KR101438120B1 - Protection devices for power line against high altitude electromagnetic pulse - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a protection device for a power line against a high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) capable of being utilized in facilities requiring a protection device against HEMP for a large-capacity power supply over 100 A by composing the protection device for a power line against HEMP using a differential-mode inductor circuit. According to the embodiments of the present specification, the protection device for a power line against HEMP for protection against HEMP flowing in through a power input terminal includes: a power input unit which discharges HEMP current flowing in through a power input terminal to a ground terminal and accordingly reduces the HEMP current primarily; a radio frequency interference (RFI) filter unit which blocks electromagnetic waves by more than a predefined value in a certain high frequency electromagnetic wave band while maintaining the HEMP which is primarily reduced by the power input unit not to exceed a predefined current value; and a power output unit which is connected to the RFI unit and provides a power terminal to apply power to a load device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a power line protection device for a HEMP,

The present invention relates to a power line protection device for HEMP countermeasures.

Generally, among many electromagnetic environments, electronic magnetic pulse (EMP) can be classified into nuclear EMP (High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse), HEMP, and non-nuclear EMP (lightning, electronic bomb pulse, HPM, etc.). Nuclear EMP (NEMP, Nuclear EMP) is also called High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP), and it is an electromagnetic pulse generated when a nuclear explosion occurs at an altitude of 30 km or more. When HEMP is induced in a power line or a signal line, it can generate a transient voltage and an electric current to malfunction or disable the electric / electronic equipments. Especially, if major facilities of military facilities, communication facilities, power plants, financial computing systems, etc. are disabled, it can cause great harm to the nation. Therefore, it is necessary to establish facility protection measures for HEMP.

Korean Patent Application No. 10--2012-0027501

It is an object of the present invention to provide a HEMP protection device for a power line using a differential mode inductor circuit, thereby providing a power line protection device for a HEMP countermeasure that can be utilized in a facility requiring a HEMP protection device for a large capacity power supply of 100 A or more .

The power line protection device for HEMP measures according to embodiments of the present invention is a device for protecting a HEMP (High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse) drawn into a power input terminal by discharging HEMP current drawn through a power input terminal to a ground terminal A power input unit for primarily reducing the HEMP current; An RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) filter unit for blocking an electromagnetic wave more than a preset value for a specific high frequency electromagnetic wave band while keeping the HEMP current, which has been first reduced in the power input unit, not exceeding a predetermined current value; And a power output unit connected to the RFI filter unit and providing a power terminal for applying power to the load equipment.

The power line protection device for HEMP countermeasures according to the embodiments of the present invention can be utilized in a facility requiring a HEMP protection device for a large capacity power source of 100 A or more by configuring a power line HEMP protection device using a differential mode inductor circuit.

1 is a block diagram of a power line protection device for HEMP measures according to the present invention.
2 is a circuit diagram of a HEMP protection apparatus for a single-phase power line according to the present invention.
3 is a circuit diagram of a HEMP protection device for a three-phase power line according to the present invention.
4 is a schematic diagram of a power line HEMP protection device according to the present invention.
5 is a view illustrating a rotation preventing device of a stud bolt installed on a shielding partition wall according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary view showing a configuration of a single-phase 250 V / 200 A class power line HEMP protection device fabricated according to embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an exemplary view showing a summary table of reliability test results of a HEMP protection apparatus manufactured according to embodiments of the present invention.
8A to 8E are diagrams illustrating waveforms of a PCI short pulse test evaluation result for a HEMP protection device manufactured according to embodiments of the present invention.
9 is a diagram illustrating an insertion loss measurement waveform for a HEMP protection device (single-phase power line 200A) fabricated according to embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the technical idea of the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and like parts are denoted by similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

