CN108413767A - Novel cokeless furnace cupola and the method for utilizing the device molten iron - Google Patents

Novel cokeless furnace cupola and the method for utilizing the device molten iron Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108413767A
CN108413767A CN201810344350.8A CN201810344350A CN108413767A CN 108413767 A CN108413767 A CN 108413767A CN 201810344350 A CN201810344350 A CN 201810344350A CN 108413767 A CN108413767 A CN 108413767A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
furnace
carbon ball
burner
high carbon
cokeless
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Pending
Application number
CN201810344350.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王宇新
赵占良
赵保平
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Guangdong North Sheng Yitong Industrial Co Ltd
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Guangdong North Sheng Yitong Industrial Co Ltd
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Application filed by Guangdong North Sheng Yitong Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Guangdong North Sheng Yitong Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810344350.8A priority Critical patent/CN108413767A/en
Publication of CN108413767A publication Critical patent/CN108413767A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/082504 priority patent/WO2019201183A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/22—Arrangements of heat-exchange apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/28—Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the smelting equipment technical fields of cast iron, more particularly to novel cokeless furnace cupola, including furnace body and heating source, the cavity structure of furnace interior generally up and down, charge door and at least one tapping hole are provided on furnace body, charge door is connected to tapping hole by the cavity structure, wherein, the crucible zone and fusion zone of cavity structure are all provided with the filler section for being set to the high carbon ball for accommodating support furnace charge, heating source is neat gas burner, the burner of neat gas burner is set on furnace body, and positioned at the filler section of high carbon ball.The present invention substitutes water cooled grating and flame-proof sphere bed as stock column is supported using high carbon ball, the thermal loss that cooling water be taken away in the security risk and water cooled grating steel pipe for avoiding water cooled grating that from may coming to equipment belt.

Description

Novel cokeless furnace cupola and the method for utilizing the device molten iron
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting equipment technical fields of cast iron, more particularly, to a kind of novel cokeless furnace cupola and profit With the method for the device molten iron.
Background technology
Since the eighties in last century, a kind of nothing for using natural gas-oxygen burner as supplied heat source has been invented by Britain, Germany Burnt furnace cupola, with the clean energy resource of rich reserves --- substitute gas coke obtains good effects of energy saving and emission reduction, with tradition Coke furnace cupola compare, melt same amount of casting iron liquid, natural gas cokeless furnace cupola can reduce CO2Discharge 70% with On, reduce SO290% or more discharge.Meanwhile cokeless furnace cupola device structure, especially mating environmental protection equipment is relatively easy, throws Money is smaller, and can be transformed on the basis of original cupola equipment, without building new stove, therefore is easy in vast casting Enterprise, especially annual output is made to be promoted in 1~100,000 tons of medium and small Foundry Works below.
However, cokeless furnace cupola used at present there is problems：
1. due to being supported as the stock column in stove without coke, so increasing water cooling stove above natural gas combustion nozzle Grid, to carry furnace charge stock column.The water cooled grating is drained through water for one above thermal-flame and forces cooling steel pipe, these The steel pipe operating condition of high-temperature region is also more severe than water cooled furnace wall and water cooled tuyere, this not only increases the security risk of equipment, The temperature loss for also increasing the iron liquid drop for passing through water cooled grating, also adds the heat that cooling water is taken away in water cooled grating steel pipe Amount loss.Also, it is supported as stock column due to having to rely on water cooled grating, limits the volume of such furnace cupola so that The large-scale cokeless furnace cupola of 30t/h or more can not be prepared.
2. furnace cupola during normal melt cast iron, needs to spread one layer of Ceramic Balls on water cooled grating, ceramic layers of balls Thickness is generally required at 400~700mm (diameter of Ceramic Balls about 180~200mm), as " siege " of iron liquid overheat, due to Ceramic Balls during cupola melting otherwise breakdown consume, it is therefore desirable to which continuous blow-on supplements Ceramic Balls in the whole process (by taking German 15t/h cokeless furnace cupolas as an example, take around and mend increasing water cooled grating porcelain ball with every batch of furnace charge).Since Ceramic Balls are in stove It inside only serves support and raises the effect of siege, in addition without any beneficial effect, can only be consumption energy, finally also all become For clinker；In addition the price of Ceramic Balls is the several times of coke price, therefore the Ceramic Balls consumed daily also improve blow-on Cost.
