KR101182878B1 - Steering appratus of three wheeled vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a steering apparatus mounted on a tricycle equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels and one rear wheel capable of steering can minimize the width of the vehicle body while maintaining the maximum inclination while driving a narrow alleyway or stepped place. It can be conveniently driven at, and can be cornered safely even at high speeds. It is a simple and robust structure that combines the convenience of a two-wheeled vehicle with the safety of a four-wheeled vehicle. It is a simple structure that combines the safety of the four-wheeled vehicle, which can minimize the use of parts, reduce the manufacturing cost, and can be widely used, and it provides a three-wheeled steering device that is compatible with existing two-wheeled frames.

Description

Steering appratus of three wheeled vehicle}

The present invention relates to a steering device for a tricycle, and more particularly, to a steering wheel mounted on a tricycle equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels and one rear wheel which can be steered, while maintaining the maximum body inclination during driving, the width of the vehicle body. It is possible to minimize and to be suitable for reverse tricycles that require high-speed driving.

In general, when a two-wheeled vehicle, such as a motorcycle, rotates a road while driving, a safe cornering may be performed only when the inclination of the driver coinciding with the vehicle body forms an angle with the ground in the driving direction in proportion to the driving speed.

That is, the direction change function during driving or stopping is performed by the driver's attitude to change direction (body tilt and body tilt matched with the body), and the turning radius is also minimized. The steering wheel operation should be understood as an auxiliary function means, and in practice the attitude of the driver in line with the vehicle body determines the turning radius.

Therefore, even in the case of tricycles (motorcycles, bicycles) equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels and rear wheels, two front wheels are always grounded and grounded regardless of road conditions, rotation angle, and driving speed. Free body tilt in accordance with the structure is maintained to 100%, or the steering device function of the four-wheeled vehicle 100% to apply the safe operation.

In addition, a four-wheeled vehicle such as a car also includes the role of tilting (a tilt of the body and the driver's posture in the case of a two-wheeled vehicle) due to the body weight and structure when cornering the road while driving.

That is, in order to minimize the turning radius when changing the direction, the parts that perform the front wheel rotation and the front wheel tilt function simultaneously with the operation of the steering wheel serve as a posture (body tilt) of the motorcycle driver.

As described above, the four-wheeled vehicle is a structure of a technology in which mechanical parts perform a tilting function while driving, and a two-wheeled vehicle is a structure in which a function is shifted to a driver's body during driving. Partial misapplication can lead to redundant functions, complex structures, and increased manufacturing costs.

Conventionally, a three-wheeled vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels and rear wheels is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 0340597, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H6-6-171569, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 56-82681, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1 -No. 229787 is disclosed, but the common features of the published patents apply the structure of the four-wheeled vehicle did not escape the overlapping function.

Among such conventional tricycles, the problems of Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0340597 will be described below.

First, four unnecessary parts are applied indirectly by applying the basic technology of the four-wheeled vehicle from the steering wheel to the pitman arm, ball joint, tie rod, and knuckle arm during the transfer from the steering wheel to the left and right front wheels during the change of direction. Since the same structure as the inside of the steering shaft is additionally built to the left and right to combine the bridge member and the front wheel support member, the structure is complicated, the weight can not be reduced to light weight, the manufacturing cost is high, and the body The upright posture function resulted in a dysfunction that prevented cornering.

In other words, when applied to a motorcycle that requires high-speed driving, the speed itself is a function of maintaining an upright posture when rotating during driving.If the acceleration of the upright posture is accelerated by a mechanical device, the body is difficult to be inclined and cornering is difficult. Even if the function was developed, the moment it was restored to the small obstacles such as stones and uneven roads on the ground, the function was restored, which resulted in the occurrence of an accident that lost the cornering direction and caused the rollover accident. That is, it is because the structure which cannot incline the knuckle arm by using the technique of a four-wheeled vehicle partially.

In addition, the body upright posture maintenance device does not naturally incline toward the driver's body when turning (when dragging) during stopping, so the turning radius cannot be minimized. Motorcycles that require high-speed driving must be equipped with separate shock absorbers on each of the two front wheels, but there is a safety problem because the front wheels are not equipped with a separate shock absorber. For this purpose, the inclination of the body is greatly required, and the length and distance of the upper link, the lower link, the parallel link, the tie rod, the regulating flange, and the inward flange have to be increased, which makes the vehicle wider and obstructs the weight reduction, especially in narrow alleyways. Cannot be applied, and if the tilt is limited, the radius of rotation increases, making it impossible to apply. There were a lot of problems such as.

