KR101082795B1 - The treating apparatus of solid waste with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method thereof - Google Patents

The treating apparatus of solid waste with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method thereof Download PDF

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KR101082795B1
KR101082795B1 KR1020090049664A KR20090049664A KR101082795B1 KR 101082795 B1 KR101082795 B1 KR 101082795B1 KR 1020090049664 A KR1020090049664 A KR 1020090049664A KR 20090049664 A KR20090049664 A KR 20090049664A KR 101082795 B1 KR101082795 B1 KR 101082795B1
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solvent
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solid waste
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김병문
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/02Recovery or working-up of waste materials of solvents, plasticisers or unreacted monomers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B2017/001Pretreating the materials before recovery
    • B29B2017/0015Washing, rinsing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

본 발명은 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고체상 폐기물을 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해, 세정 및 건조처리하는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 오일이 발유된 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물이 투입저장되며 내부에 저장된 탈염소시약과 함침성고상폐기물에 함침되어 있는 오일의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조와, 상기 반응조로부터의 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물을 필터프레싱하여 고상물질은 용제세정조로 보내고 액상물질은 침전분리조로 보내는 필터프레싱부와, 상기 필터프레싱부로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 투입저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조로 보내는 침전분리조와, 상기 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질이 투입 저장된 상태로 내부에 저장되는 용제에 일정시간 담금처리되어 표면에 묻어 있는 오일성분이 분리세정되도록 하는 용제세정조와, 상기 용제세정조로부터의 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 투입저장된 상태에서 일정온도로 가열 증류하여 비점이 낮아 기화되는 용제성분은 응축기로 보내고 비점이 커 액상으로 남아있는 오일성분은 상기 반응조로 보내는 용제회수조와, 상기 용제세정조와 용제회수조로부터의 기화된 용제가 응축기에서 응축되어 액화된 상태로 내부에 저장되며 내부에 저장된 용제를 용제세정조로 보내 재사용하는 용제저장조로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치에 관한 것이다.

Figure R1020090049664

폴리염화비페닐, 함침성고상폐기물, 비함침성고상폐기물, 반응조, 용제세정조, 용제회수조, 용제저장조

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for environmentally harmless decomposition, cleaning and drying of solid waste containing polychlorinated biphenyls, and more particularly, to waste oil transformers containing oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls. And a desalination process from the reaction tank, in which the impregnated solid waste is stored and the dechlorination reagent stored therein and the polychlorinated biphenyl component of the oil impregnated in the impregnated solid waste are chemically reacted and desalted. The filter impregnation of the impregnated solid waste, and the filter press sending the solid material to the solvent cleaning tank and the liquid material to the sedimentation separation tank, and the desalination treatment by room temperature cooling in the state in which the desalted liquid material from the filter press is stored. Sodium chloride and various precipitates produced during sedimentation are discharged and oily The powder is immersed in a sedimentation tank sent to the treatment oil storage tank and a solvent stored therein for the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material among the solid wastes for a predetermined time so that the oil component on the surface is separated and washed. The solvent cleaning tank and the solvent containing the oil component from the solvent cleaning tank are distilled by heating and distilling to a predetermined temperature in a state where the boiling point is lowered and the vaporized solvent component is sent to the condenser and the oil component remaining in the liquid phase is larger than the reaction tank. The solvent recovery tank sent to the solvent, and the vaporized solvent from the solvent cleaning tank and the solvent recovery tank is condensed in the condenser and stored inside the liquid storage state, characterized in that consisting of the solvent storage tank for sending the solvent stored therein to the solvent cleaning tank for reuse The present invention relates to a solid waste treatment apparatus containing polychlorinated biphenyls.

Figure R1020090049664

Polychlorinated biphenyl, impregnated solid waste, non-impregnated solid waste, reaction tank, solvent cleaning tank, solvent recovery tank, solvent storage tank

Description

폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치 및 방법{The treating apparatus of solid waste with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method thereof}The treating apparatus of solid waste with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method

본 발명은 폴리염화비페닐(polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs)이 함유된 고체상 폐기물을 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해, 세정 및 건조처리하는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 등의 오일이 발유(拔油)처리된 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물이 분쇄된 상태로 투입 저장되며 내부에 저장된 탈염소시약과 함침성고상폐기물에 함침되어 있는 오일의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조와, 상기 반응조로부터의 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물을 필터프레싱하여 고상물질은 용제세정조로 보내고 액상물질은 침전분리조로 보내는 필터프레싱부와, 상기 필터프레싱부로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 투입저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조로 보내는 침전분리조와, 상기 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 상기 필터프레싱부로부터의 고상물질이 투입 저장된 상태로 내부에 저장되는 용제에 일정시간 담금처리되어 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질에 묻어 있는 오일성분이 용해되어 분리세정되도록 하며 세정처리에 따라 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 용제회수조로 보내고 내부에 남아 있는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 일정온도로 가열하여 표면에 잔류된 용제성분을 기화시켜 응축기로 보내는 용제세정조와, 상기 용제세정조로부터의 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 투입 저장된 상태에서 일정온도로 가열 증류하여 비점이 낮아 기화되는 용제성분은 응축기로 보내고 비점이 커서 액상으로 남아있는 오일성분은 상기 반응조로 보내는 용제회수조와, 상기 용제세정조와 용제회수조로부터의 기화된 용제가 응축기에서 응축되어 액화된 상태로 내부에 저장되며 내부에 저장된 용제를 용제세정조로 보내 재사용하는 용제저장조로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for environmentally harmless decomposition, cleaning and drying of solid phase wastes containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), more specifically wastes containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Impregnated solid wastes are crushed and stored in solid wastes such as ordinary transformers, capacitors, safety devices, and circuit breakers in which oil such as insulating oil is oil-treated. Dechlorinated reagents and impregnable solid wastes stored therein are stored. The reaction tank for chemically reacting and desalting the polychlorinated biphenyl component of the oil impregnated with the filter, and desalting the impregnated solid waste from the reaction tank is filtered and the solid material is sent to the solvent cleaning tank and the liquid material is transferred to the precipitation separation tank. Cooling treatment at room temperature in a state in which the filter pressing unit to be sent and the desalted liquid material from the filter pressing unit are charged and stored. Sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during the desalination treatment are precipitated and discharged, and the specific gravity of the oil component floated on the upper part is sent to the treatment oil storage tank and the non-impregnated solid waste or solid matter from the filter pressing unit. This input is immersed in a solvent stored inside for a predetermined time so that the oil component in the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is dissolved and washed separately. The non-impregnated solid wastes or solids remaining in the tank are heated to a certain temperature to vaporize the solvent component remaining on the surface and to be sent to the condenser, and the solvent containing the oil component from the solvent cleaner is added. The solvent component vaporized by heating and distilling to a constant temperature in the stored state with low boiling point The oil component that is sent to the scale and remains in the liquid state with a large boiling point is a solvent recovery tank which is sent to the reaction tank, and vaporized solvents from the solvent cleaning tank and the solvent recovery tank are condensed in the condenser and stored inside, and the solvent is stored therein. It relates to a solid waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl, characterized in that consisting of a solvent storage tank for reusing to send to the solvent cleaning tank.

폴리염화비페닐(polychlorinated biphenyl; PCBs)은 절연유, 열매체, 윤활유, 가소(可塑) 등 다용도로 사용되고 있어 이용가치가 매우 높으며, 불연성이고 열변성의 우려가 없으며 절연성 또는 전기적 특성이 훌륭하고 매우 화학적으로 안정하기 때문에 여러 용도에 걸쳐 사용되고 있는 물질로서, 기본적으로 비페닐(C6H5-C6H5)에서 열개의 수소원자 위치에 결합된 수소가 1 ~ 10개의 염소 원자로 치환된 화합물로 되어 있으며 이론적으로 242종의 이성질체가 있을 수 있으나, 실제 사용 되는 것은 약 100여 종으로 열을 가해도 분해되지 않으며 물에 불용성이고 전기적 절연성이 뛰어나기 때문에 변압기, 콘덴서 등의 절연유로 사용되어 왔다.Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widely used for insulating oils, heating mediums, lubricants, and plasticizers, and thus have high value for use. Therefore, as a substance used for various purposes, it is basically a compound in which hydrogen bonded at ten hydrogen atom positions in biphenyl (C 6 H 5 -C 6 H 5 ) is substituted with 1 to 10 chlorine atoms. There may be 242 kinds of isomers, but in actual use, about 100 kinds of them are used as insulating oils such as transformers and capacitors because they do not decompose even when heated and are insoluble in water and have excellent electrical insulation.

그러나, 상기 변압기, 콘덴서의 절연유 등으로 사용된 폴리염화비페닐은 사용 후 하수처리장에 그대로 유입되어 환경파괴 및 생태계의 변화를 야기시키게 되는데 이러한 폴리염화비페닐을 환경적으로 별다른 대책 없이 사용하여 오다가 점차 심각한 오염물질로 밝혀져 1976년부터 전세계적으로 그에 대한 생산과 사용이 중지되었으나 세계적으로 이미 100만 톤의 폴리염화비페닐이 자연계에 방출되었고 폐기처분할 양도 200만톤에 이르고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 현재 처리할 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 함유된 오일이 다량인 것으로 알려져 있는 바 이들의 효율적 분해방법이 절실히 요구되고 있다.However, polychlorinated biphenyls used as insulating oils for transformers and capacitors are introduced into sewage treatment plants after use, causing environmental destruction and changes in ecosystems. These polychlorinated biphenyls are used without any environmental measures. Was found to be a serious pollutant, and its production and use has been discontinued worldwide since 1976. However, 1 million tonnes of polychlorinated biphenyls have already been released to the world, and the amount of disposal has reached 2 million tonnes. It is known that a large amount of oil containing the polychlorinated biphenyl component to be treated is urgently required for its efficient decomposition method.

