KR101099100B1 - Displacement control valve of variable displacement compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The variable displacement compressor of the present invention includes a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft rotatably disposed with respect to the cylinder block, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, and around the drive shaft. A variable displacement compressor including a swash plate connected to the piston, a housing in which a suction chamber, a discharge chamber and a crank chamber are formed, and a capacity control valve for adjusting a discharge capacity by adjusting an inclination angle of the swash plate. A bleeding passage connecting the crank chamber and a communication passage further connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber are formed. The communication passage is provided with a pressure actuating valve, and the pressure actuating valve is a liquid phase of the crank chamber refrigerant at the start of the compressor. It is characterized in that the communication path is opened when the occurrence conditions are satisfied.

Accordingly, by the communication path connecting the crank chamber and the suction chamber and the pressure actuating valve installed on the communication path, the liquid refrigerant of the crank chamber is discharged to the suction chamber through the communication path to prevent the operation delay of the compressor during the initial operation of the compressor. It works.

Variable displacement compressor, displacement control valve, pressure operated valve, crankcase, liquid refrigerant

Description

Capacity control valve of variable displacement compressor {DISPLACEMENT CONTROL VALVE OF VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT COMPRESSOR}

The present invention relates to a capacity control valve of a variable displacement compressor, and more particularly, a variable displacement compressor capable of preventing compression loss of the compressor because it controls the connection passage between the crank chamber and the discharge chamber and the connection passage between the crank chamber and the suction chamber. Relates to a capacity control valve.

Since the compressor included in the cooling system of the automotive air conditioner is directly connected to the engine through the belt, the rotation speed cannot be controlled.

Therefore, in recent years, a variable capacity compressor that can change the discharge amount of the refrigerant to obtain a cooling capacity without being regulated by the rotational speed of the engine has been used a lot.

Various types of variable displacement compressors are disclosed, such as swash plate type, rotary type and scroll type.

In the swash plate type compressor, the swash plate provided so that the inclination angle is variable in the crank chamber rotates according to the rotational motion of the rotating shaft, and the piston reciprocates by the rotational motion of the swash plate. In this case, the refrigerant in the suction chamber is sucked into the cylinder bore and compressed by the reciprocating motion of the piston, and then discharged into the discharge chamber. The inclination angle of the swash plate changes according to the pressure difference in the crank chamber and the pressure in the cylinder bore, and the amount of refrigerant discharged. Will be controlled.

In particular, by adopting a capacity control valve to open and close the valve to adjust the pressure of the crank chamber, through this to adjust the inclination angle of the swash plate to adjust the discharge capacity.

However, in the conventional swash plate compressor, the refrigerant liquefies and accumulates in the crank chamber when it is left unattended for a long time. Such liquid refrigerant evaporates during initial operation of the compressor to increase the pressure of the crank chamber to increase the inclination angle of the swash plate. There was a problem of delaying formation.

In addition, the pressure of the crankcase is further increased by the refrigerant gas leaking from the cylinder bore during the initial operation of the compressor.

As a result, the formation of the inclination angle of the swash plate is delayed so that the cooling device of the car does not have a cold wind for a certain time.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, an object of the present invention to provide a variable displacement compressor that prevents the operation delay of the compressor by discharging the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber to the suction chamber during the initial operation of the compressor. have.

A variable capacity compressor of the present invention for achieving the above object, the cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, the drive shaft is disposed rotatably with respect to the cylinder block, and the reciprocating movement in the cylinder bore is accommodated A variable capacity including a piston which is installed around the drive shaft, a swash plate connected to the piston, a housing in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed, and a capacity control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate. In the compressor, the additional passage connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and the communication passage further connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber is formed, the communication passage is provided with a pressure operated valve, the pressure operated valve of the compressor Characterized in that the communication passage is opened when the liquid phase generation conditions of the crank chamber refrigerant is satisfied at the start-up. .

In addition, it is preferable that the pressure actuating valve opens the communication passage when the pressure in the suction chamber is equal to or greater than the constant pressure or when the pressure in the discharge chamber is equal to or less than the constant pressure.

The pressure actuating valve is configured such that the pressures of the suction chamber and the discharge chamber act, and the communication passage is opened when the pressure difference between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber is equal to or less than a predetermined pressure.

On the other hand, the compressor is further provided with a check valve that is closed when there is no flow of refrigerant passing through the capacity control valve and the crankcase pressure is more than a predetermined value, the pressure operated valve, the closing of the communication path at the closing of the check valve It is preferable to open.

The pressure actuating valve is preferably linked to a movement in which the valve body of the displacement control valve blocks the refrigerant flow between the discharge chamber and the crank chamber, and the communication path is opened by the crank chamber pressure.

According to the variable-capacity compressor according to the present invention, the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber is discharged to the suction chamber through the communication passage by the communication path connecting the crank chamber and the suction chamber and the pressure actuating valve installed on the communication path. It is effective to prevent the delay of operation of the compressor.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure of the variable displacement swash plate compressor according to the present invention will be described schematically.