In particular, the conventional prior art can not be mounted on a conventional two-wheeled frame (chassis), and because a separate frame suitable for the structure must be manufactured, it must be an expensive product when applied to a general low-speed bicycle, the rigidity and function of a motorcycle Due to the limitations of the current situation, the above-described conventional techniques have been problems due to attempts to realize the suspension and steering functions of the reverse tricycle based on the technology of the four-wheeled vehicle.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention is the maximum body when driving by a steering apparatus mounted on a three-wheeled vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels and one rear wheel capable of steering. By keeping the slope and minimizing the width and length of the car body, it can be safely cornered even during high-speed driving, and can be easily disassembled and assembled due to its simple and robust structure, and it can reduce the production cost by minimizing the parts used. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a steering apparatus of a tricycle equipped with compatibility that can be mounted and used in an existing two-wheeled frame.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a steering apparatus of a tricycle, which is provided with a pair of steerable left and right front wheels and a rear wheel, which is detachably coupled to a frame and is equipped with a steering member mounting unit and a handle mounting shaft. The integrally formed steering stem, a fixed holder inserted into an upper end of the handle mounting shaft and fastened to an upper end of the steering member mounting portion so as to mutually support the steering member mounting portion and the handle mounting shaft, and mounted inside the pair of front wheels, respectively. And a support member inserted into and coupled to an upper end of the shank absorber, which has a shock absorbing effect during driving, and an upper front for adjusting the rotational direction of the pair of front wheels while being rotated to the left and right in accordance with the steering wheel operation by being fastened to the steering member mounting portion. And the rear steering member and the lower steering member and the supporting member are inserted to be rotatable and penetrated together. The first fastening holes are formed at the centers of the upper front and rear steering members and the lower steering members, respectively, and the fastening members penetrate through the respective first fastening holes to be fastened to the first and second fastening parts of the front center of the steering member mounting part. Ball bearings and tapered roller bearings are press-fitted into the first fastening holes at both ends of the fastening member to smoothly guide rotation of the upper front and rear steering members and the lower steering member. The upper front and rear steering members and the lower steering are press-fitted. At each end of the member, a second fastening hole is formed in which upper and lower ends of the supporting member are fixed to each other so that the fixing hinge pieces protruding forward and rearwardly are inserted into the fastening members, and the fastening members are fastened through the respective second fastening holes. Inside the second fastening hole at both ends of the fastening member for smoothly guiding the rotation of the upper front and rear steering members and the lower steering member. A ball bearing is press-fitted, guide long grooves are formed at both sides of the lower steering member, and both ends of the upper front and rear steering members and both ends of the lower steering member are reinforced with strength of the upper front and rear steering members and the lower steering member, respectively. There is provided a tricycle steering device, characterized in that a reinforcement bracket is fastened to support the separation from being prevented.

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As described above, the present invention can minimize the width and length of the vehicle body while maintaining the maximum inclination of the vehicle body while driving by a steering device mounted on a tricycle equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels and one rear wheel which can be steered. It can be used to drive conveniently in narrow alleys or stepped areas, and can be cornered safely even at high speeds. It is a simple and robust structure that combines the convenience of a two-wheeled vehicle with the safety of a four-wheeled vehicle. It is a simple structure that combines the convenience of a two-wheeled vehicle with the safety of a four-wheeled vehicle. It can minimize the parts used, and it can be widely distributed by reducing the manufacturing cost. It is a very useful invention with many advantages.

1 is a perspective view showing a tricycle equipped with a pair of front wheels according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1
3 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of FIG. 1;
4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG.
5 is an exploded perspective view showing a coupling state of the steering stem and the mounting parts according to the present invention;
6A to 6C are a plan view, a longitudinal sectional view, and a front view respectively showing an upper steering member according to the present invention;
7A and 7B are front views each showing an assembled state of the shank absorber and the support member according to the present invention;
8A and 8B are a longitudinal sectional view and a side view showing an operating state of the lever holder, respectively, when controlling the tilt of the vehicle body according to the present invention;
9a to 9c are longitudinal sectional views respectively showing front views and operating blocks of the locking shaft and the stopper according to the present invention;
10A and 10B are front views each showing a stepped and inclined driving state of a tricycle according to the present invention.
11A and 11B are plan views showing left and right steering handle states of a tricycle according to the present invention, respectively.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described in detail.