정도의 임펄스에 대해서는 보호효과가 있다. 그러나 단순히 MOV 소자만으로는 보호기의 최종 출력전류를 일정수준 이하로 억제하기는 매우 힘들다. 또한 GDT 소자는 보호기의 최종 출력전류를 낮추는데 기여할 수 있으나 GDT 소자가 교류전원이 인가된 상태에서 HEMP에 의해 동작시에는 HEMP가 제거된 상태에서도 교류전원에 의해 지속적인 속류(follow current)가 발생하므로 전원선로에 HEMP 방호를 위해 단독으로는 적용할 수 없는 문제가 있었다. A HEMP protection device for power supply is required to stably protect the equipment from transient voltage and current induced in the power line due to HEMP (High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse). Current surge protection devices commonly used in the industry consist of MOV (metal oxide varistor) or GDT (gas discharge tube) simply connected in parallel to the line. The surge protection system based on MOV has a rise time corresponding to a lightning surge caused by a normal lightning strike.

It has a protective effect on the impulse of degree. However, it is very difficult to suppress the final output current of the protector below a certain level by simply using MOV elements. In addition, the GDT device can contribute to lowering the final output current of the protection device. However, when the GDT device is operated by the HEMP in the state where the AC power is applied, the follow current is continuously generated by the AC power even in the state where the HEMP is removed. There was a problem on the track that could not be applied solely for HEMP protection.

The inductor, which is one of the components constituting the protection device, can be classified into a common mode inductor and a differential mode inductor. In the case of a filter composed of a common mode inductor, a very large value of several mH or more is used in order to increase the electromagnetic wave shielding effect. Therefore, there is a problem that a common mode inductor is saturated with a load current when a large- In common mode inductors, a single core with high permeability must pass 2 lines for a single phase and 4 lines for a 3 phase 4 wire type. In such a case, a large diameter core and a large capacity core are required.

부하에 흐르는 잔류전류가 10A를 초과하지 않고, 또한 상승시간이 1.5

이하이면서 3~5ms의 펄스폭을 가진 HEMP 중펄스 전류를 인가하였을 때 펄스 전류를 효과적으로 차단하는 기능을 가지고, 10MHz 이상의 고주파수 대역에 대해서는 80dB 이상 전자파를 차단하는 삽입손실 특성을 가지는 250VAC, 100A 이상급 전원선용 HEMP 방호장치를 설명한다. 본 발명에 따라 제작한 방호장치는 HEMP 방호장치에 대한 신뢰성 평가기준인 RS-KTL-2012-0018 (HEMP 방호용 필터 신뢰성 평가기준)을 충족한다.Accordingly, the present invention relates to a HEMP protection device for a power line comprising a MOV, a radio frequency interference (RFI) circuit including a differential mode inductor, and the like. The HEMP protection device described in MIL-STD-188-125-1 When Pulse Current Injection (HEMP) pulsed current with a pulse width of 500 ~ 550ns with a rise time of 20ns or less is applied with a specified magnitude, the protective device output stage 2

If the residual current in the load does not exceed 10 A and the rise time is 1.5

HEMP with a pulse width of 3 to 5 ms and a function to effectively block pulse current when a pulse current is applied. 250 VAC, 100 A or more power supply having an insertion loss characteristic that cuts electromagnetic wave of 80 dB or more for a high frequency band of 10 MHz or more This paper describes a HEMP protection device for ship use. The protection device manufactured according to the present invention meets RS-KTL-2012-0018 (HEMP protection filter reliability evaluation standard), which is a reliability evaluation standard for HEMP protection devices.

1 is a block diagram of a power line protection device for HEMP measures according to the present invention.

1, a power line protection device for HEMP countermeasures according to the present invention includes:

A power input unit 10 for reducing the HEMP PCI short pulse current to a first stage by discharging the HEMP PCI short pulse current drawn through the power input line to the ground terminal;

(For example, 10 MHz or more) high frequency electromagnetic wave band while keeping the first-order HEMP short-pulse current in the power input unit 10 from exceeding a predetermined current value (for example, 10 A) An RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) filter unit 20 for blocking electromagnetic waves at a predetermined frequency (for example, 80 dB) or more;

And a power output unit 30 connected to the RFI filter unit 20 and providing a power terminal for applying power to the load equipment. The HEMP protection device according to the present invention is connected between a power line and the load device, and applies power to the load device through the power terminal while shielding the electromagnetic wave by 80 dB or more.

