KR101075452B1

KR101075452B1 - Glass melting furnace

Info

Publication number: KR101075452B1
Application number: KR1020090095455A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 김영국
Original assignee: 김영국
Priority date: 2009-10-08
Filing date: 2009-10-08
Publication date: 2011-10-24
Also published as: KR20110038248A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a glass melting furnace for producing small glass that can dissolve cullet or glass raw materials using electricity, and in particular, does not use heavy oil or gas to solve the problem of combustion exhaust gas, and uses a crucible without using a crucible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a glass melting furnace which can solve the problems caused by the above, and obtain a constant melting quality regardless of the skill of the melting technician.

The glass melting furnace which concerns on this invention for solving the said subject consists of a frame, the exterior wall which laminated | stacked the heat insulation brick inside the said frame, and the fireproof wall which laminated | stacked the refractory brick inside the said exterior wall, and a cullet inside Or a kiln in which a space for dissolving the glass raw material is formed, and a blowout port for discharging the molten glass is formed on the front surface thereof; An electrode installed to protrude downward from the inside of the kiln and directly contacting the cullet or glass raw material to dissolve through resistance heat; And a heating element installed above the inside of the kiln so as not to contact the cullet or glass raw material to dissolve the cullet or glass raw material together with the electrode or to maintain the temperature of the molten glass. .

Glass Melting Furnace, Electrode, Heating Element, Fireproof Wall, Pole Refractory

Description

Glass Melting Furnace {GLASS MELTING FURNACE}

The present invention relates to a glass melting furnace capable of dissolving cullet or glass raw materials using electricity, and more particularly, eliminating the use of the crucible, thereby eliminating the risk and productivity degradation caused by the use of the crucible, and continuous operation for 24 hours. This does not require, and relates to a glass melting furnace with significantly improved productivity and safety compared to existing small glass melting furnaces.

Melting furnaces used to process glass on a small scale are generally arranged in stacks of refractory bricks with a large number of crucibles, and then burned with heavy oil or gas to heat the crucible with the heat of combustion. Dissolve to form a glass melt.

However, in the case of the melting furnace using heavy oil or gas as an energy source, since the heat of combustion is not uniformly distributed in the kiln, efficient melting operation cannot be performed, and soot generated during the combustion of heavy oil or gas pollutes the air. It has been the cause of complaints. In addition, the crucible mounted inside the furnace is easily broken during use. If the crucible is broken, a series of crucible replacement operations, such as torn down a part of the furnace, remove the damaged crucible and spilled molten glass, and then add a preheated new crucible This is not only dangerous, but has also been a major factor in productivity deterioration due to the inability to use the furnace during working hours. Furthermore, in the case of crucible furnaces, the crucible's damage greatly varies depending on the quality of the crucible and the proficiency of the melting technician who handles the crucible, resulting in a large variation in the yield, and it becomes increasingly difficult to cultivate skilled technicians who can handle the crucible Has been a huge burden on the management of the glass melting industry. Moreover, in recent years, the price of heavy oil or gas used as an energy source has risen steeply, making it difficult to achieve profitability with glass melting furnaces using conventional heavy oil or gas.

As a means for solving some of the problems of the crucible furnace using heavy oil or gas, as shown in FIG. 4, the crucible 23 is disposed inside the kiln 22 in which the carbon rod 21, which is a fuming body, is installed, and the carbon rod The electric crucible furnace 20 which melt | dissolves the cullet or glass raw material charged to the said crucible 23 by (21) is used.

Since the electric crucible 20 uses electricity as an energy source used to dissolve glass raw materials, the combustion exhaust gas is not discharged, but problems associated with using the crucible are not solved at all. On the contrary, when the crucible mounted inside is damaged, the crucible must be replaced while the furnace is completely cooled. Therefore, the cooling and heating time of the furnace is added to stop the operation of the crucible. The time is much longer than conventional heavy oil or gas crucible furnaces, resulting in a worse economic situation.

On the other hand, the continuous glass melting furnace which continuously melts in a melting furnace by the method of melt | dissolving glass, without using a crucible, and conveys a molten glass to a clarification chamber is known. This continuous glass melting furnace is suitable for mass production for 24 hours of continuous operation. In addition, since a separate clarification chamber must be provided, the equipment of the glass melting furnace is enlarged, and some glass overflows due to continuous work, and resources are wasted. there is a problem.

Therefore, it is difficult to use a continuous glass melting furnace for the production of multi-product small-scale hand-made glass products, which have a very small amount of glass dissolved at a time of several tons or less and cannot be continuously operated for 24 hours due to manual work.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, to solve the problem of the combustion exhaust gas without using heavy oil or gas, and to solve the above problems due to the use of the crucible without using the crucible An object of the present invention is to provide a glass melting furnace capable of obtaining a constant melting quality regardless of the skill of the melting technician.

