CN201672523U - Bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler - Google Patents
Bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN201672523U CN201672523U CN2010201890671U CN201020189067U CN201672523U CN 201672523 U CN201672523 U CN 201672523U CN 2010201890671 U CN2010201890671 U CN 2010201890671U CN 201020189067 U CN201020189067 U CN 201020189067U CN 201672523 U CN201672523 U CN 201672523U
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Abstract
A bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler comprises a steel framework, and a sludge incineration hearth, an air preheater, an evaporator, a water supply preheater, a boiler barrel and a primary wind chamber which are arranged on the steel framework. The primary wind chamber is connected with the lower end port of the sludge incineration hearth which is an insulating hearth and comprises a hearth upper part, a hearth middle part and a heart lower part. The hearth upper part, the hearth middle part and the heart lower part comprise a fire-resistant layer and an insulating layer respectively. The top end of the hearth upper part is provided with a hearth fume outlet. The hearth middle part is provided with a second wind inlet. The bottom face of the hearth lower part is provided with an air distribution plate. The air preheater is respectively communicated with the hearth fume outlet, the secondary wind inlet and the primary wind chamber. The evaporator is connected with the air preheater. The water supply preheater is connected with the evaporator, which are respectively connected with the boiler barrel.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of sludge treatment device, particularly a kind of bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler that adopts the bubbling bed combustion process mud to be carried out burning disposal.
Background technology
Along with the raising of quickening of urbanization process and living standards of the people, municipal sewage treatment has become an important content of environmental protection, and sewage treatment plant is built in each city one after another.The annual sludge discharged amount in China municipal sewage plant (dry weight) is approximately 1,300,000 tons at present, and annual growth is greater than 10%.If municipal sewage all obtains handling, then will produce sludge quantity (dry weight) is 8,400,000 tons, accounts for 3.2% of China's total solid discarded object.The mud that sewage treatment plant produces is to have highly polluted refuse, contains materials such as pathogen, excessive salt and nitrogen phosphorus, organic polymer, heavy metal, can not arbitrarily discharge, and must adopt suitable method to be handled.At present methods of burning that adopt are handled more, can reach the purpose of decrement and pollution abatement.
The sludge moisture content of being sent by sewage treatment plant is about in the of 90%, and calorific capacity is very low, greatly about about 1200kj/kg.Mud must drying regime could fire burns, therefore need heat and evaporate moisture in the mud.And therefore the shortage of heat that sludge incineration produces after dry needs additional a part of outside heat to satisfy sludge water content and evaporates needed net quantity of heat with the moisture in the evaporation mud.The natural air dryings that adopt in the prior art more, perhaps utilize the smoke exhaust heat in contiguous power plant, mud is carried out preliminarily dried, and then the heat (saturated vapor that is produced by evaporimeter brings) that utilizes sludge incineration to produce carries out next step drying, reach about 60% up to sludge moisture content, when calorific capacity reaches the 4000kj/kg left and right sides, just mud is sent into burner hearth and burn.
The mud of sending into burner hearth still has higher moisture, and evaporating this part moisture also needs more heat.The patent No. is " ZL200510111467.4 ", name is called the Chinese utility model patent of " sludge drying and burning process and system and device thereof ", disclosed sludge treating system and technology, adopt the bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, the incinerator afterbody is furnished with economizer, air preheater, burn the high-temperature flue gas that is produced and be used for heating conduction oil and cold air respectively, heated conduction oil is delivered to sludge drier dry wet mud by circulating pump, it adopts conduction oil as thermal medium, dewatered sludge is burned the heat that produces be used for heating conduction oil, be used further to the mummification of wet mud, though it is recycling that resource is obtained, but this system need be provided with conduction oil station and waste heat boiler, the structure more complicated, in the sludge incineration process, need simultaneously to guarantee ignition temperature, be unfavorable for the saving of the energy and effectively utilization by standby firing system; Application number is " 200910029426.9 ", name is called the Chinese utility application of " being the municipal sludge CIU of auxiliary fuel based on rubbish landfill gas ", disclosed municipal sludge CIU, the back municipal sludge that will dewater is dried, burn again after the fragmentation, use the bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, blast by the garbage loading embeading gas firing and heat a wind and feed rubbish landfill gas as auxiliary fuel, keep the temperature of fluid bed in the sludge incinerator, this application has been utilized the heat energy in the rubbish landfill gas, reduced the burning disposal cost of municipal sludge, but whether the heat energy in the rubbish landfill gas can keep the burning effect of fluidized-bed temperature and this device in application documents, be not elaborated, and the heating of a wind still needs to be provided with burner, can't utilize mud self to burn the heat that produces fully; Application number is " 200910061674.1 ", name is called the Chinese utility application of " double working substance bicirculating sludge incinerator ", the disclosed double working substance bicirculating sludge incinerator that is used to burn with heat energy recovery, its structure is relatively complicated, and is still abundant inadequately to the sludge incineration afterheat utilization.