CN115986709A - Computer interface thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistance protection device - Google Patents
Computer interface thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistance protection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistance protection device for a computer interface, and belongs to the field of strong electromagnetic pulse protection. The invention provides a lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resisting protection device for a computer interface, which is used for protecting interfaces of a computer power supply, a network, a USB, serial port communication, switching value and analog value. The invention adopts the design of simultaneously protecting differential mode interference and common mode interference and the mode of combining transient protection and filtering, the lightning protection design is mainly divided into differential mode protection and common mode protection, and the differential mode protection design mainly comprises components such as a piezoresistor, a gas discharge tube, a resistor, a transient suppression diode and the like; the common mode protection design mainly comprises components such as a piezoresistor, a gas discharge tube, a transient suppression diode and a capacitor. The invention can not only protect the electromagnetic pulse of thunder and lightning, but also meet the requirement of computer dielectric strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of strong electromagnetic pulse protection, and particularly relates to a lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistant protection device for a computer interface.
Background
The computer is applied to various aerospace systems, and the system has the risk of suffering from lightning stroke in each stage through a plurality of stages such as factory building test, transportation, waiting for sending and taking off, and the possibility of suffering from natural lightning stroke or inducing lightning stroke also exists in the atmospheric flight period. When the system is struck by lightning or nearby lightning discharge occurs, a lightning induction electromagnetic field is formed in the system and is coupled to generate lightning induction current and induction voltage, the lightning induction current and the induction voltage are transmitted into the computer through a power line, a signal line and the like, the computer is possibly caused to fail in the forms of abnormal interface circuit, "reset", "dead halt", device damage and the like, faults such as system data errors, positioning unlocking, communication interruption and the like are caused, and finally serious consequences are caused.
Typical interface types of a computer include power, network, USB, serial communication, switching, analog, and the like. At present, transient devices such as a gas discharge tube, a piezoresistor, a transient suppression diode and the like are mostly adopted for lightning protection of a computer interface for discharge, but after a lightning protection design formed by the transient devices is added into a circuit, the electricity resistance of the interface can no longer meet the safety requirement of the whole computer, and therefore the safety risk of the computer is increased. The electrical strength test in the computer electrical interface test project mainly examines the isolation degree of the computer electrical interface to the ground. The electric strength test conditions mainly comprise three parameters of test voltage, duration and protection current, and represent the safety characteristics of each measurement point to the shell. The electric resistance test is direct current high voltage or alternating current (50 Hz/60 Hz) high voltage, the injection time is 1min, and the rise time is 5s. In the testing process, the computer is not required to have any breakdown, ignition or damage and other faults, and the capacitance between the line and the ground ensures that the computer meets the requirements of the electrical resistance test; the lightning electromagnetic pulse is generally a us-grade instantaneous pulse, the energy is mainly concentrated below 10MHz, and when the lightning electromagnetic pulse is generated, the transient protection device is started to discharge the lightning electromagnetic pulse and protect a post-stage circuit from being influenced and damaged by the pulse. The design of the lightning electromagnetic pulse protection is divided into line-line protection and line-ground protection, and finally the energy of the electromagnetic pulse is discharged to the shell ground, which is contradictory to the requirement of the electric strength.
In order to meet the lightning protection design with the electricity-resistant requirement, three common methods are provided, wherein the first method is to select a device with a starting voltage higher than the electricity-resistant voltage requirement; the second is to design a lightning protection device only between differential lines without designing a device for discharging to the ground to meet the electrical resistance requirement; and the third is to perform an electrical resistance test only when the lightning protection design is not added to the whole machine, and the electrical resistance index is not checked any more after the lightning protection circuit is added, so that each solution has certain potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a device for protecting a computer interface against lightning electromagnetic pulses and electric strength.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a computer interface thunder electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistance protection device comprises a differential mode protection module and a common mode protection module;
the differential mode protection module is composed of a primary differential mode protection unit, an EMI filtering and decoupling unit and a secondary differential mode protection unit, wherein the primary differential mode protection unit is used for discharging received lightning electromagnetic pulse interference; the EMI filtering and decoupling unit is used for inhibiting differential mode interference and realizing decoupling; the secondary differential mode protection unit is used for discharging residual voltage;
the common-mode protection module comprises a primary common-mode protection unit, an EMI filtering and decoupling unit and a secondary common-mode protection unit, wherein the primary common-mode protection unit is used for discharging common-mode transient interference and discharging alternating-current components; the EMI filtering and decoupling unit is used for inhibiting the common-mode inductor; the secondary common mode protection unit is used for discharging residual voltage and clamping the voltage to a preset level.