현재 미국 환경청(US EPA)에 따르면 90종류 이상의 기술들이 폴리염화비페닐을 처리할 수 있는 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 지금까지 폴리염화비페닐 등과 같은 유해화학물질을 처리하는 기술은 크게 생물학적 처리기술, 열적처리기술, 물리적 또는 화학적 처리기술 등이 있는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 상기 폴리염화비페닐 처리에 효과가 있는 효소 등을 이용하는 생물학적 처리의 경우 폴리염화비페닐로 오염된 다양한 매질에 적용이 가능하고 잔류물의 생성이 최소인 장점이 있으나 장기간의 처리시간이 소요되고 처리효율이 폴리염화비페닐 농도에 크게 영향을 받는다는 단점이 있으며, 상기 열적처리기술의 경우 처리속도가 빠르고 처리된 폐기물의 부피가 작다는 장점이 있으나 액상·기체상의 매질에 적용하기에는 한계가 있으며 상대적으로 고비용이 소요되고 처리 후 생성된 잔유물의 추가 처리가 필요하다는 단 점이 있으며 폴리염화비페닐 함유제품을 일반적인 방법으로 소각할 경우 폴리염화비페닐보다 독성이 강한 다이옥신류를 비롯한 다환방향족 탄화수소 등이 부산물로 생성되는 것이 보고되고 있어 소각에 의해 폴리염화비페닐을 함유한 절연유를 안전하게 처리하는 데는 한계가 있고, 특히 유해한 다이옥신 등이 생성 배출된다는 것이 알려지면서부터 소각장을 설치하는 지역에서 주민들의 강력한 반대로 인하여 국내에서는 외국으로 수출하여 위탁처리하거나 장기간 보관하는 경우가 많으며 장기간 보관하는 경우 폴리염화비페닐 함유 폐기물로부터 폴리염화비페닐이 환경 중으로 배출되어 주변환경을 오염시킬 위험 또한 크며, 상기 자외선에 의한 분해법은 분해 효율이 낮다는 단점이 있고, 산화제에 의한 화학적 분해방법은 수 시간으로 분해 가능하지만 산화제에 의한 장치재료의 부식이 문제가 되고 있으며, 초임계수에 의한 산화분해법은 에너지 소비가 지나치게 크다는 문제점이 있고, 상기 화학적 처리기술의 경우 열적 처리기술과 마찬가지로 처리 후 생성된 잔유물의 추가 처리가 필요한 단점이 있으나 처리속도가 빠르고 폴리염화비페닐로 오염된 다양한 매질에 적용이 가능하며 고농도의 폴리염화비페닐 처리도 가능하며 재활용 기술로도 활용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), more than 90 kinds of technologies are reported to be able to process polychlorinated biphenyls. Until now, technologies for treating harmful chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls are largely biological treatment technology and thermal It is known that there are treatment techniques, physical or chemical treatment techniques, and the like, and biological treatments using enzymes effective for the treatment of polychlorinated biphenyls can be applied to various media contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and produce residues. This has the advantage of minimal but long-term treatment time and processing efficiency is greatly affected by the polychlorinated biphenyl concentration, the thermal treatment technology has the advantage that the processing speed is fast and the volume of the treated waste is small However, there is a limit to applying to liquid and gaseous medium and relatively high cost There is a disadvantage that additional treatment of residues generated after treatment is required, and when polychlorinated biphenyl-containing products are incinerated in a general manner, polyaromatic hydrocarbons such as dioxins, which are more toxic than polychlorinated biphenyls, are generated as by-products. It has been reported that incineration has a limitation in safely treating insulating oils containing polychlorinated biphenyls. Especially, it is known that harmful dioxins are produced and discharged. It is often exported and consigned or stored for a long time, and in the case of long-term storage, polychlorinated biphenyl is discharged into the environment from polychlorinated biphenyl-containing waste, which also contaminates the surrounding environment. The disadvantage of being low The chemical decomposition method by the oxidizing agent can be decomposed in several hours, but the corrosion of the device material by the oxidizing agent is a problem, and the oxidative decomposition method by the supercritical water has a problem that the energy consumption is too high. As with thermal treatment technology, there is a disadvantage that additional treatment of residues generated after treatment is required, but it is fast and can be applied to various media contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls. There is an advantage to use.

또한, 현재 화학적 탈염소화 분해반응으로 금속나트륨 분산체법을 사용한 일본 실용화 업체의 처리공정을 보면, 폐 변압기 등의 내부에 충진되어 있는 절연유 등의 오일을 발유(拔油)하여 액상폐기물과 고상폐기물로 분리하고, 절연유 등의 오일은 액상처리공정에 따라 오일에 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨을 가하여 탈염소반응으 로 오일에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 제거하고, 폐 변압기의 용기, 내부부재 등의 고상폐기물은 표면에 부착된 오일을 분리하기 위하여 고온에서 진공가열 분리공정을 수행한 다음 상기 고상폐기물을 분해 및 일정크기로 파쇄하고 물과 계면활성제 등으로 세척하는 공정을 수행하여 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 세척제거하게 되는데, 이 경우 전처리공정이 복잡하기 때문에 큰 부지의 공장이 필요한 단점이 있고 진공 가열설비 등의 설비비용이 고비용으로 발생되며 고온에서 가열시 발생되는 배기가스에 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 함유되어 배출되면서 대기오염이 발생되는 문제점이 있으며 고상폐기물을 파쇄 후 세척하는 공정에서는 폐수가 다량 발생되며, 특히 고상폐기물 중 종이나 목재 또는 섬유재질 등으로 된 함침성고상폐기물은 내부에 다량의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 함유된 오일이 함침(含浸)되어 있어 함침된 오일성분이 상기와 같은 처리공정으로는 제거되지 못하고 그대로 잔류된 상태로 폐기처리되어 심각한 환경오염을 일으키는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, the current process of the Japanese commercialization company using the metal sodium dispersing method as a chemical dechlorination decomposition reaction shows that oil, such as insulating oil, filled in the waste transformer, etc., is oil-repelled into liquid waste and solid waste. The oil, such as insulating oil, is separated and the polychlorinated biphenyl component contained in the oil is removed by dechlorination by adding metal sodium, a dechlorination reagent, to the oil according to the liquid treatment process. The solid waste is subjected to a vacuum heating separation process at high temperature to separate the oil adhered to the surface, and then the solid waste is decomposed and crushed to a certain size and washed with water and a surfactant. In this case, because the pretreatment process is complicated, there is a disadvantage of requiring a large site factory and vacuum heating equipment. There is a problem in that the equipment cost is generated at a high cost, and the air pollution is generated as the polychlorinated biphenyl component is discharged in the exhaust gas generated when heated at a high temperature, and the waste water is generated in the process of crushing and washing the solid waste. In particular, the impregnable solid waste, which is made of paper, wood, or fiber, among solid wastes, is impregnated with oil containing a large amount of polychlorinated biphenyl components. There was a problem that could not be removed but disposed of as it remains, causing serious environmental pollution.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위한 것으로 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 등의 오일이 발유(拔油)처리된 통상의 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물을 함침성고상폐기물과 비함침성고상폐기물로 분리하여 각각에 알맞는 처리공정으로 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 제거하되, 종이, 목재, 섬유재질 등으로 된 함침성고상폐기물은 반응조에서 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨을 이용한 화학적 분해처리방법으로 탈염처리하고 필터프레싱부를 통해 고상물질과 액상물질로 분리하여 고상물질은 비함침성고상폐기물과 함께 또는 단독으로 용제세정조에서 세정처리하며 액상물질은 침전분리조에서 오일성분과 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물로 분리하여 각각 배출저장하고, 금속, 세라믹재질 등으로 된 비함침성고상폐기물은 단독 또는 상기 고상물질과 함께 용제세정조에서 유기용제에 일정시간 담금처리하여 표면에 묻어 있거나 들러붙어 있는 오일성분을 분리세정하고 용제회수기에서 용제성분만 증류시켜 회수 및 재사용하고 오일성분은 상기 반응조로 보내 탈염처리하여 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물에 함침 또는 들러붙어 있는 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 효과적으로 정화처리하는 것에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, solid wastes, such as conventional waste transformer oil-treated with oil such as waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls impregnated solid wastes and non-impregnated solids The polychlorinated biphenyl component is removed by the appropriate treatment process by separating it into waste, but impregnated solid wastes made of paper, wood, and fiber are desalted by chemical decomposition using liquid sodium, a dechlorination reagent, in the reaction tank. The solids are separated into solids and liquids through the filter pressing unit, and the solids are washed together with non-impregnated solid wastes or solely in the solvent cleaning tank.The liquids are separated from the oil components and reaction products sodium chloride and various reaction products in the precipitation separation tank. It is separated into sediment and discharged and stored separately. Non-impregnated solid wastes made of metal, ceramic material, etc. are used alone or in the solid state. After immersing the organic solvent in the solvent cleaning tank together with the material for a certain period of time, the oil component stuck to or stuck to the surface is separated and washed, and only the solvent component is distilled, recovered and reused in the solvent recovery unit. Its purpose is to effectively purify a polychlorinated biphenyl component that is impregnated or stuck to solid waste such as a waste transformer.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 폴리염화비페닐이 함유되어 있는 오일이 발유처리된 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물이 분쇄된 상태로 투입저장되며 내부에 저장된 탈염소시약과 함침성고상폐기물에 함침된 오일의 폴리염화비페닐이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조와, 상기 반응조로부터의 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물을 필터프레싱하여 고상물질은 용제세정조로 보내고 액상물질은 침전분리조로 보내는 필터프레싱부와, 상기 필터프레싱부로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 투입저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조로 보내는 침전분리조와, 상기 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 상기 고상물질이 투입 저장된 상태로 내부에 저장되는 용제에 일정시간 담금처리되어 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질에 묻어 있는 오일성분이 용해되어 분리세정되도록 하며 세정처리에 따라 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 용제회수조로 보내고 내부에 남아 있는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 가열처리하여 표면에 잔류된 용제를 기화시켜 응축기로 보내는 용제세정조와, 상기 용제세정조로부터의 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 투입저장된 상태에서 가열 증류하여 비점이 낮아 기화되는 용제는 응축기로 보내고 비점이 커서 액상으로 남아있는 오일성분은 상기 반응조로 보내는 용제회수조와, 상기 응축기에서 응축되어 액화된 용제가 내부에 저장되며 저장된 용제를 용제세정조로 보내 재사용하는 용제저장조로 구성된 것에 본 발명의 특징이 있다.In order to achieve this purpose, the oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl is stored and stored in the state where the impregnated solid waste is pulverized among the oil-treated solid waste, and the poly of the oil impregnated in the dechlorination reagent and the impregnated solid waste stored therein is stored. And a filter press for filtering the desalted impregnated solid wastes from the reaction tank to send the solid material to the solvent cleaning tank and to send the liquid material to the precipitation separation tank. In the state in which the desalted liquid material from the pressing unit is stored and stored at room temperature, the sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during desalting are precipitated and discharged, and the oil component floated at the upper part is sent to the treated oil storage tank. Non-impregnated solid waste or solid phase of solid waste After immersing in the solvent stored in the furnace for a certain time, the oil component contained in the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is dissolved and washed separately, and the oil-containing solvent is sent to the solvent recovery tank according to the cleaning process. The remaining non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is heated to vaporize the solvent remaining on the surface by vaporizing the solvent remaining in the surface to the condenser, and heated and distilled while the solvent containing the oil component from the solvent cleaning tank is added and stored. This low vaporizing solvent is sent to the condenser, and the boiling point of the oil component remaining in the liquid phase is sent to the reaction tank, the solvent condensed in the condenser and the liquefied solvent is stored inside the solvent to send the solvent to the solvent cleaning tank for reuse It is a feature of the present invention that it consists of a reservoir.

