KR101143919B1 - Manufacturing method of effective microorganisms fermentation carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a useful microorganism fermentation carrier, and more particularly, microorganisms proliferated in the process of mixing and fermenting a useful microorganism activate micropore formation in the firing process, and expand the volume according to the temperature rise of vermiculite. And carbonization of activated carbon to achieve coordination between macropores and micropores in the carrier, thereby promoting the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are nutrient sources in water, so that porosity is not rapidly reduced. At the same time, it is possible to improve the water quality by using dissolved organic carbon as a food source, and because it has a large specific surface area, it is physicochemically stable, so that there is no sludge generation due to no desorption of microorganisms, and it is easy to put into the reaction tank and has a specific gravity. Small size makes it easy to use as a fluidized bed when manufacturing small carriers It relates to a method for producing a useful microbial fermentation carrier.

Useful microorganisms, carriers, active liquids, fermentation

Description

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS FERMENTATION CARRIER}

The present invention promotes the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are nutrient sources in water, so that the porosity is not rapidly reduced, and useful microorganisms are attached to the carrier to remove nutrients adsorbed, and at the same time, water quality can be improved by using dissolved organic carbon as a food source. In addition, due to its large specific surface area, it is physicochemically stable, so that there is no desorption of microorganisms, so that sludge is not generated, and it is easy to put into the reaction tank. It relates to a method for producing a microbial fermentation carrier.

In general, a microbial carrier, which is a porous molded body for supporting microorganisms during biofilm treatment of wastewater, refers to structures manufactured to allow microorganisms to attach and grow.

As the research and development of wastewater treatment and odor removal process using microorganisms is progressing, research on porous ceramics for microbial carriers is also actively progressing.

The wastewater treatment method using microorganisms is a biological treatment method, in which various microorganisms are multiplied inside the carrier to be treated in a natural manner, so that the amount of pestle is less generated, and various microbial species form a community, thereby changing temperature, pH, impact load and It is known to have excellent coping ability due to inflow of hardly decomposable substances.

Carriers used to treat wastewater include ceramics, inorganic particles, fibers, synthetic materials, and plastics. In general, efforts have been made to increase the adhesion rate of microorganisms to carriers by increasing specific surface area or increasing surface roughness.

The microbial adhesion rate is known to be influenced by several factors, but mainly satisfying factors such as pore size suitable for microbial community formation, high specific surface area, selection of materials suitable for microbial growth and high surface roughness. It is known to have a high microbial support.

Conventional porous ceramics manufacturing methods include a method of impregnating and heat-treating a polymer sponge, a method of mixing and molding organic polymers in ceramic powder, and a method of sintering, and a method of forming and heat-treating after adding a blowing agent to the slurry.

In addition, there are various manufacturing methods such as a method using the sol-gel method, a method using an equivalent pressure, and a method of sintering only a part of the particle surface.

However, the manufacturing methods as described above have a problem in that when the sintering temperature is increased to increase the strength of the molded body, the densification proceeds and the porosity is rapidly lowered.

On the other hand, the polymer carrier is easy to manufacture in a desired shape, the price is low, but the specific surface area is small, physicochemically unstable, there is a problem that a lot of sludge generation due to frequent desorption of microorganisms.

On the other hand, active or ceramic carriers have the advantages of large specific surface area, physicochemical stability, thin microbial film, and low sludge generation, but are usually formed into fine particles of 2 ~ 10mm and difficult to directly enter into the reactor. This cursor has a problem that it cannot be used with a fluidized bed.

Further, in the aeration tank, the fluidized bed carrier is preferred to the fixed bed carrier, but there is a problem in that there is no fluidized bed carrier that can be manufactured at a low cost and with good performance.

The present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned problems, and promotes the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are nutrient sources in water, so that the porosity may not be drastically lowered. It is not only able to improve water quality by using carbon as a food source, but also because it has a large specific surface area, so it is physically and chemically stable, so there is no sludge generation because there is no desorption of microorganisms, and it is easy to put into the reaction tank, and it is also used as a fluidized bed due to its small specific gravity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a useful microbial fermentation carrier which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured.

The present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of: a) drying the mixture of kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon in a 5: 5: 1: 0.5 mass ratio to obtain a blend; b) wet blending the useful microorganism active liquid in the formulation and then molding it into a predetermined shape to obtain a molded carrier; c) a fermentation step of fermenting the molded carrier; d) a firing step of firing the fermented molded carrier; provides a method for producing a useful microorganism fermentation carrier comprising a.

