KR101079117B1 - Variable displacement compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The variable displacement compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft disposed rotatably with respect to the cylinder block, and a piston accommodated in the cylinder bore for reciprocating movement. And a swash plate installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston, a housing in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber, and the crank chamber are formed, and a first control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate. In claim 1, the additional passage connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and the first communication passage connecting the discharge chamber and the crank chamber is formed, a second control valve is provided in the first communication passage, the second control valve is When the compressor is stopped, the first communication path is opened to move in a direction of decreasing the inclination angle of the swash plate.

Accordingly, by replacing and eliminating the electronic clutch of the prior art for controlling the operation of the compressor with the second control valve provided on the first communication path, it is effective in preventing weight reduction, cost reduction and noise generation.

Capacity variable compressors, control valves

Description

Variable displacement compressors {VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT COMPRESSOR}

The present invention relates to a variable displacement compressor, and more particularly, to a variable displacement compressor for moving the swash plate in the direction of the minimum inclination by increasing the pressure of the crankcase when the compressor is stopped.

Since the compressor included in the cooling system of the automotive air conditioner is directly connected to the engine through the belt, the rotation speed cannot be controlled.

Therefore, in recent years, a variable capacity compressor that can change the discharge amount of the refrigerant to obtain a cooling capacity without being regulated by the rotational speed of the engine has been used a lot.

Various types of variable displacement compressors are disclosed, such as swash plate type, rotary type and scroll type.

In the swash plate type compressor, the swash plate installed so that the inclination angle is variable in the crank chamber is rotated in accordance with the rotational movement of the drive shaft, and the piston is reciprocated by the rotational movement of the swash plate. In this case, the refrigerant in the suction chamber is sucked into the cylinder bore by the reciprocating motion of the piston, compressed, and then discharged into the discharge chamber. The inclination angle of the swash plate changes according to the pressure difference in the crank chamber and the pressure in the suction chamber, and the discharge amount of the refrigerant. Will be controlled.

In particular, by adopting a capacity control valve to open and close the valve to adjust the pressure of the crank chamber, through this to adjust the inclination angle of the swash plate to adjust the discharge capacity.

In addition, the drive shaft is provided with an electronic clutch for operating the transmission of the driving force of the engine, the electronic clutch serves to control and control the power to the compressor in accordance with the application of power. That is, the operation of the compressor is interrupted by the operation of the electromagnetic clutch.

However, the conventional swash plate type compressor has a problem in that weight and cost increase due to an electronic clutch for intermittent power.

In addition, the noise caused by the rapid fluctuation of the torque generated when the electronic clutch ON / OFF is generated, causing discomfort in the vehicle.

In order to solve this problem, a configuration in which a clutchless compressor is conventionally employed has been disclosed. However, in this case, the swash plate responds too quickly when the compressor is turned on or off.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a variable displacement compressor that prevents weight reduction, price reduction and noise generation by omitting the electronic clutch to control the operation of the compressor. have.

 In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a variable displacement compressor that maintains the durability and improves the response to the instantaneous movement in the direction of the minimum inclination angle of the swash plate.

A variable displacement compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft disposed rotatably with respect to the cylinder block, and in the cylinder bore. A first capacity for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the piston accommodated in the reciprocating movement, the swash plate is installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston, the housing and the swash plate in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed In a variable displacement compressor including a control valve, an additional passage connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and a first communication passage connecting the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed, and the second control valve is installed in the first communication passage. The second control valve opens the first communication path when the compressor is stopped so that the inclination angle of the swash plate decreases. Characterized in that for copper.

In addition, the area of the first communication path is formed larger than the area of the additional passage, it is preferable that the area of the first communication path is 10 mm 2 or less.

A variable displacement compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft disposed rotatably with respect to the cylinder block, and a piston accommodated in the cylinder bore for reciprocating movement. And a swash plate installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston, a housing in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber, and the crank chamber are formed, and a first control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate. In claim 1, wherein the additional passage connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and the second communication passage further connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber is formed, the second communication path is provided with a second control valve, the second control The valve closes the second communication path when the compressor is stopped to move in the direction of decreasing the inclination angle of the swash plate All.

In addition, the area of the second communication path is formed larger than the area of the additional passage, it is preferable that the area of the second communication path is 10 mm 2 or less.

In addition, the second control valve is preferably configured as an external control valve operated by an external signal.

According to the variable displacement compressor according to the present invention, there is an effect of preventing weight reduction, cost reduction, and noise generation by omitting the electronic clutch of the prior art that controls the operation of the compressor.

