KR101096519B1 - 친수성 표면 소재 및 그 제조방법과 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법 - Google Patents
친수성 표면 소재 및 그 제조방법과 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101096519B1 KR101096519B1 KR1020090118704A KR20090118704A KR101096519B1 KR 101096519 B1 KR101096519 B1 KR 101096519B1 KR 1020090118704 A KR1020090118704 A KR 1020090118704A KR 20090118704 A KR20090118704 A KR 20090118704A KR 101096519 B1 KR101096519 B1 KR 101096519B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- coating layer
- nano
- nanostructure
- hydrophilic surface
- carbon coating
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B1/00—Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
- B82B1/008—Nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B1/001 - B82B1/007
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
- B82B3/008—Processes for improving the physical properties of a device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0605—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/221—Ion beam deposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/513—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using plasma jets
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/78—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon; with halides or oxyhalides of silicon; with fluorosilicates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 1b는 본 발명에 따라 제조된 친수성 표면 소재의 SEM 이미지.
Claims (28)
- 마이크로 포어를 포함하는 소재, 그리고상기 소재의 표면에 위치하고, Si를 포함하며, 나노 구조를 가진 탄소 코팅층을 포함하는 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 상기 소재의 외면 및 상기 소재의 마이크로 포어의 내부 표면으로 이루어진 군에서 1종 이상 선택되는 것에 형성되는 것인 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 탄소 코팅층의 평형접촉각이 90도 이하인 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 폭이 1 - 100 nm이고, 상기 표면으로부터의 높이가 1 - 1000nm인 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 나노 필라, 나노 로드, 나노 닷, 나노 입자, 나오 와이어 및 나노 기공으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 한 가지 이상의 형태를 포함하는 것인 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 Si의 함유량이 0.1 - 10 질량%인 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 탄소 코팅층은 Ti, Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, W, Mo, N 및 F로 이루어진 군에서 1종 이상 선택되는 물질을 더 포함하는 것인 친수성 표면 소재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 소재는 부직포, 직물, 스펀지 또는 섬유인 것인 친수성 표면 소재.
- (a) 마이크로 포어를 갖는 소재를 준비하는 단계; 및(b) 상기 소재의 표면에 Si를 포함하는 탄소를 코팅하여 나노 구조의 탄소 코팅층을 형성하는 단계;를 포함하는 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 단계 (b)의 상기 나노 구조를 상기 소재의 외면 및 상기 소재의 마이크로 포어의 내부 표면으로 이루어진 군에서 1종 이상 선택되는 것에 형성하는 것인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 단계 (b)는 Si가 함유된 탄소를 코팅하고, 산소 플라즈마 처리를 하여 나노 구조를 형성시키는 것인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조의 표면의 평형접촉각이 90도 이하인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 폭이 1 - 100 nm이고, 상기 표면으로부터의 높이가 1 - 1000nm인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 나노 필라, 나노 로드, 나노 닷, 나노 입자, 나오 와이어 및 나노 기공으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 한 가지 이상의 형태를 포함하는 것인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 Si의 함유량이 0.1 - 10 질량%인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 탄소 코팅층은 Ti, Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, W, Mo, N 및 F로 이루어진 군에 1종 이상 선택되는 물질을 더 포함하는 것인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 탄소 코팅층을 플라즈마법, 이온법, 스퍼터링법 또는 여과 진공 아크법에 의하여 형성하는 것인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 소재는 부직포, 직물, 스펀지 또는 섬유인 것인 친수성 표면 소재의 제조방법.
