KR101484274B1 - Feed Composition Comprising Chestnut and Manufacturing Method Thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed composition capable of improving the growth and meat quality of livestock, and more particularly, to a feed composition capable of improving livestock growth and meat quality and, more particularly, ≪ / RTI > and drying the chestnut; Pulverizing the dried chestnuts to a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm; And a method for preparing a feed composition using chestnut comprising combining crushed chestnuts in a livestock feed. The feed composition according to the present invention can sufficiently supply the nutritional and physiological functions necessary for livestock breeding by containing chestnuts having excellent nutritional characteristics as active ingredients, It is possible to prevent the occurrence of respiratory diseases of livestock by reducing the occurrence of dust caused by fluff and to improve the growth and meat quality of livestock, as well as to reduce the production cost of feed and ultimately improve the economic efficiency of the livestock industry There is an effect that can be.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a feed composition containing chestnut as an active ingredient and a method for producing the feed composition.

The present invention relates to a feed composition comprising chestnut as an active ingredient, and more particularly to a feed composition comprising chestnut which can improve the growth and meat quality of livestock as an active ingredient and a method for producing the same.

Although the consumption of meat has been increasing steadily due to the development of the dietary culture, various pesticides may remain in vegetable feeds such as rice bran and corn flour, which are the main ingredients of feed for breeding livestock, Excessive administration of feed additives that are used for promotion may also threaten the health of consumers who consume these meats.

In recent years, as the diet has become more sophisticated and diverse, consumers are increasingly aware of high-quality meat that is both healthy and delicious, and its sales volume is also increasing. In response to these consumer needs, producers are conducting many tests and studies to improve the quality of meat products in a variety of ways. In particular, studies on mixed feeds have been continuously carried out to produce high-quality meat, and various feed-related products such as feeds using loess, feeds using bamboo liquid, feeds using green tea, and feeds using brown rice have been developed and marketed .

In addition, a method has been developed for pulverizing certain herbal medicines, agricultural products and their by-products, and then feeding them directly to the existing compound feed, and feeding them to livestock. However, when these pulverized raw materials are mixed with the existing compound feed, The feed intake is low and the digestibility is low.

On the other hand, it is known that the night is the quality of the night produced in Korea and Japan as a fruit juice which grows wild all over the world. Chestnut has many nutrients that can be used as food for the sperm. The skin contains tannin and urea, flowers are arginine, fruits include starch, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins. It contains a lot of starch and seokgang as a carbohydrate. It also contains vitamins and minerals. In particular, vitamin B1 is 4 times more than rice. Vitamin C is also the most abundant of the fruit, except for the fruit tree, so night is a balanced diet containing all the relatively nutrients.

At night, it contains polyphenol compounds, which are currently regarded as physiologically active substances, as well as carbohydrates, amino acids and various minerals. Tannins are representative, and tannin composition mainly contains gallic acid. Other ingredients are phenolic compounds such as perilla lasic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, paracumaric acid, salicylic acid in the night flesh and elagic acid, cyclic acid and protocatechuic acid in the endothelium in the night, and 11.0 to 12.3% Of the condensed tannin.

In addition, 100 g of each of the chestnut husks, endothelium, flesh, chestnut leaves and bark samples were treated with water, When 300 ml of ethanol, ethyl acetate, nucleic acid and diethyl ether were added, the antimicrobial activity was not observed in the outer coat and flesh of the chestnut when the antimicrobial activity was measured by stirring and extraction. The antimicrobial activity was weak in chestnut endothelium, It has been reported that the bark has a relatively strong antimicrobial activity.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have found that, in order to produce optimal livestock feeds using nutrients and other physiological characteristics as described above, the growth rate and meat grade of livestock according to the content ratio of chestnut, grain size, After the evaluation, the present inventors completed the present invention by confirming the ratio of the chestnuts, chestnuts, and the contents of the whole feeds, which are most suitable for the production of the feed.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a novel livestock feed which is capable of improving the growth and grading of livestock, that is to say that the crushed chestnuts with a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm, % Of the feed composition.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a feed composition using chestnuts which can improve the growth and meat quality of livestock.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention,

The present invention provides a feed composition comprising 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the livestock feed composition, of pulverized chunks of 5 to 10 mm in particle size.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the night may be a night coat, an endothelium, a grain or a mixture thereof.

In addition,

Drying the night;

Pulverizing the dried chestnuts to a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm; And

And combining the crushed chestnuts into a livestock feed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the drying of the chestnut may be performed at 55 ° C to 65 ° C for 45 to 50 hours.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the crushed chestnuts may comprise 1 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the livestock feed composition.