Further: the primary differential mode protection unit is formed by connecting a gas discharge tube between a power supply and a signal line or connecting the gas discharge tube with a piezoresistor in series, and if the working voltage of the circuit is greater than the arc voltage of the gas discharge tube, the piezoresistor is connected in series;
the EMI filtering and decoupling unit adopts a combination of leakage inductance of a differential mode capacitor and a common mode inductor and a resistor or a thermistor to inhibit differential mode interference and realize decoupling at the same time;
the secondary differential mode protection unit is formed by connecting a transient suppression diode or a semiconductor discharge tube in parallel between a power supply or a signal wire.
Further: the primary common mode protection unit is formed by connecting a gas discharge tube between a power supply or a signal wire and connecting a piezoresistor and a high-voltage capacitor in series;
the EMI filtering and decoupling unit is used for suppressing common-mode interference mainly by a common-mode inductor;
the secondary common mode protection unit is formed by respectively connecting a transient suppression diode or a semiconductor discharge tube in parallel between a power line or a signal line and the ground, and then connecting the transient suppression diode or the semiconductor discharge tube to the ground through a high-voltage capacitor of the primary common mode protection unit.
Furthermore, when the interface is a power interface, the power + is connected with one end of a first voltage dependent resistor and one end of a first differential mode capacitor, the first voltage dependent resistor is connected with a first gas discharge tube in series, and the other end of the first gas discharge tube is connected with the power +; a first differential mode capacitor is connected between the power supply + and the power supply-; the power supply + and the power supply-are respectively connected with one side of a first common-mode inductor, and the other side of the first common-mode inductor is respectively connected with a power supply + _1 and a power supply- _1, wherein the power supply + and the power supply + _1 are two ends of one inductance coil, and the power supply- _1 are two ends of the other inductance coil;
a second differential mode capacitor and a first transient voltage suppression diode are connected between the power supply +1 and the power supply _1 in parallel;
the power supply is connected with one end of a second voltage dependent resistor, the other end of the second voltage dependent resistor is connected with a second gas discharge tube in series, the power supply _1 is connected with one end of a second transient voltage suppression diode, the other end of the second transient voltage suppression diode and the other end of the second gas discharge tube are both connected with one end of a first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the ground.
Further, when the interface is a network interface, each signal line is respectively connected with a thermistor in series, the input end of each signal line is respectively connected with one end of a gas discharge tube, the output end of each signal line is respectively connected with one end of a semiconductor discharge tube, the other end of the gas discharge tube and the other end of the semiconductor discharge tube are both connected at one end of a second discharge capacitor, and the other end of the second discharge capacitor is grounded.
Further, when the interface is a USB interface, the thermistor is connected in series on the dc power supply line and the high-speed signal line, the input end of the dc power supply and the input end of the high-speed signal line are connected to one end of the gas discharge tube respectively, the output end of the dc power supply is connected to one end of the transient voltage suppressor diode respectively, the output end of the high-speed signal line is connected to one end of the semiconductor discharge tube respectively, the other end of the gas discharge tube, the other end of the transient voltage suppressor diode and the other end of the semiconductor discharge tube are connected to one end of the third discharge capacitor, and the other end of the third discharge capacitor is grounded.
