CN208108781U - Plasma melting furnace cupola - Google Patents
Plasma melting furnace cupola Download PDFInfo
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- CN208108781U CN208108781U CN201820555970.1U CN201820555970U CN208108781U CN 208108781 U CN208108781 U CN 208108781U CN 201820555970 U CN201820555970 U CN 201820555970U CN 208108781 U CN208108781 U CN 208108781U
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 154
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001047 Hard ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000143432 Daldinia concentrica Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the smelting equipment fields of cast iron, more particularly to a kind of plasma melting furnace cupola, including furnace body and heating source, the cavity structure of furnace interior generally up and down, feed opening and at least one tapping hole are provided on furnace body, feed opening is connected to tapping hole by the cavity structure, the crucible zone and fusion zone of its cavity structure are all provided with the filler section for being set to the high carbon ball for accommodating support furnace charge, heating source is plasma gun, plasma gun is set on furnace body, and is located at the filler section of high carbon ball.The utility model selects plasma gun as heating source, using plasma gun to furnace injection high temperature nitrogen plasma, heating fusing is carried out to metal charge, more environmentally-friendly, easy to operate, non-carbon-emitting and without sulphur emissions, it is particularly suitable for the area that electric power is sufficient, electricity price is cheap, can preferably adapt to the growth requirement of Green foundry industry.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the smelting equipment fields of cast iron, more particularly, to a kind of plasma melting furnace cupola.
Background technique
Furnace cupola is high with its thermal efficiency, metallurgical effect is good, to furnace charge require it is lower, can long-time continuous tapping, production imitate
Rate is high, can meet the advantages that high-volume continuous production, becomes the main melting equipment that large and medium-sized foundry enterprise generally uses.But with
Various countries it is increasingly strict to the limitation of carbon emission, Green foundry is increasingly becoming the developing goal of foundry industry, and the dedusting of furnace cupola is de-
The investment and operation cost of sulphur equipment continue to increase and the consumption of high-quality caking coal resource and reduction cause foundry coke price
It rises steadily, to improve the production and operation cost of furnace cupola.
In order to reach energy-saving and emission-reduction purpose, the traditional chemical energy is gradually substituted with electric power in the prior art, but new energy at present
Application or blank out of the source on furnace cupola.
And steady with becoming for the fast development of the renewable energy such as water power, wind-powered electricity generation, solar power generation and power price in recent years,
Become drop, it is contemplated that if using electric power as furnace cupola heat source (and it is indirect using the electric heating such as electric arc furnaces, coreless induction furnace effect
Rate and the relatively low melting unit of productivity), become a kind of novel non-carbon-emitting, the electric power without sulphur emissions without burnt soaring
Furnace, will economically, in environmental protection, technically, it is all more worthwhile in operation and conveniently.Therefore, it develops and a kind of is taken with new energy
For the cokeless furnace cupola of the traditional chemical energy, it has also become the new technology project urgently broken through in the industry.
Utility model content
One aspect according to the present utility model provides a kind of plasma melting furnace cupola, is asked with solving above-mentioned technology
At least one of topic.
A kind of plasma melting furnace cupola, including furnace body and heating source, the cavity of furnace interior generally up and down
Structure is provided with feed opening and at least one tapping hole on furnace body, and feed opening is connected to tapping hole by cavity structure, wherein
The crucible zone and fusion zone of cavity structure are all provided with the filler section for being set to the high carbon ball for accommodating support furnace charge,
Heating source is plasma gun, and plasma gun is set on furnace body, and is located at the filler section of high carbon ball.
Device provided by the utility model uses plasma gun as heat source as a result, instead of in existing furnace cupola
The traditional chemical energy, realizing through electric power energy is furnace cupola heat supply, and has reached " zero-emission " of carbon and sulphur, is being remained
While furnace cupola advantage, and the disadvantage of traditional furnace cupola high pollution, maximum discharge is changed, energy conservation and environmental protection has adapted to green casting
Make the growth requirement of industry.This furnace cupola using electric power energy heat supply, in the regenerated electric powers energy such as water power, wind-powered electricity generation, solar energy
Abundant and cheap area can especially bring contribution outstanding and effect in terms of reduction energy saving.
