KR101322562B1 - Hydrostatic mechanical transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A hydro-mechanical transmission is provided to easily secure an installation space using a speed change mode of a simplified structure. CONSTITUTION: A compound planetary gear and a static hydraulic transmission are connected to a driving shaft (10). Power of an engine is divided into and transferred to a first sun gear (21a) and the static hydraulic transmission. The first sun gear is installed on the driving shaft to be entirely rotated. A second sun gear (21b) is installed on the driving shaft to be slid and rotated. First and second pinion gears (22a,22b) are respectively geared with the first and second sun gears. [Reference numerals] (AA) Engine

Description

Hydrostatic Mechanical Transmission {Hydrostatic Mechanical Transmission}

The present invention relates to a hydrostatic mechanical transmission device, and more particularly, to a hydrostatic mechanical transmission device having a simplified transmission structure with a low power loss and easy installation space.

A power divergent transmission is used as a transmission that enables continuously variable speed with a simple structure suitable for a transmission device of a work vehicle such as a tractor or combine.

A power diverter gearbox is a multi-path gearbox that has two or more power transmission paths using a pair of planetary gears and a continuously variable gearbox. It is a transmission that synthesizes power to make the entire transmission stepless.

The hydro-mechanical transmission (HMT) of the power diverter type transmission is to use a hydrostatic transmission (HST) as a variator. It can be divided into two types of compound planetary gears used. In addition, a sub transmission part made of a gear mechanism is provided at the rear of the planetary gear device to have a plurality of speeds.

However, the hydrostatic mechanical transmission requires four sets of wet multi-plate clutches even in the case of a four-speed sub-shift, and usually uses 6 to 8 sets of wet multi-plate clutches, so the power loss caused by the clutch is large and the clutch is mounted. A large space must be secured. In addition, since a pair of clutches to implement forward and backward in addition to the sub transmission device is required, there is also a space securing problem and a power loss problem. As a result, tractors with 100 hp or less have limited space to apply these parts, making it difficult to apply.

Basically, the wet multi-plate clutch needs to be lubricated for cooling, while the hydraulic circuit is required because it is operated hydraulically, and the manufacturing cost is excessive when four sets of wet multi-plate clutch are used to realize the four-speed sub-shift. It takes a lot of space and takes up a lot of space.

In addition, since the clutch for the forward and backward is configured in the form of a combination of the two on both sides to select the forward and reverse, the manufacturing cost is high and space is difficult to secure.

Published Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0065265 (2012.06.20.) Publication No. 10-2012-0014060 (2012.02.15.) Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0026975 (2010.03.10.) Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0091105 (2009.02.12.)

The present invention has been developed to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a hydrostatic mechanical transmission device that is provided with a simplified transmission structure, low power loss, low manufacturing cost, and easy installation space. It is done.

In order to achieve the above object, in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission device according to the present invention, the combined planetary gear and the hydrostatic transmission is connected to the drive shaft, the power of the engine is divided into the first sun gear and the hydrostatic transmission through the drive shaft and transmitted. ; The composite planetary gear is provided such that the first sun gear is integrally rotated on the drive shaft, and the second sun gear is slidably rotated on the drive shaft, and the first pinion gear and the second pinion gear, each of which constitutes a plurality of units, are respectively the first sun gear. And a second outer gear meshed with the second sun gear, the carrier connecting the first pinion gear and the second pinion gear of the plurality of monoliths to each other, and the first ring gear and the second ring gear forming a unitary body. The plurality of second pinion gears are inscribed in engagement with a ring gear; The hydrostatic transmission is connected such that its output shaft drives the second ring gear; The power transmitted to the hydrostatic transmission is transmitted to the second ring gear of the compound planetary gear, and is combined with the power of the first sun gear by the drive shaft and then divided into a second sun gear and a carrier; The second sun gear and the carrier are connected to the 1-2-speed sub-speed unit is installed, the first-stage sub-shift is made by the power of the carrier, the second-stage sub-shift is configured to be made by the power of the second sun gear.

In one embodiment, the hydrostatic transmission is configured to receive power through the gear train from the drive shaft at the rear end of the composite planetary gear.