The feed composition according to the present invention can sufficiently supply the nutritional and physiological functions necessary for livestock breeding by containing chestnuts having excellent nutritional characteristics as active ingredients, It is possible to prevent the occurrence of respiratory diseases of livestock by reducing the occurrence of dust caused by fluff and to improve the growth and meat quality of livestock, as well as to reduce the production cost of feed and ultimately improve the economic efficiency of the livestock industry There is an effect that can be.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of feeding the finely divided mixture according to the present invention on the finishing feed according to the present invention on the fatty acid composition according to the storage period of the fillet when fed to the finishing pig (according to the finishing feed of the present invention (C), 3 (T1), 5 (T2), and 10% (T3).

The present invention provides a novel livestock feed which is capable of improving the growth and grading of livestock, and more particularly, it relates to a novel livestock feed which can be obtained by crushing the crushed chunks of 5 mm to 10 mm in a weight of 1 to 10 wt. % ≪ / RTI > by weight of the feed composition.

The main component contained in the feed composition according to the present invention is rich in proteins and minerals, which can contribute to the growth of livestock. Further, it can be used for the production of antimicrobial activity, as well as phenolic compounds such as elagic acid, It contains a large amount of physiologically active substance and can be very useful for livestock feed.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have been studying new livestock feeds which can improve the growth of livestock and improve the quality of livestock compared to the conventional livestock feeds. In the case of using chestnuts, I can confirm that I can.

Therefore, the present invention can provide a livestock feed composition, and the night used in the present invention can be applied to all parts of the night, that is, the night coat, endothelial and alveoli, You can use the night.

In addition, in the case of a livestock feed composition according to the present invention, the night of the present invention, which is incorporated into a conventional livestock feed, is preferably in the form of a crushed product, wherein the crust, endothelium, It is preferable that the content is 10% or less.

In addition, the feed composition provided in the present invention may be a feed composition used for raising all livestock including pigs, cattle, chickens and the like.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted research on new livestock feeds that can improve the growth and meat quality of livestock, and have found that when livestock feed composition is added to the livestock feed composition, And it was confirmed that the use of crushed chestnuts having a grain size of 5 mm to 10 mm at night was superior in the case of chestnuts added to livestock feeds.

In particular, chestnut, which is an effective component of the feed composition according to the present invention, contains a large amount of tannin component. Since the tannin component has an effect of preventing diarrhea of livestock, when the feed composition according to the present invention is used as feed for livestock, Diarrhea can be effectively prevented.

In addition, the feed composition according to the present invention can enhance the growth rate of livestock compared to conventional feed compositions, including chestnut as an active ingredient, thereby shortening the time of dispatch by 1-2 weeks.

Accordingly, the present invention can provide a novel livestock feed composition using chestnut, and the method for producing the chestnut-fed livestock feed composition according to the present invention will be described in more detail as follows.

Stage 1: shredding the outer shell of the night

For the preparation of the night-containing livestock feed composition according to the present invention, the chestnuts are cleaned first and then crushed using a crusher.

The reason for crushing the chestnut is to dry the chestnut without drying the hard shell, which takes a long time and greatly increases the cost of drying. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the drying time and cost by crushing the outer shell using a crusher primarily before the drying step.

In addition, the crushed chestnut through the first step may be produced as a chestnut product through the second step (drying step) and the third step (grinding step) described below. However, May be further included.

In the present invention, the chestnut of the present invention to be incorporated into the livestock feed may be a mixture of chestnut, endothelium and lobules, as described above, and may preferably be a mixture of endothelium and lobes to be.

Thus, if the night blend of the present invention is a mixture of endothelial and alveolar shells except the shell, the step of removing the shell is additionally included after the first step (shredding of the night shell) and before the second step (drying step) .

Step 2: Drying step

In the first step, if the night coat is removed, the night may be dried. The night may be dried at a temperature higher than room temperature, preferably at 55 to 65 ° C for 45 to 50 hours.

If the drying is carried out at a temperature higher than 65 ° C. for more than 50 hours, the nutrients contained in the nutrients may be destroyed and the desired effect may not be obtained. On the other hand, drying is performed at less than 55 ° C. and less than 45 hours , The water contained in the night may cause hygienic problems such as breeding of microorganisms. Thus, the drying step is preferably carried out in the range of the temperature and time described above.

Step 3: Grinding step

The dried chestnut can be pulverized through a subsequent crushing step to obtain a crushed chestnut. In particular, the crushed chestnut can be crushed to have a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm.