Secondly, using high powered plasma rifle as the heat source of furnace cupola, than coke ignition temperature can be higher by 1000~
1700 DEG C (such as being increased to 3000~3700K from 2000K), make the heat of overheat (be radiation thermal conduction) of the iron liquid in furnace cupola
Efficiency improves 5 times to 10 times or more, i.e.,：
(3000~3700K/2000K)4=5.06~11.71 (again)
The problem for keeping the furnace cupola overheat thermal efficiency relatively low is obviously improved, and can be greatly improved the tapping temperature of iron liquid, be used
Iron temperature is easily reached 1550 DEG C or more, to reduce the energy consumption of iron liquid heat preservation temp.-elevating electric furnace, more environmentally-friendly, melting cost is more
Discharge low, carbon-free and without sulphur.And smelting temperature high in this way is lower by gasification points such as the arsenic, antimony, bismuth, the telluriums that make in iron liquid
Trace harmful elements volatilization, improves iron liquid degree of purity, is more suitable for the higher production occasion of iron liquid quality requirement.
Furthermore furnace interior fills support of the high carbon ball as furnace charge, not only plays heat effect to iron liquid, additionally it is possible to mistake
The iron liquid of heat carries out carburetting, allows to largely use steel scrap as furnace charge, reduces iron liquid cost；Moreover, because plasma gun
The heat source of ejection is nitrogen, not oxygen-containing, also avoids reacting due to containing oxygen in high-temperature gas with high carbon ball, reduce
The loss of high carbon ball；In addition there is no hole as coke, reactivity for high carbon ball such as carbon ball, barren rock electrode ink stripping and slicing
Low, depletion rate is slow, and the highly stable of stock column is supported to be not easy to fluctuate, therefore does not have to scruple " wind coke balance " problem again, also not
The Common Accidents that the furnace cupolas such as " bed coke height reduction ", " being born ", " black slag, hair wastes ", iron liquid oxidation can occur again, so the working of a furnace
It is more stable, it ensure that the normal production order and casting quality；Since iron liquid will not both aoxidize in furnace cupola, also increase sulphur very
It is few, therefore the degree of purity of iron liquid is relatively high, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron original iron melt of suitable for producing high quality.
In some embodiments, furnace charge is placed directly in high carbon ball, and furnace charge is metal charge, including the pig iron, foundry returns
And steel scrap etc..As a result, it is load melting be iron liquid when, during iron liquid drop is fallen along high-carbon globule, high carbon ball also plays overheat
Effect, greatly promotes the temperature that iron liquid goes out liquid, so that the more energy efficient material-saving of the device.
In some embodiments, the high carbon ball of filling is carbon ball and/or graphite electrode stripping and slicing.As a result, when high carbon ball
When for carbon ball, due to carbon ball dense non-porous and surface is covered with iron liquid, low with furnace high-temperature gas reaction, can be significantly
Reduce carbon ball burn out rate and reduce waste residue amount, also have carburetion so that process optimization, operation it is easier.Due to high-carbon
The height of top dome face to plasma gun will affect the temperature and melting rate of iron liquid, thus in concrete practice, preferably by high carbon ball
The distance between top surface and plasma gun are set as 400~700mm, and the height in high-carbon top dome face to plasma gun is higher, out
Bonded hard ferrite magnet it is high, but melting rate will be declined；Conversely, height is lower, melting rate is promoted, but the iron liquid temperature come out
It spends lower；Within the scope of this value, in conjunction with a large amount of practices and summarizes, ensure that the optimum balance of melting rate and bonded hard ferrite magnet.
In some embodiments, the high-carbon bulb diameter of filling need to be set according to furnace body demand, and size is applicable in, generally
In the case of can be set to 150~300mm.Thereby, it is possible to make high carbon ball size guarantee consistency, and in it is larger when, ensure that
Good gas permeability and the thermal efficiency；But excessive, burning is impermeable, and the thermal efficiency is low, therefore by a large amount of practices and summarizes, the utility model
The preferred high-carbon bulb diameter of embodiment is 150~300mm, to achieve the effect that good permeability in cupola well, the thermal efficiency are high.
