KR20010067161A - Manufacturing method of bioceramic media for native microorganisms and disposal system of sewage and waste water using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of bio ceramic media for removing nitrogen and phosphorus is provided, which can remove nitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon by more than 95% and also can decompose nonbiodegradable organic matter at high efficiency and can keep stable treatment performance even in changing condition of flow amount and water quality. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises as follows: (i) blend foam shale and loess with an additive: (ii) extrude the mixture; (iii) dry the extrudate; and (iv) calcinate the dried extrudate for producing bio ceramic media, the media being selected from a group consisting of Fe, NaO3, CO2, SiO2 and CaO, 5-10mm in size, 150-200micrometer in thickness and a fluidized bed.

Description

Manufacturing method of bioceramic media for native microorganisms and disposal system of sewage and waste water using the same

The present invention relates to a contact medium capable of highly treating sewage and sewage. More specifically, it is environmentally and bio-friendly and removes denitrification, dephosphorization and suspended solids from natural products using natural materials distributed in large quantities in Korea. It is to provide a method for producing a bio-ceramic carrier for nitrogen and phosphorus removal having excellent performance and a sewage treatment process using the same.

A large number of contact media that can treat high levels of sewage and sewage are expensive imports and have a high economic burden. Therefore, inefficient media are made of vinyl chloride and organic chemicals.

The media in question are chemical products, not environmentally friendly products, which are difficult to grow due to toxic and static electricity, which makes it difficult to treat microorganisms. In particular, the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended solids, which are the most important for sewage and sewage treatment, is not enough to meet the total amount regulation in the future. Treatment facilities have been established.

Removal of nitrogen or phosphorus, which can accelerate eutrophication, is a process that must be performed to protect water resources. Biological treatment is a method that can be treated with high efficiency while consuming relatively low energy.

Oh, there are physical, chemical and biological treatments for wastewater treatment. The most highly treatable process is the biological process, and microorganisms play a key role here. And using innumerable indigenous microbes in our nature and soil is the next generation of ideal wastewater treatment. As people live in various environments, microorganisms are living organisms, so they cannot live without proper food and living environment. Therefore, it is necessary to satisfy the habitat environment such as proper nutrients, oxygen, pH, etc. It can be applied to obtain water quality.

Contaminated influent contains many nutrients (organic, inorganic, especially nitrogen and phosphorus), so proliferation of protozoa, vegetable algae and fungi (bacteria and fungi), and their respiration effect Deoxygenation, which removes (DO), accelerates, corpses of organisms steadily accumulate, and nutrients are eluted, resulting in eutrophication, resulting in green algae and red tide. The bio-accumu- lation heavy metals exacerbate the environmental impact of the destruction of natural ecosystems, such as the sudden death of fish and shellfish. As a result, the value of the water as well as the tourism resources are lost.

Nitrogen acts as an important component of cellular substances such as proteins and nucleic acids, and exists in various oxidation states. Nitrogen inorganic salts (ammonium salts, nitrates, nitrites) are solubilized that they are widely distributed in dilute aqueous solutions and are important limiting factors for the primary production of ecosystems. Organic nitrogen compounds in living bodies or dead bodies are also relatively small but one of the circulating nitrogen reservoirs. Inorganic nitrogen can be dissolved in 1) industrial and municipal sewage, 2) runoff of agricultural water after fertilizer use, 3) nitrogen fixation by nitrogenous bacteria (cyanobacteria, etc.), and 4) rainfall. It comes in the form of acid rain.

The ammonium salt (NH ₄ ⁺ ) in the nitrogen introduced in this way is nitrate (NO ₃ ⁻ ) state due to oxidation by microorganisms. This is a process that requires a large amount of oxygen, so it appears as nitrogenous BOD when measuring BOD. In addition, ammonium salts or nitrates may be converted to nitrogenous organic substances in cells in the form of R-NH ₂ . Thus, ammonia is converted to (or assimilation) or oxidized to nitrites, nitrates, or nitrification, by the bacteria, fungi and algae as a nitrogen source. Which one is widely used in a particular environment depends on the presence of other materials, especially carbon sources.

Denitrification occurs only under anaerobic conditions or low oxygen partial pressures, but it is often seen that oxygen also exists in the presence of oxygen-free microstructures (eg soil particles). In addition, denitrification is more common in stagnant water than in rivers or flowing water, and when the congestion occurs in summer and winter rather than spring and fall, where lake turnover occurs, high denitrification occurs in the eutrophic lake.

Bacteria capable of denitrification is including some Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas), morak Cellar (Moraxella), RY rilryum (Spirillum), para nose kusu (Paracocus), tea Mr sealer's (Thiob acillus), Bacillus (Bacillus) species such as It is extremely limited in heterotrophic bacteria and some chemically autotrophic bacteria. By denitrification, nitrate ions are converted into nitrogen oxides (NO), nitrous oxide (N ₂ O), and nitrogen molecules (N ₂ ) via nitrite ions. Therefore, denitrification serves to remove nitrogen in a form that can be assimilated and used by non-nitrogen-fixing organisms, and this principle is industrial because it removes nitrogen sources that cause eutrophication and algae generation before they are discharged through wastewater. It can be very usefully applied. Each step of the denitrification process is catalyzed by different elements and the production rate of N ₂ is increased when the supply of energy-producing organic compounds is adequate.

Nitrogen is an essential element for many microorganisms and plants to grow. However, when present in large quantities, the following problems arise. First, when other nutrients, phosphates (PO ₄ ^3- ), are present together, they can be converted (assimilated) into substances within the cell, causing algae bloom, and consuming a large amount of oxygen during the nitriding process. It also creates anaerobic conditions in the water system. The ammonia that is itself toxic, it 1 mg / L or higher indicates toxicity to aquatic life nitrite (NO ₂ ^-), in combination with hemoglobin in the blood as a fatal methicillin Moguls fetus TOV MIA (methemoglobinemia), i.e., cyanosis (blue baby syndrome). Nitrate (NO ₃ ⁻ ) is also reduced to nitrite by the intestinal bacteria of the fetus and shows the same effect. Nitrite also reacts with amines to produce carcinogens nitrosamines, and nitrates are reduced to react in the same way. For this reason, Korea and many other countries in the world manage the water quality by setting the standard value for each type of nitrogen.

