KR101492288B1 - Friction member for a clutch friction disk - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a friction member of a dry clutch disc comprising a friction face (3) bonded to an intermediate portion (6) and having a hole (6) for allowing the fastening by means of a rivet (7) And the hole has a thickness e _{1 in the} friction face 3 and a first portion of a constant diameter d _{1 in the} friction face 3 so as to constitute a spot facing surface 31 on which the end of the rivet 7 is supported after assembly, and, the thickness (e ₂ + e ₃₎ and the thickness of the first diameter (d ₁₎ than a diameter (d _2), the comprising a second portion of the second friction facing (3) in the portion of the hole of part ( e ₂ is in the range of 2% to 15% of the total thickness (e ₁ + e ₂ ) of the friction pacing 3. The present invention also relates to related methods.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a friction member for a clutch friction disc,

The present invention relates in particular to friction members for dry clutch friction discs for vehicles.

Generally, a clutch friction disc is mounted on a shaft, called a driven shaft, and includes a pressure plate and a reaction plate of a clutch forced to rotate with a shaft known as a driving shaft In the present invention. When the clutch engages, the pressure plate clamps the friction disc against the recoil plate.

The invention is applicable to any type of friction disk, but is particularly useful for a clutch friction disk known as a progressive clutch friction disk.

For example, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 of French Patent No. 1 304 067, a progressive clutch friction disk comprises a substantially planar ring shaped metal support, commonly referred to as a "progressive disk " The outer circumferential portion of the progressive disk is branched to form blades integrally formed with or attached to the ring.

These blades are alternately bent to form offset portions on both sides of the mean plane and are suitable to be elastically deformed by the influence of a clamping force.

On both sides of the support, ring-shaped friction faces are attached, which are fixed to a part of the offset portion by any suitable means.

The blade is resiliently deformed at the same time as it clamps the offset portions adjacent to each other.

This results in a progressive clamping of the friction disk during the clutch engagement operation and consequent progressive transmission of the rotational torque, thereby significantly reducing vibration.

The blades include cut-outs and holes to increase the resilience.

In operation, the friction pacing is heated by considerable heat that is liable to weaken the surface hardness.

Due to the effect of the clamping force acting on the pacing, the phenomenon frequently occurs, such as the insertion of the blade into the pacing, which leads to loss of elasticity and consequent loss of pogressivity.

In order to avoid this disadvantage, it has been proposed to arrange an intermediate part between the pacing and the blade, in particular a steel strip or foil bonded to each pacing.

Such a device, which can be seen in Figures 7 and 8 of French Patent No. 1 304 067 mentioned above, proves to be satisfactory.

To produce this kind of friction disk by techniques known in the art, the resulting friction pacing and intermediate portions that are bonded together are individually drilled.

The pacing glued to the middle portion is usually attached to the progressive disk by rivets. In a manner known in the art, the rivet has two ends: a head portion that is unmodified or slightly deformed during assembly, an end portion where the diameter increases when compressed during assembly, and an end portion that is less than the diameter of the end portion of the rivet after assembly Diameter body. The diameters of the ends of the rivets are generally substantially equal to each other after assembly. After assembly, the end of the rivet needs to be supported on the material portion of each part to be assembled.

3A, two different methods are used to assemble the pacing glued to the intermediate portion of the progressive disk described in detail herein using the reference numerals from Figure 3A, As shown in Fig.

The pacing 3 comprises an aperture having a constant diameter d ₁ and a wider portion 32 of thickness e ₁ which is large enough for the rivet end to pass after assembly and which can be assembled And may include a narrowed portion 33 of a diameter (d ₂ ) and a thickness (e ₂ ) which allow the movement of the rivet body later. At the bottom of the wide portion 32 is a spot facing surface 31 which can bear the rivet end after assembly. The spot facing surface 31 has a shape complementary to the selected shape of the rivet end after assembly and may be planar or conical. The intermediate part (6) having a thickness (e ₃₎ comprises a hole 61 having a diameter that allows the movement of the rivet body standing after the assembly do not allow the passage of the rivet ends (d ₃₎ (not shown), attached to Is positioned so as to face the hole in the pacing before.