Further, when the interface is an RS422 interface, the differential lines and the signal ground line are respectively connected in series with a thermistor, 4 differential signal lines R +, R-, T + and T-are respectively connected with one end of a gas discharge tube, the other end of the gas discharge tube is connected to a signal ground line RS-GND, and the signal ground line RS-GND is also connected with a nineteenth gas discharge tube; the 4 differential signal lines R + _1, R- _1, T + _1 and T- _1 are respectively connected with one end of a transient voltage suppression diode, the other end of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected with a signal ground wire RS-GND _1, the signal ground wire RS-GND _1 is also connected with one end of a ninth transient voltage suppression diode, the other end of a nineteenth gas discharge tube GDT19 and the other end of the ninth transient voltage suppression diode are connected with one end of a fourth discharge capacitor, and the other end of the fourth discharge capacitor is grounded.
Further, when the interface is a switching value interface, a second voltage dependent resistor and a twentieth gas discharge tube which are connected in series are connected between an input end A and an input end B of the switching value, the input end A and the input end B are respectively connected to two ends of a coil at one side of the second common-mode inductor, two ends of a coil at the other side of the second common-mode inductor are respectively connected with an output end C and an output end D, and a tenth transient voltage suppression diode is connected in parallel between the output end C and the output end D;
the input end B is also connected with one end of a twenty-first gas discharge tube, the output end D is also connected with one end of an eleventh transient voltage suppression diode, the other end of the twenty-first gas discharge tube and the other end of the eleventh transient voltage suppression diode are both connected to one end of a fifth discharge capacitor, and the other end of the fifth discharge capacitor is grounded.
Further, when the interface is an analog interface, an eighteenth thermistor and a nineteenth thermistor are respectively connected in series on the two analog lines, a twenty-second gas discharge tube is connected between YL and AGND, a twelfth transient voltage suppression diode is connected between YL _1 and AGND _1, one end of a twenty-third gas discharge tube is further connected to AGND, one end of a thirteenth transient voltage suppression diode is further connected to AGND _1, the other end of the thirteenth transient voltage suppression diode and the other end of the twenty-third gas discharge tube are both connected to one end of a sixth discharge capacitor, and the other end of the sixth discharge capacitor is grounded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a device for protecting a computer interface from thunder electromagnetic pulse and electric strength, which can protect the thunder electromagnetic pulse and meet the requirement on the electric strength of a computer. The invention is suitable for various computer interface circuits; the invention realizes that the viability and the safety of the computer under the attack of the lightning electromagnetic pulse meet the requirement of the electric strength at the same time, and improves the electromagnetic safety and the reliability of the computer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lightning electromagnetic pulse protection structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a power supply lightning/electrical protection design of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a network lightning/electrical protection design;
FIG. 4 is a USB lightning/electrical protection design;
FIG. 5 is a RS422 lightning/electrical protection design;
FIG. 6 is a switching value lightning/electrical protection design;
FIG. 7 is an analog lightning/electrical protection design.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
according to the detailed implementation scheme of the content design of the invention, the lightning protection design and the dielectric strength design are carried out aiming at typical signal types of a computer, including a power supply, a network signal, a USB signal, a serial port (RS 422) signal, a switching value, an analog signal and the like. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a power supply lightning/electricity protection design method, and the structural schematic diagram of the power supply lightning/electricity protection design method is shown in figure 1. The lightning protection design is mainly divided into differential mode protection and common mode protection, and the differential mode protection design mainly comprises components such as a piezoresistor, a gas discharge tube, a resistor, a transient suppression diode and the like; the common mode protection design mainly comprises components such as a piezoresistor, a gas discharge tube, a transient suppression diode and a capacitor.
(1) Differential mode protection
The protection method mainly comprises three-stage protection, wherein the first-stage protection mainly comprises a protection design consisting of a gas discharge tube and a piezoresistor; the second stage mainly comprises an EMI filter circuit and a decoupling circuit, wherein the EMI filter circuit consists of a differential mode capacitor, a common mode inductor and a thermistor; the third stage protection is composed of a transient suppression diode and a semiconductor discharge tube.