Here, the step b) is preferably wet-mixed to 40 to 60% by weight of the useful microorganism active liquid in the formulation.

And, in the step c), it is preferable to dry ferment the molded carrier for 14-30 days in a relative humidity of 60 to 80% by weight.

In addition, the step d) is preferably baked at the firing temperature of the fermented molding carrier 800 ~ 900 ℃.

Hereinafter, the method for producing a useful microorganism fermentation carrier of the present invention will be described in detail.

The method for producing a useful microbial fermentation carrier of the present invention comprises the steps of a) dry blending kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon in a 5: 5: 1: 0.5 mass ratio to obtain a blend; b) wet blending the useful microorganism active liquid in the formulation and then molding it into a predetermined shape to obtain a molded carrier; c) a fermentation step of fermenting the molded carrier; d) a firing step of firing the fermented molding carrier.

First, the step a) is a step of dry blending kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon in a 5: 5: 1: 0.5 mass ratio to obtain a blend.

At this time, since the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite, and activated carbon are dry blended at a 5: 5: 1: 0.5 mass ratio, the optimum strength of the blend is improved, the effective density is improved, and the porosity can be more remarkably improved. Will be.

Next, step b) is a step for obtaining a molded carrier by wet mixing the useful microorganism active liquid in the formulation and then molding to a predetermined shape.

Here, the step b) is preferably wet mixed with 40 to 60% by weight of the useful microorganism active liquid in the formulation.

At this time, when the useful microorganism active liquid is less than 40% by weight of the blend in the formulation there is a problem that inhibits the fermentation mechanism of the useful microorganism.

In addition, when the useful microorganism active liquid is wet-mixed in more than 60% by weight of the formulation, there is a problem in that the growth of harmful microorganisms is promoted, and the odor is induced by a decay mechanism.

Therefore, it is preferable that the step b) wet-mix the useful microbial active liquid in the blend in an amount of 40 to 60% by weight so that the blend can significantly improve the adsorption capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus.

Next, step c) is a fermentation step for fermenting the molded carrier.

In the step c), the molded carrier may be dried and fermented for 14-30 days in a relative humidity of 60-80% by weight.

In this case, when the molded carrier is dried and fermented for less than 14 days at a relative humidity of less than 60% by weight, there is a problem of inducing moisture loss of the molded carrier and preventing fermentation mechanisms of useful microorganisms.

In addition, when the molded carrier is dried and fermented for more than 30 days with a relative humidity of more than 80% by weight, there is a problem of inducing a decay mechanism due to excessive moisture procurement effect on the molded carrier.

Therefore, in order to enable the molded carrier to more effectively induce the growth of useful microorganisms and the generation of various organic acids, which are metabolites, the step c) is 14 to 30 days in a relative humidity of 60 to 80% by weight of the molded carrier. Dry fermentation is preferred.

Next, step d) is a firing step for firing the fermented molded carrier.

Here, step d) is preferably baked at the firing temperature of the fermented molded carrier 800 ~ 900 ℃.

In this case, when the fermented molded carrier is calcined at a firing temperature of less than 800 ° C., there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain sufficient strength of the molded carrier in the fired state of the molded carrier.

In addition, when the fermented molded carrier is calcined at a firing temperature of more than 900 ° C., there is a problem of reducing the voids of the plastic carrier in the fired state of the molded carrier and reducing the fixation of microorganisms during application.

Therefore, in order for the fermented molding carrier to maintain a proper porosity and to have excellent physical properties such as density and strength, it is preferable to fire the molded carrier having the fermentation step d) at a firing temperature of 800 to 900 ° C.

As described above, the present invention activates micropores during the firing process of microorganisms proliferated in the process of incorporation of useful microorganisms, and macropores and microorganisms in the carrier by volume expansion and carbonization of activated carbon according to temperature rise of vermiculite. By harmonizing the pores, it promotes the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are nutrient sources in the water, so that the porosity is not rapidly reduced, and useful organic microorganisms are attached to the carrier during field application to remove the adsorbed nutrients and dissolve the organic carbon as a food source. It not only improves the water quality but also has a large specific surface area, so it is physically and chemically stable, so there is no sludge generation due to no desorption of microorganisms. It is easy and there is an advantage that can be manufactured at a low price.