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of resource that can make and obtains fully recycling, as to satisfy present solution sludge of sewage treatment plant handling problem needs bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, comprise the steel framework and be arranged on sludge incineration burner hearth on the described steel framework, air preheater, evaporimeter, feed water preheater, drum and an air compartment, a described air compartment is connected with the lower port of described sludge incineration burner hearth, wherein, described sludge incineration burner hearth all is used for the adiabatic furnace of described drying sludge for the heat that sludge incineration is produced, described sludge incineration burner hearth comprises the upper furnace that connects as one in turn, burner hearth middle part and lower furnace portion, described upper furnace, the furnace wall of burner hearth middle part and lower furnace portion includes flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer, the top of described upper furnace is provided with the burner hearth exhanst gas outlet, described burner hearth middle part is provided with secondary wind inlet, the bottom surface of described lower furnace portion is provided with air distribution plate, described air preheater enters the mouth with described burner hearth exhanst gas outlet and described secondary wind respectively and a described air compartment is communicated with, described evaporimeter is connected with described air preheater, described feed water preheater is connected with described evaporimeter, and described evaporimeter is connected with described drum respectively with described feed water preheater.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, the furnace wall of described burner hearth middle part and described lower furnace portion is for building furnace wall by laying bricks or stones, and the furnace wall of described upper furnace is the ramming furnace wall.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler also comprises bed material EGR, described bed material EGR comprises cooler, vibratory sieve, elevator and bed material return port, be provided with scum pipe in the described air compartment, described cooler and described vibratory sieve are successively set on described scum pipe below, and described bed material return port is arranged on described burner hearth middle part, and described elevator is communicated with described vibratory sieve and described bed material return port respectively by pipeline.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described bed material EGR also is provided with a material batcher, and described bed material batcher is arranged between described elevator and the described bed material return port, is communicated with described elevator and described bed material return port respectively.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described bed material EGR also comprises a top bed feed bin that material is shunted out that is used for unnecessary, described top bed feed bin is arranged on the exit of described elevator.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described top bed feed bin and described bed material batcher be arranged in parallel.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described top bed feed bin also is communicated with the lower passage of described elevator by pipeline.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described bed material EGR also comprises the lower bed feed bin that is used for replenishing the bed material to described bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, described lower bed feed bin is communicated with the lower passage of described elevator.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described vibratory sieve also is provided with big slag outlet.
Above-mentioned bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, wherein, described upper furnace and described lower furnace portion are conical structure, described burner hearth middle part is columnar structured.
Technique effect of the present utility model is: bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model, adopt the adiabatic heat-insulation burner hearth, guaranteed that effectively the sludge incineration heat is used for subsequent combustion, provide high temperature a wind by air distribution plate to burner hearth simultaneously, so that wind of this high temperature participates in the oven dry of mud and igniting and the needed oxygen of primary combustion is provided, secondary wind is introduced by the burner hearth middle and lower part simultaneously, the fugitive constituent that enters dilute-phase zone is carried out strong disturbance, form effectively, fully, burning completely, reduced incomplete combustion loss, improved boiler efficiency, it is fully recycling that the energy is obtained, and satisfied present solution sludge of sewage treatment plant handling problem needs.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in detail, but not as to qualification of the present utility model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler structural representation of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 2 is air of the present utility model and flue gas flow figure;
Fig. 3 is a steam and feed flow diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is a bed material EGR structured flowchart of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the burner hearth bottom positive view of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 6 is a burner hearth bottom vertical view shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 a is the air distribution cap refractory brick schematic diagram of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 7 b is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 7 a;
Fig. 8 is the blast cap schematic diagram of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 9 a is the burner hearth conical section arch brick schematic diagram of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 9 b is the left view of Fig. 9 a;
Fig. 9 c is the vertical view of Fig. 9 a.
