KR101209022B1 - Heat recovery system with improved heat recovery rate and combined heat and power generation system using this - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat recovery system having an improved heat recovery rate according to the present invention includes a combustion cylinder that receives combustion air from the outside and combusts the fuel contained therein, a fuel supply unit for supplying fuel to the combustion cylinder, and is mounted on an upper portion of the combustion cylinder. A high temperature combustion gas generated by burning a fuel supplied from the fuel supply unit into the combustion cylinder by having a combustion gas discharge portion having a lower portion communicating with an upper portion of the combustion cylinder to discharge combustion gas generated by burning fuel in the combustion cylinder. A plurality of combustion apparatuses for discharging the combustion gas through a combustion gas discharge unit, a gas collection chamber connected to the plurality of combustion apparatuses to collect high-temperature combustion gas generated from the plurality of combustion apparatuses, and a high temperature collected in the gas collection chamber. For recovering heat by heat exchange from the supplied flue gas supplied with It characterized by comprising.

Description

Heat recovery system with improved heat recovery rate and cogeneration system using same {HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED HEAT RECOVERY RATE AND COMBINED HEAT AND POWER GENERATION SYSTEM USING THIS}

The present invention relates to a heat recovery system having an improved heat recovery rate, and more particularly, to a heat recovery system for recovering heat from a combustion gas generated by burning solid fuel in a combustion chamber and using the same as energy, and a cogeneration system using the same. .

In general, in industrial facilities that require industrial hot water, steam, or hot gas, a combustion device is used to generate thermal energy by igniting and burning fuel in a combustion cylinder to obtain thermal energy. As such, solid fuels such as RDF fueled with domestic waste or RPF fueled with waste plastics are widely used in terms of economic efficiency and resource recycling.

By the way, the conventional combustion device is a way to put a large amount of solid fuel, etc. in the lower part of the combustion cylinder and combusts, but the fuel is incompletely burned, resulting in waste of materials as well as low thermal efficiency, many ashes at once (re) This is cumbersome because it is impossible to automate the remaining ash processing, and once combustion is completed, continuous combustion is difficult and the calorific value is not uniform, such as ignition after a certain amount of fuel is input again.

In addition, the solid fuel has a problem in that a large amount of gas or particles that pollute the environment, such as dust, carbon monoxide, soot, gaseous HCL, SOx, NOx, dioxin during combustion.

In order to solve this problem, the combustion apparatus 1000 of FIG. 1 has been developed. The heat recovery combustion apparatus 1000 according to the related art burns solid fuel supplied from the fuel hopper 3 in the combustion cylinder 1 to generate hot combustion gas. The air cooling chamber 150, the passage 140a of the middle wall 140, the swirl flow supply chamber 130, and the passage 120a of the inner wall 120 are supplied to the combustion chamber 110.

Conventional heat recovery system using the combustion device is connected to the boiler (not shown) in the combustion device 100 to burn the high-temperature combustion gas generated by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber 110 through the elbow-shaped combustion gas discharge pipe (4). By supplying the boiler to recover the heat from the combustion gas to produce industrial steam or hot water.

However, in a conventional heat recovery system in which one boiler is provided in one combustion device to recover heat, it is difficult to obtain a large amount of combustion gas, and in order to obtain a large amount of combustion gas, a combustion cylinder of the combustion device must be large, but structural stability Due to this, there is a limit in increasing the size of the combustion cylinder, and thus there is a problem in that it is difficult to obtain high pressure steam.

In addition, the combustion gas discharge pipe 4 of the combustion apparatus 1000 used in the conventional heat recovery system is composed of a refractory wall, which is not used for a long time due to cracks and the like due to continuous contact with high temperature combustion gas. There is a problem that needs to be replaced, and also ashes (fine ash) or fine particles contained in the combustion gas bind to the fireproof wall and are difficult to remove.

In addition, the combustion air is supplied only to the outside of the solid fuel loaded in the combustion chamber, so that the outer portion of the solid fuel is well burned, but the solid fuel therein has a problem in that combustion efficiency is lowered due to incomplete combustion due to difficulty in contact with the combustion air. . In addition, since the inner wall of the combustion chamber is continuously exposed to high temperature combustion gas, deformation or cracking occurs during long-term use, resulting in a decrease in durability.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery system that can produce a large amount of high pressure steam to be devised to solve the problems of the prior art.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a complete recovery of the solid fuel loaded in the combustion chamber and to reduce the heat loss to improve the heat recovery rate and improved heat recovery system and cogeneration system using the same.

The heat recovery system having an improved heat recovery rate according to the present invention includes a combustion cylinder that receives combustion air from the outside and combusts the fuel contained therein, a fuel supply unit for supplying fuel to the combustion cylinder, and is mounted on an upper portion of the combustion cylinder. A high temperature combustion gas generated by burning a fuel supplied from the fuel supply unit into the combustion cylinder by having a combustion gas discharge portion having a lower portion communicating with an upper portion of the combustion cylinder to discharge combustion gas generated by burning fuel in the combustion cylinder. A plurality of combustion apparatuses for discharging the gas through the combustion gas discharge unit;

A gas collection chamber connected to the plurality of combustion devices to collect the high temperature combustion gas generated in the plurality of combustion devices in one place;

It is characterized in that it comprises a boiler for recovering heat by heat exchange from the combustion gas supplied by the high-temperature combustion gas collected in the gas collection chamber.

In addition, the gas collection chamber is formed with a gas outlet for the combustion gas flowing from the plurality of combustion devices to the boiler on one side, the more combustion gas flowing from the plurality of combustion devices as the incoming combustion gas moves toward the gas outlet. The internal cross-sectional area of the gas collecting chamber is gradually increased toward the gas outlet so that the combustion gas flowing into the gas collecting chamber is smoothly discharged to the gas outlet.

