KR101104471B1 - CPU Frequency Selection Device And Method Thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for selecting a CPU frequency for effective CPU (Central Processing Unit) overclocking, and more particularly, to constantly increase the CPU frequency while maintaining the CPU voltage and repeatedly performing stability checks. The present invention relates to a CPU frequency selector and a method for improving performance and energy-efficient CPU overclocking by selecting the highest performance CPU frequency to ensure stability in a system environment.

CPU frequency, overclocking, stability

Description

CPU Frequency Selection Device And Method Thereof

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for selecting a CPU frequency for effective CPU (Central Processing Unit) overclocking, and more particularly, to constantly increase the CPU frequency while maintaining the CPU voltage and repeatedly performing stability checks. The present invention relates to a CPU frequency selector and a method for improving performance and energy-efficient CPU overclocking by selecting the highest performance CPU frequency to ensure stability in a system environment.

Microprocessor refers to a processing unit consisting of super-scale integrated circuits in which a control unit which not only systematically executes operations in a predetermined order but also provides a control signal to each device of a computer is integrated in one small silicon chip. In addition to the operating system (Oprating system) to form a microprocessor system for the execution and processing of various programs.

In general, microprocessors aim to design systems that can improve performance while minimizing energy / power consumption.

However, due to the development of semiconductor technology, many devices such as arithmetic logic operators, registers, program counters, and decoders are integrated in a single microprocessor chip, which increases performance and energy / power consumption.

In other words, in the design of the microprocessor system, the relationship between energy / power and performance is proportional, and thus, energy / power consumption is inevitably required to increase performance. Therefore, trade-off of energy / power consumption is required to increase performance. -off) relationship.

Recently, commercial microprocessors are focusing on energy efficiency as well as performance.

Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling techniques (hereinafter referred to as "DVFS") are being used as a representative method for improving energy efficiency.

DVFS technology is a technology in which the power consumption of the processor (CPU) is proportional to the frequency and reduces the operating voltage of the processor, thereby reducing the driving voltage in proportion to the microprocessor and its frequency. This technology adjusts power consumption of peripheral circuits.

The DVFS technology is widely used in microprocessor design, which reduces power and energy of the processor, and does not reduce energy of the entire commercial computer system in which the processor is installed. Therefore, there is a problem in fundamental energy efficiency.

In addition, there is a problem that a serious performance degradation may occur in the process of lowering the voltage and clock frequency to reduce the energy of the processor.

Despite the interest and research to improve the energy efficiency as described above, the general users who use the computer are interested in performance rather than energy efficiency. This is because desktop computers are less sensitive to power or energy, and applications used in desktops often target high performance rather than low power.

Thus, users of computers are more interested in CPU overclocking, which can increase performance at no additional cost, instead of purchasing high-performance computer components at an additional cost to increase the performance of the computer.

Here, overclocking refers to a technology that improves the performance of a computer by forcibly operating a computer component at a higher clock speed than a manufacturer designed value.

In general, computer component manufacturers cannot manufacture components with the exact same performance when manufacturing CPUs, RAM, motherboards, etc., due to process variations.

As a result, for the safety of the components, manufacturers actually make the products with higher performance to ensure the performance described in the market specifications.

Therefore, the manufacturer can increase the performance of the product by forcibly lowering the performance, but if overclocking excessively, as well as the increase in energy, as well as the failure and life of the hardware can lead to a performance improvement at the same time There is an urgent need for measures to secure stability.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to increase the CPU frequency by a predetermined value while maintaining a constant CPU supply voltage, and then repeat the stability test. The present invention provides a CPU frequency selecting device and a method for selecting an optimal CPU frequency guaranteed.

In order to achieve the above object, the CPU frequency selection device according to the present invention receives CPU frequency information from a CPU and increases or decreases the frequency by a predetermined frequency value. And a frequency extracting module configured to select an optimal CPU frequency by controlling the stability checking module and the stability checking module and the frequency amplifying module.

The frequency extracting module performs upscaling to repeat the process of checking the stability of the stability check module by increasing the frequency adjusting module by an increase frequency value ΔF with respect to the input CPU host frequency until a stability problem occurs. If the stability problem occurs in the upscaling, it is characterized in that the frequency increased by upscaling before the stability problem occurs as the CPU host frequency.