The livestock feed composition according to the present invention is characterized in that the size of the crushed chestnuts is 5 mm to 10 mm, which means that when the crushed chestnuts are crushed at a particle size of less than 5 mm, This is because when the dust generated is fed to the livestock, it may cause coughing and the like to lower the palatability of the feed and cause diseases such as respiratory diseases. On the other hand, in case of the crushed chestnuts having a particle size exceeding 10 mm, And there is a problem that the digestion rate of night is lowered.

Also, in the present invention, the process of pulverizing night can be carried out using a commonly used pulverizer or a pulverizer, preferably a pulverizer capable of controlling the particle size so as to maintain the night particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm Can be used.

Step 4: Blending Step

The crushed chestnuts in the third step can be blended into a conventionally used livestock feed to prepare the nightly feed composition according to the present invention.

The feed composition according to the present invention can be prepared by blending the pulverized product of night produced by the above-described method with 1 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the feed composition.

In the present invention, the term "commonly used livestock feed" refers to a feed composition fed according to the kind of a domesticated animal and the like. All of which are well known in the art and are commercially available, so that anyone skilled in the art can easily manufacture or purchase them. Specifically, the general feed of livestock animal is a part or all of starch-containing substance, protein-containing substance, fat-containing substance, vitamin-containing substance, inorganic substance-containing substance, antioxidant substance, And the starch containing material can be used in the feed composition of the present invention as long as it is capable of maintaining the growth of a livestock animal. Such starch-containing materials are generally selected from corn, soybean, wheat, sorghum, barley, oats And the like.

In addition, in the process of producing the feed composition according to the present invention, the crushed chestnut blended with the livestock feed is a mixture of the endothelium of the chestnut, the lycopene or the mixture of the endothelium and the lycopene in the range of 1 to 10% by weight based on the total feed composition weight The nutritional quality of the feed, the digestibility of the feed, and the palatability of the feed can be improved only when they are mixed in the above-mentioned range. When the mixture of the endothelial cells and the lysine is mixed with the livestock feed, the mixture ratio of the endothelial cells and the lysine can be mixed in a ratio of 2: 8 to 4: 6.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the pulverized product of night was added in an amount of more than 10% by weight (containing 15%), the feed intake and nutrient utilization were decreased.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the crushed chestnuts are blended in the ratio of 3 to 5% by weight to the livestock feed, the feed production cost can be reduced by about 7 to 8%.

Therefore, the feed composition of the present invention preferably contains 1 to 10% by weight of pulverized chestnuts based on the total weight of the feed composition, and when using feeds containing chestnuts in this range, improvements in livestock growth and meat grade And it was effective.

As described above, when the livestock feed composition prepared by the method of the present invention is used for raising livestock, the feed composition of the present invention is characterized in that it can improve the growth of the livestock and the utilization rate of the nutrients, Can be reduced.

In addition, the feed composition according to the present invention contains the carbohydrate containing sugar as a main ingredient, but the concentration of glucose and urea in the blood of the livestock fed with the feed composition of the present invention was measured, Of the total.

Therefore, it was found that there was no livestock-induced side effect due to the addition of chestnut to the livestock feed, and therefore it was found that the feed composition of the present invention is safe for application to livestock.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

However, these examples are for illustrating the present invention specifically, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

< Experimental Example  1>

Production of livestock feed using chestnuts

In order to prepare a livestock feed using chestnut, the present inventors first made a livestock feed after confirming through the experiment as below the part suitable for the feed and the grain size of the chestnut at night.

<1-1> Proper particle size measurement of the night to be added to feed

Nutrient content and in vitro digestibility were analyzed by the following method. The dried and crushed chestnuts were harvested and stored in a low temperature storage tank.

1) Crushing process: Drying without drying the hard outer shell is time consuming and the cost for drying is greatly increased. Firstly, crushing the outer shell using a crusher before drying reduces drying time and cost Respectively.

2) Drying process: The shredded chestnuts were dried in a dryer at 60 ° C for 2 days.

3) Crushing process: The crushed chestnuts were pulverized using 1mm and 3mm screen, and they were mixed with the pig feed. However, the production rate of crushed chestnut was low and the chestnut A lot of dust was generated by the fluff. It was expected that when fed to pigs, it would cause coughing, etc., which would lower the palatability of feeds and cause diseases such as respiratory diseases. The bulk of the crushed chestnut was increased (20kg / min) and the dusting phenomenon was also reduced. Therefore, it was judged to be advantageous in the present invention to use a 5-10 mm screen for making crushed chestnuts.