In addition, the plurality of combustion devices are arranged so as to face each other around the gas collection chamber to which the combustion gas is supplied from the plurality of combustion devices characterized in that the combustion gas is introduced to both sides of the gas collection chamber.

In addition, the cogeneration system according to the present invention generates steam by heat exchange from the combustion gas in the boiler of the heat recovery system and is provided with a steam turbine and a generator for generating electricity by supplying a portion of the generated steam to generate steam and electricity Characterized in that can be obtained together.

According to the present invention, a heat recovery system capable of producing a large amount of high pressure steam is provided.

In addition, according to the present invention is to provide a complete combustion of the solid fuel loaded in the combustion chamber and to reduce the heat loss to improve the thermal efficiency and improved heat recovery system and cogeneration system using the same.

1 is a view showing a combustion apparatus according to the prior art,
2 is a view showing a heat recovery system with improved heat recovery rate according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a side view of FIG. 2;
4 is a plan view of the combustion gas discharge portion and the U-shaped flow chamber in FIG.
5 is a view showing a combustion device,
6 is a cross-sectional side view of the combustion device of FIG.
7 is a sectional view of a fuel supply unit of a combustion device;
8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a boiler in a heat recovery system of the present invention,
9 is a plan view of a heat recovery system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
10 is a schematic diagram of a cogeneration system according to the present invention,
11 is a schematic diagram of an air pollution apparatus for purifying combustion gas in a heat recovery system according to the present invention;
12 is a view showing a centrifugal dust collector in FIG.
13 is a view showing a semi-dry reactor in FIG.
14 is a view showing a dry reactor in FIG.
FIG. 15 is a view showing the bag filter in FIG.

Hereinafter, a heat recovery system having an improved heat recovery rate according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a view showing a heat recovery system with improved heat recovery rate according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of a combustion gas discharge part and a U-shaped flow chamber in FIG. 5 is a view showing a combustion device, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of one side of the combustion device of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a fuel supply unit of the combustion device, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the boiler.

The heat recovery system having an improved heat recovery rate according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of combustion apparatuses 100 and a gas collection chamber 60 that collects high-temperature combustion gas generated in the plurality of combustion apparatuses 100. And a boiler 200 for recovering heat from the combustion gas by heat exchange.

The combustion device 100 has a combustion cylinder 10 to combust fuel therein to generate a high temperature combustion gas, and a combustion cylinder 10 having a combustion chamber 11 for burning fuel therein; And a fuel supply unit 40 for supplying fuel into the combustion chamber 11, and a combustion gas discharge unit 30 for discharging the combustion gas generated in the combustion cylinder 10.

The combustion cylinder 10 has a cylindrical shape for accommodating and burning solid fuel therein. The combustion chamber 11 is surrounded by an inner wall 12 in the combustion cylinder 10 to combust fuel. It comprises a cooling chamber 13 for cooling the inner wall 12 and the side combustion air supply chamber 15 formed on the side of the combustion chamber 11 for supplying combustion air from the outside to the combustion chamber 11.

The cooling chamber 13 is for lowering the temperature of the inner wall 12 that is in continuous contact with the hot combustion gas. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cooling chamber 13 is disposed outside the inner wall 12 of the cylinder whose inner diameter is narrowed upward. The coolant outlet 14b and the coolant inlet 14a are formed in a space between the middle wall 14 and the inner wall 12 spaced apart from each other, and the coolant flows out and flows in and out of the middle wall 14. The cooling water inlet 14a is formed in the tangential direction of the cylindrical middle wall 14. And, inside the middle wall 14 of the cooling chamber 13 is provided with a cooling water guide plate (13a) is formed spirally wound as shown in Figure 3, the cooling water introduced through the cooling water inlet 14a, the cooling water guide plate As it rotates along 13a, it rises and flows out through the coolant outlet 14b formed above the middle wall 14. As shown in FIG. The coolant flowing out through the coolant outlet 14b is introduced into the boiler 200 for use in recovering heat through the connection pipe.

The side combustion air supply chamber 15 is formed in a space between the outer wall 16 and the middle wall 14 spaced apart from the middle wall 14 and air for supplying combustion air from the outside to the upper side of the outer wall 16. The supply port 16a is formed and the lower part 12a is open. The air supply port 16a is formed in the tangential direction of the cylindrical outer wall 16 so that the supplied combustion air descends inside the side combustion air supply chamber 15 and then into the combustion chamber 11 through the opened lower portion 12a. Will be supplied.

In addition, an upper combustion air supply chamber 20 for supplying combustion air from the upper side is formed around the upper portion of the combustion chamber 11. The upper combustion air supply chamber 20 is coupled to the upper side of the cooling chamber 13 and the side combustion air supply chamber 15 by the flange 18, and the upper inner wall 22 of the cylinder surrounding the upper inner side of the combustion chamber 11. A swirl flow supply chamber 23 formed at an outer periphery and supplying combustion air to an upper inside of the combustion chamber 11, and combustion air supplied from the outside around the swirl flow supply chamber 23 and supplied from the outside; 23 is a preheating chamber 25 for supplying.

The swirl flow supply chamber 23 is formed in a space between the upper middle wall 24 and the upper inner wall 22 which are formed to be spaced apart from the upper inner wall 22, and the preheating chamber 25 is formed of the upper middle wall 24. It is formed in the space between the upper outer wall 26 and the upper middle wall 24 which are formed spaced apart from the outside. An upper air supply port 26a is formed in a tangential direction of the upper outer wall 26 so that the lower side of the upper outer wall 26 is supplied to the preheating chamber 25 while turning combustion air from the outside. An air passage 24a is formed at the upper end, and the combustion air flowing into the preheating chamber 25 turns upwardly to the upper portion of the preheating chamber 25, and then the swirling flow through the air passage 24a at the top of the upper middle wall 24. Combustion air is supplied from the upper part of the supply chamber 23 to the upper part of the combustion chamber 11 through the combustion air supply passage 22a formed in the lower end of the upper inner wall 22. The combustion air supply by the upper combustion air supply unit is supplied at an angle of about 10 to 60 degrees with respect to the center direction at any point around the circumferential flow supply chamber 23 of the cylinder to ensure a reliable secondary air supply to the combustion gas. Reduces contaminants from incomplete combustion

The upper part of the combustion cylinder 10 is open for discharging the combustion gas of high temperature, and the high temperature discharged | emitted through the combustion gas discharge part 30, the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50, and the gas collection chamber 60 is carried out. Combustion gas is introduced into the boiler 200 to recover heat. The boiler 200 recovers heat from the introduced high temperature combustion gas and obtains high temperature steam. At this time, the cooling water discharged from the cooling water outlet 14b flows into the boiler 200 and uses the heat of the combustion gas. It will be converted to steam.