The main reservoir of phosphate is the sediment of marine and water ecosystems, and is present in large quantities in living and dead organic matter. Phosphorus is an essential element of all living things, and the most abundant form of phosphorus in the living world is phosphate (PO ₄ ^3- -P). The largest concentration of phosphorus in cells is nucleic acid, ATP molecules, and phospholipids, which are the major components of cell membranes. An excess supply of phosphorus is precipitated by forming salts with iron, magnesium and aluminum together with the nitrogen source. In this case, insoluble precipitate FePO ₄ is dissolved by reducing trivalent iron ions to divalent iron ions by iron reducing bacteria under anaerobic conditions. Sometimes.

Nitrogen and phosphorus are the major nutrients to be considered when discharging treated wastewater. Effluents containing nitrogen and phosphorus can accelerate eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs, and can excessively promote algal and aquatic plant growth in shallow rivers. In addition, it has the negative effects of depleting dissolved oxygen in water resources, causing toxicity to aquatic organisms, affecting the efficiency of chlorine disinfection in ammonia, causing public health hazards, and affecting compatibility in sewage reuse. There is a problem.

Therefore, there is a need to solve the above problems and research and develop a method for purifying and reducing 100% of "dying water" and "dead water" in an economical and efficient manner.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is to remove nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended solids by using a bio-friendly, toxin removal, decomposability, and purification ability for the purpose of multiplying indigenous microorganisms and eliminating nutritional substance factors It is an object to provide a porous ceramic carrier having a function.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an efficient sewage and sewage treatment process using the porous ceramic carrier.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the bioceramic carrier of the present invention,

Figure 2 shows the denitrification, dephosphorization using the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention,

Figure 3 shows a manufacturing process diagram according to an embodiment of the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention,

Figure 4 shows the installation method of the bio-ceramic carrier prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 5 shows a plan view and a side view showing a method for installing a bio-ceramic carrier prepared in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention in a square truss frame,

FIG. 6 illustrates a method of installing and laying a stainless steel mesh on a steel grating of a bio-ceramic carrier (fluid 5 to 10 mm) prepared according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 shows the nitrogen, phosphorus removal and organic matter treatment process using the bio-ceramic carrier and soil microorganism of the present invention,

8 illustrates a sewage and sewage treatment process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 shows the specific gravity treatment tank constituting the sewage, sewage treatment system of the present invention,

10 shows a biofiltration device constituting the sewage treatment system of the present invention,

11 shows a biocontact oxidation tank constituting the sewage treatment system of the present invention,

12 is a cross-sectional view of the upper media layer of the sewage treatment system of the present invention,

13 is a cross-sectional view of the lower media layer of the sewage treatment system of the present invention,

14 shows a landscape manhole diagram of the sewage and sewage treatment system of the present invention,

15 shows a test apparatus experimented with the bioceramic of the present invention,

Figure 16 shows the degree of removal of suspended solids (SS) according to the experimental example of the present invention,

Figure 17 shows the change in the BOD concentration according to the experimental example of the present invention,

18 shows a change in the COD concentration according to the experimental example of the present invention,

19 shows a change in total nitrogen (T-N) according to the experimental example of the present invention,

20 shows the change in total phosphorus (T-P) according to the experimental example of the present invention.

In order to achieve the object as described above, the present invention provides a bio-ceramic carrier comprising foamed shale and loess.

In addition, the present invention

a) combining foamed shale and loess with additives;

b) extruding the mixture;

c) drying the extrusion molding; And

d) baking after the drying step

It provides a method for producing a bio-ceramic carrier comprising a.

In addition, the present invention

a) a specific gravity treatment tank for installing sewage flowed from the raw water pump tank to settle and separate sedimentary suspended contaminants rising and falling by specific gravity by installing a triple barrier membrane;

b) a biological filtration tank connected to the specific gravity treatment tank to remove the sludge and the overgrown microorganisms by the flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration functions by filling a flowable bio-ceramic carrier; And

c) is connected to the biological filtration tank, there is an acid pipe at the bottom, and the nitrogen, phosphorus removal bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention is filled in the upper part of the tube and dissolved oxygen is supplied to treat nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage. Provided is a sewage and sewage treatment process using a bio-ceramic carrier including a catalytic oxidation tank.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

Native microorganism bio ceramic media of the present invention is a phenomenon that occurs in the expansion of shale and phenomena in which various organic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. are naturally purified by more than 99% by hundreds of thousands of indigenous microorganisms in the soil area covering the earth's surface. Far-infrared rays are based on the photoelectric effect of helping microbial physiology and generating heat energy to decompose harmful substances and to remove green algae and red tide.

Specifically, foaming shale (Gyeseongrisan, Hwacheon-gun, Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do) and ocher, which are natural materials that can highly purify water quality by fixing and activating indigenous and soil microorganisms, and nitrogen and phosphorus are added as components, and high temperature is added. It is a porous microbial culture carrier made by foaming and sintering. It is durable and permanently adheres and detaches microbial membrane on the surface of the carrier, so that aerobic and anaerobic dominant microorganisms coexist, and biologically adsorbs and decomposes the organic matter. It is a functional carrier that removes large amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen.

The ceramic carrier is a monolithic structure, and the microcavities between the single grains are used as passages or reservoirs of air, and ultimately, it is a good habitat for indigenous microorganisms that facilitates microbial activity and growth.