<1-2> Measurement of nutrient and digestibility by night in vitro )

The chestnut was divided into sections (outer shell, endothelium and lignin), dried in a 60 ° C dryer for 48 hours, and pulverized into 1 mm particles using a pulverizer. Approximately 0.5 g of the pulverized sample was quantitatively sealed with 50 ml of a 0.2% pepsin solution in a 150 ml glass bottle, followed by shaking gently for 48 hours in a shaking incubator at 39 ° C. Immediately after the culture was completed, the solution and the sample were filtered using a filter paper and washed with distilled water 2-3 times. After washing, the filter paper and the remaining solids were dried in a 105 ° C dryer for 24 hours and then weighed to determine the dry digestibility of the building. After the drying, the crude protein content was analyzed by using a filter paper and solid content analyzer and the crude proteinase digestibility was calculated by comparing with the crude protein content before culturing. Other analytical methods were analyzed according to A.O.A.C. method.

As a result, the results of night nutrient content and night in vitro digestibility of the night were shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Nutrient content per night division The sheath (A) Endothelial (B) Lining (C) The mixture (A + B + C) building% 93.7 ^a 93.6 ^a 88.4 ^b 91.3 ^ab Crude protein,% DM 2.45 ^c 8.19 ^b 9.68 ^a 8.45 ^b Crude fat,% DM 0.56 ^c 0.80 ^b 1.06 ^a 0.84 ^b View Minutes,% DM 0.76 ^b 2.40 ^a 2.91 ^a 2.18 ^a

a ~ c Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

As shown in Table 1, the building content of the night was the highest in the outer and inner hulls and the lowest in the hull (P <0.05). This means that the moisture is not adsorbed well on the outer skin and the inner skin after drying at night, but the moisture is adsorbed well to the outer skin. Crude protein content was in the order of lignite (9.68%), mixture (8.45%), endothelial (8.19%) and envelope (2.45%) (P <0.05). The crude fat content was 0.56% - 1.06%, which was very low overall, but the grain was the highest at 1.06% (P <0.05). The contents of ash, lignin and mixture were 2.40, 2.91 and 2.18%, respectively, which was higher than that of 0.76% (P <0.05).

In vitro digestibility of chestnut division The sheath (A) Endothelial (B) Lining (C) The mixture (A + B + C) Building digestibility,% 1.10 ^c 42.8 ^b 48.9 ^a 45.4 ^ab Crude protein digestibility,% DM 0.00 ^d 42.9 ^c 100.0 ^a 60.3 ^b

a ~ d Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

As shown in Table 2, the digestibility of the building was well decomposed in the order of lignite, mixture and endothelium, but the shell was not decomposed at all. Crude protein digestibility showed 100% digestibility in the case of granules and 60% and 43% in the mixture and endothelium. This is because the lignin contains a lot of starch, sugars and pure protein that are well decomposed, but it contains a lot of hard stratum corneum and (fibrin) non-degradable crude protein which are difficult to decompose in the shell.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention decided that it would be preferable to use chestnuts and endothelia in consideration of the fact that chestnut husks are not degraded by pepsin at all.

< Example  1 to 5>

Production of chestnut-fed livestock feed according to the present invention

The present inventors purchased chestnuts stored in a low-temperature storage room after harvesting in 2008. The chestnuts were first crushed using a crusher before drying and then dried using a dryer at 60 ° C for 2 days. After drying, the chestnut was ground using a 5-mm screen. The chestnuts were classified according to each site (shell, endothelium, alveoli, and mixtures thereof) to prepare livestock according to the composition shown in Table 3 below.

Manufacture of livestock feed containing crushed chestnuts at night Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Chestnut coat Endothelial lining Envelope + inner skin + lining
(2: 4: 4) Endothelium + lining
(3: 7) Night weight 100g 100g 100g 100g 100g Feed weight for general pork 900g 900g 900g 900g 900g Mixed feed weight for total pork 1kg 1kg 1kg 1kg 1kg

< Experimental Example  2>

Determination of Digestibility by Combination of Chestnut Contents in vivo )

In the above Examples 1 to 5, the effects of the chestnut-fed diet on the palatability, nutrient utilization, hematological characteristics and feces of the feed were tested.

(Landrace 占 Yorkshire 占 Duroc) having an average weight of 95 kg (Landrace 占 Yorkshire 占 Duroc) were weighed individually in the pest for metabolic testing according to the random arrangement method. Each of them was prepared by the same method as in Example 4 of Table 3, The experiment was carried out on four experimental groups consisting of 0, 5, 10 and 15% by weight of crushed chestnuts composed of mixture of endothelial cells and lignin, respectively. The preliminary test period was set to 14 This study was conducted for 7 days. Diets were fed unlimited twice during the morning (08:00) and during the afternoon (17:00), and the remaining feed was collected before the feeding of the morning feed, and the feed intake was calculated for the day before. During the test period, all of the feces were collected and used for analysis. On the 5th day after the feeding of the morning test, blood was collected from the jugular vein using K3EDTA vaccum tube to analyze urea nitrogen and blood glucose content Respectively. The collected feeds, feedstuffs and feedstuffs were kept frozen until analysis and other analyzes were in accordance with the practices.