The present invention activates micropores during the firing process by mixing the useful microorganisms and fermentation, and harmonize the macropores and micropores in the carrier by volume expansion and carbonization of activated carbon according to the temperature rise of vermiculite. By promoting the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are nutrient sources in the water, there is no fear that the porosity will be drastically reduced.In addition, useful microorganisms are attached to the carrier to remove the nutrients adsorbed while applying dissolved organic carbon as a food source. In addition to its large specific surface area, it is physically and chemically stable, so there is no desorption of microorganisms, so sludge is not generated, and it is easy to put into the reaction tank. It can be produced by the effect.

And, since step b) is wet blending the useful microorganism active liquid in the blend at 40 to 60% by weight, the blend has an effect of significantly improving the adsorption capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus.

In addition, the step c) is to dry-ferment the molded carrier for 14-30 days in a relative humidity of 60 to 80% by weight, so that the molded carrier can more effectively induce the growth of useful microorganisms and the generation of various organic acids that are metabolites. It can be effective.

Furthermore, since the step d) calcinates the molded carrier at a firing temperature of 800 to 900 ° C., the fermented molded carrier is effective in maintaining physical properties such as density and strength while maintaining an appropriate porosity.

Hereinafter, the preparation method of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples. Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and the technical scope of the present invention is not departed. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[Preparation of Carrier Material and Useful Microbial Group]

Kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated charcoal are powdery materials up to 1 mm or less, and the useful microorganism group is obtained by using EM active liquid from Ever Miracle Co., Ltd.

Example 1

Kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite, and activated carbon were dry blended at a 5: 5: 1: 0.5 mass ratio to obtain a formulation having a COD (biochemical carbon requirement) of 100 mg / L or less for the eluate from the elution experiment.

In addition, the useful microorganism active liquid in the blend was wet mixed at 40 to 60% by weight to form a slurry, kneaded for 0.5 to 1 hour, and then molded into a predetermined shape to obtain a molded carrier.

Then, the molded carrier was dried and fermented for 14 to 30 days in a relative humidity of 60 to 80% of room temperature so that the water content of the molded carrier was 20 to 30% by weight.

The fermented molded carrier was naturally cooled after firing in an electric furnace at 900 ° C. for 2 hours to prepare a useful microbial fermentation carrier of Example 1.

[Example 2]

Unlike Example 1, the fermented molded carrier was calcined in an electric furnace at 600 ° C. for 2 hours, and then cooled naturally to prepare a useful microorganism fermented carrier of Example 2.

Example 3

Unlike Example 1, the fermented molded carrier was calcined in an electric furnace at 700 ° C. for 2 hours and then cooled naturally to prepare a useful microorganism fermented carrier of Example 3.

Example 4

Unlike Example 1, the fermented molded carrier was calcined in an electric furnace at 800 ° C. for 2 hours, and then naturally cooled to prepare a useful microorganism fermented carrier of Example 4.

Comparative Example 1

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 0: 1 to prepare a useful microbial fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 1.

Comparative Example 2

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 1: 1 to prepare a useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 2.

Comparative Example 3

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 1: 2 to prepare a useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 3.

[Comparative Example 4]

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 2: 1 to prepare a useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 4.

[Comparative Example 5]

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 3: 1 to prepare a useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 5.

[Comparative Example 6]

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 0: 0 to prepare a useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 6.

[Comparative Example 7]

Unlike Example 1, the mass ratio of the kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon was 5: 5: 1: 3 to prepare a useful microbial fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 7.

Comparative Example 8

Unlike Example 1, the microbial fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 8 was prepared by wet mixing with 40 to 60% by weight of distilled water in place of the useful microorganism active solution.

For the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 prepared as described above were evaluated the density and porosity change of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier according to the change of vermiculite content,

For the useful microorganism fermentation carriers of Examples 1 to 4 was evaluated the porosity and density change of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier according to the firing temperature change,

For the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4, the adsorption capacity of the useful microbial fermentation carrier was evaluated in accordance with the change of the amount of the useful microbial fermentation carrier.

The useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1, 3 and Comparative Example 8 were evaluated for the change in the adsorption capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus according to the useful microorganism fermentation.

The change in density and porosity of the useful microbial fermentation carrier was measured by varying the mass ratio of kaolin: zeolite: activated carbon to measure the porosity change of the useful microbial fermentation carrier of Examples 1 and 7 according to the change of vermiculite content. The change in density and porosity was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[Table 1] Measurement result of density and porosity change according to change of vermiculite content

Sample
No. mixing ratio
porosity

density

sintered result

Koalin

Zeolite
AC vermi
culite Example 1 5 5 One 0.5 0.410 0.99 good Comparative Example 1 5 5 0 One 0.432 1.03 little crack Comparative Example 2 5 5 One One 0.424 1.03 many crack Comparative Example 3 5 5 One 2 0.469 0.88 some broke Comparative Example 4 5 5 2 One 0.469 0.88 a little crack Comparative Example 5 5 5 3 One 0.478 0.78 a little crack Comparative Example 6 5 5 0 0 0.245 0.59 almost good Comparative Example 7 5 5 One 3 0.507 0.80 easily broke

Thus, the useful microbial fermentation carrier of Example 1 was determined to exhibit the optimum strength, effective density and porosity.

