KR101500861B1 - colloid firing method of ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention develops a method for collidal plasticizing ceramics capable of forming beautiful colors using glaze comprising copper powder. If the size of the copper powder included in the glaze is 0.1-1μ (1μ = 1/1000 mm), the copper powder is existed in a colloidal state in the glaze, thereby forming turkey blue color when plasticizing under an oxidizing atmosphere, and forming red (Jinsa) color when plasticizing under a reduction atmosphere. The color formation using the collidal copper powder is called colloidal color formation. The present invention develops the plasticity method capable of forming mysterious and beautiful red color.

Description

Colloid firing method of ceramics [

The present invention relates to a method of firing ceramics, and more particularly, to a method of firing a colloid which can produce a very beautiful and fantastic red color using glazes containing oxidized copper particles.

[Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No.: 10-2009-0090074 (Publication Date: Aug. 25, 2009)

[Patent Document 2] Patent Registration No.: 10-0812894 (Registered Date: Mar. 3, 2008)

The method of color development of ceramics by glaze can be classified into ionic coloring (celadon glaze), colloid coloring (glaze glaze) and coloring by fine particles (color glaze using pigment, milky white).

The present invention has developed a ceramic firing method capable of producing a very beautiful color using a glaze including a copper powder. When the size of the copper powder contained in the glaze is in the range of 0.1 to 1μ (1μ = 1/1000 mm), the copper powder is present in a colloid state in the glaze, and if fired in an oxidizing atmosphere, Color development). In the present invention, a method of firing capable of producing a very mysterious and beautiful color is developed in the present invention, in which coloring using a colloidal copper powder is also referred to as colloid coloring.

The main constituent of the present invention is a method for firing a colloid of a ceramic in which a glaucous glaze containing coarse particles is applied to a ceramic to produce a ceramic through a gypsum grinder, wherein the size of the glaze particles contained in the glaze is 0.1 to 1 micrometer And the reheating is carried out in a reducing atmosphere, and the reheating is carried out when the cooling temperature reaches a temperature of 930 to 950 degrees Celsius in a natural cooling state after completion of the chrysanthemum roasting The firing is performed at a temperature of 1200 ° C. to 1260 ° C. after the glaze cone 9, which is a specimen of glaze, has passed through the furnace. After the burning of the glaze is completed, the burner is turned off and the temperature is lowered. And the reheating is successively heated inside the inner edge of the kiln, Group firing method is characterized by forming on the distance to the rear of the door 5 and the door 5 of the furnace, reheated to a sequential furnace a central direction within the lower left and right borders. In the reheating period, the gas pressure is set to 0.1 kgf / cm ² by the gas pressure gauge, and the open / close port (1) of the burner is opened by about 1/4 after about 45 minutes after the completion of the baking , The amount of gas to be injected and the amount of oxygen are fired in the same manner, and firing is performed for 45 minutes to 1 hour and 15 minutes to make a firing atmosphere so that the colloidal particles can be dispersed homogeneously and developed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to develop a very beautiful and mysterious red line which can not be found in conventional ceramics.

1 is a view showing a gas kiln used in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-
Fig. 3 is a cross-
Fig. 4 is a cross-
Figure 5 is a cross-
6 is a view showing the order of putting the fire in the ungulking state
7 is a flowchart of a firing method according to the present invention

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, copper powder is pulverized into fine particles to be contained in glaze to make a glaze, or a glaze containing copper powder in a fine particle state is used.

Copper powder refers to a colloid in the manufacture of glaze. "Colloid" refers to such particles as fog or cigarette smoke, particulate in scattered state in gas, liquid or solid, or scattered state. That is, when the copper oxide particles having a size of 0.1 to 1 mu (0.5 mu of cigarette smoke particles) in the glaze are homogeneously dispersed, the glaze is colored blue or red by causing refraction dispersion and scattering of light.