In addition, the random microorganisms involved in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, which is the cause of eutrophication, have a low non-proliferative rate, so that adhesion growth is difficult. When applied to existing wastewater treatment facilities, the treatment efficiency can be expected to be 3 to 5 times higher than the unused facilities, and when the new facility is newly reduced, the area of the aeration tank can be reduced to about one third. It is an economical carrier that can significantly remove nitrogen and phosphorus without additional facilities by the characteristics of the carrier as a medium that can process the treatment efficiency by filling the carrier than before the carrier filling.

As shown in Figure 1, the bio-ceramic carrier is a porous microbial habitat having a high durability and specific surface area made by firing natural expanded shale and loess, which are made by applying a structure of single-grain soil to activate adhesion growth of indigenous microorganisms. As the organic matter and indigenous microorganisms adhere to the surface, the aerobic microbial membrane is formed on the surface of the carrier, which causes nitrification by aerobic digestion, and the anaerobic microbial membrane is formed in the micropores inside, and with denitrification by anaerobic digestion in anaerobic Degassing is achieved by gasification of the carrier, and special components in the carrier are dissolved and ionized to remove phosphorus by mineralizing it, and desorption of microorganisms is accomplished by endogenous breathing and water flow, and acidic water is exchanged to weak alkaline.

On the other hand, the components of the carrier are shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Kinds Main component Far infrared ray forward mortality Composition ratio (%) Effervescent shale SiO ₂ 48%, Al ₂ O ₃ 35%, No ₂ O 0.90-0.96 20 to 40 Ocher SiO ₂ 62%, Al ₂ O ₃ 22%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 4% 0.85-0.92 30 to 50 Dolomite CO ₂ 47.9%, CaO 30%, MgO 21.7% 0.87-0.91 5 to 15 Admixture Fe, CO ₂ , CaO 15 to 20

The present invention also provides a bio-ceramic carrier having a biofilm thickness of 150 to 200 μm.

As described above, in the bioceramic carrier of the present invention, since the internal space is formed as a set of fine gaps between particles by retaining the maximum specific surface area of the carrier, maximizing the environment of indigenous microorganisms and attaching and growing high-density and large-scale microorganisms leads to oxidation and reduction. Due to the non-uniformity of the aerobic biofilm is formed on the surface of the carrier with chemical changes, the anaerobic microbial film inside the thick is formed, miscellaneous organic matter in the sewage is adsorbed and decomposed into inorganic matter, and nitrogen and phosphorus can be removed.

The present invention also provides a bio-ceramic carrier further comprising carbon of an oxidizable organic substrate.

As shown in FIG. 2, the organic nitrogen (Organic-N) or the ammonium nitrogen contained in the wastewater (NH ₄ ^+), nitrite nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-) are when they pass through the soil 5 mm all nitrogen nitrate is do. Since denitrification of acidic nitrogen requires five times as much carbon as nitrogen, denitrification occurs by oxidizing with ammonia by containing carbon of an oxidizable natural organic substrate such as pits in the carrier.

The present invention also provides a bio-ceramic carrier, wherein the bio-ceramic carrier further comprises one selected from the group consisting of Fe, NaO ₃ , CO ₂ , SiO _2, and CaO.

It is fixed by dissolving ocher components (Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , K ⁺ , Na ⁺ ) in the carrier and combining them with H ⁺ and Al ³⁺ to acidify them to absorb phosphoric acid (absorption coefficient of 100 gⓐ over 2300 mg). Fe is added to remove phosphorus by mineralizing the reaction by the reaction of the following reaction.

[Scheme]

Ca ²⁺ , Fe ²⁺ + PO ₄ ^3- → Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , FePO ₄

In addition, the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention is characterized in that the biofilm on the surface and the inside of the carrier is a multi-type, a large amount of microorganisms naturally proliferate to form a stable ecosystem, the sludge is fed by highly native microorganisms and the overgrown biofilm is endogenous breathing and water Desorption by means of a separate desorption facility.

In addition, the present invention provides a bio-ceramic carrier wherein the bio-ceramic carrier is 5 to 10 mm in size and is in fluid phase.

Unlike the flowable media of conventional polyethylene (PE) products, this is a porous, lightweight ceramic carrier that is plastic foamed using shale, which is friendly to indigenous microorganisms, to form a biofilm of high concentration and evenly distributed in the upper and lower parts of the tank with different specific gravity depending on the flow of water. It is a bio-compatible media that adsorbs, decomposes and filters various organic substances in a short time.

These fluidized carriers are spherical, so they can be mass-produced at low cost. They are hydrophilic as pure natural minerals, have very smooth microbial attachment and desorption, and are lightweight, high-strength.

Specifications of the bioceramic carrier of the present invention are shown in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2

material Natural Bio Ceramics Fluid bed media size I type φ150 * 200 Type II φ50 * 50 Type III φ5-10 mm importance 2.7 2.7 1-1.2 burglar 200-250 kg f / cm ² 200-250 kg f / cm ² 150-180 kg f / cm ² Porosity 75-80% 75-80% 85%

Hereinafter, the manufacturing process of the bioceramic carrier of this invention is demonstrated.

As shown in Fig. 3, first, the mixture is combined with 30 to 50% ocher, 20 to 40% effervescent shale, 5 to 15% dolomite, and 10% to 20% admixture. The bioceramic carrier of the present invention can be produced by extrusion molding under a pressure of 0.25 to 0.3 kgf / cm 2, followed by drying and firing at a firing temperature of 1000 to 1300 ° C.

On the other hand, the bio-ceramic carrier prepared according to the present invention can be installed and used as shown in Figure 4, 5 and 6.

In FIG. 4, the prepared bio-ceramic carrier may be stacked to install a predetermined space in a brick stacking manner. This construction method is economical because it is easy to construct and there is no structure. Especially, it can be used for new and expansion, and when it is renovated, it can be stacked on top of it by stopping the operation of the facility and draining water.

