KR101170685B1 - Method for producing a water-soluble dietary fiber from a rice by-products - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble dietary fiber using rice by-products, which removes starch and protein from the syrup foil which is a by-product generated after the production of rice syrup prepared using crushed rice, and then removes cellulose from the cellulose. The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble dietary fiber having a hemicellulose as a main component by producing an insoluble dietary fiber as a main component and alkali extraction, enzyme treatment, filtration, purification and drying. The dietary fiber prepared by the present invention can be widely used in products for dietary fiber reinforcement, such as beverages, dairy products, light manufacturing, baking, health food, patient food.

Description

Method for producing a water-soluble dietary fiber from a rice by-products}

The present invention relates to a method for producing water-soluble dietary fiber using rice processing by-products.

Dietary fiber is classified into insoluble and water-soluble according to solubility. Representative insoluble dietary fibers include cellulose, lignin, and the like. Guar gum, arabic gum, pectin, and hemicellulose are included. have. In particular, water-soluble dietary fiber is known to have an excellent effect on inhibiting serum cholesterol elevation, and the mechanism of improving lipid metabolism is inhibition of lipid absorption in the digestive tract, promotion of excretion of bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids, in particular propionic acid, produced by fermentation of fiber in the large intestine ( propionic acid) inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver.

Plant indigestible components contained in plant cell walls such as grains and cell contents have been called crude fibers, and examples thereof include shells of cereals such as rice and corn and legumes. Hemicellulose is a generic term for polysaccharides that make up plant cell walls excluding cellulose and pectin. Monosaccharides are polymerized and complexly combined, and are classified into insoluble hemicellulose A and water-soluble hemicellulose B. And arabinoxylan (arabinoxylan), a polysaccharide consisting of and arabinose. Arabinoxylans can be an excellent dietary fiber material because they have β-1,4-linkages that are not degraded by human digestive enzymes.

The by-products of rice processing, such as rice syrup, sake, and rice bran have a high dietary fiber content, and in particular, cellulose and hemicellulose are more abundant than other grains, and thus can be used as an excellent dietary fiber material.

Various studies have been made on the method of producing dietary fiber using cereals. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses glucoamylase at 40 ° C. for 24 hours to remove starch, add 0.5N sodium hydroxide solution (2%), extract it for 18 hours at room temperature, and then, in a centrifuged solution, chlorophyll. The method of recovering the precipitate (final yield: 13%) obtained by adding roacetic acid to precipitate the protein and then placing the centrifuge in a cellophane tube, dialyzing with water for 3 days, and leaving it with ethanol. Patent Literature 2 adds heat-resistant amylase from degreasing rice bran as a raw material under hot water to remove starch, and neutralizes the water-soluble hemicellulose B fraction content obtained by extraction under acidic conditions of pH 10 or higher or pH 3 or lower, followed by filtration with an ultrafiltration membrane. To remove insoluble components and to purify to produce water-soluble hemicellulose (final yield: 3.5-8%). Patent document 3 is to remove the starch from the oxid using a heat-resistant alpha-amylase, and extract the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide in combination with hydrogen peroxide, and then lower the pH with sulfuric acid and then ultra-filtration of insoluble substances such as hemicellulose A It is proposed a method of preparing corn fiber gum (final yield: 3%) with improved color and low viscosity by spray drying immediately after concentration or inducing alcohol precipitation.

However, these prior art methods are limited to the development and development of dietary fiber based on the skin of grains such as octane and rice bran, so that studies on securing low-cost raw materials and manufacturing fiber using the same have not been proposed. Situation. Particularly, in the preparation of water-soluble dietary fiber from grains of cereals, when starch and protein are removed, fine fiber is removed by centrifugation after physical or enzymatic treatment, which leads to increased loss of raw materials and low solubility of calcium hydroxide in water during alkali extraction. By using it, the ash content of the final sample may be increased with the extraction efficiency lowered, thereby lowering the purification process efficiency. In addition, the centrifugation step after the alkali extraction lowers the recovery rate of the extract, resulting in a low yield of the final soluble dietary fiber. In addition, the use of organic solvents such as alcohol, there is a difficult industrialization due to the burden of equipment costs and complicated processes.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-242530

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-11764

Patent Document 3: International Publication WO 98-40413

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, after the production of rice syrup manufactured using crushed rice as a raw material, starch and protein are removed from the syrup foil, which is a byproduct, by using enzyme, and then cellulose is used as a main component. Insoluble dietary fiber was prepared, followed by alkali extraction, enzyme treatment, filtration, purification, and drying, thereby preparing a water-soluble dietary fiber mainly composed of hemicellulose.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing insoluble dietary fiber at low cost and high yield from rice syrup foil which is a by-product of rice processing and producing water-soluble dietary fiber therefrom.