It in some embodiments, further include at least one fecal iron separator and at least one gap bridge, each tapping hole is equal
It is connected respectively via passing a bridge with a fecal iron separator.The iron liquid and waste residue that melting finishes as a result, flow out furnace body by tapping hole
Afterwards, fecal iron separator being flowed directly by gap bridge, iron liquid continuously outflows, while fecal iron separator also constantly filters waste residue, so that
The iron liquid finally flowed out is pure, without slag, realizes continuity tapping.Also, when there are two the tapping holes and fecal iron separator of setting
Or more when, can be convenient maintenance, replacement refractory material, realize long-term continuous production.
In some embodiments, heating source plasma gun is arranged around furnace body, and is set on furnace body same level section,
The power of single plasma gun be not less than 1MW, heating source plasma gun around furnace body at least provided with a row, a row be uniformly placed with to
It is one few, preferably 3-6 plasma gun；It, can be in a manner of just setting, be inverted or wait and set between every row when being equipped with two rows of plasma guns
Arrangement.Heating source is set on furnace body using annular arrangement mode as a result, convenient for input high temperature nitrogen plasma comprehensive in furnace
The thermal efficiency of cupola melting can be improved to being evenly heated in furnace, and when two rows of heating sources are arranged on furnace body in body.
Specifically, it when two rows of heating sources are arranged on furnace body, is just setting and is referring to that the maximum row plasma gun of general power is set
In lower row and the maximum exhaust heat source of general power accounts for the 70%~90% of whole heat source general powers；Refer to each row's plasma gun etc. setting
General power it is equal, inversion refer to that the maximum row plasma gun of general power is placed in row and the maximum exhaust heat source of general power accounts for
The 70%~90% of whole heat source general powers；Wherein, when just setting, upper row's plasma gun distance high-carbon top dome 200~400mm of face；
When inversion, upper row's plasma gun distance high-carbon top dome 400~700mm of face；When etc. setting, upper row's plasma gun distance high-carbon top dome face
400~600mm.
In some embodiments, heating source provides nitrogen plasma body heat source into furnace by plasma gun, sprays
Nitrogen plasma temperature out is 2500~3500 DEG C (2773~3773K).It is nitrogen that plasma gun is sprayed into furnace as a result,
Plasma ensure that high temperature requirement required in furnace, and due to not having the presence of the oxidizing gas such as oxygen, reduce high-carbon
The loss of ball, in addition, when the gap after load melting between high carbon ball is flowed to tapping hole, plasma stream and high-carbon
Ball played heat effect to iron liquid, allowed the bonded hard ferrite magnet finally flowed out to be easily reached 1550 DEG C or more, it might even be possible to no
Reconfiguration has core line frequency furnace to keep the temperature heating forehearth as iron liquid.
It in some embodiments, further include the measuring system changed for judging high carbon ball height and position, wherein described
Measuring system is the mathematics established according to the relationship between material proportion, tapping temperature, melting rate and high carbon ball height change
Computation model, or the load melting position measuring instrument being installed on furnace body, wherein measuring system can be carried out according to the prior art
Modeling Calculation or directly purchase use.Thus, it is possible to monitor the residual altitude of high carbon ball in real time by measuring system, pass through calculating
The waste of high carbon ball is calculated with material analyzing, convenient for understanding and controlling the magnitude of recruitment and alternate frequency of high carbon ball in time, with
Realize the stable operation and automation, intelligentized control method of the furnace cupola working of a furnace.
The plasma melting furnace cupola of the requires of the utility model protection is using high carbon ball as fusion zone in furnace and overheat
The support stock column of band generates source to carry the clinker during not only reducing cupola melting into furnace metal charge, moreover it is possible to
Iron liquid enough to melt in furnace drips carburetting, therefore can increase the dosage of steel scrap and low quality furnace charge, thus reduce blow-on and
Iron liquid cost, energy conservation and environmental protection, such structure design not only reduces cost, reduces waste residue, but also it is higher to melt out quality
Molten iron.