The primary differential mode protection is to connect a gas discharge tube between power supply or signal lines and to connect a piezoresistor in series. The gas discharge tube has the advantage of large flow, but the gas discharge tube is only suitable for a circuit with circuit voltage smaller than the arc voltage (about 10V) of the device, and if the circuit working voltage is larger than the arc voltage of the gas discharge tube, the circuit is still in a short-circuit state after the lightning electromagnetic pulse is discharged, and cannot be recovered. The piezoresistor is a clamping type device, the clamping voltage of the device is far higher than the working voltage of the circuit, and the piezoresistor and the clamping device can complement each other when being used in series, so that the advantages are more obvious. The second level is designed for EMI filtering and decoupling, differential mode interference is suppressed by adopting leakage inductance of a differential mode capacitor and a common mode inductor, and a resistor or a thermistor, and the decoupling effect is realized at the same time, so that the primary protection circuit plays a role. The third-stage differential mode protection is realized by connecting transient suppression diodes or semiconductor discharge tubes in parallel between power supply lines or signal lines.
(2) Common mode protection
The protection method mainly comprises three-stage protection, wherein the first-stage protection mainly comprises a protection design consisting of a gas discharge tube and a piezoresistor and a high-voltage capacitor; the second stage mainly comprises an EMI filter circuit and a decoupling circuit, wherein the EMI filter circuit consists of a differential mode capacitor, a common mode inductor and a thermistor; the third stage protection is formed by a transient suppression diode and a high-voltage capacitor in the first stage.
The primary common mode protection is that a gas discharge tube is connected between a power supply line or a signal line and a voltage dependent resistor and a high-voltage capacitor are connected in series. The gas discharge tube and the piezoresistor discharge the common mode transient interference, and the capacitor discharges the alternating current component. The second stage is EMI filtering and decoupling, and common mode interference is mainly suppressed by a common mode inductor. The third common mode protection is that a transient suppression diode or a semiconductor discharge tube is respectively connected in parallel between a power line or a signal line and the ground, and then the transient suppression diode or the semiconductor discharge tube is connected to the ground through a high-voltage capacitor of the primary protection. The voltage clamp circuit can further protect the front-stage residual voltage and clamp the voltage to a preset level, thereby effectively protecting sensitive elements in the circuit.
As shown in FIG. 2, the differential mode protection of the lightning/dielectric protection design of the power supply comprises four parts of primary differential mode protection, differential mode filtering, decoupling and secondary differential mode protection, and the common mode protection comprises four parts of primary common mode protection, common mode filtering, secondary protection and high frequency discharge.
The primary differential mode protection is composed of a first piezoresistor MOV1 and a first gas discharge tube GDT1, the model of the first piezoresistor MOV1 is MYG20G10K820, one end of the first piezoresistor MOV1 is connected with a power supply +, the other end of the first piezoresistor MOV1 is connected with the first gas discharge tube GDT1, the model of the first gas discharge tube GDT1 is BC091N-H, and after the first piezoresistor MOV1 is connected, the other end of the first gas discharge tube GDT1 is connected with the power supply-. The differential mode filtering mainly comprises a first differential mode capacitor Cx1, a leakage inductance of a first common mode inductance Lcm1 and a second differential mode capacitor Cx2, wherein the model of the first differential mode capacitor Cx1 is CT41G-1210-X7R-100V-105-K (N), one end of the first differential mode capacitor is connected with a power supply + after primary differential mode protection, and the other end of the first differential mode capacitor is connected with the power supply-; the model of the first common-mode inductor Lcm1 is PCFC2312_102, one end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with a power supply +/power supply-, and the other end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with the power supply + _ 1/power supply- _1, because the common-mode inductor is a non-ideal element, a loop 1 and a loop 2 cannot realize a completely symmetrical structure, and generated magnetic flux cannot be completely counteracted to form leakage inductance, so that on one hand, the interference of a differential mode component existing in a circuit is inhibited, on the other hand, the decoupling function is realized, and when instantaneous high pulse interference occurs, the primary protection is started firstly, so that the effect of protecting a secondary protection circuit and a load circuit is achieved; the second differential mode capacitor Cx2 is the same as the first differential mode capacitor Cx1 in type, is connected to the common mode inductor, and forms n-type filtering together with the leakage inductance of the previous differential mode capacitor and common mode inductor, so as to suppress the differential mode component in interference. The secondary differential mode protection is composed of a first transient voltage suppression diode TVS1, the model of the first transient voltage suppression diode TVS1 is SY169CA, one end of the first transient voltage suppression diode is connected with a power supply + _1, and the other end of the first transient voltage suppression diode is connected with the power supply- _1, so that the effective protection on electromagnetic pulse interference in a differential mode loop is achieved.