상기와 같이 본 발명에 의하면 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 등의 오일이 발유(拔油)처리된 통상의 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물을 함침성고상폐기물과 비 함침성고상폐기물로 분리하여 각각에 알맞는 처리공정으로 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 제거하되, 종이, 목재, 섬유재질 등으로 된 함침성고상폐기물은 반응조에서 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨을 이용한 화학적 분해처리방법으로 탈염처리하고 필터프레싱부를 통해 고상물질과 액상물질로 분리하여 고상물질은 비함침성고상폐기물과 함께 또는 단독으로 용제세정조에서 세정처리하여 고상물질 내부에 함침된 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 효과적으로 제거할 수 있으며, 액상물질은 침전분리조에서 오일성분과 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물로 분리하여 각각 배출 저장하고, 금속, 세라믹재질 등으로 된 비함침성고상폐기물은 단독 또는 상기 고상물질과 함께 용제세정조에서 유기용제에 일정시간 담금처리하여 표면에 묻어 있거나 들러붙어 있는 오일성분을 분리세정할 수 있고 용제회수기에서는 용제성분만 증류시켜 회수 및 재사용하고 오일성분은 상기 반응조로 보내 탈염처리하여 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물에 함침 또는 들러붙어 있는 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 간단한 처리공정으로 환경친화적으로 무해하게 정화처리되도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, solid wastes, such as a conventional waste transformer, in which oil such as waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls are oil-repelled, are separated into impregnated solid wastes and non-impregnated solid wastes, respectively. The polychlorinated biphenyl component is removed by a suitable treatment process, but the impregnable solid wastes made of paper, wood, fiber, etc. are desalted by a chemical decomposition treatment method using liquid sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, in the reaction tank and the filter press unit. The solid material can be separated into a solid material and a liquid material, and the solid material can be cleaned together with a non-impregnated solid waste or alone in a solvent cleaning tank to effectively remove the polychlorinated biphenyl component impregnated into the solid material. In the sedimentation separation tank, separated into oil components, reaction products sodium chloride and various sediments, and then discharged and stored. Non-impregnated solid wastes, etc., can be separately or washed with organic solvents in a solvent cleaning tank for a certain period of time to separate and clean oil components that adhere to or adhere to the surface. It can be recovered and reused, and the oil component is sent to the reactor to desalination so that the polychlorinated biphenyl component impregnated or stuck in solid waste such as a waste transformer can be environmentally and harmlessly purified by a simple process. have.

이하 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 구성을 도면에 의해 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the preferred configuration according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

본 발명에 따른 고상폐기물 처리장치(1)는 도 1 내지 3에 도시된 바와 같이 절연 등을 목적으로 폴리염화비페닐(polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs)이 함유되어 있는 오일이 발유(拔油)처리된 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 고체상 폐기물을 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해, 세정 및 건조처리하는 장치로서, 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물이 분쇄된 상태로 투입 저장되며 내부에 저장된 탈염소시약과 함침성고상폐기물에 함침되어 있는 오일의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조(2)와, 상기 반응조(2)로부터의 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물을 필터프레싱하여 고상물질은 용제세정조(15)로 보내고 액상물질은 침전분리조(9)로 보내는 필터프레싱부(8)와, 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 투입저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조(13)로 보내는 침전분리조(9)와, 상기 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 고상물질이 투입저장된 상태로 내부에 저장되는 용제에 일정시간 담금처리되어 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질에 묻어 있는 오일성분이 용해되어 분리세정되도록 하며 세정처리에 따라 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 용제회수조(22)로 보내고 내부에 남아 있는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 일정온도로 가열하여 표면에 잔류된 용제성분을 기화시켜 응축기(26)로 보내는 용제세정조(15)와, 상기 용제세정조(15)로부터의 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 투입 저장된 상태에서 일정온도로 가열 증류하여 비점이 낮아 기화되는 용제성분은 응축기(26)로 보내고 비점이 커서 액상으로 남아있는 오일성분은 상기 반응조(2)로 보내는 용제회수조(22)와, 상기 용제세정조(15)와 용제회수조(22)로부터의 기화된 용제가 응축기(26)에서 응축되어 액화된 상태로 내부에 저장되며 내부에 저장된 용제를 용제세정조(15)로 보내 재사용하는 용제저장조(25)로 구성되어 있다. Solid waste treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention is a waste oil repellent oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for the purpose of insulation, as shown in Figure 1 to 3 A device that disassembles, cleans and dries solid wastes such as transformers, condensers, safety devices, and circuit breakers in an environmentally friendly way, and is stored and stored in the state of impregnated solid wastes among solid wastes such as waste transformers. Filter-pressing the reaction tank (2) for dechlorination of the polychlorinated biphenyl component of the oil impregnated in the dechlorination reagent and the impregnated solid waste, and the desalted impregnated solid waste from the reactor (2). The filter pressing unit 8, which sends the solid material to the solvent cleaning tank 15, and the liquid substance to the sedimentation separation tank 9, and the desalted liquid material from the filter pressing unit 8, Sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during the desalination treatment by cooling at room temperature in the input and stored state are precipitated and discharged, and the specific gravity of the oil component floated at the upper portion is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 13 and the solid wastes. Solid matter is immersed in the solvent stored therein while the solid material from the non-impregnated solid waste or the filter pressing unit 8 is stored and dissolved, and the oil component contained in the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is dissolved and separated. The solvent containing the oil component is sent to the solvent recovery tank 22 according to the cleaning treatment, and the non-impregnated solid waste or solid substance remaining inside is heated to a constant temperature to vaporize the solvent component remaining on the surface of the condenser. The solvent cleaning tank 15 to be sent to (26) and the solvent containing the oil component from the solvent cleaning tank 15 are charged and stored at a constant temperature. The solvent component to be evaporated by heat distillation to lower the boiling point is sent to the condenser 26, and the oil component remaining in the liquid phase to the boiling point is sent to the reaction tank (2), the solvent cleaning tank (15) and The vaporized solvent from the solvent recovery tank 22 is condensed in the condenser 26 is stored inside the liquid state and composed of a solvent storage tank 25 to send the solvent stored therein to the solvent cleaning tank 15 for reuse. have.

