KR101417680B1 - Incinerator integrated with waste heat boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste heat boiler-integrated incinerator having a compact structure, having high combustion efficiency, and capable of reducing pollutant emissions, wherein the waste heat boiler-integrated incinerator comprises an incinerator and a waste heat boiler. The incinerator includes: a body part surrounded with a fireproof material; an air diffuser installed at the bottom of the body part supplying flowing air and a first combustion air; a deflector part installed in a section between a waste inlet and the air diffuser formed when the wall of the body part internally protrudes at a certain angle; the waste inlet installed on one side of the body part, and receiving waste; and second combustion air injection nozzles installed on the upper side of the waste inlet. The waste heat boiler includes: a membrane panel forming a boiler wall; a steam drum on the upper side of the waste heat boiler; a water drum on the lower side of the waste heat boiler; a tube tank connecting the steam drum and the water drum; and an economizer arranged on the rear end of the waste heat boiler.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an incinerator for waste heat boilers,

The present invention relates to an integrated incinerator for waste heat boilers, and more particularly, to an incinerator for burning waste and a waste heat boiler for producing steam, which are compact in structure, have excellent combustion and waste heat recovery efficiency, The present invention relates to an incinerator for a waste heat boiler.

Generally, a waste heat boiler is a boiler that produces steam by using the waste heat gas generated by burning combustible waste (waste wood, waste paper, and waste vinyl) in the incinerator.

1 shows an example of such a conventional waste heat boiler. Referring to Fig. 1, a conventional waste heat boiler is connected to a waste heat boiler on a grate or image 27 in an incinerator B 'surrounded by refractory bricks 26 And the generated high-temperature combustion gas (950 to 1200 ° C) is introduced through a duct (not shown). That is, in the conventional waste heat boiler, the incinerator B 'and the boiler A' are generally installed separately from each other.

However, in the conventional waste heat boiler in which the boiler and the incinerator are separated from each other, heat loss in the incinerator is large when the high-calorific waste is treated, and in particular, when the refractory brick is corroded due to the high temperature corrosion due to the temperature rise in the incinerator, And shortening the life of the battery. In addition, since the incinerator and the waste heat boiler are installed separately, there is a problem that a large installation area is required.

Accordingly, development of more upgraded type incinerators and waste heat boilers is urgently required compared with the conventional incinerators and waste heat boilers.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0917928 (2009.09.10)

It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator and a waste heat boiler which are integrally formed to have a compact structure and excellent combustion and waste heat recovery efficiency and can reduce the emission of pollutants An incinerator and a waste heat boiler.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an incinerator for a waste heat boiler integrated with an incinerator for combusting waste and a waste heat boiler for absorbing the heat of combustion of the incinerator to produce steam.

In an incinerator with an integrated waste heat boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention, the incinerator includes a body surrounded by a refractory material, a waste input port provided at one side of the body for inputting waste, A deflector part provided in a section between the waste input port and the oxidizer and formed by protruding the wall of the body part at an angle with respect to the inner side, And secondary combustion air supply nozzles installed in a single stage.

The waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in the first inlet (first stage) of the exhaust gas made of refractory material and the first inlet (second stage) of the waste heat boiler composed of the refractory material and the membrane panel , And the first and second nozzles are arranged in directions perpendicular to each other to sufficiently mix the secondary combustion air with the exhaust gas to induce complete combustion.

The waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention is such that the volume of the secondary combustion chamber is formed so that the combustion gas can stay for 2 seconds or more from the secondary combustion air input section of the incinerator to the exit of the combustion furnace, And a water-cooled jacket for recovering waste heat of the circulating fluidized yarn is provided in the lower part of the incinerator.

In the waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat boiler includes a membrane panel constituting the wall, a steam drum at an upper portion, a water drum at a lower portion, a tube bank connecting the steam drum and the water drum, And a disposer for disposing the disposer.

In the waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the membrane panel of the waste heat boiler is formed by a water pipe for flat circular boiler and pins formed by flat bar at a predetermined interval, and the waste heat boiler is installed in the first cavity of the incinerator Passing through the first pass of the first cavity and the tube bank, the second pass at the second cavity between the first cavity and the tube bank, the third pass at the boiler front tube bank, and the fourth pass at the boiler rear tube bank .

The waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to the present invention having the above-described structure is capable of uniformly mixing the fluidized sludge and the waste in the primary combustion chamber and improving the mixing efficiency of the combustion gas and the secondary combustion air, Combustion can be achieved.