5 shows a plan view (left side of the drawing) and a side view (right side of the drawing) provided with another bioceramic carrier manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the present invention. In this method, a stainless steel frame is installed by filling a carrier in a box-type structure of a stainless steel net, and the box is inserted into left and right connecting grooves and fixed in size according to its capacity. This method can be installed under any circumstances, such as new or extended remodeling, and can be operated and installed during the renovation.

6 shows another method of installing the bio-ceramic according to the manufacturing method of the present invention. The flowable bio-ceramic filter media of 5 to 10 m / m is a small, lightweight, porous ceramic support foamed and foamed, and has a merit of being quick and simple because it can be installed with stainless steel on the stall of the reactor.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a sewage treatment process using a bio-ceramic carrier.

Nitrogen and phosphorus treatment process of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7,

a) Specific gravity treatment tank to install sewage from the raw water pump tank to settle and separate the floating contaminants rising and falling by specific gravity by installing triple blocking membrane:

b) There is an acid pipe at the bottom, and the nitrogen, phosphorus-removing bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention is filled on the acid pipe, and dissolved oxygen is supplied to treat the nitrogen and phosphorus of sewage and sewage by nitrification and chemical precipitation, respectively. Oxidation tank:

c) an anaerobic biological filtration tank connected to the contact oxidizing tank and again treating sludge and overgrown microorganisms and inducing a denitrification process.

8 shows an example of a sewage and sewage treatment process using the nitrogen and phosphorus treatment process of the present invention. The process shown in FIG. 8 includes a sedimentation basin, a screen tank, a raw water pump tank, a specific gravity treatment tank 10, a first biological filtration tank 20, a first contact oxidation tank 30, and a second biological filtration tank 40. And the process of the secondary contact oxidation tank 50 and the contact filtration tank 60.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 8, which is a system shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 to 14, which illustrate each treatment tank constituting the system.

First, the sewage flows into the raw water pump tank via the sedimentation tank (installed over 300 m ³ / day) and the screen. Inflow of sewage precipitates the contaminants by the installed partition, and the filtered sewage is transferred to the specific gravity treatment tank by the pump, and the sediment is collected periodically. The raw water pump tank is a precursor of the specific gravity treatment tank, the retention time of the sewage is preferably 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and the odor generated in the raw water pump tank is preferably removed by the indigenous microorganisms at the top.

The specific gravity treatment tank 11 of FIG. 9 is connected to the raw water pump tank, and the floating contaminant blocking film 101, which is a triple blocking film, is installed. The triple barrier membrane acts as a flow control tank to reduce the purification process by adjusting the sediment and sediment suspended and suspended in a short time as the sewage flows at a rapid rate, and to reduce the purification process. In addition, it is a device that prevents the filtration and sedimentation from taking a long time and prevents the sewage of sewage in a short time by flowing into the state as it is not precipitated. In addition, the upper media (103) is installed in the specific gravity treatment tank so that odors of sewage and sewage are not discharged to the outside by a continuous structure of net, carrier, wood, mixed soil, and grass on the steel grid (102). It can be decomposed by microorganisms in the soil zone and deodorizing effect, and suspended sludge can be decomposed, digested and fed by indigenous microorganisms and small animals, and the sludge can be significantly reduced. The precipitated solid material is sent to the sludge thickening tank.

Sewage through the specific gravity treatment tank enters the biotreatment system, which is the secondary treatment of sewage. The biotreatment apparatus is a device in which a fluidized bio-ceramic carrier is filled to remove nitrogen by anaerobic decomposition and denitrification of organic matter and release phosphorus by the bio-ceramic carrier.

10 shows a tunnel type anaerobic tank 21. The introduced sewage comes into contact with the filled microfluidic carrier 201 to adsorb, decompose and filter various organic substances.

The microfluidic carrier is preferably a bio ceramic carrier having a specific gravity of 1 to 1.2 and a size of 5 to 20 mm, and a carrier filling rate of 85 to 90%. In addition, the sewage blocking film 202 and the suspended sludge blocking film 203 are installed to increase the purification efficiency and shorten the treatment time. In the first biological filtration tank, a microfluidic carrier is used to remove nitrogen and release phosphorus by anaerobic decomposition and denitrification of organic matter, and suspended matter and overgrown microorganisms are desorbed by endogenous breathing, and the media layer and the bottom of the tank are desorbed. Will accumulate in the deposition space. When a large amount of sludge accumulates in the filter media layer, the sludge is periodically backwashed in the backwashing pipe 204 to settle into the sludge deposition space 205 in the lower part of the sludge and is drawn by the air transport device.

The primary contact oxidation tank of FIG. 11 is connected to the primary biofiltration tank and is a tunnel-type aerobic tank 31. The structure is an iron lattice 302 on the diffuser 301 at the bottom, and the bio-ceramic carrier 303 is filled thereon, and the upper surfaces 304 and 305 of the contact oxidation bath are installed in the same structure as the specific gravity treatment tank. . The sewage introduced into the first catalytic oxidation tank through anaerobic decomposition and sedimentation through the first to second treatment is brought into contact with the biofilm as it moves through the pores of the bioceramic carrier, and is adsorbed, oxidized, and decomposed by the aerobic microorganism group. Phosphorus ingestion and metabolic reactions also occur. The biofilm formed on the surface of the bio-ceramic carrier is thickened in contact with the sewage and falls off when it is old, so that the pores are clogged. In addition, the lower portion of the contact oxidizing tank makes the sludge collected well to facilitate the drawing and cleaning so that the air movement design load is 0.3 kg / cm ³ .

Sewage taken out from the first catalytic oxidation tank is introduced into the second catalytic oxidation tank again through the second biofiltration tank.