상기 반응조(2)는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 폐 변압기 등의 고상폐기물 중 종이, 목재, 섬유재질 등으로 된 함침성고상폐기물을 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨을 이용하여 화학적 분해처리방법으로 탈염처리하는 부분으로, 소정의 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 일정크기로 분쇄(대략 1 ~ 100mm의 직경을 지니도록 분쇄됨)처리된 함침성고상폐기물이 투입되는 반응조투입구(3)가 형성되어 있고 내부에는 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 용융된 액상상태로 일정수위로 저장되어 있어 상기 반응조투입구(3)를 통해 내측으로 투입된 함침성고상폐기물이 액상나트륨에 담금처리되도록 되어 있으며 통상의 전기히터봉 등으로 된 가열히터(4)가 내장설치되어 있어 반응조(2) 내부의 온도를 대략 100 ~ 150℃정도로 가열하면서 내부에 저장된 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨의 용융점인 97.9℃ 이상으로 온도를 유지하여 융융된 액상의 나트륨과 함침성고상폐기물의 내부에 함침되어 있는 오일의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 화학반응하여 탈염처리되도록 되어 있으며, 상기 반응조(2)의 하부에는 반응조배출구(5)가 형성되어 있어 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 제거된 함침성고상폐기물과 액상나트륨이 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로 보내지도록 되어 있고, 상기 반응조(2)의 상부에는 반응조오일유입구(6)가 형성되어 있어 상기 용제회수조(22)에서 증류처리되고 남은 액상의 오일성분이 이송펌프(P1)에 의해 이송되어 내측으로 유입되면서 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 제거되도록 되어 있다.As shown in FIG. 1, the reaction tank 2 is desalted by chemical decomposition using liquid sodium, a dechlorination reagent, of an impregnable solid waste made of paper, wood, fiber, etc., among solid wastes such as a waste transformer. Reaction tank inlet (3) is formed into a predetermined cylindrical casing and the impregnated solid waste, which is pulverized (pulverized to have a diameter of about 1 to 100mm), is treated at a predetermined size on one side. The metal sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, is stored at a predetermined level in a molten liquid state, so that the impregnated solid waste introduced into the inside through the reaction tank inlet 3 is immersed in the liquid sodium, and a conventional electric heater rod. Is equipped with a built-in heating heater (4) to heat the temperature inside the reaction tank (2) to about 100 ~ 150 ℃ about dechlorinated reagent stored inside The temperature is maintained above 97.9 ° C., the melting point of sodium, and the polychlorinated biphenyl component of the oil impregnated inside the molten liquid sodium and the impregnated solid waste is chemically desalted and treated. The reaction vessel discharge port 5 is formed at the lower portion of the reaction vessel so that the impregnated solid waste and the liquid sodium from which the polychlorinated biphenyl component is removed are sent to the filter pressing unit 8, and the reaction vessel is disposed at the upper portion of the reaction tank 2. The oil inlet 6 is formed, so that the oil component of the remaining liquid after distillation in the solvent recovery tank 22 is transferred by the transfer pump P1 to be introduced into the polychlorinated biphenyl component.

또한, 상기 반응조(2)는 내측 가운데부분에는 수직으로 교반기(도시하지 않음)가 설치가능하여 내부에 투입된 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨과 분쇄된 함침성고상폐기물이 고르게 교반 혼합되도록 할 수 있으며, 별도의 탈염소시약투입구(도시하지 않음) 등을 구비하여 금속나트륨 투입이 용이하게 이루어지도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the reaction tank (2) can be installed vertically in the inner center portion can be agitator (not shown) to be mixed evenly mixed mixed metal sodium and the crushed impregnated solid waste into the chlorine dechlorination reagent, which is inside, separate Dechlorination reagent inlet (not shown) and the like can be made to facilitate the addition of metal sodium.

상기 필터프레싱부(8)는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 반응조(2)의 반응조배출구(5)로부터의 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물 및 용융된 액상나트륨을 통상의 필터프레싱장치로 필터링하면서 압축처리하여 고상물질과 액상물질로 분리하도록 되어 있으며, 상기 탈염처리된 고상물질은 상기 용제세정조(15)로 보내 고상물질 내부에 함침된 오일성분을 제거하도록 하고 오일성분이 함유된 액상물질은 침전분리조(9)로 보내도록 되어 있다.As shown in FIG. 1, the filter pressing unit 8 compresses the desalted impregnated solid waste and the molten liquid sodium from the reaction tank outlet 5 of the reaction tank 2 while filtering with a conventional filter pressing apparatus. The solid material is separated into a solid material and a liquid material, and the desalted solid material is sent to the solvent cleaning tank 15 to remove the oil component impregnated in the solid material, and the liquid material containing the oil is precipitated and separated. It is supposed to be sent to Joe 9.

상기 침전분리조(9)는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 투입저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조(13)로 보내는 부분으로, 하부가 콘(cone)형상으로 형성된 통형상의 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 액상물질이 유입되는 침전분리조유입구(10)가 형성되어 있어 내부에 일정량의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 유입 저장되도록 되어 있고 상기 탈염처리된 액상물질이 상온에서 3 ~ 4시간 동안 유지되어 탈염처리시 생성된 고체상태의 염화나트륨과 상기 반응조(2)에서 미 반응되고 남은 용융나트륨이 재결정화되면서 생성된 금속나트륨 등을 포함한 각종 침전물은 가라앉아 침전되도록 되어 있으며 상기 침전분리조(9)의 타측 가운데부분에는 처리유배출구(11)가 형성되어 있어 비중이 작아 상기 침전물의 상부에 뜬 오일성분을 처리유저장조(13)로 보내 저장하도록 되어 있고 타측 하부에는 침전물배출구(12)가 형성되어 있어 비중이 커서 하부에 침전된 상기 염화나트륨과 금속나트륨 및 각종 침전물을 배출하도록 되어 있다.As shown in FIG. 1, the sedimentation separation tank 9 is cooled at room temperature in a state where the desalted liquid material from the filter pressing unit 8 is stored and stored, and sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during desalination are precipitated and discharged. The oil component floated on the upper part with small specific gravity is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 13, and the lower part is a cylindrical casing formed in a cone shape, and the liquid material from the filter pressing part 8 is located at one upper part. The inlet sedimentation tank inlet 10 is formed so that a predetermined amount of desalted liquid material is stored and stored therein, and the desalted liquid material is maintained at room temperature for 3 to 4 hours to be generated during desalination. Various precipitates including solid sodium chloride and metal sodium produced as unreacted molten sodium remaining in the reactor 2 and recrystallization are submerged. The other side of the sedimentation separation tank (9) is to be settled and the processing oil discharge port (11) is formed so that the specific gravity is small to send the oil component floated on the top of the sediment to the processing oil storage tank (13) Sediment discharge port 12 is formed on the other side of the lower specific gravity is to discharge the sodium chloride and metal sodium and various precipitates precipitated in the lower portion.

한편, 상기 처리유저장조(13)로 보내진 탈염처리되고 침전물이 제거된 오일성분은 통상의 방법에 따라 정제처리된 후 재생유 등으로 사용되며, 상기 침전물배출구(12)를 통해 배출된 염화나트륨과 금속나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 별도의 분리공정을 거쳐 금속나트륨은 탈염소시약으로 재사용되고 나머지 침전물은 배출제거된다.On the other hand, the desalted and precipitated oil component sent to the treated oil storage tank 13 is used as regenerated oil after refining treatment according to a conventional method, and the sodium chloride and metal discharged through the precipitate outlet (12) Sodium and various sediments are separated and the metal sodium is reused as a dechlorination reagent and the remaining sediments are removed.

또한, 상기 침전분리조(9)는 콘형상으로 형성된 하단부에 통상의 밸브에 의해 개폐되는 드레인배출구(14)가 구비되어 있어 침전분리한 후 침전분리조(9)의 소제(掃除)시 내부에 남아있는 각종 잔유물을 외부로 배출 처리하도록 되어 있다.In addition, the sedimentation separation tank (9) is provided with a drain outlet (14) that is opened and closed by a normal valve at the lower end formed in the shape of a cone, after sedimentation and separation of the sedimentation separation tank (9) inside Various remaining residues are to be discharged to the outside.

한편, 상기 침전분리조(9)와 용제세정조(15)는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 통상의 열교환기(7)에 의해 연결되도록 되어 있어 상기 용제세정조(15)의 가열 건조과정에서 침전분리조(9)의 상온냉각시 발생되는 고온의 열기를 상기 열교환기(7)가 열교환식으로 용제세정조(15)에 전달하여 용제세정조(15)의 가열 건조과정에서의 보조열원으로 사용하도록 되어 있다.On the other hand, the sedimentation separation tank (9) and the solvent cleaning tank (15) is to be connected by a conventional heat exchanger (7) as shown in Figure 1 to precipitate during the heat drying process of the solvent cleaning tank (15) The heat exchanger 7 transfers the heat of the high temperature generated at room temperature cooling of the separation tank 9 to the solvent cleaning tank 15 in a heat exchange manner to be used as an auxiliary heat source in the heat drying process of the solvent cleaning tank 15. It is supposed to.