Reference numeral
10 steel framework 1B2 refractory brick circular holes
1 sludge incineration burner hearth 1C joins scum pipe refractory brick
11 upper furnace 1D wedge shape refractory brick
111 burner hearth exhanst gas outlet 1E wedge shape insulating bricks
12 burner hearths middle part 1F furnace enclosure steel plate
122 secondary wind, 2 air preheaters that enter the mouth
123 mud, 21 cool air inlets that enter the mouth
13 lower furnace portion, 22 hot air outlets
131 start burner connector 3 evaporimeters
132 air distribution plates, 31 carbonated drink fairleads
133 slag-drip openings, 32 downcomers
1A blast cap 4 drums
The outlet of 1A1 blast cap projection 41 saturated vapors
1B air distribution cap refractory brick 5 feed water preheaters
1B1 refractory brick groove 51 feed-water intakes
52 connecting pipes, 73 elevators
74 material of 53 tail flue gas outlet return port
6 air compartment 75 lower bed feed bins
76 material batchers of 61 scum pipes
62 wind, the 77 top bed feed bins that enter the mouth
Air compartment top board of 6A 8 starting ignition devices
Wind of an air compartment insulation material of 6B W
An air compartment shell of 6C steel plate V secondary wind
7 material EGR L hot-airs
71 cooler L1 cold airs
72 vibratory sieve Z flue gases
721 big slag outlet Z1 tail flue gas
722 big slag warehouse U mud
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structural principle of the present utility model and operation principle are done concrete description:
The utility model is low for solving sludge water content content high heating value, poor combustion stability, the low dioxin that influences of combustion temperature in hearth decomposes, and contains the strong problems such as sour gas of corrosivity in the flue gas, is adopting the design that is different from the normal flow fluidized bed boiler on the boiler overall structure and on the incinerating method.
Because when burning behind the drying sludge, form by very tiny particle, in burner hearth, once flow and just can burn fully,, do not adopt the method that repeated combustion is carried out in the circulation of cyclone separator formation flying dust that is provided with so the utility model adopts the method for bubbling bed to burn.
The sludge moisture content of being sent by sewage treatment plant is about in the of 90%, and calorific capacity is very low, greatly about about 1200kj/kg.Mud must drying regime could fire burns, therefore need heat and evaporate moisture in the mud.And therefore the shortage of heat that sludge incineration produces after dry needs additional a part of outside heat to satisfy sludge water content and evaporates needed net quantity of heat with the moisture in the evaporation mud.Such as, natural air drying, perhaps utilize the smoke exhaust heat in contiguous power plant, mud is carried out preliminarily dried, and then the heat (saturated vapor that is produced by evaporimeter brings) that utilizes sludge incineration to produce carries out next step drying, reach about 60% up to sludge moisture content, when calorific capacity reaches the 4000kj/kg left and right sides, just mud is sent into burner hearth and burn.
The mud of sending into burner hearth still has higher moisture, and evaporating this part moisture also needs more heat.The utility model can access abundant drying in order to guarantee mud before catching fire, adopt following measure: at first, guarantee that the heat that sludge incineration produces all is used on the drying, therefore, bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model has adopted the adiabatic furnace of not arranging heating surface, and the heat that burning is produced all is used on the drying.This adiabatic furnace has enough height simultaneously, is satisfying under the prerequisite that this adiabatic furnace flue-gas temperature is higher than 850 ℃, and the flow of flue gas time surpasses 2 seconds, makes dioxin can access abundant decomposition, reaches environmental requirement; Secondly, the dry heat that needs only relies on sludge incineration and produces not enough, also need other additional heat, this part additional heat is that hot-air about 600 ℃ is brought into by temperature in the utility model, in order to produce the hot-air about 600 ℃, the utility model takes directly to be provided with in the adiabatic furnace back way of air preheater, the high-temperature flue gas that sludge incineration produces, leave and at first guide to air preheater behind the adiabatic furnace and add hot-air, and then guide to evaporimeter and feed water preheater adds hot water, produce the saturated vapor that drying sludge is used.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler structural representation of the utility model one embodiment.Bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model, comprise steel framework 10 and be arranged on sludge incineration burner hearth 1 on the described steel framework 10, air preheater 2, evaporimeter 3, feed water preheater 5, air compartment 6 and drum 4, a described air compartment 6 is connected with the lower port of described sludge incineration burner hearth 1, described sludge incineration burner hearth 1 is an adiabatic furnace, so that the heat that sludge incineration produces all is used for the drying of described mud, described sludge incineration burner hearth 1 comprises upper furnace 11, burner hearth middle part 12 and lower furnace portion 13, on the top of described upper furnace 11 burner hearth exhanst gas outlet 111 is set, described burner hearth middle part 12 is provided with secondary wind inlet 122, the bottom surface of described lower furnace portion 13 is provided with air distribution plate 132, described burner hearth middle part 12 and described lower furnace portion 13 are for building furnace wall by laying bricks or stones, described upper furnace 11 is the ramming furnace wall, describedly build furnace wall by laying bricks or stones and described ramming furnace wall includes flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer, described air preheater 2 is communicated with the burner hearth exhanst gas outlet 111 and the secondary wind inlet 122 of described sludge incineration burner hearth 1 by pipeline respectively, a described air compartment 6 is provided with wind inlet 62 one time, be used for being communicated with described air preheater 2 by pipeline, described air preheater 2 is used to produce high-temperature hot air L to replenish the needed heat of described drying sludge and igniting and the needed oxygen of primary combustion are provided, described evaporimeter 3 is connected with described air preheater 2, described feed water preheater 5 is connected with described evaporimeter 3, described evaporimeter 3 is connected with described drum 4 respectively with described feed water preheater 5, to produce the saturated vapor that described drying sludge is used.