Particularly, the incinerator according to the present invention has an effect of reducing NOx emissions by effectively controlling the temperature of the combustion gas in the incinerator due to a part of the wall of the incinerator being a water wall and proper injection of the secondary air, The recovery efficiency is improved.

Also, since the incinerator and the waste heat boiler are integrally formed with the waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to the present invention, the structure is compact, so that the incinerator and the waste heat boiler can be installed in a narrow installation area.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an example of a conventional waste heat boiler.
2 is a front cross-sectional view of a two-drum integral type waste heat boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a secondary combustion air nozzle is installed in a conventional incinerator.
4A and 4B are cross-sectional views showing a state where a secondary combustion air nozzle is installed in an incinerator according to the present invention

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known general functions or configurations will be omitted.

The present invention relates to an integrated incinerator for a waste heat boiler which is compact in structure and has excellent combustion efficiency and can reduce the emission of pollutants by integrally forming an incinerator for burning waste and a waste heat boiler for producing steam.

2 is a front sectional view of a waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the waste incinerator boiler integrated incinerator according to the present invention comprises an incinerator 100 and a boiler 200.

The incinerator 100 is basically for burning waste, which includes a body portion provided with a fluidized bed and a space surrounded by the refractory 130 to provide a space where the fluidized bed and waste can be burnt as shown in FIG. 2, A dust generator 190 installed at a lower end of the body and supplying flow air and primary combustion air to the waste input port 160 and the air diffuser 190, A deflector part D provided at an interval between the first and second combustion chambers and capable of adjusting the angle of the wall of the body part to the inside and secondary combustion air charging nozzles 170 installed on the upper side of the waste charging port 160 .

Generally, the conventional incinerator type is made up of a straight cylindrical structure without a deflector section. However, in the incinerator 100 according to the present invention, the deflector portion D protruding at a predetermined angle inward is formed in the section between the waste input port 160 and the air diffuser 190, It is possible to appropriately adjust the discharge speed. Further, in order to solve the problem of the conventional fluidized-bed incinerator in which the waste input port is located on the side wall of the incinerator, the waste input portion is extended to the slide 161 so that the waste can be fed into the center of the incinerator, And the air diffuser 190 is installed in a range of 0 to 40 °, whereby the circulation of the fluidized yarn and the formation of the swirling flow are smoothly performed, so that the fluidized yarn and the waste are efficiently mixed, .

Therefore, the incinerator 100 according to the present invention is characterized in that the three elements of the flowing air, the deflector (D) and the air diffuser 190 form a swirling flow of sand, which is a fluid medium, from the both sides of the incinerator toward the center, It is possible to achieve stable combustion by a uniform load in the incinerator.

In addition, a classifier 180 for separating the fluidized bed and incombustible matter is provided in the lower part of the incinerator 100. The incombustibles in the waste introduced into the incinerator are transferred to the incombustible discharge port of the lower incinerator by the swirling flow of the sand and the incombustible products dropped from the incombustible discharge port to the chute 181 are separated into sand and incombustible matter by the fluidized incandescent and incombustible classifier 180 do. The sands classified here are put back into the incinerator and the incombustible matter is filtered. Accordingly, the incinerator 100 according to the present invention is excellent in dischargeability of incombustible matter and continuous driving property. In addition, the classification apparatus 180 has a water-cooled jacket 182 for collecting waste heat generated when incombustibles and fluids are discharged and reusing the waste heat as boiler feed water, etc., thereby improving waste heat recovery efficiency.

The incinerator 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is constructed such that the secondary combustion air charging nozzles 170 are composed of the first outlet (first stage) of the incinerator composed of the refractory 130, the refractory 130 and the membrane panel 140 The waste heat boiler is installed at the first inlet (second stage) in two stages, which is based on the position of the header (150). As a result, the secondary combustion air in the first stage is primarily controlled to induce complete combustion, and the secondary combustion air in the second stage is secondarily controlled to adjust the CO concentration if necessary.