The color of such glaze depends on the composition, size and number of colloids in the glaze. Therefore, in order to make a beautiful copper glaze, it is important to oxidize the copper in the glaze and uniformly disperse it in a colloidal state.

However, the inventors of the present invention have found that, although the composition conditions of the glaze composition are important, the firing conditions have a great influence on the glaze color development.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Kiln classification: gas kiln.

Kiln size: one lap.

Used fuel: LPG gas.

Time required: About 10 ~ 12 hours.

The firing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The colloid calcination technique, like ordinary ceramics, performs a reduction calcination (a method of inducing incomplete combustion by partially blocking oxygen) of about 1,235 to 1,260 degrees Centigrade. However, special cooling technology is needed during cooling process. In general ceramics, when the temperature of the sinter increases, turn off the fire after completing the sintering. Then, it will cool down naturally and when the time passes, you can open the door and take out the product.

However, the colloid firing technique according to the present invention finishes the reduction and firing at about 1,235 to 1,260 degrees Celsius as in general ceramics, and slowly cooling as much as possible.

And is re-ignited at a temperature of about 930 ° C to about 950 ° C, which is a temperature condition at which the colloidal particles can be homogeneously dispersed. At this time, when the total number of burners is re-ignited, the temperature rises rapidly, so that only a part of them is ignited and cooled gradually.

Example 2 is a specific firing temperature chart for firing ceramics in an actual gas kiln.

Firing temperature chart lapse
time city minute Gas
pressure Temperature Remarks lapse
time city minute Gas
pressure Temperature        Remarks 8 00 0.04   0 No. 1 6 times   8 4 00 526 15 15 30 160 30 0.09 582 Burner 0.5 wheels open 45 45   One 9 00 186   9 5 00 0.12 653 Burner 0.5 wheels open 15 15 30 205 30 0.15 703 Burner 0.5 wheels open 45 45   2 10 00 217  10 6 00 0.18 778 Burner 0.5 wheels open 15 15 30 0.04 227 6 times 1 time 30
0.21 778 Burner 0.5 wheels open 45 45   3 11 00 268  11 7 00 950 15 15 0.12 970 Aging: Close one wheel of the burner, reduce pressure, and block overhead. 30 283 30 45 45   4 12 00 293  12 8 00 15 15 950     End 30 0.04 303 2 times 5 times 30 45 45   5 One 00 327 00 15 15 30 0.04 339 5 times 2 half-burning 30 45 45   6 2 00 340 00 15 0.04 3 times 4 times 15 30 378 30 45 45   7 3 00 0.04 396 4 times 3 times 00 15 15 30 416 30 45 0.06 Pay a full fee 45

- In the above Table 1, the gas pressure is kgf / cm ² , the temperature is in degrees Celsius, the 1 st, 6 th, etc. in the remarks indicate only the number 1, 6, Indicated by

- The half-fill is a half-open state in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth valves (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)

- Full payment means full opening of the valve.

The number of revolutions of the wheel of the burner indicates the opening / closing degree of the air inlet, that is, the opening number of the opening / closing port 1 in FIG. 1, 0.5 rotation means 1/4 opening, Two revolutions mean full opening.

As shown in Fig. 1, among the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ignition ports 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 on both lower sides of the gas kiln 10, Only the first, second, fifth, and sixth burners 11, 12, 15, 16 are ignited. As shown in FIG. 2, when the front door of the kiln inlet is opened, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth openings 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, Respectively. Therefore, the fire that is ignited and lit is ignited in the first, second, fifth, and sixth cracks (21, 22, 25, 26) in the left and right symmetry.

The reason why I put fire inside the kiln before and after the side of the gas kiln is that the temperature of the front and rear sides of the kiln may be lower than the center, so that the internal temperature of the kiln creates a uniform temperature distribution, If uniform temperature distribution is observed, the yield of ceramics of the desired color is high and the defect rate is low.

The ignition of the fire in the kiln is explained in more detail as follows.