The frequency extracting module may repeat the process of checking the stability of the stability check module by increasing the frequency adjusting module by an increase frequency value ΔF with respect to the input CPU host frequency until a stability problem occurs. When stability and scaling problems occur in scaling and upscaling, the frequency adjustment module decreases the decrease frequency value (ΔF _D ) set to a value smaller than the increase frequency value (ΔF) so that the stability test module checks the stability. It is characterized by selecting the CPU host frequency by controlling the upscaling to be repeated until the stability problem does not occur.

Here, the increase frequency value ΔF may be set between 0.5 and 2% of the input CPU host frequency.

The frequency extracting module is configured to reduce the frequency value Δ when the stability problem occurs again after one downscaling when the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF. By controlling the downscaling until there is no stability problem with an additional decreasing frequency value ΔF _D2 set to a value less than 1/2 of F _D ), the additional decreasing frequency value ΔF _U when there is no stability problem Select the downscaled frequency as a CPU host frequency.

In addition, the frequency extracting module decreases the reduction frequency when ΔF _D is set to a value equal to 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF after one downscaling does not cause stability again. Upscaling until the stability problem occurs with an additional increasing frequency value ΔF _U set to a value less than half of the frequency value ΔF _D , so that the additional increasing frequency value Δ before the stability problem occurs. F _U ), the upscaled frequency is selected as the CPU host frequency.

The frequency extracting module performs downscaling until the stability problem does not occur when the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value less than 1/2 of the increase frequency value ΔF, and the stability If the problem does not occur, the upscaling is controlled until the stability problem occurs with an additional increase frequency value ΔF _u set to a value less than 1/2 of the decrease frequency value ΔF _D. The frequency upscaled to the additional incremental frequency value ΔF _U before generation is selected as the CPU host frequency.

On the other hand, the CPU frequency selection method according to the present invention is to increase the frequency control module by the increase frequency value (ΔF) with respect to the input CPU host frequency until the stability problem occurs the process of the stability check module to check the stability When the stability problem occurs in the upscaling step and the upscaling step repeatedly, the frequency control module decreases the decreasing frequency value ΔF _D set to a value smaller than the increasing frequency value ΔF so that the stability test module The downscaling step of repeatedly performing the process of checking the stability until there is no stability problem, and selecting the downscaled frequency as the ΔF _D as the CPU host frequency when there is no stability problem in the downscaling step Characterized in that it comprises a step.

Here, when the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF, the frequency extraction module may reduce the decrease when the stability problem occurs again after performing the downscaling once. With the additional decreasing frequency value ΔF _D2 set to a value less than 1/2 of the frequency value ΔF _D , the downscaling is controlled until there is no stability problem, so that the additional decreasing frequency value without the stability problem A frequency downscaled to _{ΔF D2} is selected as the CPU host frequency.

If the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF, the frequency extraction module may reduce the decrease if the stability problem does not occur after performing the downscaling once. Upscaling until the stability problem occurs with an additional increasing frequency value _{ΔF U2} set to a value less than 1/2 of the frequency value ΔF _D , so that the additional increasing frequency value Δ before the stability problem occurs. F _U2 ) to select the upscaled frequency as the CPU host frequency.

Further, when the decreasing frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value less than 1/2 of the increasing frequency value ΔF, the downscaling is repeatedly performed until no stability problem occurs, and frequency extraction is performed. If the stability problem does not occur, the module controls upscaling until the stability problem occurs with an additional increase frequency value _{ΔF u2} set to a value less than 1/2 of the decrease frequency value ΔF _D , Before the stability problem occurs, the frequency upscaled to the additional incremental frequency value _{ΔF U2} is selected as the CPU host frequency.

And successively adding additional continuous increasing frequency values ( _{ΔF u3, ΔF u4} ,..., _{ΔF uN} ) set to values smaller than the additional increasing frequency value _{ΔF u2} and the additional decreasing frequency value ΔF _D2 . And selecting the CPU host frequency by repeating upscaling or downscaling with decreasing frequency values DELTA F _D3, DELTA F _D4 ,..., DELTA F _DN .