상기 용제세정조(15)는 도 1 내지 3에 도시된 바와 같이 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 고상물질이 투입저장된 상태로 내부에 저장되는 용제에 의해 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질에 묻어 있는 오일성분이 용해되어 분리세정되도록 하는 부분으로, 소정의 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 상부에는 덮개(16)가 구비되어 있어 고상폐기물 중 오일성분이 함침되지 않는 금속, 세라믹 등의 재질로 된 비함침성고상폐기물이 상기 덮개(16)를 통해 내측에 투입가능한 크기로 분해 및 분쇄된 상태로 투입되거나 또는 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 고상물질이 투입되도록 되어 있으며 상기 용제세정조(15)의 일측면 상부에는 용제저장조(25)와 연결된 용제투입구(17)가 구비되어 있어 상기 용제저장조(25)로부터 공급되는 용제가 내부에 일정수위로 저장된 상태에서 상기 덮개(16)를 통해 내부에 투입되는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질이 내부에 저장된 용제에 잠겨 일정시간(바람직하게는 2 ~ 4 시간정도)동안 담금처리되면서 표면에 묻어 있거나 들러붙어 있는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 오일성분이 용제에 의해 용해되어 분리 세정되도록 되어 있다. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the solvent cleaning tank 15 may be formed of a non-impregnated solid waste or solid solvent from the filter pressing unit 8 by a solvent stored therein. This is the part to dissolve and wash the oil component in the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material, and it is made of a predetermined cylindrical casing and the cover 16 is provided on the top so that the oil component of the solid waste is not impregnated. The non-impregnated solid waste made of metal, ceramic, or the like is introduced into the disassembled and pulverized state into the size that can be put into the inside through the cover 16, or the solid material from the filter pressing unit 8 is introduced. One side of the solvent cleaning tank 15 is provided with a solvent inlet 17 connected to the solvent storage tank 25 is supplied from the solvent storage tank 25 The non-impregnated solid waste or solid matter introduced into the interior through the cover 16 while the solvent is stored at a predetermined level therein is locked in the solvent stored therein for a predetermined time (preferably about 2 to 4 hours). The oil component containing polychlorinated biphenyl, which is buried or adhered to the surface while being immersed, is dissolved and dissolved by the solvent to be separated and washed.

또한, 본 발명에서 사용되는 용제는 메틸렌 클로라이드(Methylene chloride, CH2Cl2)로 되어 있는데, 상기 메틸렌 클로라이드는 액상의 유기용제로서 비점이 40.2℃로 비점이 낮고 불연성으로 화재에 안전하며 오일성분에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐의 비점보다 낮아 상기 용제세정조(15) 및 용제회수조(22)에서 용제의 비점에 맞추어 가열 증류시 오일성분은 그대로 남고 용제성분만 증류되어 용이한 분리가 가능하도록 되어 있다.In addition, the solvent used in the present invention is made of methylene chloride (Methylene chloride, CH 2 Cl 2 ), the methylene chloride is a liquid organic solvent with a boiling point of 40.2 ℃ low boiling point is non-flammable and safe to fire and oil components Lower than the boiling point of the polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the solvent cleaning tank (15) and the solvent recovery tank 22 in accordance with the boiling point of the solvent in the distillation of the oil remains intact, only the solvent component is distilled to enable easy separation. have.

상기 용제세정조(15)는 일측면 하부에 용제배출구(18)가 구비되어 있어 일정시간 담금처리로 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 묻어 있는 오일성분이 분리 세정되어 오일성분이 용해된 용제는 도 1, 2에 도시된 바와 같이 이송펌프(P2)에 의해 용제회수조(22)로 보내지도록 되어 있으며 상기 용제배출구(18)에는 통상의 필터장치(19)가 구비되어 있어 액상의 용제만 배출되고 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 걸름처리되어 용제세정조(15)에 그대로 남게 된다.The solvent cleaning tank 15 is provided with a solvent discharge port 18 at one side lower portion, so that the oil component on the surface of the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is separated and washed by a immersion treatment for a predetermined time so that the oil component is dissolved. The solvent is to be sent to the solvent recovery tank 22 by the transfer pump (P2) as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the solvent discharge port 18 is provided with a conventional filter device 19 is a liquid solvent Only discharged and the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is filtered and left in the solvent cleaning tank 15.

또한, 상기 용제세정조(15)의 외측 바닥면 또는 하부 외주면에는 밴딩히터 등과 같은 가온수단(20a)이 구비되어 있고 일측면 상부에는 응축기(26)와 연결된 가스배출구(21a)가 형성되어 있어 상기 용제세정조(15)로부터 용제가 배출된 상태에서 도 1, 3에 도시된 바와 같이 상기 가온수단(20a)에 의해 용제세정조(15)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 남아 있는 용제성분은 기화되어 이송펌프(P3)에 의해 상기 가스배출구(21a)를 통해 응축기(26)로 배출되면서 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 잔류된 용제성분이 제거되어 건조처리되도록 되어 있다. In addition, the outer bottom surface or the lower outer peripheral surface of the solvent cleaning tank 15 is provided with a heating means (20a), such as a banding heater and the gas outlet 21a connected to the condenser 26 is formed on the upper side When the internal temperature of the solvent cleaning tank 15 is heated to the boiling point of the solvent by the heating means 20a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 while the solvent is discharged from the solvent cleaning tank 15, The solvent component remaining on the surface of the solid waste or the solid material is vaporized and discharged to the condenser 26 through the gas outlet 21a by the transfer pump P3 to remain on the surface of the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material. The solvent component is removed and dried.

또한, 상기 용제세정조(15)는 도 1 내지 3에 도시된 바와 같이 내측 바닥면이나 내측 벽면에 용제분사장치(27) 또는 초음파발생장치(28)가 설치되어 있어 상기 용제분사장치(27)로부터 분사되는 용제 또는 상기 초음파발생장치(28)로부터 발생되는 초음파가 내측에 저장되는 용제에 유동성을 부여하여 세정효율을 높이도록 되어 있다. In addition, the solvent cleaning tank 15 has a solvent spraying device 27 or an ultrasonic wave generator 28 is installed on the inner bottom surface or the inner wall as shown in Figure 1 to 3, the solvent spraying device 27 The solvent injected from the ultrasonic wave or the ultrasonic wave generated from the ultrasonic generator 28 imparts fluidity to the solvent stored inside to increase the cleaning efficiency.

상기와 같이 건조처리가 완료된 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 용제세정조(15)로부터 꺼내져 비함침성고상폐기물은 각각의 성분에 따라 구분되어 재활용되고 함침성 고상물질은 반응조(2)에서 액상나트륨에 의한 탈염처리시 내부에 함침되어 잔류된 금속나트륨 성분을 제거하기 위해 물속에 수침하는 수화반응을 거친 다음 묽은 염산에 처리하는 중화반응을 거쳐 금속나트륨이 안전한 염화나트륨성분으로 배출 제거되도록 한 후 폐기처리된다.As described above, the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material, which has been dried, is taken out of the solvent cleaning tank 15, and the non-impregnated solid waste is separated and recycled according to each component, and the impregnated solid material is recycled in the reaction tank (2). When desalination by liquid sodium is carried out, the water is immersed in water to remove residual metal sodium, and then neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid so that metal sodium is discharged and removed as safe sodium chloride. Discarded.

상기 용제회수조(22)는 도 1 및 2에 도시된 바와 같이 용제세정조(15)로부터의 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 투입 저장된 상태에서 일정온도로 가열 증류하여 비점이 낮아 기화되는 용제성분은 응축기(26)로 보내고 비점이 커서 액상으로 남아있는 오일성분은 상기 반응조(2)로 보내는 부분으로, 소정의 통형상의 케이싱으로 되 어 있으며 일측면 상부에는 용제유입구(23)가 구비되어 있어 이송펌프(P2)에 의해 용제세정조(15)로부터 이송되는 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 내부에 일정량 투입 저장되도록 되어 있으며, 상기 용제회수조(22)의 바닥면 또는 하부 외주면에는 밴딩히터 등과 같은 가온수단(20b)이 구비되어 있고 상부에는 응축기(26)와 연결된 가스배출구(21b)가 구비되어 있으며 일측면 하부에는 오일배출구(24)가 구비되어 있어 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 상기 가온수단(20b)에 의해 용제회수조(22)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면 용제회수조(22)의 내부에 저장되어 있는 오일성분이 함유된 용제에서 용제성분만 증류되어 기화되고 이송펌프(P3)에 의해 상기 가스배출구(21b)를 통해 응축기(26)로 배출되면서 상기 용제회수조(22)의 내부에는 액상의 오일성분만 잔류하게 되며 상기 액상의 오일성분은 이송펌프(P1)에 의해 오일배출구(24)를 통해 반응조(2)의 반응조오일유입구(6)로 보내져 액상의 오일성분에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨에 의해 탈염처리되도록 되어 있다.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the solvent recovery tank 22 is a solvent component vaporized by heating and distilling to a predetermined temperature in a state in which a solvent containing an oil component from the solvent cleaning tank 15 is added and stored. The oil component that is sent to the condenser 26 and the boiling point is left in the liquid phase is sent to the reaction tank 2, which is made of a predetermined cylindrical casing, and a solvent inlet 23 is provided on one side of the upper portion. A solvent containing an oil component transferred from the solvent cleaning tank 15 by the pump P2 is stored in a predetermined amount and stored therein, and the bottom surface or the outer peripheral surface of the solvent recovery tank 22 is heated such as a bending heater. Means 20b are provided, the upper part is provided with a gas outlet 21b connected to the condenser 26, and one side lower portion is provided with an oil outlet 24, as shown in Figure 2 When the internal temperature of the solvent recovery tank 22 is heated to the boiling point of the solvent by the heating means 20b, only the solvent component is distilled and vaporized from the solvent containing the oil component stored in the solvent recovery tank 22. As the discharge pump (P3) is discharged to the condenser 26 through the gas outlet 21b, only the liquid oil component remains in the solvent recovery tank 22, and the liquid oil component is the transfer pump P1. The polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the liquid oil component is sent to the reaction tank oil inlet 6 of the reaction tank 2 through the oil outlet 24 by the dechlorination reagent liquid sodium.