The primary common mode protection is composed of a second piezoresistor MOV2 and a second gas discharge tube GDT2, the second piezoresistor MOV2 is MYG20G10K820, one end of the second piezoresistor MOV2 is connected with a power supply, and the other end of the second piezoresistor MOV2 is connected with the second gas discharge tube GDT2; the model of the GDT2 of the second gas discharge tube is BX151N, the other end of the second gas discharge tube after being connected with the MOV2 of the second piezoresistor is connected to one end of a capacitor Cy1, and the model of the Cy1 is CT41G-2220-X7R-1KV-0.1uF-K (N); the common-mode filtering is realized by a first common-mode inductor Lcm1 of 1 mH; the secondary common mode protection is realized by a second transient voltage suppression diode TVS2, the model of the second transient voltage suppression diode TVS2 is SY169CA, one end of the second transient voltage suppression diode TVS2 is connected with a power supply- _1, and the other end of the second transient voltage suppression diode TVS2 is connected with a connection point of a second gas discharge tube GDT2 and a first capacitor Cy 1; the high-frequency discharge is realized by the first capacitor Cy1, the other end of the first capacitor Cy1 is connected with the ground, and the high-frequency component interference to the common-mode interference is discharged to the ground.
As shown in fig. 3, the common mode protection and high frequency bleeding circuit designed for network lightning/electrical protection comprises four parts of primary protection, decoupling, secondary protection and high frequency bleeding, each signal on the network signal line is designed for primary protection, the third to tenth gas discharge tubes GDT3 to GDT10 are gas discharge tubes of the same type, the type is BC091N-H, one end of each gas discharge tube is connected to a cable of 8 network signals, and the other end of each gas discharge tube is connected to one end of a second capacitor Cy2 after being connected together, so as to realize primary common mode protection; the first thermistor to the eighth thermistor PPTC1 to PPTC8 are thermistors with the same model, the model is SMD1206R016SF30V, and the thermistors are connected in series to 8 network signal cables to realize decoupling, so that the design requirement that a primary protection circuit is firstly conducted when lightning electromagnetic pulses occur is met; the secondary protection design is composed of a first semiconductor discharge tube TSS1 to an eighth semiconductor discharge tube TSS8, a common TVS has larger junction capacitance, high-speed signal distortion is easy to cause, the first semiconductor discharge tube TSS1 to the eighth semiconductor discharge tube TSS8 are semiconductor discharge tubes of the same type, the type is SY159CA, one end of each semiconductor discharge tube is respectively connected to a cable of 8 network signals behind the thermistor, the other end of each semiconductor discharge tube is connected with the gas discharge tube and is connected to one end of a second discharge capacitor Cy2, and the type of the second discharge capacitor Cy2 is CT41G-2220-X7R-1KV-0.1uF-K (N); the high-frequency discharge is realized by a second discharge capacitor Cy2, and the other end of the second discharge capacitor Cy2 is connected with the ground, so that a channel for discharging the high-frequency component of the common-mode interference to the ground is provided. The differential mode protection of the network signals is mainly realized by the two common mode protection series circuits, so that the lightning/electricity-resistant protection design is realized while the network signal function is met.
As shown in FIG. 4, the USB lightning/anti-electrical protection design is similar to the network signal, but for the USB signals, the DATA + and DATA-signals are high-speed signals, and the 5V power supply is a DC power supply, so that different protection devices are selected for the two types of signals. The primary protection circuit is formed by eleventh to fourteenth gas discharge tubes GDT11 to GDT14 with the same model, the model is BC091N-H, and the ground is connected in parallel through a third discharge capacitor Cy 3; the decoupling circuit consists of ninth to twelfth thermistors PPTC9 to PPTC12 with the same model, the model is SMD1206R016SF30V, and the first thermistor and the second thermistor are connected in series on a power supply line and a signal line; the power supply of the secondary protection circuit is protected by a third transient voltage suppression diode TVS3 and a fourth transient voltage suppression diode TVS4, the model is SY142CA, a high-speed signal is protected by a ninth semiconductor discharge tube TSS9 and a tenth semiconductor discharge tube TSS10 which have smaller junction capacitance, the model is BS0060N-2C, the secondary protection device is connected with the ground in parallel through a third discharge capacitor Cy3, the third discharge capacitor Cy3 is CT41G-2220-X7R-1KV-0.1uF-K (N), the USB communication function is met, and the lightning/anti-electric protection design is realized.