The second biofiltration bath has basically the same structure as the first biofiltration bath of FIG. 10 and can further simplify or further add structure. The second biological filtration tank is a tank in which the final biodegradation of residual organic matter remaining in the treated sewage water is carried out, and can simultaneously perform aggregation, sedimentation, and filtration functions, and maintain a high microbial concentration and reduce the size of the reaction tank. And can eliminate the settling tank.

In particular, it is possible to further remove nitrogen by filling a small bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention and operating in an oxygen-free state. In addition, the sludge between the media layers is easily backed off by the fluidized media media by periodic backwashing, so that the biofilm is stable. Activated sludge is returned to the specific gravity treatment tank to increase the residence time to increase the treatment efficiency, and excess sludge is transferred to the sludge storage tank, and the supernatant water passes through the contact media and is overflowed into the second contact oxidation tank. (BOD 93% or more removed)

The second contact oxidizing tank is a tank for highly removing nitrogen and phosphorus in filthy water. The structure and equipment in the tank are installed in the same manner as the second contact oxidation tank. The material of the contact medium is a bio-ceramic carrier for nitrogen and phosphorus removal having excellent biological degradability. A component in the carrier is oxidized and ionized to cause non-uniformity of redox, so that nitrogen and phosphorus can be mineralized and removed. Activated sludge is transferred to the specific gravity treatment tank through the air feeder, and sludge desorbed by endogenous breathing is transferred to the first contact oxidation tank through the air feeder. The design load of the second contact oxidizing tank is preferably at least 0.1 kg / cm ³ of the maximum BOD volume load, more preferably 0.2 kg / cm ³ of BOD volume load (0.1 kg / cm ^{3 of} cold district).

Sewage taken out from the second contact oxidation tank is moved to a contact filtration tank which serves as a post treatment tank and a disinfection tank.

The lower structure of the contact filtration tank is installed in a structure in which sludge can be collected, and the air cleaning pipe is mounted for maintenance for removing and removing the sludge. The sludge collected here is transferred to the sludge storage tank by using an air lift. The substructure of the contact filtration tank is installed with an iron grid on the diffuser, and then filled with adsorbents such as bamboo charcoal and true charcoal until the soil is coated so that E. coli, Salmonella, and Bacillus bacteria can be sterilized.

The sewage and sewage treatment system using the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention provides a sewage and sewage treatment system further comprising a sludge storage tank connected to the second biofiltration tank. The sludge storage tank stores materials discharged and removed from the biological filtration tank and the settling tank, and the desorption liquid is transported to the first contact oxidation tank, and the excess sludge is carried out to the outside by the sludge treatment apparatus.

The sludge storage tank can be omitted when the daily sewage treatment capacity is 200 m ³ / day or less. The effective capacity is preferably designed to a suitable capacity in consideration of the inflow sludge amount and the sludge export plan.

The supernatant water generated in the sludge storage tank has a structure that can be returned to the primary contact oxidation tank for reprocessing, and the stored sludge is concentrated and dehydrated by a multi-plate outer cylindrical sludge treatment device and then fermented in a vacuum fermentation chamber at high speed. The fermented sludge can be used as a soil improver.

The present invention also provides a sewage and sewage treatment system using a bio-ceramic carrier, wherein the sewage and sewage treatment system is connected to the sludge storage tank, and further comprising a device for vacuum fermenting excess sludge into organic fertilizer.

Each tank constituting the sewage and sewage treatment system using the bioceramic carrier of the present invention may form the upper structure of FIG. 12 and the lower structure of FIG. 13. The upper media layer of FIG. 12 is composed of litter (100-150 m / m) (1), carrier (25 m / m) (2), mesh (3-5 mm) (3), neck piece (bark) on an iron grid ( 4), and covering the mixed soil (ventilated soil) and planting grass to prevent the erosion of the soil during the rainy season, to devise an environment that can grow and support the activities and movement of indigenous microorganisms, protozoa, and soil small animals. Therefore, it absorbs and decomposes hard-decomposable organic substances and odors contained in the sewage and treats them simply with inorganic substances.The floating sludge is decomposed and fed by indigenous microorganisms and small animals to prevent scum and sludge. It is coated with (4), so that there is no change in water temperature in winter, and it can get stable sewage treatment water. The blended soil is preferably to adjust the ratio of the soil on the site to investigate and analyze.

In addition, the surface can be planted to create a beautiful landscape.

In addition, the lower structure of each tank, as shown in Figure 13, by installing a steel grid, the sludge deposition space (1) at the bottom, the diffuser (2), backwash pipe (3) and sedimentary sludge drawing pipe (4) ) To prevent decay due to sludge deposition.

In addition, each tank constituting the sewage and sewage treatment system using the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention preferably further includes the upper structure of FIG. 12 and the upper structure of the landscape manhole of FIG. 14. The landscaping manhole of Figure 14 removes the smell coming from the manhole gap, and the lower part of the manhole cover by using a filter (1) → perlite (2) → mixed soil incense (3) and planting the landscaping plants by the Oh, sewage treatment facility The entire upper part was designed as a pleasant park space without visible protrusion of the structure.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail. However, the following examples are only presented to better understand the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

40% ocher, 30% effervescent shale (Gyeseong-ri, Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do), 10% dolomite, 20% admixture. The bioceramic carrier of the present invention was prepared by extrusion molding under a pressure of 0.3 kgf / cm 2, followed by drying and firing at a firing temperature of 1100 ° C.

Experimental Example

1. Experiment apparatus

In order to evaluate the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance of the developed media, an experimental apparatus such as FIG. 15 was devised and operated for 3 months. The material of each treatment tank is 10 m / m thick clear acrylic and the effective volume is about 20 L per tank.