상기 용제저장조(25)는 도 1 및 3에 도시된 바와 같이 용제세정조(15)와 용제회수조(22)로부터의 기화된 용제가 이송펌프(P3)에 의해 응축기(26)로 보내지고 상기 응축기(26)에서 응축되어 액화된 상태로 내부에 일정량 투입 저장되도록 되어 있으며 상기 용제저장조(25)는 용제세정조(15)의 용제투입구(17)와 연결되어 있어 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 세정처리시 내부에 저장된 용제가 이송펌프(P4)에 의해 용제세정조(15)로 보내지면서 계속적으로 재사용되도록 되어 있다.The solvent storage tank 25 is vaporized solvent from the solvent cleaning tank 15 and the solvent recovery tank 22 is sent to the condenser 26 by the transfer pump (P3) as shown in FIGS. It is condensed in the condenser (26) is to be stored in a predetermined amount in the state and the solvent storage tank 25 is connected to the solvent inlet (17) of the solvent cleaning tank (15) to impregnate solid waste or solid material The solvent stored therein during the cleaning process is sent to the solvent cleaning tank 15 by the transfer pump P4 so that it can be reused continuously.

이하 본 발명에 따른 작용은 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the action according to the present invention is as follows.

본 발명에 따른 고상폐기물 처리장치(1)를 사용하여 폴리염화비페닐(PCBs)이 함유되어 있는 오일이 발유(拔油)처리된 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 고상폐기물을 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해, 세정 및 건조처리하는 경우에는, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 상기 고상폐기물을 종이, 목재, 섬유재질 등의 함침성고상폐기물과 금속, 세라믹 재질 등의 비함침성고상폐기물로 구분하여 각각의 처리장치로 보내 정화처리하는데, 상기 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물은 대략 1 ~ 100mm의 직경을 지니도록 분쇄하여 내부에 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장된 반응조(2)로 보내 융융된 액상나트륨과 함침성고상폐기물의 내부에 함침되어 있는 오일의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 화학반응하여 탈염처리되도록 하며, 상기 반응조(2)에서 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물과 액상나트륨은 필터프레싱부(8)로 보내져 필터링되면서 압축처리되어 고상물질은 걸름처리되어 용제세정조(15)로 보내지고 액상물질은 침전분리조(9)로 보내지며, 상기 침전분리조(9)로 보내진 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질은 침전분리조(9) 내부에 일정량 투입저장된 상태로 상온에서 3 ~ 4시간 동안 유지되어 탈염처리시 생성된 고체상태의 염화나트륨과 상기 반응조(2)에서 미반응되고 남은 용융나트륨이 재결정화되면서 생성된 금속나트륨 등을 포함한 각종 침전물이 가라앉아 침전되며 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조(13)로 보내져 통상의 방법에 따라 정제처리된 후 재생유 등으로 사용되고, 비중이 커서 하부에 침전된 상기 염화나트륨과 금속나트륨이 포함된 각종 침전물은 배출되어 별도의 분리공정을 거쳐 금속나트륨은 탈염소시약으로 재사용되고 나머지 침전물은 배출제거된다.Using the solid waste treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention, waste oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and oil-treated waste transformers, capacitors, safety devices, circuit breakers, etc. In case of harmless decomposition, cleaning and drying treatment, as shown in FIG. 1, the solid waste is classified into impregnable solid waste such as paper, wood, and fiber material and non-impregnated solid waste such as metal and ceramic material. Each of the solid wastes is impregnated to be purified. The impregnated solid wastes are pulverized to have a diameter of about 1 to 100 mm, and the liquid sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, is sent to the reaction tank 2 stored at a predetermined level. The polychlorinated biphenyl component of the oil impregnated inside the molten liquid sodium and the impregnated solid waste is subjected to chemical reaction for desalination, and the desalination treatment is carried out in the reactor (2). The precipitated solid waste and the liquid sodium are sent to the filter pressing unit 8, filtered and compressed, and the solid material is filtered and sent to the solvent cleaning tank 15, and the liquid material is sent to the precipitation separation tank 9, and the precipitation The desalted liquid material from the filter pressing unit 8 sent to the separation tank 9 is maintained at room temperature for 3 to 4 hours while being stored and stored in a predetermined amount inside the sedimentation separation tank 9 to form a solid state produced during desalination. Sodium chloride and various precipitates, including the metal sodium produced by the unreacted and the remaining molten sodium in the reaction tank (2) is recrystallized and settled, the specific gravity is small, the oil component floated on the upper is sent to the treatment oil storage tank (13) After the purification process according to a conventional method is used as a regeneration oil, etc., the specific gravity of the various precipitates containing the sodium chloride and sodium metal precipitated in the lower portion is discharged to separate Through the process of metal sodium is reused as a dechlorination reagent remaining precipitate is removed is discharged.

다음으로, 상기 고상폐기물 중 일정크기로 분해 및 분쇄된 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 고상물질은 내부에 메틸렌 클로라이드(Methylene chloride, CH2Cl2)으로 된 용제가 일정수위로 저장되는 용제세정조(15)에 투입되어 상기 용제에 잠겨 2 ~ 4 시간정도 담금처리되면서 표면에 묻어 있거나 들러붙어 있는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 오일성분이 용제에 의해 용해되어 분리 세정되고, 세정처리 후 상기 용제세정조(15)의 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 이송펌프(P2)에 의해 필터장치(19)를 거쳐 용제회수조(22)로 보내지고 상기 용제세정조(15)의 내부에는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질만 남게 되며 상기 용제세정조(15)로부터 용제가 배출된 상태에서 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이 용제세정조(15)에 구비된 가온수단(20a)에 의해 용제세정조(15)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점(40.2℃)에 맞게 가열되면 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 남아 있는 용제성분은 기화되어 이송펌프(P3)에 의해 응축기(26)로 배출되면서 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 잔류된 용제성분이 제거되어 건조처리되고, 상기와 같이 건조처리가 완료된 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 용제세정조(15)로부터 꺼내져 비함침성고상폐기물은 각각의 성분에 따라 구분되어 재활용되고 고상물질은 반응조(2)에서 액상나트륨에 의한 탈염처리시 내부에 함침되어 잔류된 금속나트륨 성분을 제거하기 위해 물속에 수침하는 수화반응을 거친 다음 묽은 염산에 처리하는 중화반응을 거쳐 금속나트륨이 염화나트륨성분으로 배출 제거되도록 한 후 폐기처리된다.Next, the non-impregnated solid waste that is decomposed and crushed to a certain size among the solid waste or the solid material from the filter pressing unit 8 has a fixed solvent of methylene chloride (CH 2 Cl 2 ) therein. The oil component containing polychlorinated biphenyl, which is buried or adhered to the surface while being immersed in the solvent and immersed in the solvent for 2 to 4 hours, stored at the water level and immersed for 2 to 4 hours, is separated and washed by the solvent. After the washing process, the solvent containing the oil component of the solvent cleaning tank 15 is sent to the solvent recovery tank 22 through the filter device 19 by the transfer pump P2 and the solvent cleaning tank 15 Only the non-impregnated solid waste or solid matter remains therein and is heated by the heating means 20a provided in the solvent cleaning tank 15 as shown in FIG. 3 while the solvent is discharged from the solvent cleaning tank 15. Solvent Cleaner (15) When the internal temperature of the solvent is heated to the boiling point of the solvent (40.2 ℃), the non-impregnated solid waste or the solvent component remaining on the surface of the solid material is vaporized and discharged to the condenser 26 by the transfer pump (P3), the non-impregnation The solvent component remaining on the surface of the solid waste or the solid material is removed and dried, and the non-impregnated solid waste or the solid material, which has been dried as described above, is taken out of the solvent cleaning tank 15 to be non-impregnated solid waste. Silver is separated and recycled according to each component, and the solid material is impregnated inside during desalination with liquid sodium in the reaction tank (2) to undergo a hydration reaction that is immersed in water to remove residual metal sodium components. After the neutralization reaction, the metal sodium is discharged to the sodium chloride component and then disposed of.