The results are shown in Tables 4 to 7 below.

Nutrient content of test diets Night content 0% 5% 10% 15% building% 87.1 87.4 86.8 86.6 Crude protein,% DM 20.0 ^a 18.9 ^ab 18.2 ^b 17.1 ^c Crude fat,% DM 5.3 ^a 5.1 ^ab 4.9 ^ab 4.7 ^b

a ~ c Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

As shown in Table 4, the content of the building was similar regardless of the level of night substitution, but the crude protein and crude fat content gradually decreased with increasing night substitute level. This is because the crude protein and crude fat contained at night were less than the finishing feed.

Feed Intake and Nutrient Utilization Rate Night content 0% 5% 10% 15% Building intake, kg DM 2.87 ^ab 2.77 ^ab 3.02 ^a 2.67 ^b Digestibility,% DM building 87.1 ^a 87.0 ^a 83.7 ^b 81.2 ^b Crude protein 74.5 74.8 75.0 73.6 Crude fat 57.2 56.7 56.0 57.3

a ~ b Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

As shown in Table 5 above, the building intake was highest in the experimental group in which night was replaced by 10%. It is considered that this increased the palatability due to the high sugar content of the night. Dry digestibility was lower in the 10% cholesterol and 15% cholesterol than in the control (0%) and 5% cholesterol but the crude protein and crude fat digestibility were not different between the experimental groups.

Blood Glucose and Blood Urea Nitrogen Night content 0% 5% 10% 15% Blood glucose, mg / dl 98.3 91.0 96.3 89.7 Blood urea nitrogen, mg / dl 14.0 ^ab 14.5 ^ab 14.7 ^a 10.3 ^b

a ~ b Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

There was no difference in blood glucose level according to night substitution level, but blood urea nitrogen level was slightly higher than that of control group (0%) and night group (15%). However, blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen levels were normal in livestock regardless of night substitution level.

Fractionated ammonia and hydrogen sulphide gas Night content 0% 5% 10% 15% Ammonia, ppm / ml 0.01 0.03 0 0 Hydrogen sulfide, ppm / ml 12.3 10.9 21.3 25.6

The concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas in the samples were not significantly different between the experimental groups and the ammonia production was very low.

In conclusion, the palatability of the feed increased when the content of crushed chestnut contained in the general feed increased to 10%, but decreased when it was replaced by the amount of 15% exceeding 10%. There was no difference in the use of nutrients between the control and the control group at 5%, but it was significantly decreased at 15%. Glucose and urea nitrate concentrations in the blood were higher in all experimental groups and lower in 15% of the night than in the other experimental groups. Therefore, it would be advantageous if the substitution level of the substitute level did not exceed 10% when the night was supplemented to the feed.

< Experimental Example  3>

Effects of Night Mixing on Growth and Meat Quality of Livestock

In order to investigate the effect of the addition level of night on the non-pork diet in general on the growth and meat quality of the finishing pigs, it was made up of a mixture of envelopes, endothelium and lobules having a grain size of 5 mm prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 of Table 3 Experiments were carried out on four experimental groups of 0, 3, 5, and 10% by weight of crushed chestnuts by varying the content ratio. 32 landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc (average weight 67.78kg) were distributed and 8 pairs were assigned to each experimental group so that the average weight was similar. In each experimental group, 2 pigs were set and 4 pairs of each pigs were stocked. The chestnuts and feeds were mixed weekly, and about 200 g of samples were collected for analysis of moisture and nutrient content and stored frozen until analysis. On the other hand, just before feeding the newly compounded feed, the residual amount was measured to calculate the feed intake amount of the last week, and about 100 g of the sample was sampled to measure moisture. Feeds were fed unlimitedly using a feeder, and feeds were checked and replenished at 09:00 and 17:00. On the other hand, the negative was made free vegetarian. Body weights were measured at the beginning and at the end of the test. Blood was collected from the carotid artery one week before the end of the experiment and used for blood analysis. After the completion of the test, all the axes of the specimens were transferred to the slaughterhouse and slaughtered for grading.

The results are shown in Tables 8 to 19 below.