2. Experimental conditions

To compare the performance of the designed treatment tank, two identical experimental devices were fabricated, and the control group was operated by filling the existing ceramic (H) media currently used for biological wastewater treatment, and the experimental group by filling the NP-removing bio-ceramic carrier developed in the present invention. It was. Other experimental conditions related to the operation are shown in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3

Control Experimental group Ashes Ceramic Media (HICEM) N.P removal bioceramic carrier (ocher media + foaming shale + absence) Aerobic Filter media, diffuser box, Anaerobic Article 1, 2 Only filling the media Yu can Domestic sewage (average BOD 112.6 ppm) Aeration Aerobic volume aeration: 0.042 ㎥ / h Residence time Sewage retention time, 24 hours; 4 day total stay

After the experiment under the same conditions as shown in the following quantitative analysis and results.

1. Quantitative Analysis

Ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphate phosphorus and total phosphorus in the effluent before and after entering the reactor to measure the degree of denitrification and dephosphorization were analyzed according to the standard method (APAH, 1995). The concentration was measured using a standard calibration curve obtained from a standard sample prepared from a substance having a known concentration.

A) ammonia nitrogen

Quantitative analysis using the Phenate method. 0.4 mL of phenol solution, 0.4 mL of sodium nitroprusside solution, and 1.0 mL of oxidizing agent were added to 10 mL of the sample, and the resultant was developed at a place where light was blocked for about 1 hour. At this time, ammonia was reacted with sodium nitrofurside under the catalyst of hypochlorite and phenol to form a blue indophenol, which was measured with a 640 nm spectrophotometer.

B) nitrous acid nitrogen

Quantitative analysis was performed using the calometric method, and 50 mL of the sample was first calibrated with HCl or NaOH so that the pH was between 5-9. 1 mL of N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenedia mine dihydrochloride (NED) reagent was added to the calibrated sample, followed by color development for 10 minutes, and spectrophotometer within 2 hours. Absorbance was measured at 543 nm using.

C) nitrate nitrogen

Quantitative analysis was done using the UV-spectrophotometric screening method. The pH of the sample was adjusted to 2 to 3 by adding 1 N HCl solution to 25 mL of the sample, and then absorbance at 220 nm and 275 nm was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The measured values were substituted into the formula of A 220 nm-2 (A 275 nm) and calculated to quantitatively analyze the actual concentration of nitrate nitrogen.

D) total nitrogen

Persulfate method was used to quantitatively analyze all of the nitrogen in the sample by nitrate oxidation. After adding 5 mL of digestion reagent per mL of sample and heating for 30 minutes in an autoclave, the nitrogen component of the sample was oxidized in the form of nitrate.

E) Phosphate Phosphorus

Quantitative analysis was carried out using the Stannous chloride method. When 20 mL of sample is added 1 mL of molybdate reagent and 2 drops of Stannews chloride reagent, the Stannews chloride reagent reacts with the phosphate phosphorus in the sample, producing a blue precipitate. Quantification was performed using a visible spectrophotometer. At this time, since the color reaction was different according to temperature and time, absorbance was measured between 10 and 12 minutes after adding Stannian chloride reagent at room temperature.

F) general

Quantitative analysis was performed using the Persulfate digestion method. A drop of phenolphthalein indicator was added to 50 mL of the sample, and when the red color appeared, H ₂ SO ₄ solution was added to be colorless, and then 1 mL of H ₂ SO ₄ solution was further added. 0.5 g of potassium persulfate was added thereto, followed by heating and digestion in an autoclave for 30 minutes to oxidize all the phosphates in the sample to form phosphate. .

G) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

The BOD is measured by placing samples in three BOD bottles and measuring the initial dissolved oxygen (DO initial) in one of them using the azide modification method. After 5 days of incubation, the final dissolved oxygen (DO final) was measured, and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was determined from the difference between the initial dissolved oxygen and the final dissolved oxygen. In the azide modification method, add 1 mL of manganous sulfate solution and an alkali-iodide-azide reagent to each sample in a BOD bottle, and shake. When a brown precipitate formed, which was settled halfway, 1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid solution was added and shaken to dissolve completely. 200 mL of this sample was poured into another flask and a few drops of starch solution were added with the indicator. A blue color appeared, which was titrated until it became colorless with a thiosulfate titrant, and the amount of titrant used was the amount of dissolved oxygen in the sample (mg / L).

I) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

It is defined as the amount of oxygen consumed when chemically oxidizing organic matter in water and is expressed in mg / L. In this experiment, open reflux method is used. The method is as follows. First, 50 mL of sample was placed in a 500 mL refluxing flask, 1 g of mercuric sulfate was added, and 5 mL of sulfuric acid reagent was slowly added thereto. After cooling, 25 mL of potassium dichromate solution was added, 70 mL of sulfuric acid reagent was added, condenser open at the end, and boiled in a heater for 2 hours. After heating, cool down, add ferroin indicator (0.15 mL), and titrate with ferrous ammonium sulfate (FAS) titrant.The amount of titrant consumed at this time is substituted into the formula below to calculate the chemical oxygen demand ( mg / L).

[formula]

Chemical oxygen demand = (the amount of FAS used in the ground test-the amount of FAS used in the sample) 몰 molar concentration of FAS ⅹ 8000 (conversion factor) / volume of sample (mL)

Suspended matter (SS)

First, distilled water was filtered through a filter paper (glass fiber filter, 90 mm dia., 0.7 um pore size) to be used, and then dried in a drier at 103 to 105 ° C. for some time, cooled in a sulfuric acid desiccator, and weighed. Then, a certain amount of the sample was filtered with a filter paper, it was dried in a dryer for a certain time and weighed according to the previous method. The amount of suspended solids (mg / L) was measured from the difference between the weight of the filter paper after the filtration and the weight of the filter paper before the filtration.