또한, 상기 용제회수조(22)로 보내진 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 용제회수조(22)에 구비된 가온수단(20b)에 의해 용제회수조(22)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면 용제회수조(22)의 내부에 저장되어 있는 오일성분이 함유된 용제에서 용제성분만 증류되어 기화되고 이송펌프(P3)에 의해 상기 가스배출구(21b)를 통해 응축기(26)로 배출되면서 상기 용제회수조(22)의 내부에는 액상의 오일성분만 잔류하게 되며 상기 액상의 오일성분은 이송펌프(P1)에 의해 오일배출구(24)를 통해 반응조(2)로 보내져 액상의 오일성분에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨에 의해 탈염처리되고, 상기 응축기(26)로 보내진 용제세정조(15)와 용제회수조(22)로부터의 기화된 용제는 응축되어 액화된 상태로 용제저장조(25)에 일정량 투입 저장되며 새로운 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 세정처리시 내부에 저장된 용제가 이송펌프(P4)에 의해 용제세정조(15)로 보내지면서 순환식으로 계속 재사용된다.In addition, the solvent containing the oil component sent to the solvent recovery tank 22, the internal temperature of the solvent recovery tank 22 by the heating means 20b provided in the solvent recovery tank 22 as shown in FIG. When the solvent is heated to the boiling point of the solvent, only the solvent component is distilled and vaporized from the solvent containing the oil component stored in the solvent recovery tank 22, and the condenser is passed through the gas outlet 21b by the transfer pump P3. While being discharged to (26), only the liquid oil component remains inside the solvent recovery tank 22, and the liquid oil component is sent to the reaction tank 2 through the oil outlet 24 by the transfer pump P1. The polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the liquid oil component is desalted by liquid sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, and the vaporized solvent from the solvent cleaning tank 15 and the solvent recovery tank 22 sent to the condenser 26 is removed. A certain amount of condensation into the solvent reservoir 25 in the liquefied state As storage is sent to the washing tank 15 by the new non-solvent impregnation solid waste transfer or the solvent stored therein during the cleaning process of the solid matter pump (P4) it is continued by re-circulating.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치의 전체 처리공정을 나타낸 개략도Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall treatment process of the solid waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl according to the present invention

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치의 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 용제에 의한 세정처리공정을 나타낸 개략도Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the cleaning treatment process using a non-impregnated solid waste or a solid material of the solid waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl according to the present invention

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치의 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 건조처리공정을 나타낸 개략도Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the drying process of the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material of the solid waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl according to the present invention

< 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1. 고상폐기물 처리장치 2. 반응조1. Solid waste treatment device 2. Reactor

3. 반응조투입구 4. 가열히터3. Reaction tank inlet 4. Heating heater

5. 반응조배출구 6. 반응조오일유입구5. Reactor Bath Outlet 6. Reactor Oil Inlet

7. 열교환기 8. 필터프레싱부7. Heat exchanger 8. Filter pressing part

9. 침전분리조 10. 침전분리조유입구9. Precipitation Separation Tank 10. Precipitation Separation Tank Inlet

11. 처리유배출구 12. 침전물배출구11. Process oil outlet 12. Sediment outlet

13. 처리유저장조 14. 드레인배출구13. Treatment oil storage tank 14. Drain outlet

15. 용제세정조 16. 덮개15. Solvent cleaning bath 16. Cover

17. 용제투입구 18. 용제배출구17. Solvent inlet 18. Solvent outlet

19. 필터장치 20a, 20b. 가온수단19. Filter apparatus 20a, 20b. Heating means

21a, 21b. 가스배출구 22. 용제회수조21a, 21b. Gas outlet 22. Solvent recovery tank

23. 용제유입구 24. 오일배출구23. Solvent inlet 24. Oil outlet

25. 용제저장조 26. 응축기25. Solvent Storage 26. Condenser

27. 용제분사장치 28. 초음파발생장치27. Solvent injection device 28. Ultrasonic generator

P1, P2, P3, P4. 이송펌프P1, P2, P3, P4. Transfer pump

Claims (9)