As shown in FIG. 6, the ignition sequence is firstly ignited in the order of 1-6-right side 6-1 while elapsing from the left side of the door 5 sequentially at the entrance of the door 5 , Fire in the order 2-5-5 right from the left side of the door with time lapse, 3-4 right side 4-3 from the left side of the door giving time interval 5-2, 3 time.

That is, the ignition sequence ignites from the periphery of the kiln to gradually ignite the center, and the reason for doing this is to uniformly heat the edge of the kiln from the center to the center. This is because the outer edge of the kiln is in contact with the outside air, and the edge or rim of the inside of the kiln is affected by the outside air, so the temperature is lower than other parts. In addition, if the heating is performed from this edge portion, the temperature can be uniformly reduced due to a small variation in temperature. The heat applied from the burner on the side of the kiln rises to the inner ceiling of the kiln, So that the unhulled water can be lowered from the upper part to the lower part and uniformly heated up to the center.

As a whole, the fire should not be concentrated in a part of the inside of the kiln, but should be heated uniformly, so that a uniform product can be obtained by applying flame to the inside ceramics uniformly.

After the inside of the kiln is uniformly heated by the above heating sequence, the inside of the kiln is entirely heated, and the gas pressure is further increased to further raise the internal temperature of the kiln. Then, opening and closing port (1) of the ignition port is opened halfway, that is, about 1/4 of the cross section of the air inlet port, so that temperature and gas pressure are further increased to reach a maximum temperature of 970 degrees centigrade. The number of revolving wheels of the burner is the number of revolutions of the opening and closing port 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the revolving number of the right and left opening and closing ports 1 is not controlled.

If the number of revolutions of the medicine access port 1 is about 2 to 2.5 revolutions, it is judged that it is fully opened. The damper of the chimney 7 shown in Fig. 3, that is, the blocking block 8, which is connected to the rear of the gas kiln 10, Block three places. The blocking block 8 blocks the through-holes formed in the chimney 7, so that the inside of the kiln becomes a reduced state in which the air is insufficient. Then the inside of the kiln is uniformly fired while maintaining a constant temperature for a long time even when the temperature goes up or down.

Table 2 shows the table of the chrysanthemum baking temperature. lapse
time city minute Gas
pressure Temperature Remarks lapse
time city minute Gas
pressure Temperature Remarks 8 00 0.04   0 Ignition   8 4 00 15 15 30 250 30 45 45   One 9 00 0.05 350 Burner 0.5 wheels open   9 5 00 1180 Begin fire 15 15 30 450 30 1200 45 45   2 10 00 0.07 Burner 0.5 wheels open  10 6 00 1220 Glazed cone 15 15 I take out the glaze sample. 30 30
1235 Glaze Pull out the specimen. Start temperature down 45   3 11 00 0.1 Burner 0.5 wheels open 00 15 15 0.1 930 No. 1 burner No. 6 0.5 open the wheels and ignite 30 30 45 45 No. 1 6 burner lock 2 No. 5 burner 0.5 Open the wheel and ignite   4 12 00 0.13 Burner 0.5 wheels open 00 15 15 2 and 5 burner locks Firing end 30 30 45 45   5 One 00 0.17 Burner 0.5 wheels open 00 15 15 30 0.21 30 45 45   6 2 00 0.25 00 15 0.3 970 Reduced walking 15 30 30 45 45   7 3 00 00 15 15 30 30 45 45

In the chaebol, the feature of the present invention confirms that the glaze cone 9 falls over after about 10 hours, at temperatures between 1200 and 1260 degrees Celsius, preferably at 1220 degrees Celsius. The glaze cone 9 can be regarded as a generally used specimen. If the glaze is made into a rod shape, if it is above 1200 degrees Celsius, the glaze melts and the rod shape cone falls. Then the glaze can confirm the recording and the temperature of the fire from this glaze cone (9).