In addition, the 1-2-speed secondary gear is provided with a 2-shift secondary shaft in parallel with the drive shaft; A first gear stage driven by the carrier slides on the sub-shift 1-2 stage shaft, and a second gear stage driven by the second sun gear slides; Between the first sub gear and the second gear, the first gear is connected to the second gear of the first and second gears, or the second gear is connected to the second gear and the second gear of the second gear. Or a 1-2 stage clutch that is selectively operated in a neutral state without any shift stage.

In this case, the connection between the carrier and the first gear consists of providing a single-stage primary gear in a single body on the carrier shaft extending from the carrier so as to be engaged with the first gear. The second sun gear and the second gear are connected to each other by providing a two-stage primary gear in a single body on a second sun gear shaft extending from the second sun gear so as to be engaged with the second gear.

In one embodiment, the reverse shift portion is provided in association with the carrier and the sub-shift 1-2 stage shaft, the reverse shift portion, the reverse primary gear is provided as a single body to the carrier shaft; A reverse drive shaft disposed in parallel with the sub-speed 1-2 stage shaft; A reverse drive gear which is integrally installed in the input direction of the reverse drive shaft while being engaged with the reverse primary gear of the carrier shaft; A reverse output gear installed to slide in a single body in the output direction of the reverse drive shaft; A reverse clutch installed between the reverse drive gear and the reverse output gear to connect or release the reverse output gear to the reverse drive shaft; And a reverse driven gear installed as a single unit on the sub-shift 1-2 stage shaft so as to be engaged with the reverse output gear at the rear of the sub-shift second gear.

According to the hydrostatic mechanical transmission device according to the present invention, the first shaft gear and the hydrostatic transmission of the hybrid planetary gear is directly driven by a drive shaft, and the output of the hydrostatic transmission is received from the second ring gear of the compound planetary gear. Then, by outputting to the second sun gear and the carrier, it is possible to configure the 1-2-speed secondary transmission via the second sun gear and the carrier. Therefore, even if the sub transmission part that is a gear type gearbox is simply configured with only two gear stages, the 1-2 speed sub gear part which is a gear type gearbox receives a stepless speed output of the hydrostatic transmission and is continuously shifted for each gear stage. In addition, the shifting output required by a work vehicle such as a tractor can be sufficiently realized.

In addition, by combining the reverse transmission unit with the 1-2-speed secondary transmission, the 1-2-stage secondary transmission and the reverse transmission can be packaged together in the same narrow space, thereby minimizing the space and modularizing the continuously variable transmission.

In addition, since only one reverse clutch is required as a clutch for implementing forward and backward, manufacturing cost is reduced and it is advantageous to secure an installation space.

1 is a block diagram of a hydrostatic mechanical transmission apparatus according to the present invention.
2 is a view showing the power flow in the case of performing the 1-L speed shift in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention.
3 is a view showing the power flow in the case of performing the 1-H speed shift in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention.
4 is a view showing the power flow in the case of performing the reverse shift in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a hydrostatic mechanical transmission apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention, the composite planetary gear 20 is installed on the drive shaft 10 receives power from the engine and the gear train 30 is installed to rotate integrally.

The composite planetary gear 20 is installed such that the first sun gear 21a is integrally rotated on the drive shaft 10 and the second sun gear 21b is slidably rotated, and the first pinion gear 22a constitutes a plurality of units. ) And the second pinion gear 22b are externally engaged with the first sun gear 21a and the second sun gear 21b, respectively, and the plurality of unitary first pinion gear 22a and the second pinion gear 22b are engaged. Carriers 23 connected to each other are provided, and a first ring gear 24a and a second ring gear 24b constituting a unit are provided, and the plurality of second pinion gears 22b are provided on the first ring gear 24a. ) Are inscribed.

The gear train 30 is drawn out on one side of the drive shaft 10, the input shaft 41 of the hydrostatic transmission 40 is connected to the output gear 33 of the gear train 30, and the An output gear 43 integrally installed on the output shaft 42 is connected to drive the second ring gear 24b.

In one embodiment, the gear train 30, the first gear 31 which is provided as a single body on the drive shaft 10, the second gear 32 and the first gear 31 engaged with the first gear 31 and idling. It consists of a third gear 33 meshed with two gears 32 and integrally coupled to the input shaft 41 of the hydrostatic transmission 40.