3. the tapping temperature of cokeless furnace cupola is relatively low (general only 1400 DEG C or so) due to the above reasons, therefore needs Configure a power it is larger have core line frequency furnace as forehearth, additional heating and heat insulation function, Cai Nengrong are provided Dissolve 1500 DEG C of high temperature qualification iron liquid.
4. the larger furnace charge of steel scrap amount is added in this cokeless furnace cupola stove, it is also necessary to be added to iron liquid in forehearth Carburant carries out iron liquid recarburization practice.
It is increasingly strict to casting industry coke furnace cupola restrictive condition at present, in order to which adapt to that China continues to increase energy saving subtracts The dynamics of row, and at present natural gas extraction quantity constantly increases, price increasingly steadily and the condition for the drop that becomes, foundry industry at home Cokeless furnace cupola is promoted to have brought into schedule.And it develops a kind of cokeless furnace cupola that can overcome drawbacks described above and has become in the industry Problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.Therefore it needs to develop the advantages of one kind can either retain above-mentioned cokeless furnace cupola, and before being avoided that it The novel cokeless furnace cupola for stating listed disadvantage, to adapt to the development of Green foundry industry.
Invention content
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of novel cokeless furnace cupola is provided, to solve the above technical problems at least One.
Present invention firstly provides a kind of novel cokeless furnace cupola, including furnace body and heating source, furnace interior generally on The cavity structure of lower perforation is provided with charge door and at least one tapping hole on furnace body, and charge door and tapping hole pass through cavity knot Structure is connected to, wherein
The crucible zone and fusion zone of cavity structure are all provided with the filler section for being set to the high carbon ball for accommodating support furnace charge,
Heating source is neat gas burner, and the burner of neat gas burner is set on furnace body, and positioned at the filling of high carbon ball Section.
As a result, device furnace interior provided by the present invention be cavity structure, up and down, the crucible zone of cavity structure and Fusion zone is respectively provided with the filler section of high carbon ball, breaches and is usually arranged as sky at the cupola well of cokeless furnace cupola in the prior art Core structure is to improve the technical barrier and cognitive disorder of efficiency of combustion；
Secondly, support of the high carbon ball substitution water cooled grating as furnace charge is filled, heat effect, Er Qieyou not only were played to iron liquid In water cooled grating (water cooled grating is installation one being drained through water and force cooling steel pipe in the high temperature environment) is omitted, therefore avoid Security risk caused by steel pipe work condition abnormality, eliminates existing apparatus security risk present in production run, and Also relieve the limitation to cokeless furnace cupola volume, enabling the cokeless furnace cupola of different melting rates is prepared according to demand, it is special It is not the large-scale cokeless furnace cupola for prepare 30t/h or more；
Furthermore using neat gas burner as heating source, not only heat source temperature is high but also more energy efficient, and natural gas fires The burner of burner provides vapor and carbon dioxide high-temperature gas into stove, avoids due in high-temperature gas containing oxygen Oxidation reaction occurs with high carbon ball, reduces the loss of high carbon ball；Further, since natural gas-oxygen high temperature burner directly provides Heat needed for cupola melting, high carbon ball such as carbon ball, barren rock electrode ink stripping and slicing be there is no hole as coke in addition, Reactivity is low, and depletion rate is slow, and the highly stable of stock column is supported to be not easy to fluctuate, therefore is asked without scrupling " wind coke balance " again Topic, will not occur the Common Accidents of the furnace cupolas such as " bed coke height reduction ", " being born ", " black slag, hair wastes ", iron liquid oxidation again, So the working of a furnace is more stable, the normal production order and casting quality ensure that；Since iron liquid will not both aoxidize in furnace cupola, It is seldom to increase sulphur, therefore the degree of purity of iron liquid is relatively high, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron original iron melt of suitable for producing high quality.