On the other hand, at the lower edge of the combustion cylinder 10, the redistribution port 19 is formed so that the ash of the burned solid fuel can be discharged.

In addition, the lower portion of the combustion chamber 11 is provided with a rotatable grate 17 rotatably installed. The rotary grate 17 is for burning the solid fuel supplied to the upper surface in the shape of a disc, and is inclined upward again after being inclined downward from the center to form a V-shape. In the center of the rotary grate 17, a fuel supply unit 40 for supplying solid fuel is formed.

As shown in FIG. 7, the fuel supply part 40 has a fuel supply port 44 formed at one lower side thereof, and a fuel supply pipe 41 for supplying solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11 by a vertical transfer screw 42 therein. Is provided, the outer side of the fuel supply pipe 41 has a larger diameter than the fuel supply pipe 41 and is formed concentrically, the combustion air by the air supply means 45, such as a ring blower combustion chamber 11 under the combustion chamber 11 Lower combustion air supply pipe 43 for supplying into) is formed.

An inclined guide portion 41b which is bent downward at an end of the enlarged diameter portion 41a and the enlarged diameter portion 41a, the upper end portion protruding into the combustion chamber 11 from the fuel supply pipe 41 gradually increasing upward. ) Is formed. According to the present invention, the solid fuel is more stably supplied to the rotary grate through the enlarged portion 41a and the inclined guide portion 41b, which protrude into the combustion chamber. In addition, a plurality of air supply nozzles 41c into which the combustion air supplied from the lower combustion air supply pipe 43 flows are formed in the enlarged diameter portion 41a in the circumferential direction.

In addition, the upper end portion protruding into the combustion chamber 11 from the lower combustion air supply pipe 43 is provided with an air supply expansion portion 43a, the diameter of which gradually increases toward the upper side, and is located below the expansion portion 41a of the fuel supply pipe 41. The upper end of the air supply expanding portion 43a is closed by the inclined guide portion 41b of the fuel supply pipe 41. Therefore, the combustion air supplied through the lower combustion air supply pipe 43 is guided by the air supply expanding portion 43a to supply fuel through the air supply nozzle 41c formed in the expanding portion 41a of the fuel supply pipe 41 formed on the upper side. It will be fed to the bottom of.

On the other hand, the lower part of the fuel supply pipe 41 to supply combustion air through the fuel supply pipe 41 in order to prevent backfire from the solid fuel burned in the combustion chamber 11 to the solid fuel existing in the fuel supply pipe 41. The air supply means such as a ring blower may be provided on the side.

With the above configuration, the solid fuel is supplied to the center of the upper surface of the rotary grate 17 by the fuel supply pipe 41, and the solid fuel is supplied through the air supply nozzle 41c formed in the enlarged portion 41a of the fuel supply pipe 41. Combustion air is supplied directly to the bottom of the fuel.

The feed screw 42 installed in the fuel supply pipe 41 to transfer fuel into the combustion chamber is composed of a screw shaft 42d and a screw blade 42e having a spiral shape on the screw shaft 42d. In addition, the upper portion 42a of the screw shaft 42d extends outside the fuel supply pipe 41 to protrude into the combustion chamber 11, and the fuel supply pipe 41 is disposed on the upper portion 42a of the protruding screw shaft 42d. A radial fuel supply member 42b for radially supplying fuel supplied through the fuel into the combustion chamber 11 is formed by a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the screw.

The radial fuel supply member 42b protrudes perpendicularly from the axial direction of the screw shaft 42d and rotates with the screw 42 to radially supply fuel rising through the fuel supply pipe 41 into the combustion chamber 11. In this way, the solid fuel supplied from the fuel supply pipe 41 is radially supplied into the combustion chamber 11 by the radial fuel supply member 42b to prevent the clinker from being caught in the air supply nozzle 41c. Let's do it.

Further, at the end of the upper portion 42a of the screw shaft 42d protruding into the combustion chamber 11, a fuel height adjustment bracket 42c formed perpendicular to the axial direction is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the fuel height adjustment bracket 42c has a conical shape in which the upper portion is conical and the lower portion is blocked perpendicular to the axial direction so that the fuel can be pushed out without being continuously transferred to the upper portion. By appropriately adjusting the height of the fuel loaded on the grate 17 of the combustion chamber 11 and the combustion chamber 11, complete combustion of the fuel is achieved.

On the other hand, the combustion gas discharge portion 30 is mounted on the upper portion of the combustion cylinder 10, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 and made of a hollow shape of the high temperature combustion generated by the combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber 11 The gas is introduced into the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 through the combustion gas discharge unit 30. The lower portion of the combustion gas discharge portion 30 communicates with the upper portion of the combustion cylinder 10, and one side of the combustion gas discharge portion 30 communicates with the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 and forms a body of the combustion gas discharge portion 30. In the side wall 32 and the upper wall 33 constituting the zigzag water pipes 34 are provided to be connected to each other. Water is introduced into the water pipe 34 through the waterline 76 from the water tank 75, and the water circulated in the water pipe 34 is converted into steam due to the heating of the wall 31 by the combustion gas. The steam is collected into the steam drum 70 through the steam line 71 and then supplied to the industrial facility together with the steam produced in the boiler 200. The body of the combustion gas discharge unit 30 is preferably made of steel (steel) material. In this embodiment, the water pipe 34 is embedded in the wall 31 as shown in FIG. 4, but may be provided outside the wall 31.