2 is a circuit diagram of a HEMP protection apparatus for a single-phase power line according to the present invention.

2, in the HEMP protection device for a single-phase power line according to the present invention,

A pair of MOV (M1) connected in parallel to a single-phase power input terminal (H (HOT), N (NUTRAL));

A pair of discharge resistors R connected to the pair of MOVs M1 and connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals H and N;

A first pair of differential mode inductors (L1) respectively connected to the pair of discharge resistors (R) and serially connected to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);

A pair of Y-capacitors (C1) connected to the first pair of differential mode inductors (L1) and connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);

A pair of circuit protection elements (CP) connected to the pair of Y-capacitors (C1) and connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);

A second pair of differential mode inductors (L2) coupled to the pair of circuit protection elements (CP) and serially connected to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);

And a pair of through capacitors C2 connected in parallel to the second pair of differential mode inductors L2.

A ground line is connected between the pair of MOV (M1), between the pair of discharge resistors (R), between the pair of Y capacitors (C1) and between the pair of circuit protection elements (CP).

When the HEMP transient current is input to the single-phase power input terminals H and N, the MOV M1 connected to each power input terminal is operated to flow most of the transient current to the ground, ) Prevents transient and transient currents in the differential inductor (L1) and the Y-capacitor (C1), which limit sudden current and voltage changes on the rear side, and differential inductors (L1 and Y1) L2 and the through-type capacitor C2 finally suppress the transient current and the transient voltage.

The differential mode inductor L1, the Y-capacitor C1, the differential inductor L2 and the feedthrough capacitor C2 attenuate the transient voltage and the transient current while at the same time attenuating the RF (Low Pass Filter) radio frequency (RF) signals.

The resistor R discharges a voltage charged in the Y-capacitor C1 and the through-type capacitor C2 when the power source is turned off.

The CP (Circuit Protector) serves to limit the inrush current generated when the Y-capacitor C1 and the through-type capacitor C2 are rapidly charged when the power supply is turned on, and to prevent the inrush current generated when the power is suddenly Thereby preventing a reverse voltage of the mode inductors L1 and L2.

The power input unit 10 receives a power supply and a HEMP signal and includes the metal oxide varistor (M 1) M 1. The metal oxide varistor M 1 is connected between each line and a ground terminal So that the transient voltage by the HEMP is primarily attenuated.

The RFI filter unit 20 includes the pair of discharge resistors R, the first pair of differential mode inductors L1, the pair of Y-capacitors C1, (CP), the second pair of differential mode inductors (L2), and the pair of through capacitors (C2).

The RFI filter unit 20 is a low-frequency band-pass filter (Low) that cuts off electromagnetic waves of 80 dB or more for a high-frequency electromagnetic wave band of 10 MHz or more while keeping the HEMP short- Pass Filter) function. The pair of the through-type capacitors C2 are connected to the power output unit 30.

The RFI filter unit 20 may be composed of a combination of elements that can be installed independently for each phase such as a differential mode inductor and a Y-capacitor. Since only the differential mode inductor is used as an inductance element, a voltage drop is small, Common mode inductors are not used, which makes it easy to manufacture large capacity HEMP protection devices of 100A or more.

Hereinafter, a HEMP protection device for a three-phase four-wire type power line according to the present invention will be described.

3 is a circuit diagram of a HEMP protection device for a three-phase power line according to the present invention.

3, the power input unit 10 includes an MOV M1 connected between the three-phase power input terminals R, S, T, and N and a ground.