Method for producing a water-soluble dietary fiber from the rice processing by-product of the present invention for achieving the above object:

Treating rice syrup meal powder with proteolytic enzyme and starch enzyme sequentially or simultaneously to obtain insoluble dietary fiber;

Extracting the insoluble fiber with an alkaline solution and filtering to obtain an alkaline extract;

Treating the alkaline extract with cellulase and an enzyme comprising the same to obtain a water-soluble dietary fiber fraction; And

And treating the water-soluble dietary fiber fraction with an adsorbent and treating and purifying the filtration membrane to obtain a water-soluble dietary fiber.

In the production method of the present invention, the rice syrup foil powder has a water content of about 3 to 6% and an average particle of 100 to 200 micrometers.

In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the step of obtaining the insoluble dietary fiber is mixed with 10-15 times distilled water of rice syrup foil powder in weight ratio to dry weight, and 0.1 ~ 1.0% of alpha amylase to dry weight, 90 ~ The reaction was performed at 100 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes, and then stirred at 0.1 to 0.5% of protease at 50 to 60 ° C. for 1 to 3 hours, followed by filtration.

In the preparation method of the present invention, the step of obtaining the alkaline extract solution is added to the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.5 to 2% by weight to 15 to 20 times the weight ratio of insoluble fiber, and then carried out for 1 to 3 hours at 70 ~ 90 ℃ It is characterized by.

In the production method of the present invention, the method further comprises desalting and decolorizing the alkali extract with an ion exchange resin.

In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the step of obtaining the water-soluble dietary fiber fraction is adjusted to the pH of the alkali extract or the desalted and decolorized alkali extract to 4.0 ~ 6.0, heated to 40 ~ 60 ℃, cellulase, biscotti After the addition of 0.1 to 1.0% of each of the enzymes and their mixed enzymes, it is characterized in that it is carried out while stirring for 30 to 60 minutes.

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The present invention can produce a water-soluble dietary fiber containing 80% or more hemicellulose in a high yield of 8% or more, as well as the production of low purity insoluble fiber using rice syrup foil generated as a by-product in the rice processing industry. The present invention is capable of diversifying the use of processed foods, such as by using recycled by-product resources as raw materials of high value-added foods, in particular water-soluble dietary fiber exhibits a high dietary fiber content, drink, dairy products, baking, It can be widely used for dietary fiber reinforcement products such as health food and patient food.

Looking at the present invention in more detail as follows.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble dietary fiber in high yield from rice syrup foil. More specifically, starch and protein are removed from rice syrup by proteolytic enzyme (Protease N, Protease M), starch (termamyl) treatment to obtain insoluble dietary fiber. (Step 1), the step of extracting the insoluble dietary fiber fraction from which starch and protein have been removed with an alkaline solution and filtering to obtain an alkali extract (Step 2), optionally, ion exchange the alkali extract obtained in the second step After desalting and decolorizing with resin, cellulase and enzymes including the same (celluclast, biscozyme) ((β-glucanase, arabanase, cellulase) ), A process of obtaining a water-soluble dietary fiber fraction by reacting with hemicellulase and xylase), and treating the adsorbent to the water-soluble dietary fiber fraction obtained in the third step. Ha It comprises a step of membrane treatment and purification to obtain a water-soluble dietary fiber.

Rice syrup gourd used in the present invention can be easily obtained commercially as a by-product generated in the production of rice syrup (starch syrup), can be used regardless of the difference in quality level. In the present invention, a method for removing starch and protein in rice syrup cake is generally known, for example, an enzyme treatment method, that is, a proteolytic enzyme such as protease N, protease M, and thermamil, cellulose, and biscozyme starch. A method of treating a degrading enzyme can be used.