In a first assembly method known in the art, the spot facing surface 31 is formed within the thickness of the facing. The inventors have found that a considerable thickness (e ₂ ) of material must be maintained in order to perforate the pacing in this manner without compromising the pacing. It is presumed that it is necessary to maintain a thickness (e ₂ ) of at least 20% of the total thickness (e ₁ + e ₂ ) of the pacing. The thickness (e ₂₎ is the distance between the surface of the part and the facing side of the spot facing furthest away from the surface of the facing, to be assembled with the intermediate portion. For example, typical pacing intended for use in a passenger vehicle has a thickness of 3 mm and a spacing (e ₂ ) of 0.9 mm, and typical pacing intended for use in industrial vehicles, particularly large-sized transporters, , 1.3 mm, or further, an interval e ₂ of 1.45 mm or 1.6 mm. This minimum thickness (e ₂ ) limits the thickness of the facing material that can wear during the service life of the friction disc, despite its advantages in terms of piercing quality. The wear depth is limited by the position of the rivet end after assembly since the rivet end must not contact the clutch plate assuming the risk of very serious damage. The perforated pacer in this manner is then adhered to the pre-perforated intermediate portion 6 having an aperture of diameter d ₃ , wherein the axis of the intermediate portion substantially coincides with the axis of the perforated hole in the face.

In a known second method for assembling the art, are punched through the full thickness of the hole of constant diameter (d ₁₎ pacing, pacing is then the diameter of pre-perforated intermediate portions having a hole in the (d ₃₎ (6 , With the axis of the middle portion substantially coinciding with the axis of the perforated hole in the face. In this embodiment, the rivet end after assembly is supported only on the intermediate portion, and the pacing does not contribute to the connection strength to the friction disk. This generally leads to weakening of such connections as compared to previous solutions and becomes particularly sensitive during rivet shaking tests to ensure centrifugal strength.

It is an object of the present invention to remedy the above disadvantages and to propose a solution which would allow the pacing to be worn as much as possible and at the same time to contribute to the connection to the friction disc.

This object is achieved by a friction member of a dry clutch disc, comprising a friction face (3) bonded to the intermediate part, said face being formed with a hole to allow fixation by rivet after said face and said intermediate part are bonded together, and a thickness within constitutes a rivet spot facing surface on which the ends are supported in the after assembly, pacing (e ₁₎ and a constant diameter of the first portion and the thickness of _{(d 1) (e 2 +} e 3) and the diameter of the first portion (d ₁₎ than a diameter (d ₂₎ the thickness of the friction facing in, and includes the second portion the second portion of the holes in the (e ₂₎ from 2% to the total thickness of the facing (e ₁ + e ₂₎ Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 15%. ≪ / RTI >

Because of this shape, the pacing of the present invention can be more abraded than is known in the art where pacing contributes to the connection to the friction disk. The second diameter of the aperture in the portion of the thickness (e ₂ + e ₃₎ is constant and can be the same as the surface and the diameter of the holes open in the middle portion surface facing (d ₂₎ attached to the pacing. In this case, the spot facing surface is flat and parallel to the friction surface of the pacing (facing the face of the face affixed to the middle portion), to accommodate the rivet end having a flat bearing surface after assembly. The diameter of the aperture in the second portion of the thickness (e ₂ + e ₃₎ may be reduced to d ₂ corresponding to the diameter of a hole opened in the middle portion surface facing the adhesive surface in facing and from d _1. This type of configuration accommodates a rivet end having a conical bearing surface after assembly due to the conical spot facing surface.

The pacing is preferably made up of continuous filaments into which one or more resins containing charge are injected. The filament is preferably glass fiber, organic fiber or metal fiber. These are advantageously lobed.

In one embodiment of the friction member according to the present invention, the intermediate portion is a metal plate.

In the case of a conical spot-facing face, the angle? Of the cone with respect to the plane parallel to the friction face of the face can be between 3 ° and 30 °.

In the case of a conical spot facing surface, it may be entirely within the pacing or only partially within the pacing.

It should be noted that the tolerance to the angle of the spot facing is generally in the order of ± 3 °.

The present invention also relates to a dry clutch friction disk comprising a progressive disk and at least one said friction member.