The utility model abandons the traditional chemicals energy conduct such as coke used in traditional furnace cupola, natural gas, heavy oil
Heating source, and select the new energy, i.e., using plasma gun as heating source, plasma is imported using the byproduct nitrogen of oxygen processed
Rifle, when blow-on, can use plasma gun to 2500~3500 DEG C of furnace injection or so of nitrogen plasma gas, to metal furnaces
Material and iron liquid drop are heated, and the plasma of nitrogen is run from bottom to top, are carried out sufficiently heat with top-down furnace charge and are handed over
It changes, so that charge preheating and the electrothermal efficiency of fusing may be up to 90% or more, does not need oxygen as auxiliary, realize melting
Journey becomes a kind of easy to operate, carbon-free and more environmentally-friendly novel electric power cokeless furnace cupola without sulphur emissions, to adapt to green casting
Make the development of industry.
Moreover, because iron liquid is without burnt, anaerobic melting in furnace cupola, and itself sulfur-bearing of high carbon ball is low, consumption is few, iron liquid
Substantially do not increase sulphur, and high temperature makes the lower trace harmful elements volatilization of the gasification points such as antimony, bismuth, arsenic, tellurium in iron liquid, improves
Iron liquid degree of purity, therefore the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of this high-purity iron liquid very suitable for producing high quality；Due to not combustion of coke, so for drop
Low coke ash fusing point and the quantity of slagging with Lime stone agent being added is just most of eliminates, so the quantity of slag is substantially
Degree is reduced, and not only reduces the discharge of solid waste, can also further energy conservation.
Wherein, using the method for plasma melting furnace cupola molten iron provided by the utility model, steps are as follows：
S1：High carbon ball is loaded into furnace body according to preset height threshold, wherein the height threshold is the high-carbon of accumulation
The top surface of ball is at a distance from plasma gun；
S2：Blow-on, using plasma gun to 2500~3500 DEG C of furnace injection of nitrogen plasma gas, to furnace interior
It is preheated, sky burns 1~2h when long-time continuous front slagging spout (sky is burnt when being only used in new blow-on, then no longer burnt with empty)；
S3：When in-furnace temperature is at least above 150 DEG C of fusing point of metal charge, metal charge is packed into furnace；
S4：Molten iron, continuous tapping water, to realize fusion process.
Method disclosed in the utility model using above-mentioned plasma melting furnace cupola molten iron, in operating procedure, control
Technical aspect processed greatly simplifies, firstly, not combustion of coke, so the slagging with Lime stone agent being added to reduce coke ash fusing point
Quantity eliminated with regard to most of, so the quantity of slag is greatly reduced, and not only reduces the discharge of solid waste, also
It can further energy conservation；Secondly because using high carbon ball or the stripping and slicing of barren rock electrode ink as metal charge in furnace in fusion zone and mistake
The support stock column in the torrid zone can make iron liquid carburetting, avoid to iron when the iron liquid drop after metal charge fusing flows through high carbon ball
Liquid adds carburant so that process optimization, operation it is easier.
It wherein, further include feed supplement step, feed supplement concrete operations are as follows：
It is precalculated according to the consumption rate of material proportion and high carbon ball and obtains furnace charge filling batch and time and high carbon ball
Alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment；
The high-carbon of corresponding magnitude of recruitment is added into furnace body when supplementing furnace charge according to high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment
Ball.Method disclosed in the utility model breaches the skill that can not quantitatively calculate Ceramic Balls consumption in the prior art as a result,
Art defect, using the present apparatus by this method, can waste, the proportion of goods damageds and additive amount to high carbon ball, addition frequency carry out
It calculates and controls, realize that automation, intelligence provide condition for furnace cupola.
Wherein, preset height threshold is 600~900mm.Empty 1h can be burnt in furnace body warm, thus, it is contemplated that height
The loss of carbon ball, the top surface of high carbon ball and plasma gun distance are maintained at 400~700mm when entering furnace in order to ensure metal charge,
When initially filling high carbon ball, it can set a height threshold according to the Expenditure Levels of high carbon ball and (be obtained by calculation or learn from else's experience
Test data), and the filling of high carbon ball is carried out according to the height threshold, so that when metal charge is added and fusion process
In, the top surface of high carbon ball and burner distance remain at 400~700mm.