The RFI filter unit 20 includes:

A discharge resistor (R) connected between the respective MOV (M1) and the ground;

A first differential mode inductor L1 connected to the discharge resistor R and connected in series to the three-phase power input terminals R, S, T, and N;

A Y-capacitor C1 connected between the first differential mode inductor L1 and the ground;

A circuit protector (CP) connected between the Y-capacitor (C1) and the ground;

A second differential mode inductor L2 connected in series to the circuit protection element CP;

And a through-type capacitor C2 connected in parallel to the second differential mode inductor L2.

3, when the HEMP transient current is input to the three-phase power input terminals R, S, T, and N, the MOV (M1) connected to each power input terminal is operated to flow most of the transient current to the ground, (L1) and Y-capacitor (C1) that limit sudden current and voltage changes behind the MOV (M1) and prevent transient and transient currents in the differential inductor (L1) and Y-capacitor C1) at the rear end to suppress the transient current and the transient voltage finally in the differential inductor L2 and the through-type capacitor C2.

3, the differential mode inductor L1, the Y-capacitor C1, the differential inductor L2 and the feed-through capacitor C2 attenuate the transient voltage and the transient current, and at the same time, as a low pass filter circuit And serves to block the RF signal.

In FIG. 3, the resistor R discharges a voltage charged in the Y-capacitor C1 and the through-type capacitor C2 when the power source is turned off.

In FIG. 3, the circuit protector CP has a role of limiting the inrush current generated when the Y-capacitor C1 and the through-type capacitor C2 are rapidly charged when the power supply is turned on, And prevents the reverse voltage of the differential mode inductors L1 and L2.

4 is a schematic diagram of a power line HEMP protection device according to the present invention.

4, a power line protection device (single-phase, three-phase four-wire type) comprises a power input unit 10, an RFI filter unit 20, and a power output unit 30, 4-1, and the shielding partition 4-1 shields electromagnetic waves.

5 is a view illustrating a rotation preventing device of a stud bolt installed on a shielding partition wall according to the present invention.

5, the power input unit 10, the RFI filter unit 20, and the power output unit 30 are separated by the shielding partition 4-1.

The rotation preventing device of the stud bolt (not shown) for fixing the shielding partition 4-1 to the HEMP countermeasure power line protection device according to the present invention,

An insulating bushing 5-1 formed in an elliptical hole formed in the shielding partition wall 4-1 and formed in a structure having an elliptical protrusion;

A hole formed in the stud bolt and a pin 5-2 inserted in the hole formed in the insulated bushing 5-2 so that when the power line is connected to or disconnected from the HEMP shield, (Rotation) by the motor. That is, a hole is formed in a portion of the insulating bushing 5-1 and the stud bolt, and the pin 5-2 is inserted into the hole to fix the stud bolt.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a single-phase 250 V / 200 A class power line HEMP protection apparatus fabricated according to embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a three-phase 380 V / 200 A class power line HEMP protection apparatus The size can be larger than the size of a single phase 250 V / 200 A class power line HEMP protection device manufactured according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an exemplary view showing a summary table of reliability test results of a HEMP protection apparatus manufactured according to embodiments of the present invention.

8A to 8E are diagrams illustrating waveforms of a PCI short pulse test evaluation result for a HEMP protection device manufactured according to embodiments of the present invention.

9 is a diagram illustrating an insertion loss measurement waveform for a HEMP protection device (single-phase power line 200A) fabricated according to embodiments of the present invention.