Progressive discs may include progressive areas. These may include blades that are elastically deformable in the axial direction.

The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a friction member of a dry clutch friction disc comprising a friction pacing and a middle portion, comprising the steps of: bonding a friction pacing to an intermediate portion; (E ₁ ) in the face and a first portion of a constant diameter (d ₁ ) and a thickness (e ₁ ) in the pacing to form a spot facing surface on which the end of the rivet is supported after assembly, ₂ + e ₃ ) and a second portion of a diameter (d ₂ ) smaller than the diameter (d ₁ ) of the first portion, the thickness (e ₂ ) of the friction pacing in the second portion of the hole being greater than the total thickness (e ₁ + e ₂ ).

The machining is preferably carried out using cutting tools, but for example indentation or corrosion techniques may be considered. With cutting tools, for example, drilling or milling techniques or other suitable techniques can be used.

In one embodiment of the method of the present invention, a spot-facing cutting tool is used to machine the friction pacing and the intermediate portion when they are adhered to each other, the cutting tool comprising: (D ₂ ) open to an outer surface of the intermediate portion opposite to the surface to be machined, and the cutting tool further comprises a first portion for removing the material in the pacing and forming a spot facing surface And a second portion of diameter d ₁ .

The second portion of the diameter (d ₁ ) of the spot-facing cutting tool may have an edge perpendicular to the axis of the cutting tool to form a flat spot facing surface.

The second portion of the diameter d ₁ of the spot-facing cutting tool may have an edge that is inclined with respect to the axis of the cutting tool to form a conical spot facing surface.

The spot facing cutting tool may be, for example, a spot facing drill or a spot facing milling tool.

The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a friction disk comprising the steps of manufacturing the friction member and fixing the friction member to the progressive disk by means of a rivet.

1 is a diagram of a friction disk,

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1 of the assembled components of a friction disc of the present invention,

Figures 3A-3C are cross-sectional views of a portion of three variants of the friction member of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Figure 1 of an assembled component of a friction disk of the present invention.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the non-limiting examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

For clarity, the dimensions of the various elements shown in these figures are not proportional to the actual dimensions. In all figures, the same reference numerals correspond to the same elements.

In the context of the present invention, the terms "axial", "axially", "radial" and "radially" &Quot; in the axial direction " means a direction parallel to the rotation axis, and "radial direction" means a direction passing through the axis perpendicular to the rotation axis.

1 shows a front view of a friction disk 1 including a hub 5 suitable for engagement with a driven shaft, a friction face 3 and a progressive disk 2 shown in dashed lines. An elastic means, in particular a spring (4), is arranged to damp and / or filter the vibration transmitted from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a friction disk of the present invention taken along line A-A of FIG. 1, showing components after assembly. On each side of the progressive disk 2, there is an intermediate portion 6 between the progressive disk and the pacing 3. The pacing has a portion 32 wide enough to accommodate the riveted end 7 after assembly and a narrowed portion 33 that allows movement of the riveted end after assembly without allowing passage of the riveted end. At the bottom of the wide portion 32 is a spot facing surface 31 which can bear the rivet end after assembly. The portion of the intermediate portion 6 intended to come into contact with the region of the hole 33 in the pacing also includes the hole 61 of the same diameter and likewise the progressive disk 2 also comprises the hole 21. The intermediate portion 6 and the facing 3 on the opposite side of the progressive disk each include an aperture 62 and an aperture 34 suitable for permitting the rivet end to pass after assembly. The rivet 7 is crimped in order to fasten the paced and progressive disc pre-bonded to the intermediate part, the head of this rivet being, for example, on a surface in contact with the spot facing surface 31, and the other end of the rivet And the rivet body perforates the hole 33, the hole 61, and the hole 21.

After assembly, there is an interval e between the two intermediate portions, due to the presence of a progressive area in the form of a blade which is elastically deformable in the progressive disc, specifically axially. Such a blade is shown in phantom in Fig. 1 and in cross-section in Fig. 2 and Fig.

Here, the blade is attached to the preformed plate so as to constitute the progressive disk 2.

To illustrate the different hole shapes of the present invention which allow fixation by rivets, Figs. 3a to 3c show an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 1 for a part of the friction member.