As shown in fig. 5, the above design concept is extended to the lightning/anti-electric protection design of serial port signals, taking RS422 as an example, the signal is composed of two pairs of check signals and one signal ground, the primary protection is mainly divided into two parts, the first part is that gas discharge tubes with the same model numbers as the fifteenth to eighteenth gas discharge tubes GDT15 to GDT18 are connected in parallel between two pairs of differential signal lines and the signal ground, the model number is BC091N-H, the protection between the differential pairs is mainly realized by connecting protection circuits between two paths to the signal ground in series, the second part is that gas discharge tubes with the same model number as the signal ground to the ground are connected by nineteenth gas discharge tube GDT19 through a fourth discharge capacitor Cy4, the nineteenth gas discharge tube GDT19 is 091bc N-H, and the fourth discharge capacitor Cy4 is CT41G-2220-X7R-1KV-0.1uF-K (N). The primary differential mode and common mode protection of the serial port is realized. The decoupling circuit consists of thirteenth to seventeenth thermistors PPTC13 to PPTC17, is SMD1206R016SF30V in model, and is connected in series with the differential line and the signal ground line; the secondary protection is also divided into two parts of protection of a differential signal pair signal ground and protection of a signal ground to the ground, the differential signal pair signal ground is composed of fifth transient voltage suppression diodes TVS 5-TVS 8, the model is SY142CA, the signal ground and the ground are connected through a fourth discharge capacitor Cy4 by TVS9, the model of TVS9 is SY159CA, the serial RS422 communication function is met, and the lightning/anti-electricity protection design is realized.
As shown in fig. 6, the design concept of the protection for the switching value is similar to that of the power supply protection, and the protection is composed of a primary differential mode protection, a primary common mode protection, filtering and decoupling, a secondary differential mode protection, a secondary common mode protection and high-frequency leakage, wherein the primary differential mode protection is realized by connecting a second varistor MOV2 and a twentieth gas discharge tube GDT20 in series and then connecting the varistor and the GDT between a and B, the model of the second varistor MOV2 is MYG20G10K820, and the model of the GDT20 is BC091N-H; the primary common mode protection is realized by connecting a twenty-first gas discharge tube GDT21 to the ground through a fifth discharge capacitor Cy5, wherein the model of the twenty-first gas discharge tube GDT21 is BC091N-H, and the model of the fifth discharge capacitor Cy5 is CT41G-2220-X7R-1KV-0.1uF-K (N); differential mode filtering and decoupling are realized by the leakage inductance of the second common mode inductor Lcm2, the model of the second common mode inductor Lcm2 is BPCFC1211S _102, and common mode filtering is realized by the common mode inductance; the secondary differential mode protection is realized by a first transient voltage suppression diode TVS10, and the model number of the first transient voltage suppression diode TVS10 is SY169CA; the secondary common mode protection is realized by connecting a first transient voltage suppression diode TVS11 to the ground through a fifth discharge capacitor Cy5, and the model of the first transient voltage suppression diode TVS11 is SY169CA; the high-frequency discharge is mainly realized by the alternating current/resistance direct current of the fifth discharge capacitor Cy5, so that the switching value work is met, and the lightning/electricity-resistant protection design is realized.