Therefore, the power of the engine is divided into the first sun gear 21a and the hydrostatic transmission 40 through the drive shaft 10, and the power transmitted to the hydrostatic transmission 40 is controlled by the composite planetary gear 20. It is transmitted to two ring gears 24b and synthesized with the power of the first sun gear 21a, and then divided into the second sun gear 21b and the carrier 23 to be output.

In the present embodiment, the hydrostatic transmission 40 is arranged in the form of connecting the drive shaft 10 and the second ring gear 24b at the rear end of the composite planetary gear 20, but of the composite planetary gear 20 It may be disposed at the front end to connect the drive shaft 10 and the second ring gear 24b.

That is, the gear train 30 for driving the hydrostatic transmission 40 is first installed on the drive shaft 10, and the first of the composite planetary gear 20 is provided on the rear end side of the first gear 31 of the gear train 30. After the first sun gear 21a is installed, the output gear 43 of the hydrostatic transmission 40 can be configured to be connected to the second ring gear 24b.

Then, between the second planetary gear 20 and the gear train 30 from the second sun gear 21b and the carrier 23 which output the combined power by the compound planetary gear 20 and the hydrostatic transmission 40. The 1-2-speed secondary transmission unit 50 driven by the power is installed.

As such, the first sun gear 21a of the composite planetary gear 20 and the hydrostatic transmission 40 are directly driven by the drive shaft 10, and the output of the hydrostatic transmission 40 is connected to the composite planetary gear 2. After receiving and synthesizing by the second ring gear (24b) of the second sun gear (21b) and the carrier 23 by outputting, through the second sun gear (21b) and the carrier 23 one-stage secondary transmission ( 50) enable the configuration. Therefore, even if the sub transmission part 50, which is a gear type transmission, is simply configured with only two shift stages, the one-stage sub transmission part 50, which is a gear type transmission, is a stepless output of the hydrostatic transmission 40. Since the gearbox is shifted steplessly for each shift stage, it is possible to implement a shift output required in a work vehicle such as a tractor.

In one embodiment, the 1-2-speed secondary gear 50 is provided with a sub-speed 1-2 gear shaft 50a in parallel with the drive shaft 10, the sub-speed 1-2 gear shaft 50a. The first stage gear 51 driven by the carrier 23 and the second stage gear 52 connected to the second sun gear 21b are slidably rotated, and the first stage gear 51 and the second stage gear 52 are slidably rotated. Between the gears 52, a 1-2 clutch 53 is provided.

The 1-2-speed clutch 53 is composed of a wet multi-plate clutch using hydraulic pressure, and connects the first gear 51 to the sub-speed 1-2-speed shaft 50a, or the sub-speed 1-2-speed shaft 50a. ) Is selectively operated in a neutral state in which the second gear 52 is connected to () or no gear is connected.

The first stage primary gear 23b for engaging and driving with the first stage gear 51 is provided on the shaft 23a of the carrier 23 as a single body, and the shaft 21c of the second sun gear 21b has been described above. A two-stage primary gear 23b for driving in engagement with the second-stage gear 51 is provided.

In addition, a reverse speed change section 60 is provided between the shaft 23a of the carrier 23 and the sub-speed 1-2 stage shaft 50a.

The reverse shift unit 60 has a reverse drive shaft 61 arranged side by side with the sub-shift 1-2-speed shaft 50a, and is connected to the carrier shaft 23a in an input direction of the reverse drive shaft 61 to power Receiving reverse drive gear 62 is installed as a single body, the reverse output gear 63 for driving the sub-speed 1-2 stage shaft 50a in the output direction is installed to slide, reverse drive gear 62 And a reverse clutch 64 for connecting or releasing the reverse output gear 63 to the reverse drive shaft 61 between the reverse output gear 63 and the reverse output gear 63.

In one embodiment, for driving the reverse shift 60 by the carrier shaft 23a, the carrier shaft 23a engages with the reverse drive gear 62 of the reverse shift 60 to drive the reverse primary. A reverse driven gear 65 which is provided as a single unit gear and is engaged with the reverse output gear 63 to be driven to the sub-shift 1-2 gear shaft 50a at the rear of the sub-shift second gear 52. Is installed in one piece.

As such, by combining the reverse shift unit 60 with the 1-2-speed secondary transmission 50, the 1-2-speed secondary transmission 50 and the reverse transmission 60 are packaged together in the same (adjacent) narrow space. This minimizes space and enables modularization of continuously variable transmissions.