In the present embodiment, described sludge incineration burner hearth 1 comprises upper furnace 11, burner hearth middle part 12 and lower furnace portion 13, described burner hearth exhanst gas outlet 111 is arranged on the top of described upper furnace 11, the bottom surface of described lower furnace portion 13 is provided with air distribution plate 132, described burner hearth middle part 12 is provided with mud inlet 123, and described lower furnace portion 13 also is provided with and starts burner connector 131.In order to guarantee the effect of sludge incineration better, present embodiment preferably is set to taper shape with described upper furnace 11 and described lower furnace portion 13, and described burner hearth middle part 12 is set to cylindrical shape.Specifically, the body of heater middle part that is about to sludge incineration burner hearth 1 is set to cylindrical shape, above burner hearth exhanst gas outlet position be taper shape, conical end face (small end) is a burner hearth exhanst gas outlet 111, following position also is conical, arranges air distribution plate 132 at conical bottom surface (small end).Furnace enclosure is by the steel plate manufacturing, and inside is equipped with refractory brick and insulating brick from inside to outside, makes burner hearth have adiabatic performance.Be furnished with pressure and temperature point interface up and down all around along burner hearth.
Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, Fig. 5 is the burner hearth bottom positive view of the utility model one embodiment; Fig. 6 is a burner hearth bottom vertical view shown in Figure 5.The shell of sludge incineration burner hearth 1 is made with steel plate 1F, and lower furnace portion 13 is upper coarse and lower fine taper shape, and burner hearth middle part 12 is a cylindrical shape, and upper furnace 11 is the thick down thin taper shape of.The side towards the fire at lower furnace portion 13 and burner hearth middle part 12 is built into (referring to Fig. 9 a～9c), be built into wedge shape insulating brick 1E between wedge shape refractory brick 1D and shell steel plate 1F with wedge shape refractory brick 1D.The top center of upper furnace 11 is a burner hearth exhanst gas outlet 111, and the side towards the fire of upper furnace 11 is installed warming plate (felt) by the refractory concrete ramming between refractory concrete and shell.Refractory concrete and warming plate (felt) are fixed on the shell steel plate 1F with anchor studs.It is big that the section of lower furnace portion 13 becomes from bottom to top gradually, and its rate of change should make every effort to match with the speed of sludge incineration.Just along with mud granule in carried upwards process of flowing by flue gas, exist from initial burning to the process that burns, also be the process that exhaust gas volumn that burning produces increases gradually.The result that the speed that section rate variations and exhaust gas volumn increase matches is that flue gas keeps the mobile speed of rising constant in burner hearth.The bottom surface of lower furnace portion 13 is an air distribution plate 132, supplies with the wind W that mud oven dry, igniting and primary combustion are used by air distribution plate 132.One time wind W is provided by an air compartment 6.The top of an air compartment 6 is the steel plate 6A that is drilled with circular hole, and this steel plate 6A plays the effect of supports cloth aerofoil 132.Air distribution plate 132 is positioned at the bottom of lower furnace portion 13, the fan-shaped air distribution cap of air distribution plate 132 usefulness refractory brick 1B is built into several donuts, each annulus is made up of plurality of sector air distribution cap refractory brick 1B, every fan-shaped air distribution cap refractory brick 1B occupies identical projected area, at every fan-shaped air distribution cap refractory brick 1B center a blast cap 1A is installed.Scum pipe 61 (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5) in center installed than lower slightly all around in the center that is arranged to air distribution plate 132 with refractory brick.The refractory brick circular hole 1B2 (referring to Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b) that the center of each fan-shaped air distribution cap refractory brick 1B is provided with is corresponding with supporting steel plate 6A, be used to install blast cap 1A.Blast cap 1A in the present embodiment is a lower openings, and the hollow cylindrical part that shut on top is made with heat resisting cast steel.Refractory brick and blast cap 1A are supported by an air compartment top board 6A who is arranged in air compartment 6 tops, and this air compartment top board 6A is a steel plate structure.During operation, wind W enters center-aisle by the bottom of an air compartment 6, introduces sludge incineration burner hearths 1 on the top of an air compartment 6 by some equally distributed apertures.Two blast cap projection 1A1 (referring to Fig. 8) are arranged at the cylindrical bottom of blast cap 1A, the refractory brick circular hole 1B2 of corresponding air distribution cap refractory brick 1B has two refractory brick groove 1B1 (referring to Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b), blast cap 1A can rotate after being inserted into the end during assembling, utilize these two blast cap projection 1A1 that blast cap 1A is locked on the air distribution cap refractory brick 1B, this blast cap projection 1A1 and adaptive the getting final product of refractory brick groove 1B1 do not limit its shape and quantity.