In the present invention, an effective overclocking method considering energy efficiency is proposed. In the experiment with the CPU overclocking according to the present invention, the execution time was reduced by 17%, and the total computer system energy was reduced by 5% and the EDP was reduced by 22%.

This proved that effective CPU overclocking with energy efficiency can be achieved by increasing the CPU clock frequency while maintaining the same supply voltage. As a result, the two objectives of improving trade-offs and reducing energy were simultaneously achieved.

In addition, it is possible to set the highest performance CPU frequency that ensures stability through the CPU frequency selector, and to avoid concerns about system malfunction, hardware failure, and shortened life when CPU overclocking. By finding the best performance in the system environment, you get the outstanding effect of the most efficient CPU overclocking.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a graph illustrating a voltage-frequency relationship for CPU overclocking according to the present invention.

With the latest CPUs, there is an ever-increasing tolerance to improve the performance described in the product specification. You can even increase the clock frequency without raising the CPU supply voltage.

The power of the CPU is proportional to the square of the CPU supply voltage and the clock frequency. If the clock frequency is increased without increasing the CPU supply voltage, the stability of the hardware may be degraded and the life of the component may be shortened.

However, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the CPU clock frequency can be increased to a certain level from the product specification even without increasing the CPU supply voltage.

If the clock frequency can be raised above a certain value without increasing the CPU supply voltage within the stability problem, the total energy consumption can be reduced by saving energy due to shortening the execution time rather than increasing the energy consumption by increasing the clock frequency. have.

2 is a system configuration diagram schematically showing an apparatus for selecting a CPU frequency for CPU overclocking according to the present invention.

2, the CPU frequency selection device 20 according to the present invention receives the CPU frequency information from the CPU 10 by the frequency adjustment module 210 and the frequency adjustment module to increase or decrease by a set frequency value; It may include a stability check module 220 for checking the stability of the increased or decreased CPU frequency and a CPU frequency extraction module 230 for selecting the optimum CPU frequency for controlling the stability check module and the frequency amplification module. .

Hereinafter, a CPU frequency selection method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

According to the present invention, an upscaling step of repeatedly performing the process of checking the stability by the stability control module by increasing the frequency adjusting module by an increase frequency value ΔF with respect to the input CPU host frequency until a stability problem occurs When the stability problem occurs in the upscaling and the frequency control module decreases by the decrease frequency value (ΔF _D ) set to a value smaller than the increase frequency value (ΔF), the stability checking module checks the stability of the process. The CPU host frequency can be selected by repeatedly downscaling until there are no problems.

Here, if the reduction frequency value ΔF _D set in the downscaling step is small, downscaling is performed until there is no stability problem, and the frequency downscaled to the reduction frequency value ΔF _D is converted into a CPU host frequency. You can choose.

However, when the reduction frequency value ΔF _D is large, it may be difficult to select an optimal CPU host frequency due to a large interval.

Therefore, after the downscaling step, down to the additional decreasing frequency values ΔF _D2 to ΔF _DN and the additional increasing frequency values _{ΔF U2} to ΔF _UN set to values smaller than the decreasing frequency value ΔF _D. By scaling or upscaling repeatedly, the optimal CPU host frequency can be selected.

In the following embodiments, the increase frequency value ΔF is 10 MHz, the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is 5 MHz, and the additional decrease frequency value ΔF _D2 and the additional increase frequency value _{ΔF U2} are 1 MHz. The frequency selection method for the case of will be described.

3 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a CPU frequency selection method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, a CPU frequency selector connected to a CPU receives frequency information including a CPU host frequency and a CPU clock ratio from the CPU (S110).

The frequency adjusting module of the CPU frequency selecting device increases the CPU host frequency (F + ΔF) by the increase frequency value DELTA F set in the input CPU host frequency F. For example, when the increase frequency value ΔF is 10 MHz, the frequency amplification module increases 10 MHz to the CPU host frequency.

Here, the increase frequency value ΔF is a value that can be variably set according to a system environment or CPU performance, and when the increase frequency value ΔF is too large, it is difficult to accurately select an optimal CPU frequency and is too small. Since the repetition frequency of the stability check may increase excessively, it is preferable to set the increase frequency value ΔF within the range of 0.5 to 2% of the input CPU host frequency.