In addition, since only one clutch for reverse is needed as a clutch for implementing forward and backward, manufacturing cost is reduced and it is advantageous to secure an installation space.

A predetermined L (low speed) -H (high speed) end sub transmission part for switching the output of the 1-2 speed sub transmission part 50 back to two stages is provided at the output end of the sub transmission 1-2 step shaft 50a. 70 may be further installed.

The final output portion of the L-H stage sub transmission portion 70 includes a final output shaft 80, and the final output shaft 80 is transmitted to the driving wheel through a longitudinal reduction gear such as a differential device.

On the other hand, in connection with the L-H transmission unit 70 may be connected to the drive gear 90 for four-wheel drive (ie, front wheel drive).

In addition, the end of the drive shaft 10 may be connected to the PTO (Power Take Off) clutch 95 and the PTO shaft 96 for driving a separate operation unit such as a work machine.

Hereinafter, the operation of the hydrostatic mechanical transmission of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

In the hydrostatic mechanical transmission apparatus according to the present invention, the power of the engine is transmitted to the first sun gear 21a and the gear train 30 of the hybrid planetary gear 20 through the drive shaft 10, and the gear train 30. Power transmitted to) is transmitted to the hydrostatic transmission (40).

Therefore, the engine power is synthesized by the first sun gear 21a of the compound planetary gear 20 and the second ring gear 24b connected to the hydrostatic transmission 40, and then the first sun gear 21b and the first sun gear 21b. The carrier 23 is divided and output.

The state in which the driver operates the accelerator pedal or the accelerator lever is reflected in the variable displacement hydraulic pump 40a of the hydrostatic transmission 40 to continuously change the operating speed of the constant displacement hydraulic motor 40b.

The power transmitted to the first sun gear 21a and the carrier 23 of the composite planetary gear 20 is shifted in the 1-2-speed secondary transmission 50, and then the driving wheels through the 1-2-speed secondary shaft 50a. Delivered in the direction.

The power transmission operation including the 1-2-speed secondary transmission 50 is as follows.

(Single shift)

2 is a view showing the power flow in the case of performing the first gear shift in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the first gear shifting, the 1-2 gear clutch 53 operates to connect the first gear 51 to the sub gear 1 to 2 shaft 50a.

Thereby, the power output through the carrier 23 is 1st stage primary gear 23b → 1st stage gear 51 → 1-2 stage clutch 53 → sub-shift 1-2 stage shaft 50a. Is output.

(Two steps of shifting)

3 is a view showing a power flow in the case of performing two-speed shift in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, in two-speed shifting, the 1-2-speed clutch 53 operates to connect the second gear 52 to the sub-speed 1-2 speed shaft 50a.

Thereby, the power output through the 2nd sun gear 21b is 2nd stage primary gear 21d → 2nd stage gear 52 → 1-2 stage clutch 53 → sub-speed 1-2 stage shaft ( 50a).

(Reverse shifting)

4 is a view showing the power flow in the case of performing the reverse shift in the hydrostatic mechanical transmission according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the reverse shift, the 1-2-speed secondary transmission 50 is in a neutral state, and the reverse clutch 64 connects the reverse output gear 63 and the reverse drive shaft 61. To work.

Thereby, the power output through the carrier 23 is the reverse primary gear 23c → reverse drive gear 62 → reverse clutch 64 → reverse drive shaft 61 → reverse output gear 63 → reverse driven. The gear 65 is output to the sub-speed 1-2 stage shaft 50a (reverse rotation).

The foregoing is a description of certain preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but may be modified and altered without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

10: drive shaft
20: compound planetary gear
21a: first sun gear
21b: second sun gear
21c: second sun gear shaft
21d: 2nd stage primary gear
22a: First Pinion Gear
22b: 2nd pinion gear
23: carrier
23a: carrier shaft
23b: 1st stage primary gear
23c: reverse primary gear
24a: first ring gear
24b: second ring gear
30: gear train
31: first gear
32: second gear
33: third gear
40: hydrostatic transmission
40a: hydraulic pump
40b: hydraulic motor
41: input shaft
42: Output shaft
43: output gear
50: 1-2 steps sub transmission part
50a: sub-speed 1-2 stage
51: first gear
52: second gear
53: 1-2 stage clutch
60: reverse shift
61: reverse drive shaft
62: reverse drive gear
63: reverse output gear
64: reverse clutch
65: reverse driven gear
70: LH stage sub transmission part
80: final output shaft
90: 4-wheel drive gear
95: PTO Clutch
96: PTO shaft