In some embodiments, the high carbon ball of filling is carbon ball and/or graphite electrode stripping and slicing.As a result, when high carbon ball For carbon ball when, due to carbon ball dense non-porous and surface is covered with iron liquid, low with furnace high-temperature gas reaction, can be significantly It reduces carbon ball burn out rate and reduces waste residue amount, also there is carburetion so that process optimization, operation are easier.Due to high-carbon The height of top dome face to burner can influence the temperature and melting rate of iron liquid, thus in concrete practice, preferably by high-carbon top dome face The distance between burner is set as 400~700mm, and the height in high-carbon top dome face to burner is higher, and bonded hard ferrite magnet out is high, But melting rate will be declined；Conversely, height is lower, melting rate is promoted, but bonded hard ferrite magnet out is relatively low；This value model In enclosing, in conjunction with a large amount of practices and summarizes, ensure that the optimum balance of melting rate and bonded hard ferrite magnet.
In some embodiments, the high-carbon bulb diameter of filling need to be set according to furnace body demand, and size is applicable in, generally In the case of can be set as 150~300mm.Thereby, it is possible to make high carbon ball size ensure consistency, and in it is larger when, ensure that Good gas permeability and the thermal efficiency；But excessive, burning is impermeable, and the thermal efficiency is low, therefore by a large amount of practices and summarizes, present invention implementation Example preferably high-carbon bulb diameter is 150~300mm, to achieve the effect that good permeability in cupola well, the thermal efficiency are high.
In some embodiments, furnace charge is placed directly in high carbon ball, and furnace charge is metal charge, including the pig iron, foundry returns And steel scrap etc..As a result, it is load melting be iron liquid when, iron liquid drip during high-carbon globule is fallen, high carbon ball also plays overheat Effect, greatly promotes the temperature that iron liquid goes out liquid so that the more energy efficient material-saving of device.
In some embodiments, the heat source temperature that neat gas burner burner is provided is 1700 DEG C -2000 DEG C.By This, burner sprays into high temperature gas flow into stove, ensure that high temperature requirement required in stove, also, along high-carbon when load melting after When gap between ball is flowed to tapping hole, air-flow and high carbon ball played heat effect to iron liquid so that the iron liquid finally flowed out Temperature can reach 1500 DEG C or more, it might even be possible to before being no longer configured with core line frequency furnace as iron liquid heat preservation heating use Stove.
In some embodiments, heating source is around furnace body at least provided with a row, and a row is uniformly placed at least two, preferably For 4~12 heating sources；When equipped with two rows of heating sources, it can be arranged in a manner of just setting, being inverted or waiting and set between often arranging.As a result, Heating source is set to using annular arrangement mode on furnace body, convenient for being heated to furnace body to comprehensive input high temperature gas flow in stove, And when the two rows of and above heating source is arranged in furnace interior, smelting efficiency can be improved.
Specifically, when two rows of heating sources are arranged on furnace body, it refers to that the maximum row burner of general power is placed in down just to set Row and the maximum exhaust heat source of general power account for the 70%~90% of whole heat source general powers, wait set refer to each row's burner general power Equal, inversion refers to that the maximum row burner of general power is placed in row and the maximum exhaust heat source of general power accounts for whole heat source total works The 70%~90% of rate；Wherein, burner is arranged on when just setting apart from 200~400mm of top surface, when inversion on row's burner apart from top surface 400~700mm is waited and is arranged burner on when setting apart from 400~600mm of top surface.