If the frequency is increased as described above, the stability check module checks whether the increased CPU frequency (= CPU host frequency × CPU clock multiple) is stable (S120).

The stability test module is equipped with a stability test program such as Prime 2004, Gold Memory, etc., which checks stability by giving a maximum overload to the CPU and memory to check the stability of the increased CPU frequency. Here, the stability test program is a known program, so it will be apparent to those skilled in the art having ordinary knowledge in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

If there is no problem as a result of the stability test, the increase frequency value DELTA F is increased (F + 2ΔF) to the increased CPU host frequency again, and the steps S120 and S130 are repeated.

Repeat the stability test process by increasing △ F as described above, and if a problem occurs as a result of the Nth stability test, the decrease frequency value (△ F _D is set to 1/2 △ F at the last increased frequency (F + N △ F). If it is assumed that the CPU host frequency is reduced by 5MHz (F + N ΔF-ΔF _D ) (S140).

The stability check module performs a stability check on the reduced CPU host frequency to determine whether there is a stability problem.

Here, two routes are separated for the case where there is a problem in the stability check and when there is no problem.

First, if there is a problem during the stability check, decrease the CPU host frequency by an additional decrease frequency value (1 MHz assuming that ΔF _D2 is set to 1 / 10ΔF) (F + NΔF-ΔF _D- △ F _D2 ) (S160).

Subsequently, the stability test is performed again (S170).

If there is a problem again as a result of the stability check, the steps S160 and S170 are repeated, and if there is no problem as a result of the stability check, the corresponding CPU host frequency is selected as the optimum frequency (S180).

Here, the procedure may further include a step of repeating the stability check while increasing the frequency to a scale smaller than 1 / 10ΔF to increase the accuracy.

If there is no problem in the stability check in step S150, the CPU host frequency is increased (F + NΔF-1 / 2ΔF + _{ΔF U2} ) by an additional increase frequency value (ΔF _U2 ).

Subsequently, the stability test is performed again (S270).

If there is no problem again as a result of the stability check, repeat steps S160 and S170, and if there is a problem as a result of the stability check, select the immediately previous CPU host frequency as the optimal frequency (S180).

Here, in order to increase the accuracy, the continuous additional increase frequency value ( _{ΔF u3, ΔF u4} ,..., _{ΔF uN} ) on the scale smaller than _{ΔF D2} or ΔF _U2 , or the continuous additional decrease frequency value (ΔF _D3, ΔF _D4 ,..., ΔF _DN ) may further include upscaling or downscaling by increasing or decreasing the frequency.

Through the above process, it is possible to select an optimal CPU frequency that can exhibit optimal performance under conditions that do not affect stability while maintaining the CPU voltage.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

1 is a graph illustrating a voltage-frequency relationship for CPU overclocking according to the present invention.

2 is a system configuration diagram schematically showing an apparatus for selecting a CPU frequency for CPU overclocking according to the present invention.

3 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a CPU frequency selection method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (12)