General composition of feed Night content 0% 5% 10% 15% building, % 87.2 87.1 87.1 87.1 Crude protein,% DM 12.6 ^a 13.2 ^a 12.1 ^ab 11.8 ^b Crude fat,% DM 3.5 ^a 3.2 ^ab 3.3 ^ab 2.8 ^b View Minutes,% DM 1.9 2.1 2.2 1.9

a ~ b Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

There was no difference in the contents of building and hatching according to the level of night substitution. However, crude protein content was 0% and 3% in 12.6% and 13.2%, respectively, which was higher than 11.8% in 10% (P <0.05) (P <0.05).

Weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Starting weight, kg 67.9 68.1 67.3 67.9 Weight at end, kg 114.8 ^b 117.6 ^a 117.8 ^a 118.6 ^a Daily weight gain, kg 0.96 ^b 1.01 ^a 1.04 ^a 1.04 ^a Daily feed intake, kg 1.24 ^b 1.21 ^b 1.21 ^b 1.29 ^a Feed efficiency (weight gain / intake) 0.77 ^c 0.84 ^ab 0.86 ^a 0.81 ^bc

a ~ c Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

As shown in Table 9, there was no difference between the initial weights of the finishing pigs, the weight gain, the feed intake and the feed efficiency of the finishing pigs according to the night substitution level, The experimental group was higher than the 0% experimental group. On the other hand, the feed intake was significantly higher in the experimental group that replaced the night by 10% than in the other experimental group, and the feed efficiency was significantly improved in the experiment group in which the night was replaced by 3% and 5%.

Blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Blood glucose, mg / dl 96.3 96.4 96.9 95.0 Blood urea nitrogen, mg / dl 14.3 14.4 16.8 15.1

The blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen content of the finishing pigs according to the night substitution level were not different between the experimental groups as shown in Table 10 above.

Six grades Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Carcass weight, kg 83.9 ^b 87.8 85.3 ^ab 85.1 ^ab Conductivity,% 73.1 ^ab 74.6 ^a 74.2 ^a 71.8 ^b Floor thickness, mm 20.5 ^b 21.4 18.9 21.8 Meat grade, 1 ⁺ : 1: 2 0: 7: 3 1: 6: 3 1: 6: 3 1: 6: 3 Weight grade, A: B: C 7: 2: 1 8: 2: 0 7: 2: 1 7: 2: 1

a ~ b Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

To determine the meat grade of the finishing pigs according to the night substitution level, the finishing grade was evaluated by slaughtering the finishing pigs after the test. As a result, as shown in Table 11, the carcass weight was higher in all experimental groups (3%, 5%, and 10%) that replaced chestnut than the no-chest experimental group (0% % And 5% of the experimental group were higher than those of the nightly group. The quality grade is not in the test group (0%) that is added to the night in the experimental group, while at night there is no substitute for 1 ⁺ 1 ⁺ rating was rated appeared, the yield grade experimental groups did not significantly differ.

General composition and pH of meat Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% moisture, % 74.3 74.3 73.7 73.8 Crude protein,% 30.1 28.3 29.0 30.2 pH 5.57 5.66 5.58 5.57

Moisture, crude protein and pH of sirloin meat were similar regardless of night substitution level.

Sensory test Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Color 4.81 4.88 4.88 4.81 zest 3.92 3.88 3.97 3.83 Nasty 2.20 2.33 2.36 2.22 Juicy 4.89 4.75 4.77 5.02 Marble 4.39 4.38 4.41 4.55 Comprehensive likelihood 4.64 4.67 4.77 4.66

The meat color, flavor, unpleasantness, juice, marbling, and overall acceptability of sirloin meat were similar to each other regardless of night substitution level as shown in Table 13 above.

Fatty acid composition (%) Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% 14: 0 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 14: 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15: 0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 16: 0 24.5 24.5 24.7 24.7 16: 1 2.8 3.1 2.7 2.9 18: 0 12.5 12.4 13.2 12.6 18: 1t-11 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 18: 1n-9 42.1 42.9 41.5 41.7 18: 2 12.0 11.0 11.6 12.0 20: 1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 18: 3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 22: 0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 20: 3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 22: 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 EPA 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 24: 1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 DPA 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 DHA 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 SFA 38.76 38.7 39.7 39.1 UFA 61.24 61.3 60.3 60.9 SFA / UFA 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

As a result of examining the fatty acid content of sirloin meat, the results were similar to those of the experimental group regardless of the night substitution level as shown in Table 14 above.