According to the present invention, in the first step, the protease and the starch degrading enzyme may be treated simultaneously or separately. Then, the mixture is stirred at high temperature using an alkaline solution to extract cellulose and hemicellulose, which account for about 20-30% of the rice syrup foil. The alkaline solution can be used alone or in combination with sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, and it is preferable to use a low concentration of sodium hydroxide in order to efficiently extract cellulose. After extraction with an alkaline solution, the filter can be filtered using a filter cloth to maximize the yield of the extract.

Optionally, by desalting and decolorizing the extract filtrate with an anion exchange resin, water soluble fiber can be obtained while reducing the amount of enzyme added in the next step, thereby reducing production costs.

In the third step, the extract filtrate may be neutralized with an acid and then reacted with cellulose and / or biscozyme, and preferably, simultaneously treated with cellulose and biscozyme to improve the yield of water-soluble dietary fiber. At the same time, the viscosity of the extract can be lowered and the transparency can be improved, thereby improving the work efficiency of the filtration step.

The water-soluble dietary fiber fraction, which is the obtained filtrate, may be treated with an adsorbent such as activated carbon, purified after filtration, concentrated, and dried to prepare a water-soluble dietary fiber with high yield.

One preferred embodiment of the manufacturing process of the dietary fiber using rice syrup foil in the present invention is as follows.

First step: Rice syrup foil generated during the production of rice syrup is filtered under pressure with a filtration membrane, after minimizing remaining moisture, and then dried (preferably, dried in an oven at 70-75 ° C. for about 12 hours or more), then about 3 Make water content of ～ 6%, and then grind the average particle by 100 ~ 200 micrometer using a grinder. If pulverized, the reaction efficiency can be increased in the subsequent enzymatic reaction. After mixing with distilled water of 10-15 times by weight to dry weight and adding 0.1-1.0% of alpha amylase (terrmamil, Novozyme) to the dried product, reacted at 90-100 ℃ for 30-60 minutes, and then And stirred for 1 to 3 hours in a reactor with 0.1 to 0.5% of protease (protease N or protease M, Amano) at about 50 to 60 ° C., followed by filtration (preferably with filtration cloth) and repeated washing with sufficient water. Obtain insoluble fiber with protein and starch removed. The filter cloth used for filtration is made of polyester and polyamide, which are generally used, and has an internal pore size of 36 to 100 micrometers, preferably 44 to 53 micrometers.

Step 2: Hemicellulose is extracted by adding an alkaline solution to the dehydrated insoluble fiber from which protein and starch are removed. 0.5-2% low sodium hydroxide solution is added 15 to 20 times by weight relative to insoluble fiber. Hemicellulose is extracted with sufficient stirring for 1 to 3 hours in a 70 ~ 90 ℃ reactor. Next, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and then vacuum filtered with a filter cloth to obtain an extract (also called an "alkali extract"). In the case of filtration using a filter cloth, the recovery and transparency of the alkaline extract solution may be increased than in the case of using centrifugal separation, which may increase the filterability and final yield in the process.

The third step: Desalting the alkaline extract of the second step optionally with an ion exchange resin prior to the step of treating with an enzyme comprising cellulase such as β-glucanase, arabanase, hemicellulase, xylase, etc. And when the decolorizing process is added, the amount of enzyme used in the subsequent enzymatic treatment step can be reduced, and the yield can also be increased. In general, it can be carried out by using the ion exchange resin used in food production, strong acid cation exchange resin, weakly basic anion exchange resin, etc. can be used, the amount of ion exchange resin is 1 to 10 times the volume ratio of dry rice syrup gourd. Add. For the ion exchange resin, for example, in the case of a cation, a styrenic strong acid resin may be used, and in the case of an anion, a styrenic strong basic Cl type or weakly basic OH type resin may be used.

For the alkali extract or the desalted and decolorized alkaline extract, the pH of the extract is adjusted to 4.0 to 6.0, preferably 4.5 to 5.0, in which the enzyme is active, and 40 to 60 ° C, preferably 45 to 50 ° C in a reaction tank. After heating to the cellulase and the enzyme containing it (cellulast / biskozyme) is added to each of 0.1 ~ 1.0% and then reacted with stirring for 30 to 60 minutes.