The furnace wall structure of sludge incineration burner hearth 1 is as follows in the present embodiment: vertical component and bottom cone sloping portion are for building furnace wall by laying bricks or stones.Building by laying bricks or stones by two and form to trilaminate material, is wedge shape refractory brick 1D by ground floor in the stove, and all the other are one deck or two-layer wedge shape insulating brick 1E (referring to Fig. 9 a～Fig. 9 c).Build furnace wall by laying bricks or stones and leave dilatation joint at height and circumferencial direction.Upper cone sloping portion (furnace roof) is the ramming furnace wall, forms by trilaminate material, and be the refractory concrete of ramming by ground floor in the stove, the second layer is high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation plate or insulation quilt, outermost layer is general warming plate or insulation quilt.Refractory concrete is fixed with anchor studs.Its appearance temperature was not more than 50 ℃ when above-mentioned furnace wall structure guaranteed operation.
Offer boiler be used to the to burn ratio of the air capacity of the usefulness air capacity required, be called excess air coefficient with respect to mud completing combustion.Excess air coefficient is big, helps mud and Air mixing, is beneficial to burning fully.But cross main point and reduce boiler efficiency.So, different best excess air coefficients is arranged at different fuel and combustion system.Bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model, the burner hearth excess air coefficient is preferably about 1.4.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is air of the present utility model and flue gas flow figure.The flue gas Z that is come out by sludge incineration burner hearth 1 at first guides to air preheater 2.Air preheater 2 is typical heat convection device, utilizes the heat of flue gas Z that the cold air L1 that enters air preheater 2 by cool air inlet 21 is heated into high temperature air L, and the air preheater 2 in the present embodiment adopts the stainless steel manufacturing.The heat-transfer surface of air preheater 2 is made up of the tube bank of proper alignment, the form (horizontal) that can adopt cold air L1 to flow in pipe, the form (vertical) that also can adopt flue gas Z to flow in pipe.Owing to contain acidic materials among the flue gas Z, about 400 ℃ to the metal protection maximum, so the tube wall temperature of air preheater 2 fume side in the said temperature scope, be taked anti-corrosion measure.Wherein air preheater 2 adopt that flue gases flow in heat exchanger tube vertical layouts the time, after the abrasionproof pipe was installed in heat exchanger tube inlet end, velocity of flue gas was intended the high speed about employing 15m/s.The preferential spiral grooved tube that adopts is as heat exchanger tube.During air preheater 2 adopts that flue gases flow heat exchanger tube outside horizontal layout, employing is less than the velocity of flue gas of 7m/s.Because the serviceability temperature of air preheater 2 is higher, all makes with stainless steel in the present embodiment.And the position of heat exchanger tube wall temperature about 400 ℃, take reliable anticorrosive measure.
The flue gas Z that comes out from air preheater 2 guides to evaporimeter 3.Evaporimeter 3 is similarly typical heat convection device, is made up of gateway collection case and tube bank.Enter tube bank by the water that downcomer 32 attracts through inlet collection case by drum 4, in tube bank, absorb flue gas Z liberated heat, water is heated to form steam water interface, guide to drum 4 from outlet collection case by carbonated drink fairlead 31 then, in drum 4, carry out carbonated drink separation, isolated saturated vapor is guided to sludge drying apparatus through saturated vapor outlet 41, and isolated water is guided to the inlet collection case of evaporimeter 3 again by downcomer 32.Flue gas exchange heat pipe is made transversal flow, adopts lower velocity of flue gas about 5m/s.Supplied water to evaporimeter 3 from drum 4 by downcomer 32, water is subjected to the heating of flue gas in the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger 3, and a part of water becomes and is saturated vapor, in the outlet of evaporimeter 3 steam water interface is guided to drum 4 by carbonated drink fairlead 31.After steam water interface separated in drum 4, water came back to evaporimeter 3 by downcomer 32 again; The isolated saturated vapor then outlet of the saturated vapor from the drum 4 41 is drawn, and uses as drying sludge.