As shown, the variable displacement swash plate type compressor C has a cylinder block 10 having a plurality of cylinder bores 12 formed parallel to the inner circumferential surface in the longitudinal direction, and sealed in front of the cylinder block 10. The front housing 16 is coupled, and the rear housing 18 is hermetically coupled to the rear of the cylinder block 10 via a valve plate 20.

The crank chamber 86 is provided inside the front housing 16, and one end of the drive shaft 44 is rotatably supported near the center of the front housing 16, while the other end of the drive shaft 44 is Passed through the crank chamber 86 is supported via a bearing provided in the cylinder block 10.

In the crank chamber 86, the lug plate 54 and the swash plate 50 are provided around the drive shaft 44.

In the lug plate 54, a pair of power transmission support arms 62 each having a linearly perforated guide hole 64 formed at the center thereof are formed to protrude integrally on one surface, and one surface of the swash plate 50 has a ball. (66) is formed, the swash plate (50) while the ball 66 of the swash plate (50) is sliding in the guide hole 64 of the lug plate 54 as the lug plate (54) rotates The inclination angle of the is variable.

In addition, the outer circumferential surface of the swash plate 50 is fitted to the piston 14 so as to be able to slide through the shoe 76.

Accordingly, as the swash plate 50 rotates in an inclined state, the pistons 14 fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the swash plate 50 via the shoe 76 reciprocate in the respective cylinder bores 12 of the cylinder block 10 do.

In addition, a suction chamber 22 and a discharge chamber 24 are formed in the rear housing 18, and each cylinder bore is provided in the valve plate 20 interposed between the rear housing 18 and the cylinder block 10. A suction port 32 and a discharge port 36 are respectively formed in a position corresponding to (12).

By the reciprocating motion of the piston 14, the refrigerant in the suction chamber 22 is sucked into the cylinder bore 12, compressed, and discharged to the discharge chamber 24. The pressure in the crank chamber 86 and the cylinder bore ( 12, the inclination angle of the swash plate 50 is changed in accordance with the pressure difference in the inside, thereby controlling the discharge amount of the refrigerant.

Specifically, by installing the first control valve 100 in the passage connecting the discharge chamber 24 and the crank chamber 86 to open and close the valve to adjust the pressure of the crank chamber 86, through which the swash plate 50 ) To adjust the discharge capacity.

The first control valve 100 may be a solenoid valve for opening and closing the valve by energization from the outside or a membrane valve for opening and closing the valve in the interior, such a solenoid valve and the membrane valve is a known technique, so the detailed description Omit it. On the other hand, the present invention is applicable to all compressors of the swash plate type in addition to the above-described compressor.

Unlike the prior art, the compressor C according to the present invention is configured to discharge the liquid refrigerant of the crank chamber 86 into the suction chamber 22 during initial driving after being left for a long time to prevent the operation delay of the compressor.

More specifically, the additional passage 13 for connecting the suction chamber 22 and the crank chamber 86 is formed, the communication passage 15 for further connecting the suction chamber 22 and the crank chamber 86. ) Is formed.

In the figure, the additional passage 13 and the communication path 15 is formed to pass through the cylinder block 10, the formation position of the additional passage 13 and the communication path 15 need not be limited in this way. It can be changed in various ways.

In addition, the communication path 15 is provided with a pressure actuating valve 200, the pressure actuating valve 200 is a communication path when the liquid phase generation conditions of the refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 at the start of the compressor (C) is satisfied. The coolant is discharged to the suction chamber 22 by opening 15.

That is, when the refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is in a liquid phase condition, the pressure operating valve 200 is opened.

Such a criterion for determining the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the pressure actuating valve 200 may be configured when the pressure Ps of the suction chamber 22 is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure or the pressure Pd of the discharge chamber 24 is less than or equal to a predetermined pressure. When the communication path 15 is opened.

That is, the pressure actuating valve 200 is configured to act on the suction pressure Ps or the discharge pressure Pd to determine the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 to open the communication path 15.

More specifically, in the conventional compressor, the pressure in the suction chamber 22 is lowered at the time of turning ON, so that the refrigerant is sucked in. However, the high suction pressure Ps means that the refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is evaporated and the inclination angle is delayed. To indicate. In this case, the pressure-operated valve 200 is opened to discharge the high-pressure crank chamber 86 refrigerant to the suction chamber 22.

In addition, when the discharge pressure Pd is equal to or less than a predetermined pressure, it is determined that the pressure in the crank chamber 86 is high due to the liquid refrigerant, so that the swash plate 50 cannot maintain a predetermined inclination angle. That is, since the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is vaporized to increase the crank chamber pressure Pc, the pressure operating valve 200 is opened to discharge the refrigerant into the suction chamber 22.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure operated valve 200 may be configured such that the pressures of the suction chamber 22 and the discharge chamber 24 act.

That is, the pressure actuating valve 200 opens the communication passage 15 when the pressure difference between the suction chamber 22 and the discharge chamber 24 is equal to or less than a predetermined pressure.