폴리염화비페닐이 함유되어 있는 오일이 발유처리된 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물이 분쇄된 상태로 투입저장되며 내부에 저장된 탈염소시약과 함침성고상폐기물에 함침된 오일의 폴리염화비페닐이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조(2)와, 상기 반응조(2)로부터의 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물을 필터프레싱하여 고상물질은 용제세정조(15)로 보내고 액상물질은 침전분리조(9)로 보내는 필터프레싱부(8)와, 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 탈염처리된 액상물질이 투입저장된 상태로 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조(13)로 보내는 침전분리조(9)와, 상기 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 상기 고상물질이 투입저장된 상태로 내부에 저장되는 용제에 담금처리되어 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질에 묻어있는 오일성분이 용해되어 분리세정되도록 하며 세정처리에 따라 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 용제회수조(22)로 보내고 내부에 남아있는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 가열처리하여 표면에 잔류된 용제를 기화시켜 응축기(26)로 보내는 용제세정조(15)와, 상기 용제세정조(15)로부터의 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 투입저장된 상태에서 가열증류하여 비점이 낮아 기화되는 용제는 응축기(26)로 보내고 비점이 커서 액상으로 남아있는 오일성분은 반응조(2)로 보내는 용제회수조(22)와, 상기 응축기(26)에서 응축되어 액화된 용제가 내부에 저장되며 저장된 용제를 용제세정조(15)로 보내 재사용하는 용제저장조(25)로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.The oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl is stored and stored in the state of impregnated solid waste in the oil-treated solid waste, and the polychlorinated biphenyl of oil impregnated in the dechlorination reagent and impregnated solid waste stored therein is chemically reacted. And the desalting impregnated solid waste from the reaction tank (2) to be desalted and filtered, and the solid matter is sent to the solvent cleaning tank (15), and the liquid material is sent to the sedimentation separation tank (9). The outgoing filter pressing unit 8 and the desalted liquid material from the filter pressing unit 8 are cooled and stored at room temperature in a state where the desalted liquid material is stored. The sedimentation separation tank 9 sent to the treatment oil storage tank 13 and the solvent stored therein in a state in which the non-impregnated solid waste or the solid material of the solid waste is input and stored. The oil component contained in the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is immersed to dissolve and be washed separately. The oil-containing solvent is sent to the solvent recovery tank 22 according to the cleaning process and the non-impregnated solid remaining inside. The waste or solid material is heated, and the solvent cleaning tank 15 which vaporizes the solvent remaining on the surface to be sent to the condenser 26, and the solvent containing the oil component from the solvent cleaning tank 15 are stored. The solvent which evaporates by heating and distilling a low boiling point is sent to the condenser 26, the solvent recovery tank 22 which sends the oil component which remains in a liquid state to a liquid phase with the boiling point is condensed in the condenser 26, and liquefied. Solid-state waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl, characterized in that the solvent is stored therein and composed of a solvent storage tank 25 to reuse the stored solvent is sent to the solvent cleaning tank (15). 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 반응조(2)는 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 분쇄처리된 함침성고상폐기물이 투입되는 반응조투입구(3)가 형성되어 있고 내부에는 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 용융된 액상상태로 저장되어 있어 상기 반응조투입구(3)를 통해 내측으로 투입된 함침성고상폐기물이 액상나트륨에 담금처리되도록 되어 있으며 통상의 가열히터(4)가 내장설치되어 있어 반응조(2) 내부를 가열하도록 되어 있으며, 상기 반응조(2)의 하부에는 반응조배출구(5)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물과 액상나트륨이 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로 보내지도록 되어 있고 상기 반응조(2)의 상부에는 반응조오일유입구(6)가 형성되어 있어 상기 용제회수조(22)에서 증류처리되고 남은 액상의 오일성분이 내측으로 유입되면서 탈염처리되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.According to claim 1, wherein the reaction tank (2) is a cylindrical casing, the reaction tank inlet (3) is formed in the upper part of the pulverized impregnated solid waste is injected into the inside of the metal sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent is melted It is stored in the liquid state so that the impregnated solid waste introduced into the inside through the reaction tank inlet (3) is to be immersed in the liquid sodium, and the heating heater (4) is built in the interior to heat the reaction tank (2) In the lower part of the reaction tank (2), a reaction tank outlet (5) is formed so that the desalted impregnated solid waste and the liquid sodium are sent to the filter pressing unit (8). Reaction tank oil inlet (6) is formed in the upper portion to be desalted by distillation in the solvent recovery tank (22) and the remaining liquid oil flows into the inside. Solid waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl, characterized in that. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 침전분리조(9)와 용제세정조(15)는 통상의 열교환기(7)에 의해 연결되도록 되어 있어 침전분리조(9)의 상온냉각시 발생되는 고온의 열기를 상기 열교환기(7)가 열교환식으로 용제세정조(15)에 전달하여 용제세정조(15)의 가열 건조과정에서의 보조열원으로 사용하도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.The method of claim 1, wherein the sedimentation separation tank (9) and the solvent cleaning tank (15) is connected by a conventional heat exchanger (7) to prevent the high temperature heat generated during the room temperature cooling of the precipitation separation tank (9). The heat exchanger (7) is transferred to the solvent cleaning tank (15) in a heat exchange manner to be used as an auxiliary heat source during the heat drying process of the solvent cleaning tank (15). Waste disposal device. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 용제세정조(15)는 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 상부에는 덮개(16)가 구비되어 있어 고상폐기물 중 오일성분이 함침되지 않는 비함침성고상폐기물이 분해 및 분쇄된 상태로 투입되거나 또는 상기 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 고상물질이 투입되도록 되어 있으며 상기 용제세정조(15)의 일측면 상부에는 용제저장조(25)와 연결된 용제투입구(17)가 구비되어 있어 상기 용제저장조(25)로부터 공급되는 용제가 내부에 저장된 상태에서 상기 덮개(16)를 통해 내부에 투입되는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질이 내부에 저장된 용제에 잠겨 담금처리되면서 표면에 묻어 있거나 들러붙어 있는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 오일성분이 용제에 의해 용해되어 분리 세정되도록 되어 있고, 상기 용제세정조(15)의 일측면 하부에는 용제배출구(18)가 구비되어 있어 오일성분이 용해된 용제가 통상의 필터장치(19)를 거쳐 용제회수조(22)로 보내지도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.The method of claim 1, wherein the solvent cleaning tank 15 is a cylindrical casing and the upper cover 16 is provided in the state that the non-impregnated solid waste that is not impregnated in the solid waste of the solid waste is decomposed and pulverized Into the solvent or the solid-state material from the filter pressing unit 8 is introduced into the upper side of the solvent cleaning tank 15 is provided with a solvent inlet 17 connected to the solvent storage tank 25 is the solvent In the state that the solvent supplied from the reservoir 25 is stored therein, the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material introduced therein through the cover 16 is immersed in the solvent stored therein and is buried or stuck on the surface. The oil component containing polychlorinated biphenyl is dissolved and dissolved by a solvent, and a solvent outlet 18 is provided at one side of the solvent cleaning tank 15 below. It is non polychlorinated biphenyls a solid waste processing apparatus containing such a manner that the oil component to the solvent after the dissolution of the conventional filter device 19 is sent to the solvent recovery tank 22. 제 1항 또는 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 용제세정조(15)는 외측 바닥면 또는 하부 외주면에 가온수단(20a)이 구비되어 있고 일측면 상부에는 응축기(26)와 연결된 가스배출구(21a)가 형성되어 있어 상기 용제세정조(15)로부터 용제가 배출된 상태에서 상기 가온수단(20a)에 의해 용제세정조(15)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 남아 있는 용제성분이 기화되어 상기 가스배출구(21a)를 통해 응축기(26)로 배출되면서 상기 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 잔류된 용제성분이 제거되어 건조처리되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.According to claim 1 or 4, wherein the solvent cleaning tank 15 is provided with a heating means (20a) on the outer bottom surface or the lower outer peripheral surface and the gas outlet 21a connected to the condenser 26 on the upper side The non-impregnated solid waste or solid substance is formed when the internal temperature of the solvent cleaning tank 15 is heated to the boiling point of the solvent by the heating means 20a while the solvent is discharged from the solvent cleaning tank 15. The solvent component remaining on the surface of the gas is discharged to the condenser 26 through the gas outlet 21a, and the solvent component remaining on the surface of the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material is removed to be dried. Solid waste treatment apparatus containing a polychlorinated biphenyl. 제 1항 또는 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 용제는 메틸렌 클로라이드(Methylene chloride)로 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.The solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the solvent is made of methylene chloride. 제 1항 또는 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 용제세정조(15)는 내측 바닥면이나 내측 벽면에 용제분사장치(27) 또는 초음파발생장치(28)가 설치되어 있어 상기 용제분사장치(27)로부터 분사되는 용제 또는 상기 초음파발생장치(28)로부터 발생되는 초음파가 내측에 저장되는 용제에 유동성을 부여하여 세정효율을 높이도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.The solvent cleaning tank (15) according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the solvent cleaning tank (15) is provided with a solvent spraying device (27) or an ultrasonic wave generator (28) on an inner bottom surface or an inner wall surface. Solid waste treatment apparatus containing polychlorinated biphenyl, characterized in that to increase the cleaning efficiency by imparting fluidity to the solvent to be injected or the ultrasonic wave generated from the ultrasonic generator (28). 제 1항 또는 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 용제회수조(22)는 통형상의 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측면 상부에는 용제유입구(23)가 구비되어 있어 용제세정조(15)로부터 이송되는 오일성분이 함유된 용제가 내부에 투입 저장되도록 되어 있으며, 상기 용제회수조(22)의 바닥면 또는 하부 외주면에는 가온수단(20b)이 구비되어 있고 상부에는 응축기(26)와 연결된 가스배출구(21b)가 구비되어 있으며 일측면 하부에는 오일배출구(24)가 구비되어 있어 상기 가온수단(20b)에 의해 용제회수조(22)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면 용제회수조(22)의 내부에 저장되어 있는 오일성분이 함유된 용제에서 용제성분만 증류되어 기화되고 상기 가스배출구(21b)를 통해 응축기(26)로 배출되면서 상기 용제회수조(22)의 내부에는 액상의 오일성분만 잔류하게 되며 상기 액상의 오일성분은 오일배출구(24)를 통해 반응조(2)로 보내지도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리장치.The solvent recovery tank (22) according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the solvent recovery tank (22) has a cylindrical casing and a solvent inlet (23) is provided at one side of the upper portion so that the oil component transferred from the solvent cleaning tank (15) is The solvent contained therein is to be put and stored therein, and the heating means 20b is provided on the bottom or the outer peripheral surface of the solvent recovery tank 22 and the gas outlet 21b connected to the condenser 26 is provided on the upper portion. The lower side of one side is provided with an oil outlet 24 is stored in the solvent recovery tank 22 when the internal temperature of the solvent recovery tank 22 is heated to the boiling point of the solvent by the heating means 20b. Only the solvent component is distilled and vaporized from the solvent containing the oil component and discharged to the condenser 26 through the gas outlet 21b, so that only the liquid oil component remains inside the solvent recovery tank 22. Liquid One component is a poly a solid waste processing apparatus containing a chlorinated biphenyl, characterized in that which is to be sent to the reactor (2) through the oil outlet 24. 폴리염화비페닐이 함유되어 있는 오일이 발유처리된 고상폐기물 중 함침성고상폐기물을 분쇄하여 내부에 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨이 저장된 반응조(2)로 보내 융융된 액상나트륨과 함침성고상폐기물의 내부에 함침되어 있는 오일의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 화학반응하여 탈염처리되도록 하며 상기 반응조(2)에서 탈염처리된 함침성고상폐기물과 액상나트륨은 필터프레싱부(8)로 보내 필터링되면서 압축처리되어 고상물질은 용제세정조(15)로 보내고 액상물질은 침전분리조(9)로 보내 상온 냉각처리되어 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 침전 배출하고 상부에 뜬 오일성분은 처리유저장조(13)로 보내 저장하며, 상기 고상폐기물 중 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 필터프레싱부(8)로부터의 고상물질은 내부에 메틸렌 클로라이드로 된 용제가 저장되는 용제세정조(15)에 투입하여 상기 용제에 잠겨 2 ~ 4 시간 담금처리되면서 표면에 들러붙어 있는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 오일성분이 용제에 의해 용해되어 분리 세정되고 세정처리에 따라 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 필터장치(19)를 거쳐 용제회수조(22)로 보내고 상기 용제세정조(15)의 내부에 남아 있는 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질은 가온수단(20a)에 의해 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면서 비함침성고상폐기물 또는 고상물질의 표면에 잔류된 용제성분이 기화되어 응축기(26)로 보내지면서 건조처리되고, 상기 용제회수조(22)로 보내진 오일성분이 함유된 용제는 가온수단(20b)에 의해 용제회수조(22)의 내부온도가 용제의 비점에 맞게 가열되면서 용제성분만 기화되어 응축기(26)로 보내지며 상기 용제회수조(22)의 내부에 잔류된 액상의 오일성분은 오일배출구(24)를 통해 반응조(2)로 보내져 액상의 오일성분에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염소시약인 액상나트륨에 의해 탈염처리되고, 상기 응축기(26)로 보내진 용제세정조(15)와 용제회수조(22)로부터의 기화된 용제는 응축되어 액화된 상태로 용제저장조(25)에 투입 저장되며 내부에 저장된 용제는 용제세정조(15)로 보내지면서 순환식으로 재사용되도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 고상폐기물 처리방법.The oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl is pulverized and the impregnated solid waste is pulverized and sent to the reactor (2) in which the liquid sodium, a dechlorination reagent, is stored. The polychlorinated biphenyl component of the oil impregnated in the chemical reaction is desalted by the chemical reaction, and the impregnated solid waste and the liquid sodium desalted in the reaction tank (2) are sent to the filter pressing unit (8) and compressed and compressed to be solid. The material is sent to the solvent cleaning tank (15) and the liquid material is sent to the sedimentation separation tank (9). At room temperature, the sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during desalting are precipitated and discharged. The solid waste from the non-impregnated solid waste or the filter pressing unit 8 of the solid waste is low in methylene chloride. The oil component containing polychlorinated biphenyl stuck to the surface is immersed in the solvent cleaning tank 15, immersed in the solvent for 2-4 hours, dissolved and dissolved by the solvent, and separated and washed according to the cleaning process. The solvent containing the component is sent to the solvent recovery tank 22 through the filter device 19, and the non-impregnated solid waste or solid substance remaining inside the solvent cleaning tank 15 is heated by the heating means 20a. Solvent component remaining on the surface of the non-impregnated solid waste or solid material while being heated to the boiling point of is vaporized and sent to the condenser 26 and dried, and the oil-containing solvent sent to the solvent recovery tank 22 While the internal temperature of the solvent recovery tank 22 is heated to the boiling point of the solvent by the heating means 20b, only the solvent component is vaporized and sent to the condenser 26, and the liquid phase remaining inside the solvent recovery tank 22 is Oiliness The silver chloride outlet (24) is sent to the reaction tank (2) and the polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the liquid oil component is desalted by liquid sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, and the solvent cleaning tank (15) is sent to the condenser (26). And the vaporized solvent from the solvent recovery tank 22 is stored in the solvent storage tank 25 in a condensed and liquefied state and the solvent stored therein is sent to the solvent cleaning tank 15 to be reused in a circulating manner. Solid waste treatment method comprising a polychlorinated biphenyl.
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