The flue gas Z that comes out from evaporimeter 3 guides to feed water preheater 5.Feed water preheater 5 is similarly typical heat convection device, is made up of gateway collection case and tube bank.Feed water preheater 5 bottoms inlet collection case is guided in feedwater, after the tube bank heating, is connected to the hydrospace of drum 4 by pipeline by outlet collection case.The tail flue gas Z1 that comes out from feed water preheater 5 finally is expelled to fume treatment auxiliary through tail flue gas outlet 53.Flue gas exchange heat pipe is made transversal flow, adopts lower velocity of flue gas about 4m/s.Feeding water enters inlet collection case, and the flow direction of water in heat exchanger tube is opposite with the flow of flue gas direction, and adverse current upwards flows, and behind the heat of absorption flue gas, temperature raises, and guides to the hydrospace of drum 4 to drum connecting pipe 52 by feed water preheater from outlet collection case.
Drum 4 in the present embodiment adopts columnar structured, is arranged in the top of whole bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler.Drum 4 internal placement have simple water separator.Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a steam and feed flow diagram of the present utility model, is incorporated into the hydrospace of drum 4 by the water of feed water preheater 5 with feed water preheater to drum connecting pipe 52, and saturated vapor is drawn by the saturated vapor outlet 41 at drum 4 tops.Equally, drum 4 links to each other with the gateway collection case of evaporimeter 3 respectively with downcomer 32 by carbonated drink fairlead 31.Various instrument and safety guard also are installed on the drum 4,,, do not give unnecessary details at this because of these are ripe prior art such as water column, Pressure gauge, thermometer, safety door, emptying valve, drain valve or the like.
Position, middle and lower part at sludge incineration burner hearth 1 is equipped with starting ignition device 8.Adopt diesel fuel burner to carry out starting ignition.Light diesel fuel produces high-temperature flue gas through diesel fuel burner burning back, sends into the quartzy casting bed material of heating in the sludge incineration burner hearth 1.After the temperature of bed material reached more than 850 ℃, beginning dropped into mud gradually and reduces the input amount of light diesel fuel gradually.When independent input mud just can be kept more than 850 ℃ furnace temperature, igniter out of service.
Because the steam that bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model produces only is used for the oven dry of mud, not to be used for generating, get final product so only produce saturated vapor, therefore superheater needn't be set.From safety and economic angle, the pressure of saturated vapor is advisable with low pressure.From 0.8Mpa to 1.6Mpa can, the design pressure of the preferred 1.25Mpa of the utility model.
Need pack on air distribution plate 132 particulate matter of some of bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model presents fluidized state under the effect of a wind W, but the flow velocity of flue gas is not enough to again it is taken away, and is only beating in certain zone.This zone is called emulsion zone, and this material is called the bed material.When burning in mud U sends into sludge incineration burner hearth 1, it is the same to play primary image toothpaste, " is clamp-oned " sludge incineration burner hearth 1 with strip.The mud U that enters the sludge incineration burner hearth is broken into bulk.Sludge bulking at first is subjected to the heating of flue gas, and the outer surface water evaporates forms duricrust, and it enters emulsion zone subsequently, is subjected to the impact of bed material, and bulk is impacted into fritter.Simultaneously, a large amount of heats that bed material carries enter sludge bulking inside in impact process, the moisture of sludge bulking inside sharply evaporates, and moisture becomes that volume sharply expands in the process of steam, also sludge bulking is broken into powder, these processes have all been quickened the drying of mud and the process of catching fire.Consider the characteristics of sludge incineration, in the present embodiment, boiler preferably expects as bed with the quartz sand of the big proportion of granule, also can be with the overflow slag of coal-fired fluidized bed boiler, cold slag among other embodiment, and perhaps haydite etc. does not limit this.The particle diameter of quartz sand is between 0.7～1.5mm.Under static state, the loading height of furnace charge is approximately 1.0～1.2m, and the ratio of expansion during operation height and static height is generally 1.5～2.0.