In some embodiments, further include at least one fecal iron separator and at least one gap bridge, each tapping hole is equal It is connected respectively with a fecal iron separator via passing a bridge.The iron liquid and waste residue that melting finishes as a result, flow out furnace body by tapping hole Afterwards, fecal iron separator is flowed directly by gap bridge, iron liquid continuously outflows, while fecal iron separator also constantly filters waste residue so that The iron liquid that finally flows out is pure, without slag, realizes that continuity is tapped a blast furnace.Also, when there are two the tapping holes and fecal iron separator of setting Or more when, can facilitate repair, replace refractory material, realize long-term continuous production.
In some embodiments, neat gas burner is the high-temperature burner with natural gas-oxygen burner.As a result, Using natural gas-oxygen burner, vapor and carbon dioxide high-temperature gas are provided to ensure burner into stove, and without reduction Property gas, reduces the loss of high carbon ball；Moreover, using the high-temperature burner of natural gas-oxygen burner, to ensure to carry into stove For higher temperature.
In some embodiments, further include measuring system for judging high carbon ball height change, wherein the measurement The mathematics computing model that the relationship gone out according to system between iron, material proportion and high carbon ball height change is established, or peace Loaded on the load melting position measurement instrument in furnace body, wherein measuring system can carry out Modeling Calculation or direct according to the prior art Purchase uses.Thus, it is possible to monitor the residual altitude of high carbon ball in real time by measuring system, calculated with material analyzing by calculating The scaling loss amount for going out high carbon ball, convenient for controlling and understanding the magnitude of recruitment and alternate frequency of high carbon ball, to realize the steady of the furnace cupola working of a furnace Fixed operation and automation, intelligentized control method.
Claimed novel cokeless furnace cupola is due to eliminating above existing cokeless furnace cupola combustor nozzle Water cooled grating and flame-proof sphere bed, and instead high carbon ball is carried as support stock column into stove metal charge, avoids water cooling The security risk that grate may come to equipment belt, also avoids temperature loss and the water cooling stove of the iron liquid drop for passing through water cooled grating The thermal loss that cooling water is taken away in grid steel pipe.Meanwhile flame-proof sphere bed is replaced with high carbon ball, not only reduce cupola melting mistake Clinker in journey, and it can also be that the iron liquid melted in stove drips carburetting, therefore can increase steel scrap and low quality stove to be added in stove The dosage of material, to reduce iron liquid cost.Such structure design not only reduces cost, reduces waste residue, but also can be with melting Go out the higher molten iron of quality.
Another purpose according to the present invention provides a kind of method using above-mentioned novel cokeless furnace cupola molten iron, step It is as follows：
S1. high carbon ball is loaded into furnace body according to preset height threshold, wherein height threshold is the high carbon ball of accumulation Top surface is at a distance from burner；
S2. it utilizes neat gas burner burner to light a fire, preheating 1-2h is carried out to furnace interior；
S3. when in-furnace temperature is at least above 150 DEG C of the fusing point of metal charge, metal charge is packed into stove；
S4. molten iron, continuous tapping water.
Method disclosed in this invention using above-mentioned novel cokeless furnace cupola molten iron, in operating procedure, control technology side Face greatly simplifies, first, not combustion of coke, then just subtracting significantly to reduce the lime stone flux that the fusing point of coke ash is added It is few, therefore the quantity of clinker also significantly reduces, it can be further energy saving, and reduce the discharge of solid waste；Secondly because Using high carbon ball, when iron liquid flows through high carbon ball, iron liquid carburetting can be made, eliminate and carburant is added to iron liquid so that technique is excellent Change, operation are easier；Again, due to cancellation water cooled grating and Ceramic Balls siege, the inspection and reparation of grate steel pipe are eliminated, it is excellent Abbreviationization also significantly improves the safety of blow-on operation while operation.