The combustion gas discharge unit 30 has such a configuration, so that the temperature of the combustion gas discharge unit 30 can be lowered by the water pipe 34 inside the body even if the combustion gas discharge unit 30 is in continuous contact with the hot combustion gas, thereby improving durability. Steam converted as the water is circulated in the water pipe 34 has the advantage of increasing the steam production by supplying the industrial facilities. In addition, the body of the combustion gas discharge portion 30 is formed of a steel material can significantly lower the binding properties of the ash or fine particles in the combustion gas due to the heterogeneity of the material compared to the conventional device made of a conventional refractory wall.

The U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 is installed between the combustion gas discharge unit 30 and the gas collection chamber 60 so that the combustion gas introduced from the combustion gas discharge unit 30 passes through the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50. It is introduced into the gas collection chamber 60, the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 is formed in a hollow shape, the left side is provided with a gas supply port 57 through which the combustion gas flows from the combustion gas discharge unit 30 On the upper side, a gas discharge port 58 through which gas is discharged to the gas collection chamber 60 is formed. In addition, a zigzag-shaped water pipe 54 is installed in the wall 51 constituting the body of the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50, and the water pipe 54 is provided from the water tank 75 through the waterline 76. When water is introduced and the water circulated in the water pipe 54 is converted into steam due to the heating of the wall 51 by the combustion gas, the converted steam is collected into the steam drum 70 through the steam line 71. After that, the steam produced by the boiler 200 is supplied to an industrial facility. In this embodiment, the water pipe 54 is embedded in the wall 51, but may be provided outside the wall 51.

In addition, the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 has a re-collecting unit 56 at the bottom so as to collect the ash contained in the combustion gas passing through the inside and the re-conveying pipe 56a to convey the ash collected therein. It is provided. The retransmission screw 56b is installed inside the retransmission tube 56a. In addition, the U-shaped flow guide plate 59 extending downward from the ceiling in the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 to easily discharge the ash contained in the combustion gas passing through the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 This is further provided.

In addition, the inclined portion 51a formed to be inclined at the lower front of the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 is formed so that ash contained in the combustion gas can be easily collected by the recollecting portion 56. Therefore, the ash produced after the fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber 11 is discharged mostly through the redistribution outlet 19 of the combustion chamber 11, but the small-size ash remaining in the combustion gas is discharged from the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50. It can be discharged through the re-collecting unit 56 can reduce the amount of contaminants, such as ash contained in the combustion gas flowing into the boiler 200.

The gas collection chamber 60 is connected to the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 of the plurality of combustion apparatuses 100 to collect the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the plurality of combustion apparatuses 100 to the boiler 200. In order to supply, a plurality of gas inlets 61 connected to the gas outlet 58 of the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 attached to each combustion device 100 is formed in a row, arranged in a row A plurality of combustion devices 100 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the gas collection chamber 60.

In addition, the gas collection chamber 60 is formed with a gas outlet 62 for supplying the combustion gas collected on one side to the boiler 200, the gas collection chamber 60 toward the boiler 200, the combustion device 100 The inflow of the combustion gas flowing from the increases, the inner cross-sectional area is gradually increased toward the gas outlet 62 so that the introduced combustion gas smoothly flows into the boiler 200 through the gas outlet (62).

The wall 63 constituting the gas collection chamber 60 is provided with a zigzag water pipe 64 similarly to the combustion gas discharge unit 30 and is supplied from the water tank 75 through the waterline 76. As the water is circulated in the water pipe 64, the converted steam is collected again through the steam line 71 to the steam drum 70, and then supplied to the industrial facility together with the steam produced in the boiler 200. The gas collection chamber 60 improves durability by lowering the temperature of the gas collection chamber 60 by the water circulated in the water pipe 64 by this configuration, and the steam in which the water is converted in the water pipe 64 Supplying the facility has the effect of increasing the amount of steam.

Conventionally, in a heat recovery system in which one boiler is provided in one combustion device to recover heat, it is difficult to obtain a large amount of combustion gas, and in order to obtain a large amount of combustion gas, the combustion cylinder of the combustion device must be large, but due to structural stability, There is a limit to increase the size, and accordingly there was a problem that it is difficult to obtain a high-pressure steam, the present invention can solve this problem. In addition, in order to obtain a large amount of high-pressure combustion gas, the combustion gas generated from the plurality of combustion apparatus 100 in the gas collection chamber 60 in the present invention, as compared with the production of steam by providing a boiler in each of the plurality of combustion apparatus, respectively. Since only one boiler is provided by collecting them together and supplying them to the boiler 200, the manufacturing cost is reduced and the high pressure steam can be supplied.

The boiler 200 is a water pipe boiler in which a water pipe 201 is internally installed to recover heat from the combustion gas inside the supplied high temperature combustion gas, and the water drum 204 below is illustrated in FIG. 8. Water supplied from the water is moved upward through the water pipe 201 to recover heat from the hot combustion gas is converted into steam and collected in the steam drum 205. Although a water pipe boiler is used in the present invention, an associated boiler may be used.

9 is a view showing a heat recovery system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. When the heat recovery system according to the second embodiment of the present invention explains the difference from the above-described first embodiment, in the first embodiment, the combustion apparatus 100 is connected to the gas collection chamber 60 in a line, the second embodiment. In the example, four combustion apparatuses 100 are arranged to face each other with respect to the gas collection chamber 60. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, by installing the plurality of combustion apparatus 100 to face each other, the combustion gas is introduced into both sides of the gas collection chamber 60 to make the length of the gas collection chamber 60 smaller than one embodiment. There are advantages to it. Other configurations and effects are the same as in the first embodiment, and the detailed description thereof is omitted here.