3A shows a case in which the pacing includes a flat facing face. Fixing hole by the rivet has a thickness in the pacing (e ₁₎ and a constant diameter (d ₁₎ a first portion and a thickness (e ₂ + e ₃₎ and the diameter of the first part (d ₁₎ than a diameter of (d ₂₎ the thickness, comprises a second portion (e ₂ of a) is the thickness of the second portion in the facing surface, the thickness (e ₃₎ the thickness of the intermediate portion (6).

Figures 3b and 3c illustrate two embodiments in which the pacing includes a conical spot facing surface that is inclined at an angle of [alpha] with respect to the plane parallel to the friction surface of the pacing.

The rivet fixing holes have a first portion of the thickness e ₁ and a constant diameter d ₁ in the face and a second portion of a diameter decreasing from thickness e ₂ + e ₃ and d ₁ to d ₂ Wherein the diameter d ₂ corresponds to the diameter of the hole opening to the face of the intermediate portion 6 opposite to the face bonded to the face 3.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3B, the spot facing surface 31 lies entirely within the pacing 3. The thickness of the fixing hole in the friction member (e ₂ + e ₃₎ the second portion has a thickness (e _21), and d ₁ from d ₂ facing with the inner portion, the thickness of the diameter reduced to (e ₂₂₎ of the and constant diameter ( d ₂₎ within the portion of the facing, and is divided into a middle portion within the portion of the thickness (e ₃₎ and a constant diameter (d _2). The thickness (e ₂ ) of the facings in the second portion of the fastening hole is the sum of the thickness e ₂₁ and the thickness e ₂₂ .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3c, the spot facing surface 31 is partly in the pacing 3 and partly in the middle part 6. From the second portion of the thickness (e ₂₎ and with the inner facing a diameter portion which decreases in d ₁₂ from d _1, the thickness (e ₃₁₎ and d ₁₂ of the thickness (e ₂ + e ₃₎ of the clamping aperture in the friction guide d ₂ and a portion in the middle portion of the thickness e ₃₂ and the constant diameter d ₂ . The thickness (e ₃₎ of the intermediate part 6 is the sum of the thickness (e ₃₁₎ to the thickness (e _32).

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 1 of the same friction disk shown in FIG. 2; The progressive disc 2 comprises two blades, the first part of which is in sliding contact with the first intermediate part 6, the second part is fixed to the second intermediate part 6, The third portion is fixed to the first intermediate portion 6, and the fourth portion is in sliding contact with the second intermediate portion 6. [ The result is that in FIG. 4, the area of the progressive disk has a wave shape that explains the progressive action of the friction disk.

The examples shown in Table 1 below represent non-limiting embodiments of the present invention in comparison to prior art embodiments.

[Table 1]

Flat spot facing surface
Conical spot facing face
Thickness (mm) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 e ₁ + e ₂ 3 3 3 3 3 e ₁ 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.8 e ₂
e ₂₁
e ₂₂ 0.9
0
0.9 0.4
0
0.4 0.9
0.7
0.2 0.4
0.3
0.1 0.2
0.2
0 e ₃
e ₃₁
e ₃₂ 0.3
0
0.3 0.2
0
0.2 0.3
0
0.3 0.2
0
0.2 0.2
0.1
0.1 e ₂ / (e ₁ + e ₂ ) 30% 13% 30% 13% 7%

Examples 1 and 3 are examples for comparison, in which the pacing is pre-drilled and then assembled in a pre-drilled intermediate. In the case of Example 1, the spot facing surface is flat, whereas in case of Example 3, it is conical. The thickness (e ₂ ) of the pacing in the second portion of the fastening hole is at the level of 30% of the total thickness of the pacing.

Examples 2, 4 and 5 are examples of the present invention wherein the pacing is adhered to the middle part before perforation. In the case of Example 2, the spot facing surface is flat, while in the case of Examples 4 and 5 it is conical. The conical spot facing surface of Example 4 lies entirely within the pacing, whereas the spot facing surface of Example 5 lies partially within the pacing and partly within the middle portion.