In addition, as a confirmation method of firing, specimens of glazed porcelain are also put into the pottery when they are put together, and it is a means to confirm that the glaze is well fired on the specimen. If it is confirmed that the glaze has been burned by confirming the specimen, lock the gas burner and allow the inside temperature of the kiln to fall slowly by natural cooling.

What is important here is reheating at about 900-950 degrees Celsius, preferably about 930 degrees Celsius in the present invention. This reheating is not a sudden heating, but rather heating the edge of the inside of the gas furnace where the temperature is falling heavily, and heating the inside again. Thus allowing cooling to take place more slowly. This results in a slower cooling than the normal natural cooling method. After about 1 hour, the burner is turned off and the burning is finished.

The reheating process is summarized and described in more detail as follows.

The reheating time was about 45 minutes (930 to 950 degrees) after cooling down the jaebae by baking (about 1235 to 1260 degrees), and then the gas pressure was measured with a gas pressure gauge at 0.1 kgf / cm ² , and the opening and closing port 1 of the burner is opened by about 1/4 to ignite, the amount of gas to be introduced and the oxygen amount are fired in the same manner, and the firing is performed for 45 minutes to 1 hour and 15 minutes to disperse the colloid particles homogeneously To create a firing atmosphere so that the color can be developed.

The burner is not completely opened but the opening / closing port 1 is opened by about 1/4 (see Fig. 1). Opening / closing port (1) The rotating path is opened and ignited by rotating it about 0.5 turn. 1, the opening and closing port 1 is formed of a circular plate, and a state in which the air inlet for air is blocked is completely locked, and releasing the locked state is an opening And the air is adjusted by opening the opening / closing port 1 by the rotation number of the opening / closing port 1, so that the temperature of the kiln is adjusted to achieve good color development.

As shown in Table 2, the burner is fired for about 30 minutes in the above state, and the current burner is closed and the other burners are ignited. At this time, the gas amount and the oxygen amount are the same. It takes about 30 minutes to burn out the fire. In this manner, the firing is performed for about one hour, so that the colloidal particles of copper oxide contained in the glaze are dispersed more evenly on the surface of the ceramics, so that the coloring can be more uniformly and color-developed over the entire surface of the ceramic.

In this way, the present invention can obtain ceramics having a very fine, beautiful, and luxurious red color tone in the glaze glaze showing red color due to copper oxide. As shown in FIG. 5, the product that has undergone reheating as described above shows a very high quality and beautiful high-quality red color. As with the product on the right of the drawing, the glaze may be applied and fired so that only a part of the upper part is colored red.

1: access door
3: Floor surface
7: Chimney
8: Blocking block
9: Glaze cone
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16:
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26:
31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36: 1st, 2nd,

Claims (6)

delete delete In a colloid firing method of ceramics in which a ginseng glaze containing coarse particles is applied to a ceramics and then the ceramics is colored through the pre-gypsum and jaeba roasting, the size of the ferro-particles contained in the glaze is made to exist in a colloid state of 0.1-1 탆 , And after the chaebols are roasted, in the reduction atmosphere,
The reduction atmosphere firing is carried out at a temperature of 1,200 to 1,260 degrees Celsius, after the glaze cone 9, which is a specimen of the glaze, has fallen, the burner is turned off and the temperature is lowered. A method of colloid calcining of ceramics characterized by reheating The method of claim 3,
Wherein the reheating is successively heated inward from the inner edge of the kiln. delete The method of claim 3,
The reheating time is set to a value of 0.1 kgf / cm ² as a gas pressure gauge in the case of a gas kiln in the case of gradual cooling to a temperature of 930 to 950 degrees Celsius after 45 minutes elapsed from completion of the chrysanthemum at a temperature of 1235 to 1260 degrees Celsius, The opening and closing port 1 of the burner is opened by about 1/4 of the burning amount. The amount of gas to be injected and the oxygen amount are fired in the same manner and then fired for 45 minutes to 1 hour and 15 minutes. The method of claim 1,

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