Claims (5)

The composite planetary gear 20 and the hydrostatic transmission 40 are connected to the drive shaft 10 so that the engine power is divided into the first sun gear 21a and the hydrostatic transmission 40 through the drive shaft 10,
The composite planetary gear 20 is provided such that the first sun gear 21a is integrally rotated on the drive shaft 10, and the second sun gear 21b is slidably rotated on the drive shaft 10. The first pinion gear 22a and the second pinion gear 22b which make up are externally meshed with the 1st sun gear 21a and the 2nd sun gear 21b, respectively, and the 1st pinion gear 22a of the some single body, and the 1st A carrier 23 for connecting the two pinion gears 22b to each other is provided, and a first ring gear 24a and a second ring gear 24b constituting a unit are provided to the first ring gear 24a. Of the second pinion gear 22b is configured to mesh inwardly,
The hydrostatic transmission 40 is connected such that its output shaft 42 drives the second ring gear 24b,
The power transmitted to the hydrostatic transmission 40 is transmitted to the second ring gear 24b of the composite planetary gear 20 while being combined with the power of the first sun gear 21a by the drive shaft 10 and then the second power. The sun gear 21b and the carrier 23 are divided and output.
The second sun gear 21b and the carrier 23 are installed by connecting the 1-2-speed secondary transmission unit 50, the first-stage secondary transmission is made by the power of the carrier 23, the second-stage secondary transmission A hydrostatic mechanical transmission, characterized in that made by the power of the second sun gear (21b). The method of claim 1,
The hydrostatic transmission (40) is a hydrostatic mechanical transmission characterized in that the power transmission from the drive shaft (10) through the gear train (30) at the rear end of the composite planetary gear (20). The method of claim 1,
The 1-2-speed secondary transmission 50,
Side by side with the drive shaft 10, the sub-speed 1-2 stage shaft (50a) is installed,
The first stage gear 51 driven by the carrier 23 is slidably rotated on the sub-shift 1-2 stage shaft 50a and the second stage driven by the second sun gear 21b. Gear 52 is installed to slide,
Between the sub gear first gear 51 and the second gear 52, the first gear gear 51 is connected to the sub gear 1-2 gear shaft 50a, or the sub gear 1-. Hydrostatic pressure characterized in that the second stage gear (52) is connected to the second stage (50a), or the first and second stage clutch (53) selectively operating in a neutral state without any shift stage is installed. Mechanical transmission. The method of claim 3,
Connection of the carrier 23 and the first gear 51 is provided with a single-stage primary gear 23b as a unitary body on the carrier shaft 23a extending from the carrier 23. To engage with (51),
The connection between the second sun gear 21b and the second gear 51 is provided with a single-stage primary gear 23b as a single body on the second sun gear shaft 21c extending from the second sun gear 21b. Hydrostatic mechanical transmission device characterized in that it is configured to engage with the second gear (51). The method according to claim 3 or 4,
A reverse shift unit 60 is installed in association with the carrier 23 and the sub-shift 1-2-speed shaft 50a,
The reverse shift unit 60,
A reverse primary gear 23c installed in a single body on the carrier shaft 23a,
A reverse drive shaft 61 disposed in parallel with the sub-shift 1-2 steps shaft 50a,
A reverse drive gear 62 which is integrally installed in the input direction of the reverse drive shaft 61 while being engaged with the reverse primary gear 23c of the carrier shaft 23a;
A reverse output gear 63 installed to slide in a single body in the output direction of the reverse drive shaft 61;
A reverse clutch 64 installed between the reverse drive gear 62 and the reverse output gear 63 to connect or release the reverse output gear 63 to the reverse drive shaft 61;
And a backward driven gear 65 which is installed as a single body on the sub-shift 1-2 stage shaft 50a so as to be engaged with the reverse output gear 63 at the rear of the sub-shift second stage gear 52. Hydrostatic mechanical transmission.

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