The test showed that the embodiments of Example 2, Example 4 and Example 5 provided centrifugal strengths of the same grade level as the Examples 1 and 3 example, while at the same time, after assembly with a rivet end securing the friction member to the progressive disk, Which makes the pacing more abrasive before the risk of damage.

The present invention is not limited to these types of embodiments but should be construed in a non-limiting manner including any equivalent embodiments.

Claims (15)

In a friction member of a dry clutch disc, And a friction pacing (3) bonded to the intermediate portion (6) A hole is formed so that the friction face and the intermediate portion can be fixed by the rivet 7 after they are bonded to each other, And the hole has a first portion of the thickness (e ₁₎ and a constant diameter (d ₁₎ in that configuration the spot facing surface 31 which ends are supported on the rivet 7, after assembly, the friction facing (3), the thickness (e ₂ + e ₃₎ and wherein the diameter of the first portion (d ₁₎ than a diameter (d ₂₎ of claim 2 including a partial thickness of the friction facing (3) in the second portion of the hole in the (e ₂ ) is in the range of 2% to 15% of the total thickness (e ₁ + e ₂ ) of said friction pacing Friction member. The method according to claim 1, Characterized in that the intermediate part (6) is a metal plate Friction member. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that the spot facing surface (31) is flat and parallel to the friction surface of the friction face Friction member. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that the spot facing surface (31) is conical Friction member. 5. The method of claim 4, Characterized in that the angle (?) Between the plane parallel to the friction surface of the friction face and the cone is between 3 ° and 30 ° Friction member. 5. The method of claim 4, Characterized in that the spot facing surface (31) is in the friction facing (3) Friction member. 5. The method of claim 4, Characterized in that the spot facing surface (31) is partly in the friction face (3) and partly in the intermediate part (6) Friction member. In a dry clutch friction disk, A progressive disk 2, A friction material comprising at least one friction member according to any one of the preceding claims Dry Clutch Friction Disc. 9. The method of claim 8, Characterized in that the progressive disc comprises areas of progressivity Dry Clutch Friction Disc. 10. The method of claim 9, Characterized in that said region of progressive nature comprises a blade configured to elastically deform in the axial direction Dry Clutch Friction Disc. A method of manufacturing a friction member of a dry clutch friction disc comprising a friction pacing (3) and a middle part (6) Bonding the friction pacing (3) to the intermediate portion (6) Machining the assembly of the friction pacing (3) and the intermediate part (6) adhered to each other to form a fixing hole for the rivet (7) The hole has a first part, the ends of the rivets to constitute the spot facing surface 31 that is sustained after assembly thickness (e ₁₎ and a constant diameter (d ₁₎ in the friction facing and the thickness (e ₂ + e ₃ ) and a second portion of a diameter (d ₂ ) smaller than a diameter (d ₁ ) of the first portion, the thickness (e ₂ ) of the friction pacing in the second portion of the hole being greater than a thickness Is within a range of 2% to 15% of the total thickness (e ₁ + e ₂ ) A method of manufacturing a friction member. 12. The method of claim 11, A cutting spot facing tool is used to machine these friction pacing 3 and intermediate part 6 when they are bonded together, The cutting tool is a tool for removing the material in the friction pacing (3) and the intermediate part (6) and having a diameter (d ₂ ) of the cutting surface facing the outer surface of the intermediate part (6) opposite to the surface bonded to the friction pacing And a first portion for forming a hole, Characterized in that the cutting tool further comprises a second part of diameter (d ₁ ) for removing the material in the friction face (3) and forming a spot facing surface (31) A method of manufacturing a friction member. 13. The method of claim 12, Characterized in that the second part of the diameter (d ₁ ) of the spot-facing cutting tool has an edge perpendicular to the axis of the spot-facing cutting tool to form a flat spot facing surface (31) A method of manufacturing a friction member. 13. The method of claim 12, Characterized in that the second part of the diameter (d ₁ ) of the spot-facing cutting tool has an edge which is inclined with respect to the axis of the spot-facing cutting tool to form a conical spot facing surface (31) A method of manufacturing a friction member. A method of manufacturing a friction member, comprising: fabricating a friction member according to any one of claims 1 to 3; And fixing the friction member to the progressive disk by riveting A method of manufacturing a friction disk.

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