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention comprises a frame, an exterior wall in which thermal insulation bricks are laminated inside the frame, and a refractory wall in which fire bricks are laminated inside the exterior wall, and the cullet or glass is formed therein. A kiln in which a space for dissolving the raw material is formed, and a blowout port for taking out the molten glass is formed on the front surface thereof; An electrode installed to protrude downward from the inside of the kiln and directly contacting the cullet or glass raw material to dissolve through resistance heat; It is provided in the upper portion of the inside of the kiln so as not to contact the cullet or glass raw material provides a glass melting furnace including a heating element for melting the cullet or glass raw material or maintain the temperature of the molten glass with the electrode. . The electrode may be made of molybdenum or tin oxide electrode, and the heating element may be used as long as it can be heated at high temperature using electricity such as a carbon heating rod or cantal.

Further, in the present invention, the refractory wall portion in direct contact with the glass melt is characterized by consisting of an electric pole refractory layer and a fire resistant castable layer cast between the electric pole refractory layer and the exterior wall. The pole refractories layer may be composed of a pole refractories with high resistance to molten glass, such as alumina-zirconia pole pole refractories.

In the present invention, the part of the refractory wall which is not in direct contact with the glass melt is characterized in that it consists of a siliceous refractory brick layer having low thermal expansion upon temperature change.

The glass melting furnace of this invention has the following effects.

First, the problem of combustion exhaust gas can be solved by not using heavy oil or gas.

Second, since the crucible is not used, various problems such as energy waste due to breakage and replacement of the crucible, productivity decrease due to work interruption, and injury to workers can be solved.

Third, after the glass melting operation is completed, the carbon heating rod can be used to insulate and clarify the molten glass, thus eliminating the need for a separate clarification chamber, and miniaturizing the glass melting furnace. It is much easier to work with than a furnace and does not require the same high working proficiency as a crucible furnace for night warming or melting.

Fourth, since the glass melting operation does not need to be performed continuously for 24 hours, overflow of the molten glass does not occur, and it can be particularly useful in the small glass melting industry for producing small quantities of various kinds.

The singular forms used to describe the embodiments of the present invention are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the phrases clearly indicate the opposite. And “comprises” means specific features, regions, integers, steps, actions, elements and / or components, and the presence or addition of other specific features, regions, integers, steps, actions, elements, components and / or groups. It is not excluded.

Hereinafter, a glass melting furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be variously modified without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a glass melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of a glass melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a front view of a glass melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention to be.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the glass melting furnace 1 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has an exterior wall 120 in which a heat insulating brick is largely stacked inside the metal frame 110, and the exterior wall 120. A kiln (100) consisting of a fireproof wall (130) in which fire bricks are stacked inside); A plurality of electrodes 200 installed in the lower half of the kiln 100; It is configured to include; a plurality of carbon heating rod 300 is installed in the upper half of the inside of the kiln (100).

The frame 110 is cut to stainless steel or ordinary steel sheet and welded to form a shape as shown in FIG.

Since the exterior wall 120 has a high temperature in use, a heat insulation brick having high fire resistance is used.

The portion of the refractory wall 130 that is in direct contact with the glass melt is a refractory castable layer 132 cast between the pole refractories layer 131 and the pole refractories layer 131 and the exterior wall 120. Is done. The electric pole refractory layer 131 is to replace the crucible 23 (see FIG. 4) used in a conventional glass melting furnace, and used a precision processed aluminum alumina-zirconia electric pole refractory material having high resistance to molten glass. . The refractory castable layer 132 firmly fixes the electric pole refractory layer 131 to the exterior wall 120 and prevents the molten glass from leaking due to a gap that may occur in the electric pole refractory layer 131. It serves as a sealing layer to prevent.

In addition, the part of the refractory wall 130 that is not in direct contact with the glass melt is composed of a siliceous refractory brick layer having low thermal expansion when the temperature is changed, thereby preventing rapid expansion when the temperature is changed, and even when restarting the electric furnace after use. Did not go.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a blowout port 140 is formed on a front surface of the kiln 100 to inject a cullet or glass raw material into a substantially middle portion and to take out the molten glass. On the other hand, the upper portion of the outlet 140 is inclined downward when viewed from the front, as indicated by the dotted line in Figure 3 is formed to prevent the heat loss and at the same time easy to take out the molten glass.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the electrode 200 is installed at the lower half of the kiln 100 so that the effective electrode 201 protrudes into the kiln 100. The electrode 200 serves to dissolve in direct contact with the cullet or glass raw material.