As shown in fig. 7, the analog primary differential mode guard is connected in parallel between YL and AGND by the twenty-second gas discharge tube GDT22, the primary common mode guard is connected in parallel between AGND and the ground by the twenty-third gas discharge tube GDT23 through the sixth discharge capacitor Cy6, and the model of the twenty-second gas discharge tube GDT22 and the twenty-third gas discharge tube GDT23 is BC091N-H; the eighteenth thermistor PPTC18 and the nineteenth thermistor PPTC19 are connected in series on an YL line and an AGND line in the decoupling mode, and the models of the eighteenth thermistor PPTC18 and the nineteenth thermistor PPTC19 are SMD1206R016SF30V; the secondary differential mode protection is formed by connecting a twelfth transient voltage suppression diode TVS12 between YL _1 and AGND _1 in parallel, the secondary common mode protection is formed by connecting a thirteenth transient voltage suppression diode TVS13 to the ground through a sixth discharge capacitor Cy6, high-frequency discharge is mainly realized through the sixth discharge capacitor Cy6, the model of the twelfth transient voltage suppression diode TVS12 is SY142CA, the model of the thirteenth transient voltage suppression diode TVS13 is SY159CA, and the model of the sixth discharge capacitor Cy6 is CT41G-2220-X7R-1KV-0.1uF-K (N). The lightning/electricity protection design is realized while analog quantity communication is met.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A computer interface thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resisting protection device is characterized by comprising a differential mode protection module and a common mode protection module;
the differential mode protection module is composed of a primary differential mode protection unit, an EMI filtering and decoupling unit and a secondary differential mode protection unit, wherein the primary differential mode protection unit is used for discharging received lightning electromagnetic pulse interference; the EMI filtering and decoupling unit is used for inhibiting differential mode interference and realizing decoupling; the secondary differential mode protection unit is used for discharging residual voltage;
the common-mode protection module comprises a primary common-mode protection unit, an EMI filtering and decoupling unit and a secondary common-mode protection unit, wherein the primary common-mode protection unit is used for discharging common-mode transient interference and discharging alternating-current components; the EMI filtering and decoupling unit is used for inhibiting the common-mode inductor; the secondary common mode protection unit is used for discharging residual voltage and clamping the voltage to a preset level.
2. The computer interface lightning electromagnetic pulse and electrical strength protection device of claim 1, wherein:
the primary differential mode protection unit is formed by connecting a gas discharge tube between a power supply and a signal line or connecting the gas discharge tube with a piezoresistor in series, and if the working voltage of the circuit is greater than the arc voltage of the gas discharge tube, the piezoresistor is connected in series;
the EMI filtering and decoupling unit adopts a combination of leakage inductance of a differential mode capacitor and a common mode inductor and a resistor or a thermistor to inhibit differential mode interference and realize decoupling at the same time;
the secondary differential mode protection unit is formed by connecting a transient suppression diode or a semiconductor discharge tube in parallel between a power supply or a signal wire.
3. The computer interface lightning electromagnetic pulse and electrical strength protection device of claim 1, wherein:
the primary common mode protection unit is formed by connecting a gas discharge tube between a power supply or a signal wire and connecting a piezoresistor and a high-voltage capacitor in series;
the EMI filtering and decoupling unit is used for suppressing common-mode interference mainly by a common-mode inductor;
the secondary common mode protection unit is formed by respectively connecting a transient suppression diode or a semiconductor discharge tube in parallel between a power line or a signal line and the ground, and then connecting the transient suppression diode or the semiconductor discharge tube to the ground through a high-voltage capacitor of the primary common mode protection unit.