In some embodiments, further include feed supplement step, feed supplement step concrete operations are as follows：
It is precalculated according to the consumption rate of material proportion and high carbon ball and obtains furnace charge filling batch and time and high carbon ball Alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment；
The high-carbon of corresponding magnitude of recruitment is added into furnace body when supplementing furnace charge according to high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment Ball.The method disclosed in the present breaches the technology that can not quantitatively calculate Ceramic Balls consumption in the prior art and lacks as a result, It falls into, using the smelting technology of the present apparatus, the waste of high carbon ball, the proportion of goods damageds and additive amount, addition frequency can be calculated And control, realize that automation, intelligence provide condition for furnace cupola so that operating procedure and control technology all greatly simplify, Greatly improve production efficiency.
In some embodiments, preset height threshold is 600~900mm.Empty 1-2h can be burnt in furnace body warm, Thus, it is contemplated that the loss of high carbon ball, the top surface of high carbon ball is maintained at 400 with burner distance when entering stove in order to ensure metal charge ~700mm can set a height threshold (by calculating when initially filling high carbon ball according to the Expenditure Levels of high carbon ball To or take empirical data), and the filling of high carbon ball is carried out according to the height threshold, so that when metal charge is added and molten During refining, top surface and the burner distance of high carbon ball remain at 400~700mm.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the novel cokeless furnace cupola of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that (part-structure is not for a kind of cross-sectional view of use state of novel cokeless furnace cupola shown in FIG. 1 It shows)；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of another use state of novel cokeless furnace cupola shown in FIG. 1.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1-Fig. 2 schematically shows a kind of specific embodiment party for the novel cokeless furnace cupola implemented according to the present invention Formula, as shown, in the present embodiment, which includes furnace body 1, heating source 2, the charge door 6 for being placed in furnace body top, is placed in stove Tapping hole 7, fecal iron separator 3 and the gap bridge 4 of body bottom end,
Wherein, furnace body 1 is vertically arranged, when off working state, generally cavity structure inside furnace body 1, up and down, cavity The crucible zone and fusion zone of structure are all provided with the filler section 11 for being set to the high carbon ball 5 for accommodating support furnace charge 8；
When working condition, 1 under-filled section 11 of furnace body, which is filled with, to be in direct contact with furnace charge 8, as the height for supporting furnace charge 8 Carbon ball 5；
Heating source 2 is the high-temperature burner with natural gas-oxygen burner, if there are four, it is symmetrically distributed in below furnace body, It is connected to the filler section 11 of 1 lower section of furnace body by burner 21,
Burner 21 is equipped with four accordingly, is symmetrically distributed in 1 lower section of furnace body and is placed with the filler section 11 of high carbon ball 5 It is connected, and tilts down and be directed toward 1 center of furnace body, 21 power of each burner is 2.7MW, and burner 21 is provided into furnace body Be 1900 DEG C of high temperature H2O (vapor) and CO2, the bonded hard ferrite magnet finally flowed out is allow to reach 1450 DEG C or more；
Tapping hole 7, fecal iron separator 3 and gap bridge 4 are respectively provided with one, and tapping hole 7 is via 4 and 3 phase of fecal iron separator of passing a bridge After connection, iron liquid and waste residue flow out furnace body by tapping hole, fecal iron separator is flowed to through passing a bridge, fecal iron separator filters waste residue, and Iron liquid is then continuously flowed out by fecal iron separator.Wherein, the melting rate of the cokeless furnace cupola provided in the embodiment can reach 15t/h。
In this embodiment, high carbon ball is carbon ball, and carbon bulb diameter is 150~200mm, between carbon ball and carbon ball Gap is formed, on the one hand high-temperature gas is convenient for circulate, is on the one hand convenient for iron liquid drop to be dripped downwards along carbon ball, is on the other hand Iron liquid carburetting during drippage；Carbon ball is whole to form stock column support again, and furnace charge is maintained to be in the top of heating source 2.
In concrete practice, the furnace charge being added in stove is metal charge, including the pig iron, foundry returns and steel scrap；When furnace charge is When the pig iron, the magnitude of recruitment of carbon ball can be reduced suitably in fusion process；And when furnace charge is steel scrap, to the magnitude of recruitment of carbon ball Can suitably it increase.