In addition, the heat recovery system of the present invention is further provided with an air pollution prevention device for purifying the combustion gas discharged to the outside after recovering heat from the hot combustion gas in the boiler 200.

The air pollution prevention device includes a centrifugal dust collector 300, a semi-dry reactor 400, a dry reactor 500, and a filter dust collector 600 as shown in FIGS. 11 to 15.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an air pollution apparatus for purifying combustion gas in a heat recovery system according to the present invention, FIG. 12 is a view showing a centrifugal dust collector in FIG. 11, FIG. 13 is a view showing a semi-dry reactor in FIG. 11 is a view showing a dry reactor in Figure 11, Figure 15 is a view showing the bag filter in FIG.

The centrifugal dust collector 300 is for primarily removing particulate matter, such as dust, from the combustion gas introduced from the boiler 200. The centrifugal dust collector 300 is divided into upper and lower chambers 307 and 308 by a horizontal wall 303. . The lower chamber 308 is formed with an inlet 301 through which combustion gas flows directly below the horizontal wall 303, and a plurality of centrifuge barrels 302 are connected to each other in a tangential direction of the inner circumferential surface thereof. Installed in the horizontal wall 303, the induction pipe 304 is formed long in the bottom of each centrifuge barrel 302, the combustion gas flows out to one side of the upper chamber 307 above the horizontal wall 303 Outlet 305 is formed. The lower part of the centrifugal dust collector 300 has a shape in which the inside thereof becomes narrower toward the lower end so as to easily collect and discharge the particulate matter, and the discharge valve 306 for discharging contaminants discharged from the centrifuge tube 302 at the lower end thereof. Is provided.

The centrifugal dust collector 300 has the configuration as described above, the combustion gas introduced from the boiler 200 flows down through the inlet 301 and rotates, and particulate matter such as dust contained in the combustion gas is subjected to centrifugal force. By rotating the inner wall of the centrifuge cylinder 302 is collected by the lower portion of the centrifugal dust collector 300 by the load. As such, the combustion gas in which the particulate matter is first removed is moved to the upper chamber 307 through the induction pipe 304 and then to the outlet 305.

The semi-dry reactor 400 is for removing harmful acid gases such as hydrogen chloride (HCL), sulfur oxides (SOx), etc. in the combustion gas, made of a hollow cylindrical shape, the combustion gas flows from the centrifugal dust collector 300 The inlet 401 is formed at the upper end, and the upper side of the outer circumferential surface is provided with a liquid slaked lime supply 402 for supplying the liquid slaked lime into the semi-dry reactor 400. In addition, the injection nozzle 403 connected to the liquid calcined lime supply unit 402 is installed on the upper side of the semi-dry reactor 400, and the combustion gas introduced into the semi-dry reactor 400 is harmful by the liquid calcined lime on the lower side. An outlet 405 for discharging the combustion gas from which the acidic gas has been removed is formed, and a discharge valve 404 for discharging the slaked lime reacted with the combustion gas is provided at the lower end.

In the semi-dry reactor 400, the combustion gas supplied to the inside reacts with the liquid slaked lime to remove the harmful acid gas, and then discharges the combustion gas through the outlet 405. The acid gas is removed and at the same time serves to lower the temperature of the combustion gas.

The dry reactor 500 removes dioxin from the combustion gas and removes water contained in the combustion gas while reacting with the liquid calcined lime in the semi-dry reactor 400. The left portion 502 along the advancing direction of the combustion gas, The central portion 503 and the right portion 506 are sequentially connected to each other. The left portion 502 is formed with an inlet 501 through which combustion gas flows in the left end, and thus the internal cross-sectional area decreases gradually toward the right side along the traveling direction of the combustion gas, and remains constant at the center portion 503, and then again the right portion ( In 506, the cross-sectional area is formed to increase gradually. At the right end of the right part 506, an outlet 507 through which combustion gas flows is formed.

In addition, the central portion 503 is provided with an activated carbon supply unit 504 and a powder quicklime supply unit 505 for supplying activated carbon into the dry reactor 500. The cross-sectional area of the central portion 503 is formed smaller than the surroundings so that the internal pressure of the central portion 503 becomes lower than the surroundings. 503 is sucked into the inside to be more easily supplied.

In the dry reactor 500, dioxin is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon supplied by the activated carbon supply unit 504, and the combustion gas supplied into the inside is filtered. The bag filter 604 is formed by water in the bag filter 600, which will be described later. In order to prevent clogging), moisture is adsorbed to and removed from the powder quicklime supplied from the powder quicklime supply unit 505 to discharge the combustion gas through the outlet 507.

The filter dust collector 600 is for removing contaminants such as dust remaining in the combustion gas before the combustion gas is discharged to the atmosphere. The filter dust collector 600 is formed in a hollow shape, and the upper and lower chambers 603 and 602 are internal spaces. A partition wall 601 partitioned by a horizontal line is formed horizontally, and a plurality of bag filters 604 are provided side by side on a bottom surface of the partition wall 601, and a bag filter 604 is disposed on an upper surface of the partition wall 601. A venturi tube 605 communicating with the upper opening is installed. In addition, an inlet 606 through which combustion gas flows is formed at one side of the lower chamber 602, and an outlet 607 is formed at one side of the upper chamber 603 to discharge the combustion gas.

In addition, a compressed air supply 608 is provided on the outside of the upper chamber 603 to control the supply of compressed air by the solenoid valve 609, and compressed air is connected to the compressed air supply 608 inside the upper chamber 603. The injection pipe 610 is provided, and the compressed air injection pipe 610 is formed with a plurality of injection nozzles 611 facing the venturi pipe 605.