Because have the material of a certain amount of low ash smelting point in the mud, as compositions such as iron, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, chlorine and sulphur, these materials very easily cause grey high-temperature digestion, form bed material agglomerate at emulsion zone, have influence on fluidisation.Therefore, bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model also is provided with bed material EGR 7, and referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a bed material EGR structured flowchart of the present utility model.Described bed material EGR 7 comprises cooler 71, vibratory sieve 72, elevator 73 and bed material return port 74, be provided with scum pipe 61 in the described air compartment 6, described cooler 71 and described vibratory sieve 72 are successively set on the below of described scum pipe 61, described bed material return port 74 is arranged on described burner hearth middle part 12, and described elevator 73 is communicated with described vibratory sieve 72 and described bed material return port 74 respectively by pipeline.Also be provided with big slag outlet 721 on the described vibratory sieve 72, the below of big slag outlet 721 is provided with big slag warehouse 722.Described bed material EGR 7 also can comprise lower bed feed bin 75 and bed material batcher 76.In order to remove big slag and the bed material group in the sludge ash, at the center of air distribution plate 132 slag-drip opening 133 is installed, during operation, big slag and bed material group are discharged to cooler 71 by scum pipe 61 from here.Through subcooler 71 coolings, big slag and bed material group enter into vibratory sieve 72, and big slag and satisfactory bed material are separated.Isolated big slag is discharged into big slag warehouse 722 otherwise processed; Qualified bed material then rises to the height that is equivalent to upper furnace 11 by elevator 73, turns back in the sludge incineration burner hearth 1 through bed material batcher 76.Simultaneously, lower bed feed bin 75 be can be connected with, bed material, for example quartz sand replenished with this lower bed feed bin 75 in the lower passage of elevator 73.Be provided with the top bed feed bin 77 parallel in the outlet of elevator 73 with bed material batcher 76, can be unnecessary bed expect that for example quartz sand is diverted to this top bed feed bin 77.
During work, in funnelform air distribution plate 132 center minimum points slag-drip opening 133 is housed, scum pipe 61 is connected with this slag-drip opening 133.In service, heavy bed material agglomerate confuses some big slags and discharges out of the furnace by scum pipe 61 from slag-drip opening 133 continuously.These mixtures at first reduce temperature by cooler 71 outside stove, enter vibratory sieve 72 then and carry out crushing and screening.The bulk of sifting out is delivered to big slag warehouse 722 as waste material, delivers to a material batcher 76 by beds such as the quartz sand material of sieve by elevator 73, turns back in the stove from bed material batcher 76 again.
The dry heat that needs only relies on sludge incineration and produces not enough, also need other additional heat, the utility model takes directly to be provided with in the adiabatic furnace back way of air preheater 2, the high-temperature flue gas that sludge incineration produces, leave and at first guide to air preheater 2 behind the adiabatic furnace and add hot-air, and then guide to evaporimeter 3 and feed water preheater 5 adds hot water, produce the saturated vapor that drying sludge is used.The high temperature air of described air preheater 2 outputs is 550 ℃～650 ℃, is preferably in the utility model about 600 ℃.
Generally in the fluidized-bed combustion boiler term, being used for the fuel oven dry, igniting provides and carries out the air that primary combustion uses and be called wind one time, and the air that fuel is burnt usefulness is called secondary wind.The total amount of wind and secondary wind is a fixed number.Bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model will make sludge incineration complete, and wind and secondary wind will have a reasonable proportioning.If primary air flow is excessive, fluidizing velocity height then, mud granule elutriation phenomenon in the emulsion zone is comparatively serious, the time of staying in emulsion zone is short, make most of fugitive constituent go to the dilute-phase zone burning, but, do not form strong disturbance at dilute-phase zone because secondary air flow is relatively little, burn poor effect, efficiency of combustion is low.After increasing secondary wind, primary air flow reduces, and fluidizing velocity reduces, and has increased the time of staying of particle in emulsion zone, helps discharging more fugitive constituent.After these fugitive constituents enter dilute-phase zone, can be subjected to the strong disturbance of secondary wind V, obtain the effect of completing combustion, improve efficiency of combustion.But secondary air flow is excessive, causes emulsion zone to be used to the lack of air of drying and lighting a fire, and main combustion share is all shifted onto dilute-phase zone, and over-burden to make dilute-phase zone, also has influence on combustion efficiency, reduced boiler efficiency on the contrary.So wind W and secondary wind V will have a suitable proportioning.In the sludge incineration method of bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler of the present utility model, preferably this primary air flow account for described sludge incineration total blast volume 50%.
The flowing velocity of flue gas is taken as about 1.8m/s in this boiler furnace, and the vertical height of burner hearth is 10m, so the time of staying of flue gas in burner hearth was above 2 seconds.The exit gas temperature of burner hearth is 980 ℃ simultaneously, therefore can fully satisfy the decomposition requirement of dioxin.