The primary pass section of the waste heat boiler is formed so that combustion gas can stay for 2 seconds or more from the injection port of the secondary combustion air to the exit of the combustion furnace for securing a sufficient combustion time, and the heat radiation is suppressed by using a refractory material. The refractory 130 may be made of a refractory castable and is supported by an anchor fin or the like and fixed inside the membrane panel 140. Also in places such as the boiler roof between where the two membrane panels 140 meet and form a parallel box, i.e. between the first pass 1 and the second pass 2 pass, It is preferable that the casing box is finished so as to maintain airtightness.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a state where a secondary combustion air nozzle is installed in a conventional incinerator, and FIGS. 4a and 4b are sectional views showing a state where a secondary combustion air nozzle is installed in an incinerator according to the present invention. 3, the upper nozzles and the lower nozzles are arranged in the same direction in the conventional incinerator, but in the incinerator 100 according to the present invention, the first stage nozzles N and the second stage nozzles N are arranged in directions orthogonal to each other. Unlike the conventional one-way air flow, by reaching the dead space where the air does not come into contact with the combustion air, the problem of generating clinker, which was generated in the conventional incinerator, is solved and the complete combustion is enabled.

On the other hand, the waste input port 160 is provided with a slide 161 extending toward the center of the incineration furnace, so that the waste can be uniformly burned from the center of the incineration furnace by injecting the waste into the center of the incineration furnace.

Particularly, the incinerator 100 according to the present invention is designed to place the nozzles N for SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) injection at a temperature range of 900 to 950 ° C in order to remove NOx generated during combustion .

In the waste heat boiler integrated type incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat boiler 200 is a two-drum self-standing vertical recirculation type, and includes an upper steam drum 210, a lower water drum 210, a tube bank 230 connecting the steam drum 210 and the water drum 220 and serving as a support structure and a membrane panel 140 constituting a wall body. And a banderolator 300 is disposed at the rear end.

The membrane panel 140 forms the outer wall of the incinerator and the boiler and specifies the combustion space of the waste, and the tubes for flat circular boiler and the fins made of flat bar are arranged at regular intervals Respectively. The tube bank 230 is provided with a soot blower (not shown) for removing the soft material adhered to the tube bank. The drums 210 and 220 are all-welded structures having dished heads on both sides. A manhole is provided on both sides of the drum 210. The steam drum 210 of the boiler drum is provided with a water distributor and a water separator (not shown) Respectively. The water separator separates the steam from the boiler water and serves to remove scales and the like that may be contained in the steam to maintain the specified steam quality. The water drum 220 is provided with a drain device for discharging a deposited scale and has a structure capable of separating the end portion for cleaning and inspection.

The waste heat boiler 200 includes a first pass at the incinerator upper first cavity 110, a second pass at the second cavity 120 between the first cavity 110 and the tube bank 230, Pass type that passes through the fourth pass in the boiler rear-side tube bank 230, the third pass in the boiler rear-end tube bank 230, and the fourth pass in the boiler rear- The first and second cavities 110 and 120 transfer heat to the surrounding membrane panel 140 and the tube bank 230 primarily by radiation.

Thus, the combustion gases transfer heat to the surroundings by a first pass in the first cavity 110, a second pass in the second cavity 120, and then a sufficiently low temperature combustion gas is passed through the convection section tube bank 230, respectively. As a result, adhesion of fly ash to the tube bank 230 is suppressed as much as possible. The combustion gases are then passed through a third pass at the boiler front tube bank 230 and a fourth pass at the boiler rear tube bank 230 to transfer heat to the tube bank 230 by convection, .

Accordingly, the membrane panel 140 and the tube bank 230 are disposed in the first and second pass spaces and the third and fourth pass spaces, respectively. The membrane panel constitutes the entire boiler wall. The membrane panel and the tube bank And circulates in a state in which saturated steam and saturated water coexist. The tube bank 230 serves to generate steam and to cool the combustion gas at the front end of the vacuum cleaner 300. The tube bank 230 is directly connected to the upper and lower drums 210 and 220, and no specific drain is required.

The membrane panel 140 is supported by a buckstay and the buckstay is designed to withstand thermal deformation. In addition, the convection and radiation sites are equipped with multiple access points for inspection and cleaning. Also, the vertical expansion of the boiler is designed to extend upward.

The cut loom (300) is a part that conveys heat by convection finally before the combustion gas is discharged to the outside, and is composed of the tube bank (310, 320). The boiler feed water flows into the tube bank 310 on the upper side of the absorbent unit 300 and is sent to the upper drum 210 through the lower tube bank 320. In the crusher 300, the flow direction of the combustion gas and the boiler feed water flows in the opposite direction.

In the incinerator integrated with a waste heat boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention, a hopper 400 or 400 'covered with a refractory material is provided at a lower portion of the second cavity 120 and a lower portion of the cutlery 300 . The burned material and flyash collected in the hoppers 400 and 400 'are discharged to the outside by the transfer screw 500.