The filter dust collector 600 is a particulate contaminants remaining in the combustion gas introduced from the dry reactor 500 through the inlet 606 by the above configuration is collected in the bag filter 604, and the filtered combustion gas is the outlet 607. After being forced by the manned blower 700 through the discharge through the stack 800 to the atmosphere. In addition, contaminants collected in the bag filter 604 should be removed after a predetermined time, but is controlled by the solenoid valve 609 from the compressed air supply 608 to supply the compressed air to the compressed air injection pipe 610 and then spray it. Contaminants collected in the bag filter 604 are removed by supplying the bag filter 604 under the venturi tube 605 through the nozzle 611, and the removed contaminants are discharged installed at the bottom of the bag filter 600. It is discharged to the outside by the valve 612.

On the other hand, the cogeneration system according to the present invention further comprises a steam turbine 250 and a generator 260 connected thereto in addition to the configuration of the heat recovery system described above. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a cogeneration system according to the present invention.

The steam turbine 250 receives some or all of the high-pressure steam produced by the boiler to turn the turbine blades to obtain mechanical energy, and electricity is generated by the generator 260 from the mechanical energy. The steam turbine 250 and the generator 260 may use a conventional steam turbine and generator, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Referring to the cogeneration system according to the present invention with reference to Figure 10, some of the high-pressure steam produced in the boiler 200 passes through the steam turbine 250 to produce electricity and is converted to low-pressure steam.

Therefore, in the cogeneration system of the present invention, some of the high-pressure steam passes through the steam turbine 250 to generate electricity and is converted into low-pressure steam by this configuration, so that the high pressure and low pressure in the factory or industrial equipment to which the system is applied. It has the advantage of simultaneously supplying electricity with steam.

Hereinafter will be described the operation of the heat recovery system with improved heat recovery rate according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above.

First, the solid fuel supplied from the fuel hopper (not shown) is supplied into the combustion chamber 11 by the transfer screw 42 installed in the fuel supply pipe 41 of each combustion device 100, and in the transfer screw 42 The radial fuel supply member 42b formed in the upper portion 42a of the screw shaft 42d protruding into the combustion chamber 11 rotates together with the screw shaft 42d to constantly supply the rising fuel radially into the combustion chamber 11. do. The fuel supply unit 40 has such a configuration so that light fuel having a small particle is burned while rising by combustion air from the air supply nozzle 41c, and relatively heavy fuel is fueled by the radial fuel supply member 42b. 41) The radially constant supply into the surrounding combustion chamber 11 prevents the clinker from being caught in the air supply nozzle 41c. As a result, in the present invention, the fuel continues to accumulate in the upper part of the conventional fuel supply pipe, and the contact area with the combustion air decreases, and the fuel is incompletely burned. It is possible to solve the problem of interference.

The solid fuel thus supplied into the combustion chamber 11 is preheated and ignited and burned by the preheating burner and the ignition burner (not shown). Then, the solid fuel supplied to the upper side of the rotary grate 17 is combusted and moves to the edge of the rotary grate 17 over time due to the continuous supply of fuel. The changed fuel is burned while staying at the V-shaped bone, the cross section of the grate. As a result, when the cross section of the grate is inclined to one side, the problem that the liquid fuel generated during the combustion flows down to one side is solved. At the edge of the rotary grate 17, the ash produced by burning the fuel is discharged through the redistribution outlet 19 while the rotary grate 17 rotates.

On the other hand, the solid fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber 11 and the cooling water flows in through the cooling water inlet 14a of the cooling chamber 13 formed on the outer periphery of the inner wall 12 and the introduced cooling water flows through the cooling water guide plate 13a, The cooling water flows out through the cooling water outlet 14b after the inner wall 12 is cooled. Then, the cooling water discharged from the cooling chamber 13 is introduced into the boiler 200 through a connecting pipe (not shown) to recover heat from the hot combustion gas by heat exchange. Thus, the present invention is provided with a cooling chamber 13 on the outer circumference of the inner wall 12 to prevent the degradation of durability due to excessive temperature rise of the inner wall 12 of the combustion chamber 11 and at the same time by heat exchange with the inner wall 12 Deformation caused by continuous exposure of the inner wall 12 of the combustion chamber 11 to the hot combustion gas by recovering heat from the hot combustion gas generated by the combustion apparatus after the coolant is preheated and then flowed back into the boiler 200. In addition, the thermal efficiency is improved by preventing unnecessary heat loss while preventing durability degradation due to deterioration or cracking.

And, the combustion air required to burn the solid fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 11 through the side combustion air supply chamber 15, the upper combustion air supply chamber 20 and the lower combustion air supply pipe 43 from the outside, first, the side combustion In the air supply chamber 15, the lower part 12a opened after the combustion air supplied through the air supply port 16a tangentially formed on the upper portion of the circular outer wall 16 is turned down inside the side combustion air supply chamber 15. It is supplied into the combustion chamber 11 through. Therefore, since the combustion air is supplied while rotating in the side combustion air supply chamber 15 at the side of the combustion chamber 11, even if the combustion chamber 11 is smaller than when the combustion air is linearly supplied to the fuel, Thereby making it possible to improve the thermal efficiency while lowering the manufacturing cost.

In the upper combustion air supply chamber 20, the combustion air supplied to the preheating chamber 25 and supplied to the preheating chamber 25 through the upper air supply port 26a formed in a tangential direction on the circular upper outer wall 26. The upper portion of the preheating chamber 25 is supplied to the swirl flow supply chamber 23 through the air passage 24a of the upper middle wall 24. The combustion air supplied to the swirl flow supply chamber 23 moves from the upper side to the lower side and then rotates inward from the upper side of the combustion chamber 11 through the combustion air supply passage 22a formed in the upper inner wall 22. Therefore, the external air is moved from the upper combustion air supply chamber 20 to the upper portion of the preheating chamber 25 and then moved to the lower portion of the swirl flow supply chamber 23 so that the moving distance is longer, so that the preheating of the swirl flow supply chamber 23 is more reliable. At the same time, the preheating chamber 25 can also perform a heat-blocking function from the swirl flow supply chamber 23 to the outside. In addition, the combustion air supplied by the side combustion air supply chamber 15 directly burns the solid fuel loaded on the grate 17, and the combustion air supplied by the upper combustion air supply chamber 20 does not completely burn and rises. It plays a role of combusting incomplete combustion product to achieve complete combustion of fuel.