The method smelted iron using plasma melting furnace cupola provided by the utility model, using high carbon ball as stock column branch
Support, due in furnace without high-temperature oxygen, high carbon ball will not combustion loss, but also can drip and increase for the iron liquid melted in furnace
Carbon increases the dosage of steel scrap and low quality furnace charge, reduces blow-on and iron liquid cost and streamline operation.
In addition, being smelted iron using plasma melting furnace cupola provided by the utility model due to not consuming in coke and furnace
The oxidizing fire reaction for not having oxygen to participate in, therefore CO2、SO2Close to zero-emission, and because of quantity of slag caused by coke ash
Also it will be greatly reduced, it can further energy conservation, the discharge of reduction solid waste；Since iron liquid is anaerobic melting in furnace cupola,
And do not increase sulphur substantially, therefore the degree of purity of iron liquid is relatively high, the very spheroidal graphite cast-iron original iron melt of suitable for producing high quality, in melting
Cheng Zhong, iron casting production realize green melting, and environmental protection equipment investment is greatly lowered with operating cost.
Finally, being greatly simplified using plasma melting furnace cupola ironmaking technology provided by the utility model, due to not
With " wind coke balance " problem is scrupled again, " bed coke height reduction ", " being born ", " black slag, hair wastes ", iron liquid oxidation will not occur again
The Common Accidents of equal furnace cupolas ensure that the normal production order and casting quality so the working of a furnace is more stable, and optimization simplifies behaviour
Make.
It should be noted that the structure of the above-mentioned plasma melting furnace cupola of the utility model be also based on it is existing soaring
Furnace structure is transformed, such as keeps the basic structures such as cupola shaft, feed mechanism constant, removal blower system, bellows etc.,
Cupola is transformed at air port, places several high powered plasma rifles and increases and a set of matches with high powered plasma rifle
The power supply of set and electric control system, water-cooling system, nitrogen supply (NS) system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic arrangement diagrammatic cross-section of the plasma melting furnace cupola of embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of plasma melting furnace cupola use state shown in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1-Fig. 2 schematically shows a kind of tool for the plasma melting furnace cupola implemented according to the utility model
Body embodiment, as shown, in the present embodiment, which includes furnace body 1, heating source 2, the feed opening for being placed in 1 top of furnace body
6, it is placed in the tapping hole 7, fecal iron separator 3 and gap bridge 4 of furnace body bottom end,
Wherein, furnace body 1 is vertically arranged, when off working state, generally cavity structure inside furnace body 1, up and down, cavity
The crucible zone and fusion zone of structure are all provided with the filler section 11 for being set to the high carbon ball 5 for accommodating support furnace charge 8,
When working condition, the under-filled section 11 of furnace body 1 is filled with the height directly contacted with furnace charge 8, as support furnace charge 8
Carbon ball 5；
Heating source 2 be plasma gun, be equipped with four, the filler section 11 being symmetrically distributed in below furnace body and be in same water
It on plane section, is presented in the form of single, wherein the power of single plasma gun is 2.5MW, tilts down and is directed toward furnace body 1
Center, is symmetrically distributed in the filler section 11 of the lower section of furnace body 1, plasma gun provided into furnace 2500~3500 DEG C nitrogen etc. from
Sub- gas makes tapping temperature not less than 1550 DEG C.Wherein, the melting rate of the furnace cupola in the present embodiment is 15t/h, a row it is equal from
Sub- rifle general power is 10MW.
As shown, tapping hole 7, fecal iron separator 3 and gap bridge 4 are respectively provided with one in the present embodiment, wherein tapping hole 7
It is connected by gap bridge 4 with the input end 31 of fecal iron separator 3, iron liquid and clinker flow into slag iron point through tapping hole 7 from furnace body 1
It is separated from device 3, purified iron liquid is finally flowed out from the outlet end of fecal iron separator 3 32.
For the high carbon ball 5 used in the present embodiment for carbon ball, carbon bulb diameter is 150~200mm, the top surface 12 of high carbon ball
Plasma gun 21 is higher by apart from not less than 600mm, gap is formed between carbon ball and carbon ball, is on the one hand convenient for high temperature gas flow
It is logical, it is on the one hand dripped downwards convenient for iron liquid drop along carbon ball, the on the other hand carburetting in drip process for iron liquid；Carbon ball is whole
Body forms stock column support again, and furnace charge is maintained to be in the top of plasma gun 21.