4. The device for protecting computer interface against electromagnetic pulses and electric strength according to claim 1, wherein when the interface is a power interface, the power + is connected to one end of a first varistor and a first differential-mode capacitor, the first varistor is connected in series to a first gas discharge tube, and the other end of the first gas discharge tube is connected to the power +; a first differential mode capacitor is connected between the power supply + and the power supply-; the power supply + and the power supply-are respectively connected with one side of a first common-mode inductor, and the other side of the first common-mode inductor is respectively connected with a power supply + _1 and a power supply- _1, wherein the power supply + and the power supply + _1 are two ends of one inductance coil, and the power supply- _1 are two ends of the other inductance coil;
a second differential mode capacitor and a first transient voltage suppression diode are connected between the power supply +1 and the power supply _1 in parallel;
the power supply is connected with one end of a second voltage dependent resistor, the other end of the second voltage dependent resistor is connected with a second gas discharge tube in series, the power supply _1 is connected with one end of a second transient voltage suppression diode, the other end of the second transient voltage suppression diode and the other end of the second gas discharge tube are both connected with one end of a first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the ground.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the interface is a network interface, each signal line is connected in series with a thermistor, the input end of each signal line is connected to one end of a gas discharge tube, the output end of each signal line is connected to one end of a semiconductor discharge tube, the other end of the gas discharge tube and the other end of the semiconductor discharge tube are both connected to one end of a second discharging capacitor, and the other end of the second discharging capacitor is grounded.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the interface is a USB interface, the power line of the dc power supply and the high-speed signal line are connected in series with a thermistor, the input terminal of the dc power supply and the input terminal of the high-speed signal line are connected to one end of a gas discharge tube, the output terminal of the dc power supply is connected to one end of a transient voltage suppressor, the output terminal of the high-speed signal line is connected to one end of a semiconductor discharge tube, the other end of the gas discharge tube, the other end of the transient voltage suppressor and the other end of the semiconductor discharge tube are connected to one end of a third discharge capacitor, and the other end of the third discharge capacitor is grounded.
7. The device for protecting computer interfaces against electromagnetic pulses and electric strength according to claim 1, wherein when the interface is an RS422 interface, the differential lines and the signal ground lines are respectively connected in series with thermistors, the 4 differential signal lines R +, R-, T +, T-are respectively connected with one end of a gas discharge tube, the other end of the gas discharge tube is connected to a signal ground line RS-GND, and the signal ground line RS-GND is also connected with a nineteenth gas discharge tube; one end of a transient voltage suppression diode is respectively connected to the 4 differential signal lines R + _1, R- _1, T + _1 and T- _1, the other end of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to a signal ground line RS-GND _1, one end of a ninth transient voltage suppression diode is also connected to the signal ground line RS-GND _1, the other end of a nineteenth gas discharge tube GDT19 and the other end of the ninth transient voltage suppression diode are connected to one end of a fourth discharge capacitor, and the other end of the fourth discharge capacitor is grounded.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the interface is a switching value interface, a second voltage dependent resistor and a twentieth gas discharge tube are connected in series between an input terminal a and an input terminal B of the switching value, the input terminal a and the input terminal B are respectively connected to two ends of a coil on one side of the second common mode inductor, two ends of a coil on the other side of the second common mode inductor are respectively connected to an output terminal C and an output terminal D, and a tenth transient voltage suppressor diode is connected in parallel between the output terminal C and the output terminal D;
the input end B is also connected with one end of a twenty-first gas discharge tube, the output end D is also connected with one end of an eleventh transient voltage suppression diode, the other end of the twenty-first gas discharge tube and the other end of the eleventh transient voltage suppression diode are both connected to one end of a fifth discharge capacitor, and the other end of the fifth discharge capacitor is grounded.
9. The device according to claim 1, wherein when the interface is an analog interface, an eighteenth thermistor and a nineteenth thermistor are respectively connected in series to two analog lines, a twenty-second gas discharge tube is connected between YL and AGND, a twelfth transient voltage suppressor is connected between YL _1 and AGND _1, an end of a twenty-third gas discharge tube is connected to AGND _1, an end of a thirteenth transient voltage suppressor is connected to AGND _1, the other end of the thirteenth transient voltage suppressor and the other end of the twenty-third gas discharge tube are both connected to an end of a sixth discharge capacitor, and the other end of the sixth discharge capacitor is grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310144648.5A CN115986709A (en) | 2023-02-21 | 2023-02-21 | Computer interface thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistance protection device |
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| CN202310144648.5A CN115986709A (en) | 2023-02-21 | 2023-02-21 | Computer interface thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse and electric strength resistance protection device |
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| CN115986709A true CN115986709A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117748437A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-03-22 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Strong electromagnetic pulse protection method and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117748437A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-03-22 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Strong electromagnetic pulse protection method and system |
| CN117748437B (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-05-28 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Strong electromagnetic pulse protection method and system |
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