- (a) 마이크로 포어를 갖는 소재를 준비하는 단계; 및(b) 상기 소재의 표면에 Si를 포함하는 탄소를 코팅하여 나노 구조의 탄소 코팅층을 형성하는 단계;를 포함하는 소재의 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 단계 (b)의 상기 나노 구조를 상기 소재의 외면 및 상기 소재의 마이크로 포어의 내부 표면으로 이루어진 군에서 1종 이상 선택되는 것에 형성하는 것인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 단계 (b)는 Si가 함유된 탄소를 코팅하고, 산소 플라즈마 처리를 하여 나노 구조를 형성시키는 것인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조의 표면의 평형접촉각이 90도 이하인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 폭이 1 - 100 nm이고, 상기 표면으로부터의 높이가 1 - 1000nm인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 나노 구조는 나노 필라, 나노 로드, 나노 닷, 나노 입자, 나오 와이어 및 나노 기공으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 한 가지 이상의 형태를 포함하는 것인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 Si의 함유량이 0.1 - 10 질량%인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 탄소 코팅층은 Ti, Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, W, Mo, N 및 F로 이루어진 군에 1종 이상 선택되는 물질을 더 포함하는 것인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 탄소 코팅층을 플라즈마법, 이온법, 스퍼터링법 또는 여과 진공 아크법에 의하여 형성하는 것인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 소재는 부직포, 직물, 스펀지 또는 섬유인 것인 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020090118704A KR101096519B1 (ko) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | 친수성 표면 소재 및 그 제조방법과 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020090118704A KR101096519B1 (ko) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | 친수성 표면 소재 및 그 제조방법과 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20110062115A KR20110062115A (ko) | 2011-06-10 |
KR101096519B1 true KR101096519B1 (ko) | 2011-12-20 |
Family
ID=44396356
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020090118704A KR101096519B1 (ko) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | 친수성 표면 소재 및 그 제조방법과 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR101096519B1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20200140455A (ko) | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-16 | 박봄이 | 유수 분리 기재의 표면 처리 장치 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007015901A (ja) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-25 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | カーボンナノチューブ又はナノファイバーを用いたSiC/SiC複合材料の高熱伝導化 |
-
2009
- 2009-12-02 KR KR1020090118704A patent/KR101096519B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007015901A (ja) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-25 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | カーボンナノチューブ又はナノファイバーを用いたSiC/SiC複合材料の高熱伝導化 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20200140455A (ko) | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-16 | 박봄이 | 유수 분리 기재의 표면 처리 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20110062115A (ko) | 2011-06-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Zhong et al. | An alternating nanoscale (hydrophilic–hydrophobic)/hydrophilic Janus cooperative copper mesh fabricated by a simple liquidus modification for efficient fog harvesting | |
CN105457335B (zh) | 多孔性吸附介质,含有该介质的吸附装置和层析系统 | |
JP4221154B2 (ja) | 高多孔性のポリ二弗化ビニリデン膜の製造方法 | |
US9457323B2 (en) | Carbon dioxide separation member, method for producing same, and carbon dioxide separation module | |
ES2924560T3 (es) | Intercambiador de calor y humedad | |
CN1927575A (zh) | 具有疏油性质的复合膜 | |
WO2010001761A1 (ja) | 洗浄用スポンジローラ | |
Zhang et al. | Omniphobic palygorskite coated Janus membrane with enhanced fouling and wetting resistance for direct contact membrane distillation | |
US20120241371A1 (en) | Membranes having aligned 1-D nanoparticles in a matrix layer for improved fluid separation | |
CN105801918B (zh) | 一种纤维素/氧化石墨烯复合膜及其制备方法 | |
CN106582314B (zh) | 一种用于膜蒸馏的小孔径疏水复合膜制备方法 | |
CN106040015A (zh) | 一种高通量多层复合纳滤膜及其制备方法 | |
CN110669249A (zh) | 一种超双疏纳米纤维素气凝胶制备方法 | |
US10682614B2 (en) | Post processing filled microporous membranes | |
JP2014237127A (ja) | カーボンナノチューブ複合膜 | |
KR101096519B1 (ko) | 친수성 표면 소재 및 그 제조방법과 표면 친수성을 향상시키는 방법 | |
CN111644080A (zh) | 高亲水性纳米纤维涂层基纳滤膜及其制备方法 | |
CN114182523B (zh) | 一种在纤维素材料表面进行不对称润湿性改性的方法 | |
JP2009234878A (ja) | シルカゲル、その製造方法、シリカゲル担持ペーパー及びシリカゲル素子 | |
Qiu et al. | Ultrafast Self-propelling directionally water transporting wood via cell wall reshaping for water manipulation | |
CN110327744B (zh) | 一种利用微通道快速扩散及纳米线吸附的梯级深度除湿方法 | |
Jazia et al. | Imbibing drops of ethanol/water mixtures in model nanoporous networks with tunable pore structure: Deviation from square root to linear time regime imbibition kinetics | |
JP2008071579A (ja) | 空気電池 | |
JP2017074575A (ja) | 低密度エアフィルタ濾材の製造方法および低密度エアフィルタ濾材 | |
CN106457151B (zh) | 纳米多孔聚合物膜和生产方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A201 | Request for examination | ||
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20141215 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20151207 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20161207 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20171201 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20181203 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20191203 Year of fee payment: 9 |