Next, the combustion air is injected by the lower combustion air supply pipe 43, and the combustion air supplied by the lower combustion air supply pipe 43 formed on the outside of the fuel supply pipe 41 is formed in the fuel supply pipe 41. Solid fuel existing in the lower part and the interior as well as the outside of the solid fuel loaded by supplying combustion air to the lower part of the solid fuel supplied through the air supply nozzle 41c formed in the enlarged diameter part 41a and loaded in the combustion chamber 11. It also burns smoothly, improving thermal efficiency.

Meanwhile, the high temperature combustion gas generated by the combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber 11 flows into the combustion gas discharge unit 30 through the open upper portion of the combustion chamber 11 and then flows into the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50. Will be. At this time, the combustion gas discharge unit 30 has a water pipe 34 is installed inside the wall 31 constituting the body so that the coolant circulates in the water pipe 34 to lower the temperature of the wall 31 and at the same time the water pipe ( 34) the steam converted by being heated while being circulated in the steam drum 70 is collected to improve the heat recovery rate.

In addition, the flow of the combustion gas introduced into the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 is U-shaped by the U-shaped flow guide plate 49, the fine particles such as ash contained in the combustion gas is U-shaped flow guide plate ( Dropping by 49) and more reliably removed to the recollection 46.

In addition, the ash generated after the fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber 11 is discharged mostly through the redistribution outlet 19 of the combustion chamber 11, but the small-size ash remaining in the combustion gas of the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 It can be discharged through the re-collecting unit 56 can reduce the amount of contaminants, such as ash contained in the combustion gas flowing into the boiler 200. As such, since the ash flowing into the boiler 200 is removed by the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 before the high temperature combustion gas is supplied to the boiler 200, the clinker is not caught in the boiler 200 tube for a long time. This is possible and the maintenance / management of the boiler 200, etc. becomes simple. In addition, while the coolant is circulated in the water pipe 54 of the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50, the temperature of the body 51 of the gas chamber 50 is lowered, and at the same time, the steam is heated and converted while being circulated in the water pipe 54. Collected by the drum 70 has the effect of improving the heat recovery.

As such, the combustion gas passing through the U-shaped flow gas chamber 50 is collected in the gas collection chamber 60 and then supplied to the boiler 200. Conventionally, in order to obtain a large amount of combustion gas, a plurality of boilers are required by producing steam by respectively providing a plurality of boilers in the combustion apparatus, but in the present invention, the combustion gas generated from the plurality of combustion apparatuses 100 is collected in a gas collection chamber ( By collecting it in one place and supplying it to the boiler 200, it is necessary to provide only one boiler, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and providing high-pressure steam.

The boiler 200 recovers heat from the high temperature combustion gas introduced from the gas collection chamber 60 by heat exchange with water in the water pipe 201 to produce high pressure steam. Then, the combustion gas discharged from the boiler 200 is discharged to the atmosphere after purifying the combustion gas in the air pollution prevention device described above.

On the other hand, some of the high-pressure steam produced from the boiler 200 is to produce electricity by the cogeneration system to supply electricity produced with high-pressure steam to the industrial equipment. Therefore, by supplying electricity together with steam to the industrial facilities where the cogeneration system is used, it is possible to use the electricity produced by itself without using external electricity, and at the same time, the high pressure and low pressure steam produced can be used for the production of the product. In addition, by operating the industrial facilities by adjusting the amount of steam and electricity produced according to the price fluctuations of the energy source, this system has the advantage of producing the maximum production effect while minimizing the energy cost of the industrial equipment used. have.

As described above, the combustion apparatus as a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to an example of using solid fuel, but the combustion apparatus of the present invention is not limited to solid fuel, and is applicable to gas fuel and liquid fuel. In addition, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims below.

100: combustion device
10: combustion cylinder 11: combustion chamber
12: inner wall 13: cooling chamber
14: middle wall 16: outer wall
17: rotary grate 30: combustion gas discharge unit
40: fuel supply unit 50: U-shaped flow gas chamber
60: gas collection chamber 200: boiler