1 is a perspective view showing a tricycle equipped with a pair of front wheels according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a coupling state of a steering stem and mounting components according to the present invention, and FIGS. 6A to 6C are a plan view, a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a front view respectively showing an upper steering member according to the present invention, and FIGS. 7A and FIG. 7b is a front view showing the assembled state of the shank absorber and the support member according to the present invention, respectively.

8A and 8B are longitudinal cross-sectional views and side views showing the operating states of the lever holders when the vehicle body tilt control according to the present invention, respectively, and FIGS. 9A to 9C are front views and operating blocks of the locking shaft and the stopper according to the present invention. Are longitudinal cross-sectional views, respectively.

10A and 10B are front views showing stepped and inclined driving states of the tricycle according to the present invention, respectively, and FIGS. 11A and 11B are plan views showing left and right steering operation states of the tricycle according to the present invention, respectively.

According to the present invention, the steering member mounting portion 32 is formed in front of the steering stem 10 detachably coupled to the frame (= chassis) 1 of the tricycle, and the handle 20 is formed at the rear of the steering stem 10. The handle mounting shaft 30 to be mounted is integrally formed with the steering member mounting portion 32, and the steering member mounting portion 32 and the handle mounting shaft (of the steering stem 10) are disposed at an upper end of the steering wheel mounting shaft 30. A fixing hole 42 formed at one end of the fixing holder 40 is inserted in order to support each other 30, and the other end of the fixing holder 40 is fastened to the upper end of the steering member mounting part 32 by a bolt or the like.

In addition, each support member 70 is mounted on the upper side of the pair of front wheels 50, each of which is mounted on the upper end of the telescopic dampers 60 of the telescopic dampers type, which functions as a multi-stage operation in the vertical direction when the vehicle is driven, thereby cushioning and absorbing shock. ) Is inserted and fastened by bolts or the like, and fixed hinge pieces 72 protrude from both the front and rear portions at the upper and lower ends of the respective supporting members 70.

In addition, the toe-in setting means for ensuring that the shank absorber 60 is always assembled at a predetermined position is coupled to the upper end of the shank absorber 60 and the lower end of the support member 70, respectively. To form the concave-convex fixing grooves 62 and 74, or in another embodiment, to form the concave convex fixing groove 64 in the upper end of the shank absorber 60, the lower end of the support member 70 fixed in the concave The protruding fixing piece 76 may be inserted into the groove 64 to be coupled to each other.

In addition, deformation preventing means for preventing in advance the phenomenon in which the deformation or eccentricity such as left and right twists on the wheel 54 of the front wheel 50 is generated in the outer case 52 of each shank absorber 60 when driving. The plurality of link members 140 are rotatably installed in a form in which they are interconnected and enclosed by a coupling means, the coupling means comprising: a support bolt 150 coupled to an end of each link member 140, and each of the link members 140. It consists of an outer case 52 of the shank absorber 60 and a ball bearing 120 mounted to both ends of the fastening member inside the link member 140.

In addition, the support member 70 is connected to the upper and lower portions of the front center of the steering member mounting part 32 to interlock the rotational direction of the pair of front wheels 50 while rotating left and right according to the manipulation of the handle 20. ) Is inserted into the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100 so as to be rotatably fastened, and guide long grooves 106 are formed at both sides of the lower steering member 100. In the centers of the upper front and rear steering members 80, 90 and the lower steering member 100, first fastening holes 82, 92, and 102 are formed, respectively. The first and second fastening holes 82, 92, and 102 of the first and second fastening parts 33 and 34 installed in the center of the front surface of the steering member mounting part 32, and the fastening member 110. In the first fastening holes 82, 92, and 102 at both ends, smooth rotation and rigidity of the upper front and rear steering members 80, 90 and the lower steering member 100 can be achieved. One ball bearing 120 and tapered roller bearing 122 are press fit.

In addition, fixed hinge pieces 72 protruding from both the front and rear sides of the upper and lower ends of the other end of the support member 70 at the ends of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100, respectively. Second fastening holes 84, 94 and 104 are inserted into and fastened so that the fastening members 112 are fastened through the respective second fastening holes 84, 94 and 104. Ball bearings for smoothly guiding the rotation of the upper front and rear steering members 80, 90 and the lower steering member 100 in the second coupling holes 84, 94, 104 at both ends of the fastening member 112. 120 is press-fitted.

In addition, both ends of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and both ends of the lower steering member 100 have strengths of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100, respectively. Reinforcement bracket 130 for supporting the reinforcement to prevent separation is fastened by a bolt or the like.