 In addition, the area of the first communication path or the second communication path is formed larger than the area of the additional passage and at the same time less than 10 mm2, the movement is instantaneous to the minimum inclination angle of the swash plate, which improves responsiveness and impact contact of the swash plate. No durability can be maintained.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the variable displacement compressor C includes a cylinder block 10 having a plurality of cylinder bores 12 formed on an inner circumferential surface in parallel in a longitudinal direction, and in front of the cylinder block 10. The front housing 16 is hermetically coupled, and the rear housing 18 hermetically coupled via a valve plate 20 at the rear of the cylinder block 10.

The crank chamber 86 is provided inside the front housing 16, and one end of the drive shaft 44 is rotatably supported near the center of the front housing 16, while the other end of the drive shaft 44 is Passed through the crank chamber 86 is supported via a bearing provided in the cylinder block 10.

In the crank chamber 86, the lug plate 54 and the swash plate 50 are provided around the drive shaft 44.

In the lug plate 54, a pair of power transmission support arms 62 each having a linearly perforated guide hole 64 formed at a central portion thereof are formed to protrude integrally on one surface, and a pin is formed on one surface of the swash plate 50. As the lug plate 54 rotates, the pin 66 of the swash plate 50 slides in the guide hole 64 of the lug plate 54 so that the swash plate 50 can be rotated. The inclination angle is variable.

In addition, the outer circumferential surface of the swash plate 50 is fitted to the piston 14 so as to be able to slide through the shoe 76.

Accordingly, as the swash plate 50 rotates in an inclined state, the pistons 14 fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the swash plate 50 via the shoe 76 reciprocate in the respective cylinder bores 12 of the cylinder block 10 do.

In addition, a suction chamber 22 and a discharge chamber 24 are formed in the rear housing 18, and each cylinder bore is provided in the valve plate 20 interposed between the rear housing 18 and the cylinder block 10. The suction port and the discharge port are respectively formed in the position corresponding to (12).

By the reciprocating motion of the piston 14, the refrigerant in the suction chamber 22 is sucked into the cylinder bore 12, compressed, and discharged to the discharge chamber 24. The pressure in the crank chamber 86 and the suction chamber ( The inclination angle of the swash plate 50 is changed according to the pressure difference in the 22 to adjust the discharge amount of the refrigerant.

Specifically, by installing the first control valve 100 in the passage connecting the discharge chamber 24 and the crank chamber 86 to open and close the valve to adjust the pressure of the crank chamber 86, through which the swash plate ( 50) by adjusting the inclination angle of the discharge capacity.

The first control valve 100 is composed of an internal control valve in which the opening and closing of the valve is adjusted by the internal pressure of the compressor (C), the internal control valve may be a membrane valve. Since such a membrane valve is a known technique, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, since the above-mentioned compressor (C) is not applied to the electromagnetic clutch, unlike the prior art, the second control valve 200 is installed to control the driving of the compressor (C).

More specifically, the additional passage 13 for connecting the suction chamber 22 and the crank chamber 86 is formed, and the first communication passage 15 for connecting the discharge chamber 24 and the crank chamber 86. ) Is formed.

In the drawing, the additional passage 13 and the first communication path 15 is formed over the cylinder block 10 and the rear housing 18, the formation of the additional passage 13 and the first communication path (15) There is no need to limit the location in this manner and may vary.

In addition, a second control valve 200 is installed in the first communication path 15 to control the refrigerant moving through the first communication path 15.

That is, the second control valve 200 opens the first communication path 15 when the compressor C stops, and the refrigerant in the discharge chamber 24 flows into the crank chamber 86 to increase the internal pressure. And, the swash plate 50 is moved in the direction of the minimum inclination angle by the elevated pressure.

Therefore, the swash plate 50 maintains the minimum inclination angle, so that the stroke of the piston 14 linked thereto is also minimized. Accordingly, the refrigerant flowing into the cylinder bore 12 is reduced and further the discharge capacity of the compressor C is minimized.

On the other hand, when the swash plate 50 maintains the minimum inclination angle (when the compressor is OFF), for example, when the occupant switches on the air conditioner, the second control valve 200 may be configured to provide a first communication path 15. ) And the refrigerant in the discharge chamber 24 does not flow into the crank chamber 86, so that the pressure of the crank chamber 86 gradually decreases through the bleeding passage 13, and at the same time, the suction pressure increases to increase the swash plate 50. Is to move in the maximum inclination angle direction is to increase the discharge capacity of the compressor (C).