Claims (22)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A combustion cylinder configured to combust the fuel contained therein by receiving combustion air from the outside, a fuel supply unit for supplying fuel to the combustion cylinder, and an upper portion of the combustion cylinder, the lower portion of which is in communication with the upper portion of the combustion cylinder; A plurality of combustion apparatus including a combustion gas discharge unit for discharging the combustion gas generated by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber to discharge the high temperature combustion gas generated by burning the fuel supplied from the fuel supply unit into the combustion cylinder through the combustion gas discharge unit. Wow,
A gas collection chamber connected to the plurality of combustion devices to collect the high temperature combustion gas generated in the plurality of combustion devices in one place;
It comprises a boiler for recovering heat by heat exchange from the combustion gas supplied by the high-temperature combustion gas collected in the gas collection chamber,
The combustion cylinder of each said combustion apparatus,
A cylindrical combustion chamber configured to burn fuel by being surrounded by an inner wall in the combustion cylinder;
The inner wall of the combustion chamber is formed to be spaced apart from each other, and the upper and lower sides of the combustion chamber are respectively provided with a coolant outlet and a coolant inlet formed therein. A cooling chamber formed outside the circumference of the combustion chamber to cool;
The outer wall is formed to be spaced apart from the outside of the middle wall of the cooling chamber and the combustion air supply port is formed on the upper side to supply combustion air from the outside, and the combustion air is supplied through the combustion air supply port formed in the tangential direction of the cylindrical outer wall. And a side combustion air supply chamber formed outside the circumference of the cooling chamber so that combustion air is supplied into the combustion chamber to an open lower portion. The method of claim 10,
And a heat recovery rate supplied to the boiler to be used to recover heat from the combustion gas generated by the combustion cylinder, which is discharged from the cooling water outlet of the cooling chamber, to improve the heat recovery rate. The method of claim 11,
The heat recovery system in which the heat recovery rate is provided in the cooling chamber is provided with a spiral cooling water guide plate so that the cooling water flowing from the cooling water inlet to rise while turning. The method of claim 12,
A fuel supply unit for supplying fuel to the combustion cylinder is installed vertically in the lower portion of the combustion cylinder and the fuel supply pipe for guiding the fuel into the combustion chamber, and a screw shaft formed on the screw shaft and the screw shaft to rotate to supply the fuel into the combustion chamber Including the transfer screw installed in the fuel supply pipe for
The upper portion of the screw shaft of the transfer screw is formed to protrude into the combustion chamber extending to the outside of the fuel supply pipe,
Heat recovery rate is formed in the upper portion of the protruding screw shaft is formed perpendicularly protruding from the axial direction of the screw shaft is rotated with the feed screw to radially supply the fuel rising through the fuel supply pipe into the combustion chamber radially This improved heat recovery system. The method of claim 13,
And a heat recovery rate at which an end portion of the upper portion of the screw shaft protruding into the combustion chamber is formed so as to protrude perpendicularly to the axial direction so that a fuel height adjustment bracket is installed to allow the fuel to be pushed out without being transferred upward. 15. The method of claim 14,
The fuel supply unit installed at the lower portion of the combustion cylinder has a lower combustion air supply pipe having a diameter larger than that of the fuel supply pipe to which fuel is supplied and is formed concentrically to supply combustion air from the lower part of the combustion chamber to the bottom of the fuel through an air supply means. Heat recovery system that improves the heat recovery rate. 16. The method of claim 15,
And an upper end portion protruding into the combustion chamber from the fuel supply pipe, the enlarged diameter portion gradually increasing toward an upper side, and an inclined guide portion bent downward from the end of the enlarged diameter portion to be inclined downward. 17. The method of claim 16,
The upper end portion protruding into the combustion chamber from the lower combustion air supply pipe is provided with an air supply enlargement portion which gradually increases in diameter toward the upper side, and is located below the enlarged portion of the fuel supply pipe.
And a heat recovery rate in which a plurality of air supply nozzles are formed in the enlarged portion of the fuel supply pipe so that combustion air supplied from the lower combustion air supply pipe is introduced into the combustion chamber. 18. The method of claim 17,
The heat recovery system further includes an air pollution prevention device for purifying the discharged combustion gas, the air pollution prevention device
A centrifugal dust collector for removing the pollutants in the combustion gas by discharging the combustion gas discharged from the boiler and rotating the introduced combustion gas by centrifugation;
A liquid slaked lime supply part is provided on one side to supply liquid slaked lime, and an inlet and an outlet through which the combustion gas flows in and out are formed at the upper and lower ends thereof, and the combustion gas discharged from the centrifugal dust collector is introduced through the inlet. Semi-dry reactor for removing the contaminants in the combustion gas and discharge the combustion gas through the outlet by applying the liquid slaked lime supplied from the liquid slaked lime supply unit to the burned gas;
Inlet and outlet ports for inlet and outlet of combustion gas are formed at both ends, respectively, and an activated carbon supply part for supplying activated carbon and a powder quicklime supply part for supplying powder quicklime are provided at both ends of the activated carbon and powder in the combustion gas introduced from the semi-dry reactor. A dry reactor for applying quicklime to remove contaminants in the combustion gas and exhausting the combustion gas through the outlet; And
And a bag filter having a plurality of bag filters therein and passing the combustion gas introduced from the dry reactor to the bag filter to remove contaminants in the combustion gas. 19. The method of claim 18,
The centrifugal dust collector is composed of a hollow cylinder, the interior of the cylinder is partitioned into an upper chamber, a lower chamber by a horizontal wall, the lower chamber is formed with an inlet for the combustion gas flows into one side, the inlet is in the circumferential direction A centrifuge tube is connected to each other, and the horizontal wall is formed with an induction pipe formed to extend down the inside of the centrifuge tube, and an outlet through which combustion gas flows is formed at one side of the upper chamber above the horizontal wall.
The heat recovery system is characterized in that the heat recovery rate is characterized in that the contaminants are collected in the lower portion of the centrifugal dust collector and the combustion gas introduced into the induction pipe is discharged through the outlet as the combustion gas introduced into the inlet is rotated in the centrifuge. The method of claim 19, wherein the dry reactor
An inlet for combustion gas is formed at the left end, and the inner portion has a smaller cross section as it goes to the right. The heat recovery system is characterized in that the heat recovery rate is improved, characterized in that the right side is formed in sequential communication with the outlet portion is gradually increased and the combustion gas is discharged to the right end. 21. The method of claim 20,
The filter dust collector is formed with a partition wall partitioning the inner space into the upper and lower chambers, a plurality of bag filters are provided on the lower surface of the partition wall, a venturi tube communicating with the opening of the bag filter is installed on the upper surface of the partition wall,
One inlet of the combustion chamber is formed at one side of the lower chamber, an outlet for discharging the combustion gas is formed at one side of the upper chamber.
Outside the upper chamber is provided with a compressed air supply to control the supply of compressed air by the solenoid valve and the compressed air injection pipe connected to the compressed air supply inside the upper chamber, the compressed air injection pipe and the venturi tube A heat recovery system with improved heat recovery, characterized in that a plurality of opposed nozzles are formed. A heat recovery system according to any one of claims 10 to 21,
And a steam turbine and a generator for generating steam by heat exchange from the combustion gas in the boiler of the heat recovery system and generating electricity by the generated steam.

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