Experiment result

1. From comparative analysis of effluent inflow, SS, BOD, and COD showed similar removal rate over 90% in both control and experimental groups. Therefore, it is judged that the N.P removal bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention has the ability to remove particulate or dissolved organic matter at a level similar to that of conventional ceramic (H) media (FIGS. 16, 17, and 18). In Figs. 16, 17, and 18, in the case of inflow water, ● represents the effluent of the control group, ○ represents the effluent of the experimental group.

2. In case of nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen were all analyzed, but this was to track nitrification and denitrification in the reactor. Due to the nature of the sewage used in the experiment, most of the nitrogen appeared as ammonia nitrogen in the influent (represented by ■ in Fig. 19), but the nitrogen form of the effluent appeared as nitrate, nitrite, ammonia salt, showing that nitrification and denitrification occurred smoothly. gave. The total nitrogen of the influent was 35.3 ppm on average, but through nitrification and denitrification, the total nitrogen of the final effluent was 14.5 ppm and 6.7 ppm in the control group (indicated by ● in Fig. 19) and the experimental group (indicated by ○ in Fig. 19), respectively. appear. From these results, it is determined that the N.P removal bioceramic of the present invention improves the total nitrogen removal rate by 22.3% compared to the case of using the ceramic (H) media (FIG. 19).

3. In the case of total phosphorus, the use of the N.P removal bio-ceramic of the present invention showed a much improved result compared to the ceramic (H) media (Fig. 20). The removal rate of the control group (represented by ● in the control group (Fig. 20)) and the experimental group (represented by ○ in Fig. 20) from the influent (expressed with ■ in Fig. 20) having an average concentration of 3.53 ppm was 43.3% and 94.9%, respectively. The difference is more than twice. These results show that the removal of phosphorus effectively occurs in bioceramic for N.P removal unlike the control group used as the conventional ceramic (H) media.

Table 4 below shows the experimental results.

TABLE 4

Analysis item Average Influent Concentration (mg / L) Average runoff concentration (mg / L) Average removal rate (%) Control Experimental group Control Experimental group Suspended solids 59.7 3.8 3.7 93.7 ± 1.4 95.1 ± 1.5 BOD 112.6 9.7 7.5 91.4 ± 1.4 93.3 ± 0.2 CODCr 197.6 19.2 15.4 90.3 ± 0.2 92.2 ± 0.4 Total nitrogen 35.3 14.5 6.7 58.7 ± 4.8 81.0 ± 0.8 A total person 3.35 1.90 0.17 43.3 ± 5.4 94.9 ± 0.2

Example 2

The sewage and sewage treatment system according to the present invention was devised and applied to the site as shown in FIG.

TABLE 5

Example 2 1st, 2nd contact oxidation tank Bioceramic carrier, diffuser installation First and second biological filtration tanks Flexible bio-ceramic carrier, backwash tube installation Influent Household sewage (average BOD 12 ppm) Aeration Aerobic volume aeration: 0.042 m ³ / h Residence time Sewage stay time, 24 hours: Total residence time 48 hours

TABLE 6

Item Condition Carrier filling rate 85-90% F / M ratio 0.2 -0.6 kg BOD / KG, MLSS, day BOD volume load 0.1-0.35kgBOD / m ³ , day MLSS 1,000-5,000 mg / L Raw water pump tank 0.3-0.5 hr Specific gravity treatment tank 12-24 hr Biological filtration tank 6-8 hr Contact Oxidation Tank 8-10 hr Contact Filtration Tank 5-8 hr

The results of applying the sewage and sewage treatment system according to the present invention to the field by Example 2 are shown in Tables 7 and 8 below.

TABLE 7

division Treatment water quality Throughput% inflow outflow BOD 210 5.0 97.6 COD 490 31.0 93.7 Suspended solids 190 2.5 98.6 Demass 49 5.74 88.2 Dephosphorization 10 0.45 95.5 Escherichia coli 3.2 x 10 ⁸ 8.0 x 10 ² 99.9

TABLE 8

division Treatment water quality Throughput% inflow outflow BOD 98 2.3 98 COD 113 5.0 95 Suspended solids 81 1.1 99 Demass 49 7.3 85 Dephosphorization 10 0.21 98 General bacteria (FU / 100 ml) 1.94 x 10 ⁷ 1.39 x 10 ⁴ 99.93 Escherichia coli (FU / 100 ml) 6.00 x 10 ⁸ 1.7 x 10 ⁵ 99.97

As a result of applying the sewage treatment system of the present invention to the field in Table 7 and Table 8, it can be seen that the treatment rate for each analysis item does not show a significant difference from the result of Table 3 indicating laboratory conditions.

In addition, whether or not the required facilities for each process of the sewage and sewage treatment system and the existing sewage and sewage treatment system of the present invention (Table 9) and economic efficiency (Table 10) was compared below.

TABLE 9

division Activated Sludge Method Catalytic oxidation Example 2 Settlement need need Unnecessary Flow adjustment tank need need Unnecessary Minimum settling need need need Aeration tank (required area) Needed Needed need Final settlement Needed Needed Unnecessary Thickener Needed Needed Unnecessary (200 m ³ or less) Concentrated Storage Tank Needed Needed Unnecessary Digester need need Unnecessary Dehydration Facility need need Unnecessary (500 m ³ / day or less) Chemical input facility Needed Needed Unnecessary Advanced treatment (3rd) (precipitation, flocculation, nitrogen, phosphorus removal) need need Unnecessary

TABLE 10

division Activated Sludge Method Catalytic oxidation Example 2 Facility fee Big. usually little Maintenance fee 80-90% 70% 50% less than Sludge generation 75-85% 50-60% 40-50% Power consumption 80-90% 70% 50-60% or less Sludge Fertilizer impossible impossible possible stink Occur Occur Does not occur

Table 11 below compares the sewage treatment system of the present invention with the conventional standard activated sludge method.