In the present embodiment, molybdenum or tin oxide electrodes were used as the electrodes 200, and two electrodes were installed below the four sides of the kiln 100. In addition, the electrode 200 is supported by the electrode block 202, and the problem that the glass melt leaks to the outside due to a gap that may occur between the electrode 200 and the pole refractory layer 131 is sealed Prevented by the refractory castable layer 132 acting. In addition, the cooling of the electrode 200 is made of a water-cooled method, such a water-cooled cooling method is a known technique that can be understood by those skilled in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

The carbon heating rod 300 is designed for ultra high temperature, is installed in the upper half of the kiln 100 so as not to contact with the cullet or glass raw material, in cooperation with the electrode 200 to the cullet or glass raw material Serves to maintain the temperature of the molten or molten glass. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the carbon heating rod 300 is disposed transversely across the side wall of the kiln 100 when viewed from the front side, and the carbon heating occurs farther from the outlet 140. The stack 300 of the rod 300 is increased.

The reason for arranging the carbon heating rod 300 in this embodiment of the present invention is that when the number of stacks of the carbon heating rod 300 in the vicinity of the outlet 140 is large, interference occurs in the process of handling the molten glass and thus the carbon This is to prevent the heat generating rod 300 from being damaged or difficult to handle the molten glass.

The carbon heating rod 300 does not play a direct role in dissolving the glass, but only an auxiliary role, and exerts its effects during the warming and clarification of the molten glass as described below. Even if the rod 300 is disposed, since the electrode 200 which plays a direct role in melting the glass generates high temperature heat, there is no temperature unevenness that may be a special problem inside the kiln 100.

Hereinafter, the operation of the glass melting furnace according to the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described.

First, the compounding raw material or the cullet required to manufacture the molten glass is charged through the outlet 140, and a heat is generated by flowing a current through the electrode 200 and the exothermic carbon rod 300 to dissolve the compounding raw material or the cullet. .

After the dissolution treatment is completed, a refining treatment for removing bubbles generated inside the molten glass due to the gas generated upon dissolving the glass is started. The clarification treatment can be performed by lowering the exothermic temperature of the exothermic carbon rod 300 than when dissolving the glass, and by turning off the use of the electrode 200 or setting it to a warm state. Typically, the exothermic carbon rod 300 may be set to a temperature of 1360 ~ 1400 ℃ when the glass is dissolved, and set to a temperature of about 1200 ℃ lower than when the glass is dissolved in the clarification process to lead to clarification.

The glass melting capacity of the glass melting furnace 10 can be designed in various ways, such as 0.2 ton, 0.5 ton, 1 ton, etc., by the design of the glass melting capacity can be smoothly coped with when problems such as the reduction of order quantity of the company.

As such, the glass melting furnace 10 according to the present invention can be carried out without dissolution and clarification of glass without a separate clarification chamber, so that the equipment of the glass melting furnace 10 can be miniaturized. In addition, as in conventional continuous glass melting furnaces, there is no problem that some glass overflows due to continuous operation and wastes resources, and the amount of glass melted at one time is very small to several tons or less and 24 hours continuous by manual operation. It is suitable for the production of hand-made glass products in small quantities and in small quantities that cannot be worked. In addition, it is possible to solve the problem of the combustion exhaust gas by using no heavy oil or gas. In addition, since the crucible is not used, various problems such as energy waste due to breakage and replacement of the crucible, productivity decrease due to work interruption, and injury to the worker can be solved.

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a glass melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a perspective view of a glass melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a front view of a glass melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing the structure of a conventional electric crucible.

[Description of Reference Numerals]

10: glass melting furnace 100: kiln

110: frame 120: exterior wall

130: fireproof wall 131: electric pole refractory layer

132: refractory castable layer 132: siliceous refractory brick layer

140: glass outlet 200: electrode

201: effective electrode portion 202: electrode block

300: exothermic carbon rod

Claims

As melting furnace for melting cullet or glass raw material,

It consists of a frame, the exterior wall which laminated the heat insulation brick inside the said frame, and the fireproof wall which laminated the fire brick inside the said exterior wall, The space for dissolving a cullet or glass raw material is formed in the inside, The kiln is provided with a blowout port for taking out the molten glass,

An electrode installed to protrude downward from the inside of the kiln and directly contacting the cullet or glass raw material to dissolve through resistance heat;

Glass is installed above the inside of the kiln so as not to contact with the cullet or glass raw material comprises a heating element for melting the cullet or glass raw material with the electrode or to maintain the temperature of the molten glass Melting furnace.

The method of claim 1,

And wherein the refractory wall portion in direct contact with the glass melt consists of an electric pole refractory layer and a fire resistant castable layer cast between the electric pole refractory layer and the exterior wall.

The method according to claim 1 or 2,

And wherein said refractory wall portion, which is not in direct contact with the glass melt, comprises a siliceous refractory brick layer having low thermal expansion upon temperature change.

The method according to claim 1 or 2,

The electrode is made of molybdenum or tin oxide electrode,

The heating element is a glass melting furnace, characterized in that consisting of carbon rods are heated through electricity.