On the other hand, if the area of the first communication path (15) is smaller than the additional passage 13, the amount of refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is more in the amount of falling into the suction chamber 22 through the additional passage 13, the minimum inclination angle It is difficult to realize immediate responsiveness because the movement is slow, and if the area is larger than 10 mm2, the reaction is too fast, which may cause an impact due to the inclined movement of the swash plate 50 and may cause discomfort in the vehicle due to sudden change of torque. there was.

Accordingly, the area of the first communication path 15 is larger than the area of the additional passage 13, and the area of the first communication path 15 is 10 mm 2 or less to obtain immediate response. It is possible to prevent the impact of the sudden swash plate 50 inclined movement. In addition, the impact of the swash plate 50 can be prevented to improve the durability of the compressor (C).

In addition, the second control valve 200 is configured as an external control valve operated by an external signal so that an immediate response is made upon opening and closing of the first communication path 15, wherein the external control valve is a solenoid valve. It is preferred to be configured.

At this time, the external signal to control the second control valve 200 is controlled by a control computer (ECU), the control computer is controlled by a signal such as an air conditioner switch, an Excel switch (acceleration cut) and a temperature sensor, etc. It is to determine whether the control valve 200 is opened or closed.

Hereinafter, in describing another embodiment of the variable displacement compressor according to the present invention, a configuration having the same configuration and function as the first embodiment of the present invention will be omitted by using the same reference numerals and will not be described in detail.

Second embodiment

2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the displacement variable compressor C according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a bleeding passage 13 connecting the suction chamber 22 and the crank chamber 86 is formed. The second communication path 17 which further connects the suction chamber 22 and the crank chamber 86 is formed. The additional passage 13 and the second communication path 17 may be formed over the cylinder block 10 and the rear housing 18.

In addition, a second control valve 200 is installed in the second communication path 17, and the second control valve 200 closes the second communication path 17 when the compressor C is stopped. The inclination angle of the swash plate 50 is moved in a decreasing direction.

More specifically, a part of the refrigerant being compressed in the cylinder bore 12 leaks into the crank chamber 86 when the compressor C is driven, and the leaked refrigerant is closed by the second control valve 200. Since it is not discharged to the communication path 17, the internal pressure of the crank chamber 86 is increased, and accordingly, the inclination angle of the swash plate 50 is reduced, so that the discharge capacity of the compressor C is also reduced.

On the other hand, when the swash plate 50 maintains the minimum inclination angle (when the compressor is OFF), when the air conditioner is switched on, the second control valve 200 opens the second communication path 17 to open the crank chamber. As the pressure of the 86 falls into the suction chamber 22, the internal pressure of the crank chamber 86 decreases and the suction pressure increases, so that the inclination angle of the swash plate 50 increases, so that the discharge capacity of the compressor C increases. do.

On the other hand, the area of the second communication path 17 is formed larger than the area of the additional passage 13, the area of the second communication path 17 is formed to less than 10mm2. This is for the same reason as in the first embodiment.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described in detail, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, It should be interpreted by the claim. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

* Description of symbols on main parts of the drawings *

100 ... first control valve

200 ... 2nd Control Valve

C ... variable displacement compressor

Claims (5)

A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft rotatably disposed with respect to the cylinder block, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, and a swash plate installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston In the variable displacement compressor comprising a first control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the housing and the swash plate in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed, A first communication path connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed; The second control valve is installed in the first communication path, The first control valve adjusts the pressure of the crank chamber by opening and closing a passage connecting the discharge chamber and the crank chamber during the operation of the compressor, and the second control valve opens the first communication path when the compressor stops. The refrigerant flows into the crank chamber, the internal pressure of the crank chamber is increased, the swash plate is moved in the direction of the minimum inclination angle, characterized in that the variable compressor. The method of claim 1, The area of the first communication passage is formed larger than the area of the additional passage, the area of the first communication passage is variable displacement compressor, characterized in that less than 10mm2. A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft rotatably disposed with respect to the cylinder block, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, and a swash plate installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston In the variable displacement compressor comprising a first control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the housing and the swash plate in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed, A second communication path connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and a second communication path further connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber are formed; The second control passage is provided with a second control valve, The first control valve adjusts the pressure of the crank chamber by opening and closing a passage connecting the discharge chamber and the crank chamber during operation of the compressor, and the second control valve closes the second communication path when the compressor stops The refrigerant of the discharge capacity is not discharged into the suction chamber, the internal pressure of the crank chamber is increased so that the swash plate moves in the direction of the minimum inclination angle. The method of claim 3, The area of the second communication passage is formed larger than the area of the additional passage, the area of the second communication passage is variable displacement compressor, characterized in that less than 10mm2. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The second control valve is a variable displacement compressor, characterized in that consisting of an external control valve operated by an external signal.

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