Step 4: The enzyme reaction solution is filtered after treating the adsorbent. Adsorbents, such as activated carbon and polystyrene, can be used as an adsorbent. For filtration, a transparent extract can be obtained through membrane filtration of 0.5 micrometer or less, preferably 0.45-0.2 micrometers. Thereafter, using an ion exchange resin commonly used in the production of dietary fiber, it may be carried out by a process such as desalination and decolorization. For example, a strong acid cation exchange resin, weakly basic anion exchange resin, mixed resin treatment, or the like can be used. Exchange resin is added in a volume ratio of 1 to 10 times, preferably about 5 times, the dry matter. In the case of the mixed resin, the activated strongly acidic cation exchange resin and the strong basic anion exchange resin are mixed and used in a volume ratio of 1 to 1 to 2. The exchange resin can be, for example, a styrenic strong acid resin SK1B in the case of a cation, or a styrene-based strong basic Cl or weakly basic OH type resin in the case of an anion. The final purified enzyme reaction solution was concentrated in vacuo to a concentration of 10-20%, followed by spray drying or lyophilization to obtain a powder.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.

Example 1

After 100 g of rice syrup cake (50% water content) was filtered with gauze, the remaining water was minimized, and after drying for about 12 hours in an oven of about 70, a dried product of about 5% moisture content was obtained. Then, it is pulverized with a hammer mill to obtain a powder having an average particle size of about 200 micrometers or less. After mixing 1 L of distilled water and adding 0.5 g of alpha amylase (Termamyl, Novozyme), the mixture is reacted at about 95 ° C. for about 60 minutes. After adjusting the temperature of the reaction solution to about 55 ° C., each of protease N and protease M (Amano) was added 0.05% each, followed by reaction for 3 hours, followed by filtration with a filter cloth of 53 micrometers of voids. After repeated washing twice with water twice to obtain insoluble dietary fiber. In addition, after the alpha amylase and proteolytic enzyme reaction as a control, the yield of the insoluble dietary fiber separated using a 3500 rpm centrifuge is shown in Table 1 below.

Yield of insoluble fiber by filtration or centrifugation Type of processing Yield (%) ^* Remarks percolation 20.7 - Centrifugation 15.4 3,500 rpm

^* Yield = (rice syrup gourd / input rice syrup gourd after starch and protein removal drying) × 100

Example 2

After adding 400 ml of 0.5% sodium hydroxide solution to 20 g of the dehydrated insoluble dietary fiber from which the protein and the starch obtained in Example 1 were removed, the mixture was stirred in a reaction vessel at about 90 ° C. for about 3 hours, cooled to room temperature, and vacuum filtered with a filter cloth. To obtain an extract. In addition to the filter cloth method in Example 1, the insoluble dietary fiber obtained by centrifugation after the same treatment, the yield and transparency of each extract is shown in Table 2 below. When filtered, it can be seen that the recovery rate and transparency of the extract are high.

Yield and Transparency of Extracts by Filtration or Centrifugation Type of processing Yield (%) ^* Transparency (%) ^** Remarks percolation 56.4 58.8 - Centrifugation 46.4 44.3 3,500 rpm

^* Yield = (solid content of alkali extract / insoluble dietary fiber) × 100

^** Relative calculation by measuring at 620 nm based on distilled water at 3% concentration

Example 3

380 mL (solid content: 11.3 g) of the alkali extract obtained in Example 2 was mixed with 20 g of a mixed resin (a strong acid cation exchange resin and a strong base anion exchange resin were mixed at a volume ratio of 1 to 2) in a reaction tank at about 50 ° C. After stirring for about 2 hours it is filtered to decolorize and desalted. Next, the pH of the extract was adjusted to 5.0 using 10% hydrochloric acid solution, and the reaction tank was heated to about 50 ° C., followed by addition of 0.1% cellulose, or 0.1% biskozyme, or 0.5% of each mixed enzyme. After that, the mixture is reacted with stirring for about 60 minutes. After filtration, the viscosity, filterability and transparency in the reaction solution were measured and shown in Table 3 below.