In addition, the brake lever 160 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the one end of the handle 20 by the vehicle body tilt control means, and an insertion hole formed in the lever holder 162 for mounting the brake lever 160 ( 164, when the brake lever 160 is pulled or pulled and then pushed upwards of the insertion hole 164, the locking lever is lowered by its own weight and released when the brake lever 160 is pulled and released in the locked and locked state. The shaft 166 is inserted, and the master cylinder 170 for supplying the working fluid by pressing the brake lever 160 on one side of the steering member mounting portion 32 of the steering stem 10 is supplied with a bolt or the like. The brake pads are pushed by the working fluid supplied through the master cylinder 170 to the lower end of the steering member mounting part 32 of the steering stem 10. A caliper 190 for pressing and braking the brake disc 180 installed at the lower end of the lower steering member 100 is installed.

In addition, a vehicle body tilt locking and releasing means is mounted at the centers of the upper ends of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90, and the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 are used as the body tilt locking and releasing means. In the center of the upper end of the operation block 200 is embedded in the form, the through-hole 202 is formed in the front center of the operation block 200, the insertion hole 204 is formed on the upper portion of the operation block 200 And a seating groove 206 is formed at a lower end of the operation block 200 opposite to the insertion hole 204, and a fixing groove 214 is formed at an outer circumferential surface of the through hole 202 of the operation block 200. The circlip 212 is inserted into the rear of the fixing groove 214 so that the end of the steering stem 10 is inserted into the fixing groove 12 of the steering stem 10 while maintaining the upright position of the vehicle body. A locking shaft 210 is inserted for fixing.

In addition, a return button 220 for releasing the upright posture of the vehicle body is protruded and inserted into the insertion hole 204 of the upper portion of the operation block 200, and the mounting groove 206 of the operation block 200 is provided in the insertion hole 204. 1 is a stopper 230 is installed, the stopper 220 is formed between the lower end of the return button 220 in the operation block 200 and the upper end of the first spring 230, the through-hole 242 through which the locking shaft 210 passes. 240 is inserted into the second spring 250 through which the locking shaft 210 passes and is supported by the circlip 212 in the through hole 202 of the operation block 200 behind the stopper 240. It is installed and configured.

Steering device for a three-wheeled vehicle having a steerable left and right pair of front wheels and a rear wheel of the present invention configured as described above is mounted inside the pair of front wheels 50, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10B. And a support member 70 is inserted into the upper end of the shank absorber 60 of the telescopic damper type, which has a shock absorbing effect during driving, and is steered by a bolt or the like, and the steering stem 10 is detachably coupled to the frame 1. The support member 70 is inserted into upper and lower portions of the front center of the member mounting part 32 so as to interlock the rotational direction of the pair of front wheels 50 while rotating left and right according to the manipulation of the handle 20. The technical feature of the structure is that the upper front and rear steering member 80, 90 and the lower steering member 100 is rotatably fastened together.

Accordingly, even when the driver is driving the tricycle in normal or high speed, the upper front and rear steering members 80 centering on the steering member mounting portion 32 of the steering stem 10 when cornering by operating the handle 20. 90 and the lower steering member 100 and the left and right rotation of the support member 70 can be smoothly moved up and down vertically, so as to maintain the maximum body hull slope as shown in Figure 10b while driving the width of the body Minimization, of course, can be easily cornered by responding easily according to the inclination of the vehicle body, it is also possible to easily and conveniently drive even in a stepped place as shown in FIG.

In addition, the fixing hole 42 of one end of the fixed holder 40 is inserted into the upper end of the handle mounting shaft 30, which is integrally formed at the rear of the steering stem 10 and on which the handle 20 is mounted. Since the other end of the fixed holder 40 is fastened to the upper end of the 10 by bolts or the like, the steering stem 10 and the handle mounting shaft 30 may be supported by the fixed holder 40 so as not to be detached from each other or deformed. Will be.

In addition, both ends of the fastening member 110 fastened through the first fastening holes 82, 92, 102 formed at the center of the upper front and rear steering members 80, 90 and the lower steering member 100. The ball bearing 120 and the tapered roller bearing 122 are press-fitted into the first fastening holes 82, 92, and 102 of the first fastening holes 82, 92, and 102, respectively. Upper steering members 80 at both ends of the fixed hinge piece 72 through which the second fastening holes 84, 94, 104 and the support member 70 pass through together and are fastened by the fastening member 112 at both ends. (90) and the lower steering member 100, respectively, because the ball bearings 120 are press-fitted respectively, the upper and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100 and the support member 70 interlock. It is supported in a solid state to guide left and right rotation and vertical movement, and also supports a tilt function, a change direction function, a shock absorber 60 and a pair of front wheels 50 while driving. It is possible to perform a variety of roles such as the ability efficiently.