Economic analysis Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Intake, kg General food 121.6 114.6 106.8 113.7 night 0.0 3.5 5.6 12.6 Total intake 121.6 118.1 112.4 126.3 Feed costs, won General food 72,960 70,860 67,440 75,780 night 0 1,050 1,680 3,780 Total Cost (A) 72,960 71,910 69,120 79,560 Total weight gain (B), kg 46.9 49.4 47.8 50.8 Feed ratio (B / A) per body weight, 1,556 1,458 1,446 1,566 productivity, % 100.0 93.6 93.0 100.7

As a result of analyzing the economical efficiency of the chestnut substitute, total feeds consumed per one test shaft during the entire test period were 121, 118, and 112, respectively, when the night was replaced by 0, 3, 5, and 10% And 126kg, respectively, and the price per kilogram of regular compound feed for the finishing pigs was 600 won and 300 won, respectively. On the basis of this, the feed costs consumed in the test shaft during the whole test period were 72,960 won (0%), 71,910 won (3%), 69,120 won (5%) and 79,560 won (10%). On the other hand, the gross weight of each test group was 46.9kg for 0% substitute, 49.4kg for 3% substitute, 47.8kg for 5% substitute and 50.8kg for 10% substitute. When the ratio was converted into feed ratio per kg body weight, it was 1,556, 1,458, 1,446 and 1,566 won in the 3, 5 and 10% test groups, respectively. Also, it was shown that the production cost of the 3% and 5% test area was reduced by about 7% when the test area (0% test area) that did not replace the night was converted. Therefore, it will be helpful to reduce the production cost by substituting nutrients for finishing pigs.

Color Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Lightness (L, Lightness) 55.32 ^ab 54.12 ^b 56.61 ^a 55.80 ^ab Redness (a, Redness) 6.69 ^a 5.89 ^b 7.36 ^a 7.12 ^a Yellowness (b, Yellowness) 4.32 ^a 3.04 ^b 4.39 ^a 4.32 ^a

a ~ c Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

The lightness (L) of sirloin meat was the highest at 56.61, while the lowest at 3% was 54.12 (P <0.05). On the other hand, the redness and yellowness of the sirloin meat were 5.89 and 3.04, respectively, which were the lowest in the test group (P <0.05).

Water holding capacity Night content 0% 3% 5% 10% Cooking loss (%) 41.63 40.92 41.68 40.42 Drip loss (%) 5.17 ^a 2.88 ^b 3.23 ^ab 3.32 ^ab Water holding capacity (WHC,%) 67.50 74.87 73.53 72.54 Shear force (Kg / ㎠) 4.06 3.74 3.86 4.01

a ~ c Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

There was no significant difference in heating and weight loss of sirloin meat regardless of night substitution level. However, the juice weight loss was the highest at 5.17% in the 0% replacement at night and the lowest at 2.88% in the 3% replacement (P <0.05). The 0% substitution test was higher in juice weight loss and no significant difference was observed in water holding capacity but all treatments showed higher values than control. Shear strength refers to the strength of the force used to cut pork, and is used as a measure of tenderness and tenderness in meat. It is generally determined by the amount of connective tissue or intramuscular fat present in the meat, And so on. Higher shear force was shown to be 4.06 in the control with the lowest water holding capacity and lower value of 3.74 and 3.86 in the 3% and 5% alternative test, indicating the relationship between water holding capacity and shear force.

PH change with storage period 0% 3% 5% 10% pH 1 day 5.57 ^{b, y} 5.66 ^{a, y} 5.58 ^{ab , y} 5.57 ^{b, y} 3 day 5.73 ^x 5.82 ^x 5.74 ^x 5.71 ^x 5 day 5.69 ^{ab , x} 5.74 ^{a, xy} 5.60 ^{b, y} 5.61 ^{b, y} 7 day 5.68 ^{ab , x} 5.73 ^{a, xy} 5.59 ^{b, y} 5.62 ^{b, y}

x, y Means with different superscripts in the same column significantly differ at P <0.05.

a, b Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

The change of pH with the storage period of sirloin meat was the highest at 3 days of storage at all test sites (p <0.05). On the other hand, in the storage day 1, the test group which replaced 3% of night was 5.66, which was higher than that of 0% and 5.57 of the 10% test group (P <0.05) Compared to 5.60 and 5.61 in the 10% test group (P <0.05). Also, the 3% test group was higher than the 5% and 10% test group on the 7th day of storage (P <0.05).