4 of drums are connected with evaporimeter 3 with carbonated drink fairlead 31 with downcomer 32 in working medium side on the end face of steel framework 10.The vertical height of drum 4 and evaporimeter 3 has influence on the circulating ratio of working medium side.In general, the water yield that flows through in the downcomer 32 is referred to as the circulating ratio that water circulates with the ratio of the saturated vapor amount of evaporimeter 3 generations.Circulating ratio is big more, and the water yield that flows through evaporimeter 3 is big more, and the saturated vapor amount is more little, and easy more the obtaining of heat exchanger tube cooled off, and is not easy overheated burning out more.And the size of circulating ratio is directly proportional with the vertical height of drum 4 with evaporimeter 3.So, guarantee that evaporimeter has enough circulating ratios, at first will guarantee has enough vertical heights between drum 4 and the evaporimeter 3.Vertical height between the outlet collection case of the drum 4 of this bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler and evaporimeter 3 surpasses 5m, and circulating ratio reaches about 30, so evaporimeter 3 is safe.
Certainly; the utility model also can have other various embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from the utility model spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the utility model, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, comprise the steel framework and be arranged on sludge incineration burner hearth on the described steel framework, air preheater, evaporimeter, feed water preheater, drum and an air compartment, a described air compartment is connected with the lower port of described sludge incineration burner hearth, it is characterized in that, described sludge incineration burner hearth all is used for the adiabatic furnace of described drying sludge for the heat that sludge incineration is produced, described sludge incineration burner hearth comprises the upper furnace that connects as one in turn, burner hearth middle part and lower furnace portion, described upper furnace, the furnace wall of burner hearth middle part and lower furnace portion includes flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer, the top of described upper furnace is provided with the burner hearth exhanst gas outlet, described burner hearth middle part is provided with secondary wind inlet, the bottom surface of described lower furnace portion is provided with air distribution plate, described air preheater enters the mouth with described burner hearth exhanst gas outlet and described secondary wind respectively and a described air compartment is communicated with, described evaporimeter is connected with described air preheater, described feed water preheater is connected with described evaporimeter, and described evaporimeter is connected with described drum respectively with described feed water preheater.
2. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the furnace wall of described burner hearth middle part and described lower furnace portion is for building furnace wall by laying bricks or stones, and the furnace wall of described upper furnace is the ramming furnace wall.
3. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler also comprises bed material EGR, described bed material EGR comprises cooler, vibratory sieve, elevator and bed material return port, be provided with scum pipe in the described air compartment, described cooler and described vibratory sieve are successively set on described scum pipe below, described bed material return port is arranged on described burner hearth middle part, and described elevator is communicated with described vibratory sieve and described bed material return port respectively by pipeline.
4. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described bed material EGR also is provided with a material batcher, and described bed material batcher is arranged between described elevator and the described bed material return port, is communicated with described elevator and described bed material return port respectively.
5. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described bed material EGR also comprises a top bed feed bin that material is shunted out that is used for unnecessary, and described top bed feed bin is arranged on the exit of described elevator.
6. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described top bed feed bin and described bed material batcher be arranged in parallel.
7. as claim 5 or 6 described bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, it is characterized in that described top bed feed bin also is communicated with the lower passage of described elevator by pipeline.
8. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described bed material EGR also comprises the lower bed feed bin that is used for replenishing the bed material to described bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, and described lower bed feed bin is communicated with the lower passage of described elevator.
9. bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described vibratory sieve also is provided with big slag outlet.
10. as claim 1,2,4,5,6,8 or 9 described bubbling bed sludge incinerating boiler, it is characterized in that described upper furnace and described lower furnace portion are conical structure, described burner hearth middle part is columnar structured.
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| CN2010201890671U CN201672523U (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-05-07 | Bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler |
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| CN2010201890671U CN201672523U (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-05-07 | Bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102235677A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-09 | 烟台鑫丰源电站设备有限公司 | Bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler and sludge incineration method |
| CN102313293A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-01-11 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Smoke air preheater of refuse incinerator |
| CN106051744A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | W-shaped flame direct-current burner pulverized coal composite furnace with fluidized bed |
| CN106122951A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of W type flame vortex burner coal dust composite furnace with fluid bed |
| CN106147877A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-11-23 | 杭州燃油锅炉有限公司 | A kind of Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier For Biomass air-distribution device |
-
2010
- 2010-05-07 CN CN2010201890671U patent/CN201672523U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102235677A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-09 | 烟台鑫丰源电站设备有限公司 | Bubbling bed sludge incineration boiler and sludge incineration method |
| CN102313293A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-01-11 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Smoke air preheater of refuse incinerator |
| CN106051744A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | W-shaped flame direct-current burner pulverized coal composite furnace with fluidized bed |
| CN106122951A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of W type flame vortex burner coal dust composite furnace with fluid bed |
| CN106147877A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-11-23 | 杭州燃油锅炉有限公司 | A kind of Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier For Biomass air-distribution device |
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