In concrete practice, the furnace charge being added in furnace is metal charge, including the pig iron, foundry returns and steel scrap；When furnace charge is
When the pig iron, the magnitude of recruitment of carbon ball can be reduced suitably in fusion process；And when furnace charge is steel scrap, to the magnitude of recruitment of carbon ball
Can suitably it increase.
In the present embodiment, it can also include for detecting high carbon ball height change measuring system (not shown),
Wherein, measuring system is the mathematical computations established according to the relationship between melting rate, tapping temperature and high carbon ball height change
Model (the furnace cupola expert model that the model can refer to the prior art is realized), can be judged by tapping temperature and melting rate
The height of carbon ball support stock column changes in furnace cupola furnace out；By monitoring the scaling loss amount of high carbon ball, convenient for controlling to high carbon ball
Supplement speed and magnitude of recruitment, to realize the stable operation and automation, intelligentized control method of the furnace cupola working of a furnace.
Using the method for plasma melting furnace cupola molten iron provided by the utility model embodiment, steps are as follows：
S1：Multiple carbon balls are loaded into furnace body, as the carrying stock column of support metal charge, and make the carbon of accumulation
Ball apical side height exceeds 600~900mm of plasma gun；
S2：Plasma gun is opened in blow-on, and 2500~3500 DEG C of high temperature nitrogen plasma is sprayed into filler section 11
Body, high temperature nitrogen plasma flow up on one side, heat on one side to carbon ball, left to carry out preheating 1h to furnace interior
It is right；
S3：When temperature is at least above 150 DEG C of fusing point of metal charge in furnace, furnace charge is put into furnace via feed opening,
Keep furnace charge top surface in feed opening lower edge during entire blow-on；
S4：With furnace vivo environment temperature rise and high-temperature gas flow up to furnace charge heating melt it gradually under
It falls, continuous tapping water, during the falling process, the gap between carbon ball falls the iron liquid drop after fusing, by High Temperature Gas
Body and carbon ball are further sufficiently heated and (are overheated) so that iron liquid discharge temperature reaches requirement, and carbon ball is that phosphorus content is higher
Substance, carries out carburetting when iron drop is by carbon ball；
S5：With the fusing of furnace charge, needs optionally suitably to increase high carbon ball with the charging of furnace charge and makees a small amount of supplement,
In, the supplement of high carbon ball may be implemented to be precalculated according to the consumption rate of material proportion and high carbon ball and show that furnace charge fills batch
With time and high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment, according to high carbon ball alternate frequency and magnitude of recruitment, when supplementing furnace charge, to furnace
The high carbon ball of corresponding magnitude of recruitment is added in vivo.
In other embodiments, high carbon ball 5 can be carbon ball and a small amount of barren rock electrode ink stripping and slicing.
In other embodiments, the tapping hole 7 of plasma melting furnace cupola, fecal iron separator 3 and gap bridge 4 are equipped with two
It is a, wherein two tapping holes 7 are disposed adjacent, and when usually producing, only can open and run wherein a set of tapping hole and slag iron point
From device, it is another set of give over to it is spare；Due to the refractory material in fecal iron separator, need repairing after long-time use, at this point it is possible to
It is repaired by the tapping hole and fecal iron separator of cut-in stand-by, to ensure continuous production.
In other embodiments, the modes of setting such as heating source 2 is equipped with two rows of around furnace body 1, and two rows of heating sources 2 are in are arranged, wherein
Be independently arranged between heating source and heating source, be also independently arranged between every row, above row's heating source 2 plasma gun 21 from
The distance of top surface 12 is 400~600mm, below row's heating source plasma gun 21 with a distance from top surface 12 for 500~
700mm.The number and number of rows of plasma gun 21 can be depending on furnace body melting rates, wherein plasma melting furnace cupola melts
Rate and the corresponding relationship of plasma gun power are as shown in table 1.