Change in color depending on storage period 0% 3% 5% 10% Brightness (L) 1 day 55.32 ^{ab , x} 54.12 ^{b, x} 56.61 ^{a, x} 55.80 ^{ab , x} 3 day 49.29 ^z 49.61 ^y 51.35 ^z 51.24 ^y 5 day 50.36 ^z 50.77 ^y 52.50 ^{y, z} 52.10 ^y 7 day 52.72 ^{ab , y} 51.18 ^{b, y} 54.25 ^{a, y} 53.52 ^{a, y} Redness (a) 1 day 6.69 ^{a, xy} 5.89 ^b 7.36 ^a 7.12 ^a 3 day 5.91 ^{b, y} 6.00 ^b 6.98 ^a 6.77 ^a 5 day 6.07 ^{b, y} 6.18 ^ab 6.94 ^a 6.64 ^ab 7 day 7.17 ^{ab , x} 6.61 ^b 7.68 ^a 7.20 ^ab Yellow color (b) 1 day 4.32 ^{a, x} 3.04 ^{b, xy} 4.39 ^{a, xy} 4.32 ^{a, xy} 3 day 2.46 ^y 2.56 ^y 3.20 ^z 3.28 ^z 5 day 2.71 ^{c, y} 3.00 ^{bc , xy} 3.85 ^{a, xy} 3.71 ^{ab , yz} 7 day 4.30 ^{ab , x} 3.58 ^{b, x} 5.17 ^{a, x} 4.57 ^{a, x}

x to z Means with different superscripts in the same column at significantly differ at P <0.05.

a ~ c Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ at P <0.05.

The lightness (L) according to the storage period of sirloin meat was highest at 1 day of storage in all treatments, but lowest at 3 days of storage (P <0.05). In the storage day 1, 5% and 5% of the 5% and 50% of the 5% and 5%, respectively, of the 3% (P < 0.05).

The redness (a) of sirloin meat was higher (P <0.05) than that of 3 days and 5 days in 7 days of storage at 0% There was no change with storage period. On the 1st day of storage, the values of 0, 5 and 10% for the night were higher than those for the 3% test (P <0.05). On the 3rd day, the 5% and 10% (P <0.05), respectively. In the 5th day of storage, the 5% test group was 6.94, which was higher (P <0.05) than the 5 day test group (6.07)

The yellowness (b) of sirloin meat was lowest at 3 days in all test groups according to the storage period, but increased again at 7 days (P <0.05). On the 1st day of storage, 0, 5 and 10% substitution of night was higher than that of 3% (P <0.05). On the 5th day, the 5% test was highest at 3.85 and the 0% test was 2.71 (P < 0.05). In the 7th day of storage, the 5% and 10% test groups were 5.17 and 4.57, respectively, which were higher than the 3.5% of the 3% test group (P <0.05).

In addition, the effect of the mixture according to the present invention on the fatty acid composition during storage of the sirloin meat when fed to the finishing pigs was analyzed (see Fig. 1). The fatty acid group (TBARS) of sirloin meat was an experiment to measure the production of malonaldehyde, a specific compound in carbonyl chemicals, as fat burning in fat was progressed.

As a result, as shown in Fig. 1, the fatty acid composition increased to 5 days according to the storage period, but showed a tendency to decrease rapidly at 7 days. On the first day of storage, 3% of the night was replaced by the lower test group, but from the 2nd day onwards, the 10% test group was lower during the storage period (P <0.05). The dry weight of the test group at 0% was the highest during storage (P <0.05). As a result, it is considered that the increase in the content of chestnut powder has a positive effect on the fattening of the pork loin, which will greatly improve the storage stability of pork.

As a result of all of the above experiments, the body weight and body weight gain were higher in all experimental groups that replaced chestnut than in 0% experimental group. Feed intake was highest in 10% It was found that the experimental group which replaced night with 3% and 5% improved significantly. In addition, the weight of carcass was higher in all experimental groups (3%, 5%, 10%) than in the night group (0%), 1 ⁺ rating, whereas the experimental group replaces one night free ⁺ rating to appear was measured twenty-six overall grade higher in the experimental group replaces the night. As a result, it was found that the growth and nutrient grading of the finishing pigs was improved due to the substitution of the nutrients in the night. In addition, when the night was replaced with 3% and 5%, the production cost was reduced by about 7 to 8% .

The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all differences within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims (5)

Wherein the chestnuts are pulverized at a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm in an amount of 3 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the livestock feed composition, wherein the chestnut is a mixture of chestnuts, endothelium and lobules, Feed composition. delete Crushing the night shell;
Drying the shredded chestnut;
Pulverizing the dried chestnuts to a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm; And
Wherein the crushed chestnuts are blended into a livestock feed at a ratio of 3 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of the livestock feed composition, thereby improving pig growth, meat quality, and shelf life. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the step of drying the crushed chestnut is performed at a temperature of 55 to 65 DEG C for 45 to 50 hours. delete

Images