, and a branching portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, and each of the plurality of branching branches is connected to the first branch flow path. And a burner comprising spray nozzles configured to connect to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed downstream of the second branch flow path,
A fuel supply system that supplies the fuel as a spray fluid to the spray nozzle is disposed, and a spray medium supply system that supplies steam or compressed air to the spray nozzle as a spray medium used for spraying the spray fluid is disposed. A burner equipped with a spray nozzle characterized by the above.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Sprays that are respectively provided with paths, are arranged so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and flow down the first branch flow path. A fluid and a spraying medium flowing down the second branch channel. The combined fluid is configured to flow down, and the mixed fluid, in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed, is flowed oppositely to the downstream side of the second branch channel near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of opposed flow paths to be collided are arranged, and the opposed flow paths are respectively connected to the outlet holes so that the mixed fluid collided in the opposed flow paths is ejected to the outside from the outlet holes. A gas-liquid separation mechanism that separates the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the medium flow path, and a branch portion that branches the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle configured to connect a branching portion branched into different outlet holes through the opposed flow passages arranged on the downstream side,
A combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace, the fuel supply system, and the combustion gas supply system A burner connected and combusted on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle, characterized by having a flue to be supplied.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Sprays that are respectively provided with paths, are arranged so that the first branch flow path and the second branch flow path are connected inside the spray nozzle, and flow down the first branch flow path. A fluid and a spraying medium flowing down the second branch channel. The combined fluid is configured to flow down, and the mixed fluid, in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed, is flowed oppositely to the downstream side of the second branch channel near the tip of the spray nozzle. A plurality of pairs of opposed flow paths to be collided are disposed, and the opposed flow paths are respectively connected to the outlet holes so that the mixed fluid colliding in the opposed flow paths is ejected to the outside from the outlet holes, and the spray fluid A gas-liquid separation mechanism for separating the gas-liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is formed inside the flow path, and a branching portion for branching the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism. A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle configured to connect a branched branching portion to different outlet holes through the opposed flow passages arranged on the downstream side,
A combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace, the fuel supply system, and the combustion gas supply system A burner connected and combusted on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle, characterized by having a flue to be supplied.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Each of the passages, the first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle, the spray fluid flowing down the first branch passage, and the second Mixed fluid mixed with spraying medium flowing down the branch channel A mixed fluid flow path that flows down and connects to the outlet hole is disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path to separate the gas and liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium inside the spray medium flow path. A gas-liquid separation mechanism is provided, and a branching portion for branching the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided downstream of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, and each of the plurality of branching branches is connected to the second branch flow path. A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle configured to connect to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed downstream of the second branch flow path,
A combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace, the fuel supply system, and the combustion gas supply system A burner connected and combusted on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle, characterized by having a flue to be supplied.
A spray fluid channel for supplying a spray fluid to the inlet side of the spray nozzle and a spray medium channel for supplying a spray medium for spraying the spray fluid are provided, and the spray fluid channel provided in the spray nozzle is provided. A spray nozzle for ejecting a mixed fluid obtained by mixing a flowing spray fluid and a spray medium flowing in the spray medium flow path to the outside from a plurality of outlet holes opened at the tip of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle A first branch passage branched from the spray fluid passage downstream of the spray fluid passage and a second branch flow branched from the spray medium passage downstream of the spray medium passage. Each of the passages, the first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected inside the spray nozzle, the spray fluid flowing down the first branch passage, and the second Mixed fluid mixed with spraying medium flowing down the branch channel A mixed fluid flow path that flows down and connects to the outlet hole is disposed on the downstream side of the second branch flow path, and gas and liquid of the spray fluid and the spray medium are separated inside the spray fluid flow path. A gas-liquid separation mechanism is formed, and a branching portion that divides the flow path into a plurality of branches is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid separation mechanism, and each of the plurality of branching branches is connected to the first branch flow path. A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having spray nozzles configured to be connected to different outlet holes through the mixed fluid flow path disposed downstream of the second branch flow path,
A combustion furnace for burning fuel, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, a combustion gas supply system for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace, the fuel supply system, and the combustion gas supply system A burner connected and combusted on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the heat recovered combustion exhaust gas to the outside of the combustion furnace A combustion apparatus comprising a burner having a spray nozzle, characterized by having a flue to be supplied.