delete A frequency adjusting module which receives CPU frequency information from the CPU and increases or decreases the frequency by a predetermined frequency value; A stability check module that checks the stability of the CPU frequency increased or decreased by the frequency adjusting module; And And a frequency extracting module configured to select an optimum CPU frequency by controlling the stability checking module and the frequency adjusting module. The frequency extraction module To control the upscaling that the frequency adjustment module is increased by an increase frequency value (ΔF) with respect to the input CPU host frequency by repeatedly performing the process of checking the stability until the stability problem occurs,  When the stability problem occurs in the upscaling, the frequency increased by upscaling before the stability problem occurs is selected as the CPU host frequency. And said incremental frequency value [Delta] F is set between 0.5 and 2% of the input CPU host frequency. A frequency adjusting module which receives CPU frequency information from the CPU and increases or decreases the frequency by a predetermined frequency value; A stability check module that checks the stability of the CPU frequency increased or decreased by the frequency adjusting module; And And a frequency extracting module configured to select an optimum CPU frequency by controlling the stability checking module and the frequency adjusting module. The frequency extraction module Upscaling the frequency adjustment module by an increase frequency value (ΔF) with respect to an input CPU host frequency to repeat the process of checking the stability until a stability problem occurs; When the stability problem occurs in the upscaling, the frequency control module decreases the decrease frequency value ΔF _D set to a value smaller than the increase frequency value ΔF so that the stability check module checks the stability. Selects the CPU host frequency by controlling upscaling to iterate until it does not occur, And said incremental frequency value [Delta] F is set between 0.5 and 2% of the input CPU host frequency. delete The method of claim 3, The frequency extraction module When the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF, when stability problem occurs again after one downscaling With further reduction frequency value ΔF _D2 set to a value less than 1/2 of the reduction frequency value ΔF _D , the downscaling is controlled until there is no stability problem, thereby further reduction in the absence of the stability problem. And selecting the downscaled frequency as the CPU host frequency as the frequency value ΔF _D2 . The method of claim 3, The frequency extraction module When the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF, when the stability problem does not occur again after one downscaling Upscaling until the stability problem occurs with an additional increasing frequency value ΔF _U set to a value less than 1/2 of the decreasing frequency value ΔF _D , so that the additional increasing frequency value before the stability problem occurs And selecting the upscaled frequency as (ΔF _U ) as the CPU host frequency. The method of claim 3, The frequency extraction module If the decreasing frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value less than 1/2 of the increasing frequency value ΔF, downscaling is performed until no stability problem occurs. When the stability problem does not occur, the upscaling is controlled until the stability problem occurs with an additional increasing frequency value ΔF _u set to a value less than 1/2 of the decrease frequency value ΔF _D. CPU frequency selector characterized in that the frequency upscaled to the additional incremental frequency value ΔF _U before the problem occurs as the CPU host frequency. An upscaling step of repeatedly performing the process of checking the stability by the frequency adjusting module by an increase frequency value (ΔF) with respect to the input CPU host frequency until a stability problem occurs; When the stability problem occurs in the upscaling, the frequency control module decreases the decrease frequency value ΔF _D set to a value smaller than the increase frequency value ΔF so that the stability check module checks the stability. Downscaling repeatedly until there is no; In the absence of instability in the down-scaling step includes the step of the down-scaled frequency selected by the host CPU frequency with the reduced frequency value (△ F _D), The incremental frequency value ΔF is set between 0.5 and 2% of the input CPU host frequency. The method of claim 8, When the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF If the stability problem occurs again after performing the downscaling once When the frequency extraction module controls downscaling until there is no stability problem with the additional reduction frequency value ΔF _D2 set to a value less than 1/2 of the reduction frequency value ΔF _D , when the stability problem is not present CPU frequency selection method characterized in that for selecting the downscaled frequency by the additional reduction frequency value of ΔF _D2 of the CPU host frequency The method of claim 8, When the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value of 1/2 or more of the increase frequency value ΔF If the stability problem does not occur after performing the downscaling once The frequency extraction module _{upscales the} stability frequency to an additional increasing frequency value _{ΔF U2} set to a value less than 1/2 of the decreasing frequency value ΔF _D until the stability problem occurs, before the stability problem occurs. CPU frequency selection method characterized in that for selecting the frequency upscaled to the additional increase frequency value (ΔF _U2 ) as the CPU host frequency. The method of claim 8, When the decrease frequency value ΔF _D is set to a value less than 1/2 of the increase frequency value ΔF The downscaling is repeated repeatedly until no stability problem occurs, If the frequency extraction module does not have the stability problem, the upscaling is controlled until the stability problem occurs with an additional increase frequency value _{ΔF u2} set to a value less than 1/2 of the decrease frequency value ΔF _D. the, CPU frequency selection method characterized by selecting the up-scaling in the frequency stability problem is to occur prior to further increase the frequency values (△ F _U2) to the host CPU frequencies. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein Selecting the CPU host frequency by repeating upscaling with a continuous additional incremental frequency value _{ΔF u3, ΔF u4} ,..., _{ΔF uN} set to a value smaller than the additional incremental frequency value _{ΔF u2} . CPU frequency selection method characterized in that it further comprises.

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