As described above, the power line protection device for HEMP countermeasures according to the embodiments of the present invention includes a differential-mode inductor circuit to constitute a HEMP protection device for a power line, so that a HEMP protection device for a large- It can be utilized in facilities.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas falling within the scope of the same shall be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

An apparatus for protecting a High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) drawn into a power input terminal,
A power input unit for firstly reducing the HEMP current by discharging the HEMP current drawn through the power input terminal to the ground terminal;
An RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) filter unit for blocking an electromagnetic wave more than a preset value for a specific high frequency electromagnetic wave band while keeping the HEMP current, which has been first reduced in the power input unit, not exceeding a predetermined current value;
A power output unit connected to the RFI filter unit and providing a power terminal for applying power to the load equipment;
A shielding partition for separating the power input unit, the RFI filter unit, and the power output unit and shielding electromagnetic waves;
A stud bolt fixing the shielding partition to the protection device;
And a rotation preventing device for preventing rotation of the stud bolt,
The stud bolt anti-
In order to prevent the stud bolt from rotating due to the rotational force of the nut,
An insulating bushing which is assembled in an elliptical hole formed in the shielding partition and is formed in a structure having an elliptical protrusion;
And a hole formed in the stud bolt and a pin inserted in the hole formed in the insulating bushing. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The power input terminal is a single-phase power input terminal,
The power input unit includes a pair of MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor) M1 connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals H (HOT) and N (NUTRAL)
The RFI filter unit,
A pair of discharge resistors R connected to the pair of MOVs M1 and connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals H and N;
A first pair of differential mode inductors (L1) respectively connected to the pair of discharge resistors (R) and serially connected to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);
A pair of Y-capacitors (C1) connected to the first pair of differential mode inductors (L1) and connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);
A pair of circuit protection elements (CP) connected to the pair of Y-capacitors (C1) and connected in parallel to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);
A second pair of differential mode inductors (L2) coupled to the pair of circuit protection elements (CP) and serially connected to the single-phase power input terminals (H, N);
And a pair of through capacitors (C2) connected in parallel to the second pair of differential mode inductors (L2), respectively,
A ground line is connected between the pair of MOVs M1, between the pair of discharge resistors R, between the pair of Y-capacitors C1, and between the pair of circuit protection elements CP A power line protection device for HEMP measures. 5. The method of claim 4,
When a transient current by the HEMP is input to the single-phase power input terminal,
The pair of MOV (M1) connected to each line of the single-phase power input terminal flows the transient current to the ground line to firstly cut off the transient current,
The first pair of differential inductors L1 and the pair of Y capacitors C1 prevent transient voltages and transients applied to the rear sides of the pair of MOVs M1,
The second pair of differential inductors L2 and the pair of second inductors L1 and L2 are connected to the first pair of differential inductors L1 and the pair of Y- And the transient current and the transient voltage are finally suppressed. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the first pair of differential mode inductors L1, the pair of Y capacitors C1, the second pair of differential inductors L2, and the pair of through capacitors C2 are connected to the transient voltage And at the same time attenuates the transient current and blocks the RF signal as a low-frequency band-pass filter circuit. The method according to claim 6,
The pair of resistors R discharge the voltages charged in the pair of Y-capacitors C1 and the through-type capacitors C2 when the power of the single-phase power input terminal is cut off A power line protection device for HEMP measures. 8. The method of claim 7,
The pair of circuit protection elements CP serve to limit the inrush current generated when the pair of Y-capacitors C1 and the pair of the through capacitors C2 are charged when the power source is turned on And a reverse voltage of the first and second differential mode inductors (L1, L2) is prevented when the power source is interrupted instantaneously. The method according to claim 1,
The power input terminal is a three-phase power input terminal (R, S, T, N)
The power input unit includes an MOV (M1) connected between the three-phase power input terminals (R, S, T, N) and a ground,
The RFI filter unit 20 includes:
A discharge resistor (R) connected between the respective MOV (M1) and the ground;
A first differential mode inductor L1 connected to the discharge resistor R and connected in series to the three-phase power input terminals R, S, T, and N;
A Y-capacitor C1 connected between the first differential mode inductor L1 and the ground;
A circuit protector (CP) connected between the Y-capacitor (C1) and the ground;
A second differential mode inductor L2 connected in series to the circuit protection element CP;
And a through-type capacitor (C2) connected in parallel to the second differential mode inductor (L2).

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