And, the inside of the upper front and rear steering members 80, 90 and the lower steering member 100 is mounted on the inside of the pair of front wheels 50, respectively, the telescopic type shock absorber 60 to cushion the driving. The upper and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100 can be easily disassembled and assembled since the support members 70 fastened to the upper ends thereof are also provided. Both ends of the members 80 and 90 and both ends of the lower steering member 100 are fastened in a reinforcing bracket 130, respectively, so that the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100 are fastened. ) It is possible to support it in a solid state to prevent separation by reinforcing the strength of both ends.

On the other hand, the steering apparatus of the present invention can be shared by mounting on a two-wheeled bicycle, etc. as a design change to remove some of the parts.

One; Frame 10; Steering stem
12; A fixing groove 20; handle
30; Handle mounting shaft 32; Steering member mounting
33; A first fastening portion 34; 2nd fastening part
40; Fixed holder 42; Fixed ball
50; Front wheel 52; Outer case
54; Wheel 60; Shank Absorber
62,74; Uneven fixing groove 64; Recessed groove
70; Support member 72; Fixed hinge piece
76; Protruding fixture 80; Upper front steering member
90; Upper rear steering member 100; Lower Steering Member
82,92,102; First fasteners 84,94,104; 2nd fastener
106; Guide cabinet 110,112; The fastening member
120; Ball bearing 122; Tapered roller bearing
130; Reinforcing bracket 140; Link members
150; Support bolt 160; Brake lever
162; Lever holder 164; Insert ball
166; Locking shaft 170; Master cylinder
180; Brake disc 190; Caliper
200; Actuation block 202; Through hole
204; Insertion hole 206; Seat groove
210; Locking shaft 212; Circlip
214; Fixing groove 220; L button
230; First spring 240; Stopper
242; Through-hole 250; 2nd spring

Claims (4)

In a steering apparatus of a tricycle equipped with a pair of steerable left and right front wheels and a rear wheel, a handle mounting shaft detachably coupled to the frame 1 and mounted with a steering member mounting portion 32 and a handle 20 ( Steering member 10, which is integrally formed with 30, is inserted into the upper end of the steering wheel mounting shaft 30 to support the steering member mounting portion 32 and the handle mounting shaft 30, the steering member mounting portion (32) A fixed holder 40 fastened to an upper end of the support member 70 and a support member 70 mounted to an inner side of the pair of front wheels 50 and respectively inserted into and fastened to an upper end of the shank absorber 60 that has a shock-absorbing effect during driving. The front and rear steering members 80 and 90 are fastened to the steering member mounting part 32 to adjust the rotational direction of the pair of front wheels 50 while rotating left and right according to the manipulation of the handle 20. And the lower steering member 100 and the supporting member 70 are penetrated together, respectively. Configured to be the same, and
First fastening holes 82, 92, and 102 are formed at the centers of the upper front and rear steering members 80, 90, and the lower steering member 100, respectively. 1 are fastened to the first and second fastening parts 33 and 34 at the center of the front surface of the steering member mounting part 32 through the fastening holes 82, 92 and 102, and the first ends of the fastening members 110. Ball bearings 120 and tapered roller bearings 122 for smoothly guiding the rotation of the upper and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100 in the fastening holes 82, 92, and 102. ) Is pressed in,
At the ends of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100, fixed hinge pieces 72 protruding to both the front and the rear of the other end of the support member 70 are formed. Second fastening holes 84, 94, 104 are inserted into and fastened so that the fastening members 112 are fastened through the respective second fastening holes 84, 94, 104, and the fastening members are fastened. Ball bearings 120 for smoothly guiding the rotation of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100 in the second fastening holes 84 and 94 and 104 at both ends. ) Is pressed in, guide long grooves 106 are formed on both sides of the lower steering member 100,
Both ends of the upper front and rear steering members 80 and 90 and both ends of the lower steering member 100 reinforce the strengths of the upper and rear steering members 80 and 90 and the lower steering member 100, respectively. Steering device of a tricycle, characterized in that the reinforcement bracket 130 is fastened so as to prevent the departure.
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