TABLE 11

Item Example 2 Standard Activated Sludge Method Type of bacteria Soil effective microorganisms Aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria Processing temperature 5-50 ℃ About 7-20 ℃ Volumetric load little Big High Wastewater (T-N, T-P) Advanced materials such as denitrification and dephosphorization with media developed without separate devices Advanced processing facility required management Easy handling and easy management Multiple technicians required for management Treated Water Sterilization Unnecessary need Sludge generated Low (reduces predation and degradation by effective microbes and protozoa) High yield and poor dehydration rate Odor occurrence and scattering of pathogens We do not occur (we break down by soil effective bacteria) Occur Site little Big Deodorization Facility Unnecessary need stability high low Power cost Low: 1/2 level of perforation method because there are few machines and facilities and the control system is operated automatically many Facility investment little many

According to Table 9, Table 10, and Table 11, the sewage and sewage treatment system of the present invention, by applying the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention, highly treats nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., which cause green algae, without a separate device, Odor is naturally decomposed by aerobic microorganisms in soil bacteria, so no separate deodorizer is required, and no odor, mosquito, flies and other harmful pathogens and insects are generated.

In addition, the operating cost of maintenance is low due to the low amount of machinery and sludge generated, and after 5 ~ 6 years of installation, investment cost can be recovered due to the reduction of management cost. The advantage is that no facility, nitrogen and phosphorus removal facilities are needed.

Bioceramic carriers using effervescent shale and loess that are friendly to indigenous effective microorganisms provided in the present invention can remove more than 95% of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, and suspended solids by the component, and the decomposition rate of the hardly decomposable substance is also high. In addition, raw material production, manufacturing and processing can be simplified, so the production cost of manufacturing is low, and thus, the effect of increasing exports with import substitution effect and price competitiveness can be obtained.

And, the main ingredient is a natural product, hydrophilic, unlike chemical products, there is no adhesion of dirt by static electricity, and the heat capacity is large, so the growth environment of microorganisms is good, it promotes adhesion propagation, and it is durable with high strength and is durable with other products such as vinyl chloride. Unlike other ceramic products, it is environmentally friendly because it does not need to be treated with physicochemical treatment, and it does not cause clogging or clogging of the phase, and there is a wide variety of microorganisms in the treatment tank. It is possible to maintain stable processing performance even with fluctuations in quantity. The surface of the material is the most suitable environment for aerobic bacteria, and because the micro space inside is a good habitat for anaerobic bacteria, not only can you obtain excellent treatment water quality due to coexistence but also has a large specific surface area and volume porosity. The large contact area can maintain a high concentration of microorganisms, and the thickened biofilms are easy to maintain because they settle off by water flow and endogenous breathing.

In addition, the sewage and sewage treatment system using the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention has a simple structure and a reduction in facility cost, and can bring about an advanced treatment effect without installing a third advanced treatment facility, and the discharged water quality is 7 mg based on BOD. Guaranteed to be less than / L, which can lead to innovative environmental conservation. In addition, through the sewage and sewage treatment system using the bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention, it is possible to remove more than 85% of nitrogen contained in sewage and sewage, and also to remove up to 95% of phosphorus. And preventing the spread of pathogens.

Claims (11)

Nitrogen, phosphorus removal bio-ceramic carrier comprising a foamed shale and loess. The bioceramic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the bioceramic carrier has a thickness of 150 to 200 µm. The bioceramic carrier of claim 1, wherein the bioceramic carrier further comprises carbon of an oxidizable organic substrate. The bioceramic carrier of claim 1, wherein the bioceramic carrier further comprises one selected from the group consisting of Fe, NaO ₃ , CO ₂ , SiO _2, and CaO. The bioceramic carrier of claim 1, wherein the bioceramic carrier is 5-10 mm in size and fluidized. a) combining foamed shale and loess with additives; b) extruding the mixture; c) drying the extrusion molding; And d) baking after the drying step Method for producing a bio-ceramic carrier comprising a. The method of claim 6, wherein the extrusion pressure is 0.25 to 0.3 kgf / cm 2 and the molding temperature is 1000 to 1300 ° C. 8. a) a specific gravity treatment tank for installing sewage flowed from the raw water pump tank to settle and separate the floating contaminants rising and falling by specific gravity by installing a triple barrier membrane; b) a biological filtration tank connected to the specific gravity treatment tank to remove the sludge and the overgrown microorganisms by the flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration functions by filling a flowable bio-ceramic carrier; And c) is connected to the biological filtration tank, there is an acid pipe at the bottom, and the nitrogen, phosphorus removal bio-ceramic carrier of the present invention is filled in the upper part of the tube and dissolved oxygen is supplied to treat nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage. Contact oxidizing tank; Sewage treatment process using a bio-ceramic carrier comprising a. According to claim 8, wherein at least one tank selected from the group consisting of the raw water pump tank, the specific gravity treatment tank, the biological filtration tank and the contact oxidation tank is placed on top of the steel grating (Steel Grating), the crushed stone, bio Sewage treatment process filled with media including ceramic carrier, wood chips and blended soil. 9. The tank according to claim 8, wherein at least one tank selected from the group consisting of the raw water pump tank, the specific gravity treatment tank, the biological filtration tank, and the contact oxidation tank is provided with an acid pipe and a backwash pipe, and a rostol is placed on the acid pipe. Arrangement, and the sewage treatment process, characterized in that the filling of the carrier for the microbial activity and nitrogen, the phosphorus removal on top of the iron lattice. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the upper portion of the at least one tank selected from the group consisting of the raw water pump tank, the specific gravity treatment tank, the biological filtration tank, and the catalytic oxidation tank removes the odor generated in the manhole gap, and the ferrite and the blended soil are disposed on the lower filter. Sewage treatment process characterized in that it comprises a landscaping manhole that can be arranged in sequence and planting the landscape plants.