The corresponding relationship of table 1 plasma melting cupola melting rate and plasma gun power
| Cupola melting rate (t/h) | 5 | 15 | 30 | 60 | 100 |
| Plasma gun general power (MW) | 4 | 10 | 20 | 40 | 65 |
In other embodiments, it can also be transformed on the basis of existing furnace cupola, such as the long furnace life water of a 30t/h
Cold furnace cupola, the main melt iron trade mark are HT200, HT250, QT400-18, QT500-7 etc., and radix is 7000 hours when year
(four groups working in three shifts), is transformed on its basis, and wherein the basic structures such as furnace body, feed mechanism are constant, by blower system and bellows
Removal, Cupola are transformed at air port, can place 4 5.0MW plasma guns, increase a set of and high powered plasma rifle
Matched power supply and electric control system, water-cooling system, nitrogen supply (NS) system, then general power is 20MW, spurts into the nitrogen of furnace
The temperature of plasma is 3200 DEG C (about 3473K), and the overheat thermal efficiency of iron liquid improves 9 times than original, and tapping temperature is not small
In 1550 DEG C, meanwhile, year melts 210,000 tons of iron liquid, reduces CO every year28.3 ten thousand tons are discharged, SO is reduced2202 tons of discharge.Before transformation,
Furnace cupola uses oxygen-enriched air blast, combustion of coke, and coke consumption is 12%, and 1520 DEG C of tapping temperature, in comparison, the utility model is mentioned
The plasma melting furnace cupola of confession is transformed on the basis of existing equipment, can not only save equipment cost, so that equipment is thrown
Money and operating cost are greatly lowered, and energy-saving and emission-reduction, the iron liquid quality produced are more excellent.
Above-described is only some embodiments of the utility model.For those of ordinary skill in the art,
Without departing from the concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to practical
Novel protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. plasma melting furnace cupola, which is characterized in that including furnace body (1) and heating source (2), the furnace body (1) is internal whole
Body is cavity structure up and down, is provided with feed opening (6) and at least one tapping hole (7), the feed opening on furnace body (1)
(6) it is connected to tapping hole (7) by the cavity structure, wherein
The crucible zone and fusion zone of the cavity structure are all provided with the filling for being set to the high carbon ball (5) for accommodating support furnace charge (8)
Section (11),
The heating source (2) is plasma gun, and plasma gun (21) is set on furnace body (1), and is located at the fill area of high carbon ball (5)
Section (11).
2. plasma melting furnace cupola according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top surface of the high carbon ball (5) of filling
The distance between plasma gun (21) is 400mm~700mm.
3. plasma melting furnace cupola according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the high carbon ball (5) of filling is carbon
Ball and/or graphite electrode stripping and slicing.
4. plasma melting furnace cupola according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plasma gun (21) is into furnace
Nitrogen plasma body heat source is provided, the nitrogen plasma temperature of ejection is 2500~3500 DEG C.
5. plasma melting furnace cupola according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include at least one slag iron separation
Device (3) and at least one gap bridge (4), each tapping hole (7) are connected via gap bridge (4) with a fecal iron separator (3) respectively
It is logical.
6. plasma melting furnace cupola according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the heating source (2) is around furnace body (1)
At least provided with a row, a row is uniformly placed with an at least plasma gun (21).
7. plasma melting furnace cupola according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the plasma gun
(21) power is at least 1MW.
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| CN201820555970.1U CN208108781U (en) | 2018-04-17 | 2018-04-17 | Plasma melting furnace cupola |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108253779A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-06 | 广东北晟益通实业有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace cupola and its molten iron method |
| KR102531657B1 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-05-10 | 심언규 | Apparatus for continuously manufacturing charcoal with carbonizing furnace |
-
2018
- 2018-04-17 CN CN201820555970.1U patent/CN208108781U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108253779A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-06 | 广东北晟益通实业有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace cupola and its molten iron method |
| WO2019201182A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-24 | 广东北晟益通实业有限公司 | Cupola furnace employing plasma to perform melting process, and iron melting method thereof |
| KR102531657B1 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-05-10 | 심언규 | Apparatus for continuously manufacturing charcoal with carbonizing furnace |
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