Viscosity, Filterability, and Transparency of Enzyme Reaction Solutions According to Enzyme Treatment Conditions Enzyme treatment Viscosity (cps) ^* Filtration Rate (sec) ^** Transparency (%) ^*** Cellulast 16.0 More than 300 10.5 Biscozyme 11.0 175 67.5 Cellulast + Biscozyme 8.0 62 82.3

^* Viscometer (60rpm, room temperature)

^** Transit time when 20 ml of enzyme reaction solution is filtered through filter paper

^*** Relative calculation by measuring at 620 nm based on distilled water at 3% concentration

Example 4

5 g of powdered activated carbon was added to 300 ml of the reaction solution to which the cellulose-based biszyme mixed enzyme was applied in the enzyme reaction solution obtained in Example 3, heated at 90 ° C. for 1 minute, and then cooled to room temperature and filtered, followed by 0.45 micron. After filtration by membrane filtration of meter, 20 g of mixed resin (mixing strong acid cation exchange resin and strong base anion exchange resin in volume ratio 1 to 2) was added to the filtrate, followed by stirring for about 2 hours in a reaction vessel at about 50 ° C. Filter and decolorize and desalting. The decolorized and desalted reaction solution is concentrated under a reduced pressure concentrator to concentrate 10% (w / w) of solids. Water-soluble dietary fiber obtained 8.7 g (yield 8.7%) from the first raw rice syrup gourd. The total dietary fiber content was measured using AACC TDF (total dietary fiber) method 32-05, calculated by the following equation 1, the dietary fiber content was 90.6%, the analysis results of the other general components are shown in Table 4 and same.

[Equation 1]

Total dietary fiber (%) =

Where R ₁ = weight remaining after m ₁ reaction, R ₂ = weight remaining after m ₂ reaction, m ₁ = weight of sample 1, m ₂ = weight of sample 2, A = batch of R ₁ , P = R ₂ , Protein amount, B = blank test value.

Component Analysis of Water-Soluble Dietary Fiber Prepared from Rice Syrup Cake Analysis item Analysis Remarks moisture (%) 7% less than dry Crude protein (%) 1.0 or less Kendall Crude fat (%) 0.2 or less Soxhlet View% (%) 0.5 or less conversation pH (%, 5% concentration) 4.0 or less pH meter Viscosity (cps, 5% concentration) 8 to 13 Viscometer Transparency (%, 5% concentration) over 90 Absorbance

Claims (7)

Treating rice syrup meal powder with proteolytic enzyme and starch enzyme sequentially or simultaneously to obtain insoluble dietary fiber;
Extracting the insoluble fiber with an alkaline solution and filtering to obtain an alkaline extract;
Treating the alkaline extract with cellulase and an enzyme comprising the same to obtain a water-soluble dietary fiber fraction; And
The method of producing a water-soluble dietary fiber from rice processing by-products comprising the step of treating the water-soluble dietary fiber fraction with an adsorbent, and filtering and purifying the membrane.
The method according to claim 1,
The rice syrup foil powder has a water content of about 3-6% and an average particle of 100-200 micrometers.
The method according to claim 1,
The step of obtaining the insoluble dietary fiber is mixed with 10 to 15 times distilled water in a weight ratio of the dry weight of the syrup foil powder, and after adding 0.1-1.0% of alpha amylase to the dry amount, the reaction at 90 to 100 ℃ for 30 to 60 minutes Then, after stirring for 1 to 3 hours at 0.1 to 0.5% protease at 50 ~ 60 ℃, and then filtered to perform the manufacturing method of water-soluble dietary fiber from rice by-products.
The method according to claim 1,
The step of obtaining the alkaline extract solution is added from 0.5 to 2% sodium hydroxide solution in a weight ratio of insoluble fiber to 15 to 20 times, then from rice processing by-products, characterized in that performed for 1 to 3 hours at 70 ~ 90 ℃ Method for producing water-soluble dietary fiber.
The method according to claim 1,
The method further comprises desalting and decolorizing the alkali extract with an ion exchange resin.
The method according to claim 1 or 5,
In the step of obtaining the water-soluble dietary fiber fraction, the pH of the alkali extract or the desalted and decolorized alkali extract was adjusted to 4.0-6.0, heated to 40-60 ° C., and then the cellulase, biscozyme or a mixed enzyme thereof, respectively. Method of producing a water-soluble dietary fiber from rice processing by-products, characterized in that the addition is carried out for 30 to 60 minutes after the addition of 0.1 to 1.0%.
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