The top surface 12 of high carbon ball is higher by burner 21 apart from not less than 600mm in this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, further include measuring system (not shown) for detecting high carbon ball height change, wherein Measuring system is the mathematics computing model established according to the relationship between melting rate, tapping temperature and high carbon ball height change (the furnace cupola expert model that the model can refer to the prior art is realized), can judge nothing by tapping temperature and melting rate The height variation of carbon ball support stock column in burnt furnace cupola stove；By monitoring the scaling loss amount of high carbon ball, convenient for controlling to high carbon ball Supplement speed and magnitude of recruitment, to realize stable operation and automation, the intelligentized control method of the furnace cupola working of a furnace.
Equipment in the present embodiment, which melts the bonded hard ferrite magnet, can be increased to 1500 DEG C, all due to iron liquid sulfur-bearing, the oxygen amount It is relatively low, can directly stokehold connect iron liquid carry out spheroidising, the main melting iron liquid trade mark be QT400-18, QT500-7, HT200, HT250 etc., radix is 7000 hours (four groups working in three shifts) when year, melts 100,000 tons of iron liquid in year.
Using the method for cokeless furnace cupola molten iron, steps are as follows：
S1：Multiple carbon balls are loaded into furnace body, carbon ball directly contacts with furnace charge and as the carrying stock column of furnace charge, carbon The apical side height of plain ball exceeds 600~900mm of neat gas burner burner；
S2：Blow-on is lighted a fire using natural gas-oxygen burner of neat gas burner, and makes burner temperature by being passed through oxygen Degree is maintained at 1700 DEG C -2000 DEG C, duration 1-2h is kept, at this point, burner sprays into high temperature H into stove2O (vapor) and CO2, high Wet body flows up on one side preheats furnace interior, is heated on one side to carbon ball；
S3：When in-furnace temperature is at least above 150 DEG C of the fusing point of metal charge, furnace charge is put into stove via charge door, Keep furnace charge top surface in charge door lower edge during entire blow-on；
S4：With stove vivo environment temperature rise and high-temperature gas flow up to furnace charge heating so that it is gradually melted under It falls, continuous tapping water, during the iron liquid after fusing drops in whereabouts, the gap between carbon ball falls, by High Temperature Gas Further fully heating (overheating) reaches requirement so that iron liquid flows out temperature for body and carbon ball, and carbon ball is that phosphorus content is higher Substance, iron liquid drop by carbon ball when being capable of carburetting；
S5：With the fusing of furnace charge, needs the optionally charging with furnace charge suitably to increase high carbon ball and makees a small amount of supplement, In, the supplement of high carbon ball may be implemented to show that furnace charge fills batch to precalculate according to the consumption rate of material proportion and high carbon ball With time and high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment, according to high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment, when supplementing furnace charge, to stove The high carbon ball of corresponding magnitude of recruitment is added in vivo.
Oxygen is not contained in the high-temperature gas that burner is sprayed into stove, in addition carbon ball dense non-porous, reactive very low, institute With high temperature H2O (vapor) and CO2Oxidation-reduction reaction will not largely occur therewith, only when high temperature iron liquid stream is through carbon ball Gap when can carburetting and so that it is lost on a small quantity, therefore the consumption of high carbon ball can carry out quantitative calculating, in this manner it is possible to A small amount of carbon ball is suitably supplemented with metal charge as needed.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the specific embodiment for the novel cokeless furnace cupola of another kind implemented according to the present invention.
As shown, the difference is that, in embodiment shown in Fig. 3, heating source 2 is day with embodiment shown in Fig. 2 Right air burner is often arranged around furnace body 1 equipped with two rows and sets there are four and be symmetrically distributed in 1 lower section of furnace body, and two rows of heating sources 2 are in etc. The mode of setting is arranged, wherein be independently arranged between heating source and heating source, often arrange between be also independently arranged, above a row heating The burner 21 in source 2 is 400~600mm with a distance from top surface 12, below the burner 21 of row's heating source be with a distance from top surface 12 500~700mm.