This is because the formulation of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Example 1 was dry blended at a mass ratio of 5: 5: 1: 0.5 of 43.5%, 43.5%, 8.7%, and 4.3% of kaolin, zeolite, activated carbon, and vermiculite, respectively. The useful microbial fermentation carrier of Example 1 is believed to exhibit the optimum strength, effective density and porosity.

Evaluation of the porosity and density change of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier according to the calcination temperature changes the porosity and density of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Examples 1 to 4 by varying the firing temperature to 600 ℃, 700 ℃, 800 ℃, 900 ℃ Was measured, and the result is shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the porosity and density change of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4 were large.

Since the firing temperature of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Examples 1 and 4 is 800-900 ° C is an appropriate firing temperature, the density increases as the firing temperature of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Examples 1 and 4 is higher. By decreasing the porosity, it is considered that the porosity and density change of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4 were measured greatly.

The adsorption capacities of nitrogen and phosphorus of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4 were evaluated.

In this case, the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrients were fixed to 20 mg / L and 10 mg / L, respectively, in the 200 ml aqueous phase of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4, and the amounts of the useful microbial fermentation carriers were 5 g, 10 g, and 20 g, respectively. Adsorption capacity was measured for 25 hours under conditions of, 40g and 80g, and the results are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the adsorption amount of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus was 2.804g, and 0.791g for 25 hours under the condition that the inflow nitrogen and phosphorus were 3.812g and 1.84g, respectively, and the removal rates were 73.6% and 43.0, respectively. It was determined to be%.

In addition, the adsorption capacity (x / M) of nitrogen and phosphorus to the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4 was measured to be 0.19 mg / g and 0.07 mg / g.

This is considered to be because the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4 were calcined at 900 ℃ and 800 ℃, respectively.

The adsorption capacities of nitrogen and phosphorus of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1, 3 and Comparative Example 8 were evaluated.

At this time, the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 3 were wet-mixed 40 to 60% by weight of the useful microorganism active liquid in the formulation, the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 8 was 40 to 60% by weight of distilled water in the formulation It was wet mixed and then fermented and dried for 30 days.

In addition, the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrients were fixed to 20 mg / L and 10 mg / L, respectively, in the 200 ml aqueous phase of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1, 3 and Comparative Example 8, and the amounts of the useful microbial fermentation carriers were 5 g and 10 g, respectively. Adsorption capacity was measured for 24 hours under the conditions of, 20g, 40g, 80g, and the results are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption capacities (x / M) of the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 3 were measured to be 0.355 mg / g and 0.070 mg / g, respectively.

However, the adsorption capacity (x / M) of nitrogen and phosphorus to the useful microbial fermentation carrier of Comparative Example 8 was determined to be 0.015 mg / g.

This is because the useful microbial fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 3 were wet-mixed with the useful microorganism active solution in the blend at 40 to 60% by weight. The adsorption capacity was improved by about 100% compared to the carrier.

1 is a view showing the results of measuring the porosity and density change according to the calcination temperature of the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Examples 1 to 4,

2 and 3 are diagrams showing the results of measuring the change in adsorption capacity according to the change in the amount of the useful microorganism fermentation carriers of Examples 1 and 4,

4 and 5 are diagrams showing the results of measuring the change in the adsorption capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus according to the useful microorganism fermentation carrier for the useful microorganism fermentation carrier of Examples 1, 3 and Comparative Example 8.

Claims (4)

a) dry blending kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite and activated carbon in a 5: 5: 1: 0.5 mass ratio to obtain a blend; b) wet blending the useful microorganism active solution to 40 to 60% by weight in the formulation and then molding the mold into a predetermined shape to obtain a molded carrier; c) drying and fermenting the molded carrier for 14-30 days in a relative humidity of 60-80% by weight; d) a calcination step of firing the fermented molded carrier at a firing temperature of 800 ~ 900 ℃; method of producing a useful microbial fermentation carrier characterized in that it comprises a. delete delete delete

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