In the waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to the present invention, the advantage of circulation within the tube system is to significantly reduce the movement of the boiler water occurring across the drum. This makes the separation of the water more smooth and reduces the cross-section of the precipitation tube that escapes from the drum. On the heat receiving surface, a mixture of steam and boiler water floats into the upper collector (not shown), and the steam and water are separated from each other considerably in this state. The steam flows to the steam drum 210 through a collector or riser tube 250 in particular. Water flows from the steam drum 210 through the tube bank 230 to the lower water drum 220 and partly through the precipitation tube (not shown) to the header 150, It flows.

In the incinerator with a waste heat boiler according to the present invention, since the boiler water flows vertically from the upper collector to the lower distribution pipe, it does not interfere with the pressure drop, and even if the steam is generated, it is immediately vanished through the riser pipe connected to the upper collector. In addition, the load variation is small because the pressure part (heat-affected front surface) contains a sufficient amount of water, and the same temperature (saturation temperature) is maintained at all the pressure parts due to effective circulation. Thus, thermal deformation that can cause thermal cracks is prevented. It also has the advantage of being able to respond quickly to load fluctuations by effective circulation of water.

In the waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to the present invention, the purpose of the uprising pipe 250 is to separate the nose so that the steam drum 210 is mainly used as a steam collector.

The riser 250 also significantly enhances the effect of the upper collector in the membrane panel. The sufficiently large cross-sectional area of the riser 250 occupies a significant portion of the steam, thereby facilitating the circulation of the boiler in the tube system. Since the uprising pipe 250 is located above the water lever, a considerable nodal separation occurs outside the steam drum 210.

The upper collector is usually located several levels above, so that the steam can flow into the vapor region of the steam drum 210 without any interference. At the same time, it ensures the circulation in the drum when the boiler is in a low load condition.

Accordingly, the waste heat boiler-integrated incinerator according to the present invention does not need to penetrate the water portion of the steam drum due to the above-mentioned drum and tube system, water level) and excellent steam purity. Also, the overall uniform temperature at the pressure site minimizes the thermal strain and minimizes the thickness of the wall.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention through the fluidized-bed incinerator, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various incinerators can be applied. It will be apparent that many modifications are possible by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

100: Incinerator
110: first cavity
120: second cavity
130: Refractory
140: Membrane panel
150: Distribution header
160: Waste input port
170: Secondary combustion air input
180: Fluidized yarn and nonflammable material classification device
190: aeration device
200: Waste heat boiler
210: steam drum
220: water drum
230: Tube bank
300: Buddhist temple
400, 400 ': hopper
500: Feed screw
D: Deflector section
N: Secondary combustion air injection nozzle

Claims (9)

An incinerator for fluidizing and combusting the fluid and the waste, and a waste heat boiler for absorbing the heat of combustion of the incinerator to produce steam, the incinerator being integrally formed with the incinerator,
An air diffuser provided at the lower end of the body for supplying the flow air and the primary combustion air; and an air diffuser provided in the space between the air inlet and the air diffuser, And a secondary combustion air supply nozzle installed at an upper side of the waste input port and disposed at one side of the body part,
The secondary combustion air supply nozzles are installed in two stages at the first inlet (second stage) of the waste heat boiler made up of the first outlet (one stage) of the incinerator made of refractory material and the refractory material and the membrane panel, and the first stage nozzles and the second stage nozzles Wherein the plurality of incinerators are arranged in directions perpendicular to each other. delete The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the secondary combustion chamber is formed so that the combustion gas can stay for at least 2 seconds from the secondary combustion air input section of the incinerator to the exit of the combustion furnace. The waste incinerator as set forth in claim 1, wherein a slid toward the center of the incinerator is provided in the waste incinerator. The incinerator as set forth in claim 1, wherein the incinerator has a classifier for separating the fluidized matter and incombustible matter from the bottom of the incinerator, and a water-cooled jacket for collecting waste heat is provided in the fluidized incandescent and incombustible classifier. The waste heat boiler integrated incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the diffuser is installed at an angle of 0 to 40 degrees. The waste heat boiler according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat boiler comprises a membrane panel constituting a wall, an upper steam drum, a lower water drum, a tube bank connecting the steam drum and the water drum, Features an integrated incinerator for waste heat boilers. [8] The incinerator of claim 7, wherein the membrane panel comprises a circular water pipe for circular boiler and fins formed by flat bar at predetermined intervals. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the waste heat boiler comprises a first pass at an incinerator upper first cavity, a second pass at a second cavity between the first cavity and the tube bank, a third pass at the boiler front tube bank, Pass type, which passes through the fourth pass in the bank.

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