More specifically, if the pressure difference between the suction pressure Ps and the discharge pressure Pd is below a certain level, the suction pressure Ps is high or the discharge pressure Pd is low. That is, when the suction pressure Ps is high or the discharge pressure Pd is low as described above with reference to FIG. 1, since the pressure Pc of the crank chamber 86 is high, the refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is a liquid refrigerant. Judging, the pressure actuating valve 200 opens the communication path 15 to discharge the refrigerant to the suction chamber 22.

In addition, as shown in Figure 3, the compressor (C) is further provided with a check valve 17 which is closed when there is no flow of refrigerant passing through the capacity control valve 100 and the crank chamber 86 pressure is high, The pressure actuating valve 200 opens the communication path 15 when the check valve 17 is closed.

More specifically, in the initial operation of the compressor, the capacity control valve 100 blocks the refrigerant of the discharge chamber 24 from flowing into the crank chamber 86 in order to increase the refrigerant discharge amount of the compressor C. At this time, when the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is vaporized and the pressure Pc of the crank chamber 86 is maintained at a high state, the check valve 17 is closed and the pressure control valve interlocked with the check valve 17 ( 200) is opened.

Therefore, when there is no flow of the refrigerant passing through the capacity control valve 100 and the pressure of the crank chamber 86 is high, the check valve 17 is closed and the pressure operated valve 200 linked thereto is opened to open the crank chamber 86. By starting the liquid refrigerant in the suction chamber 22 to prevent the start delay.

On the other hand, since the connection configuration of the check valve 17 and the pressure operated valve 200 can be implemented in various ways, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, since the pressure actuating valve 200 opens the communication path 15 at the time of driving the maximum discharge amount of the compressor C, the pressure of the crank chamber 86 can be lowered quickly, so that the movement to the maximum inclination angle of the swash plate 50 is possible. Get up immediately and improve responsiveness.

In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the pressure operated valve 200 may be configured such that the valve body 110 of the capacity control valve 100 blocks the refrigerant flow of the discharge chamber 24 and the crank chamber 86. The communication path 15 is opened in association with the movement. Specifically, the valve body 110 of the displacement control valve 100 and the valve body 210 of the pressure operated valve 200 is connected by the connecting means 211 are interlocked with each other.

More specifically, the valve body 110 blocks the flow of the refrigerant in the discharge chamber 22 and the crank chamber 86 at the time of driving the maximum discharge amount of the compressor C. At the same time, when the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is vaporized and the crank chamber 86 maintains a high pressure, the pressure actuating valve 200 is operated by the pressure to suck the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 into the suction chamber 22. To be discharged.

As a result, if there is no liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 when the compressor is ON, there is no delay in the initial operation due to the low pressure of the crank chamber 86. However, when the pressure of the crank chamber 86 increases due to the presence of liquid phase, the pressure-operating valve 200 ) Is opened to discharge the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 to the suction chamber 22.

Accordingly, the pressure actuating valve 200 opens the communication path 15 by driving the valve body 110 and the pressure of the crank chamber 86 at the time of driving the maximum discharge amount of the compressor C. Since the pressure can be lowered quickly, the movement occurs immediately at the maximum inclination angle of the swash plate 50, thereby improving responsiveness.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described in detail, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, It should be interpreted by the claim. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, the pressure actuating valve 200 installed in the communication path 15 adopts a check valve that opens at a predetermined pressure, and when the liquid refrigerant in the crank chamber 86 is vaporized to maintain high pressure, the communication path 15 is opened. It is also possible to discharge the refrigerant to the suction chamber 22.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a variable displacement compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

* Description of symbols on main parts of the drawings *

100 ... Capacity control valve

200 ... pressure operated valve

C ... variable displacement compressor

Claims (5)

A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft rotatably disposed with respect to the cylinder block, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, and a swash plate installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston In the variable displacement compressor including a capacity control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the housing and the swash plate in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed, The additional passage connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and the communication passage further connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber is formed, the communication passage is provided with a pressure operated valve, The pressure actuating valve opens a communication path when the liquid phase generation condition of the crankcase refrigerant is satisfied at the start of the compressor. The compressor is further provided with a check valve that is closed when there is no flow of refrigerant passing through the capacity control valve and the crankcase pressure is more than a predetermined value, The pressure operated valve, And the communication path is opened when the check valve is closed. A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores, a drive shaft rotatably disposed with respect to the cylinder block, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, and a swash plate installed around the drive shaft and connected to the piston In the variable displacement compressor including a capacity control valve for adjusting the discharge capacity by adjusting the inclination angle of the housing and the swash plate in which the suction chamber, the discharge chamber and the crank chamber are formed, The additional passage connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber and the communication passage further connecting the suction chamber and the crank chamber is formed, the communication passage is provided with a pressure operated valve, The pressure actuating valve opens a communication path when the liquid phase generation condition of the crankcase refrigerant is satisfied at the start of the compressor. The valve body of the capacity control valve and the valve body of the pressure operated valve are connected by connecting means, And the valve body of the pressure actuating valve is linked to a movement in which the valve body of the displacement control valve blocks the refrigerant flow between the discharge chamber and the crank chamber, and opens the communication path by the crank chamber pressure. delete delete delete

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