Wherein, often the burner 21 of row's heating source 2 is placed in 1 lower part of furnace body, and the region corresponding to burner 21 is filled with height Carbon ball 5；The power of each burner 21 is 2.7MW, and the general power often arranged is then 10.8MW, and the general power of all heating sources is The melting rate of 21.6MW, the cokeless furnace cupola provided in the embodiment can reach 30t/h.
There are two tapping hole, fecal iron separator and gap bridge are all provided in embodiment shown in Fig. 3, in novel cokeless furnace cupola, Two of which tapping hole is disposed adjacent, and when usually producing, only can open and run wherein a set of tapping hole and fecal iron separator, It is another set of give over to it is spare；Due to needing repairing after the refractory material long-time use in fecal iron separator, at this point it is possible to by cutting It changes spare tapping hole and fecal iron separator repairs, to ensure continuous production.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 3, high carbon ball 5 is carbon ball and a small amount of barren rock electrode ink stripping and slicing.
Above-described is only some embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, not Under the premise of being detached from the invention design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection model of the present invention It encloses.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of novel cokeless furnace cupola, which is characterized in that including furnace body (1) and heating source (2), the furnace body (1) is internal whole Body is cavity structure up and down, and charge door (6) and at least one tapping hole (7), the charge door are provided on furnace body (1) (6) it is connected to by the cavity structure with tapping hole (7), wherein
The crucible zone and fusion zone of the cavity structure are all provided with the filling for being set to the high carbon ball (5) for accommodating support furnace charge (8) Section (11),
The heating source (2) is neat gas burner, and the burner (21) of the neat gas burner is set on furnace body (1), and position Filler section (11) in high carbon ball (5).
2. novel cokeless furnace cupola according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high carbon ball (5) of filling is carbon Ball and/or graphite electrode stripping and slicing.
3. novel cokeless furnace cupola according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the top surface of the high carbon ball (5) of filling (12) it is higher by (21) 400~700mm of burner.
4. novel cokeless furnace cupola according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the heat source temperature that the burner (21) provides It is 1700 DEG C -2000 DEG C.
5. novel cokeless furnace cupola according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating source (2) around furnace body (1) at least Equipped with a row, and often row is uniformly placed at least two heating sources (2).
6. novel cokeless furnace cupola according to claim 5, which is characterized in that when equipped with two rows of heating sources (2), often arrange Between arranged in a manner of just setting, being inverted or waiting and set.
7. according to the novel cokeless furnace cupola of claim 1-6 any one of them, which is characterized in that further include at least one slag iron Separator (3) and at least one gap bridge (4), each tapping hole (7) is respectively via gap bridge (4) and a fecal iron separator (3) It is connected.
8. novel cokeless furnace cupola according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the neat gas burner is with natural The high-temperature burner of gas-oxygen burner.
9. utilizing the method for cokeless furnace cupola molten iron described in claim 1, which is characterized in that steps are as follows：
S1. high carbon ball is loaded into furnace body according to preset height threshold, wherein the height threshold is the high carbon ball of accumulation Top surface is at a distance from burner；
S2. it utilizes neat gas burner burner to light a fire, furnace interior is preheated；
S3. when in-furnace temperature is at least above 150 DEG C of the fusing point of metal charge, metal charge is packed into stove；
S4. molten iron, continuous tapping water.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, further include the steps that feed supplement, the step of feed supplement, wraps It includes：
It is precalculated according to the consumption rate of material proportion and high carbon ball and obtains furnace charge filling batch and time and high carbon ball supplement Frequency and magnitude of recruitment；
According to high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment, when supplementing furnace charge, the high carbon ball of corresponding magnitude of recruitment is added into furnace body.
11. method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the preset height threshold is 600~900mm.
CN201810344350.8A 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Novel cokeless furnace cupola and the method for utilizing the device molten iron Pending CN108413767A (en)

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