KR101055849B1 - Fish farming feed for preventing ciliate and bacterial diseases and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Fish farming feed for preventing diseases caused by bacteria including ciliate, and a producing method thereof are provided to use bacillus cereus for preventing the diseases. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of fish farming feed for preventing diseases caused by bacteria including ciliate comprises the following steps: preparing a feed composition with bacillus cereus containing 0.1~20.0 of amino acid and 0.1~2wt% of vitamin C derivative; mixing the composition for 7~30minutes, and crushing the mixture for 10~60minutes using a crusher; expanding the crushed composition using an expanding machine, and molding the composition into pellets before cooling; and oil-coating the cooled pellets.

Description

Fish farming feed for preventing ciliate and bacterial diseases and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a pellet feed for fish farming containing Bacillus cereus which can reduce the mortality of cultured fish in the attack of ciliary insects and pathogenic bacteria in the sea water and prevent the misuse of antibiotics will be.

The most pathogenic bacteria that cause the most damage to farmed fish in Korea are Flexibacter maritimus, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio ordalli, Vibrio ichthyoenteri, Streptococcus iniae, Streptococcus parauberis, Photobacterium domsela, Nocardia Nocardia sp).

By the way, most of these pathogenic bacteria are bacteria or soil microorganisms in the intestines of terrestrial animals, and enter the sea along the river to inhabit the marine organisms for a certain period of time. Have Accordingly, when the river floods and flows into the sea due to the summer heavy rain, the pathogenic microbial population of the sea rapidly increases, and by attacking aquaculture fish, various types of fish disease (魚病) is caused to cause massive mortality. In recent years, as feed residues decay in the sea and eutrophicate the sea, as well as cage farms and land tank farms, the growth of pathogenic microorganisms continues regardless of the season, and the severity of fish disease increases year after year.

Amoxycillin, Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin thiocyanate, Cephalexin, Oxolinic acid, To treat diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria Antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, such as fluorphenicol, doxycycline, and clindamycin, are used, but due to pathogenic bacteria that are continuously supplied through aquatic (sea and river) and live feed, the antibiotics and There is a problem that the disease recurs when the chemotherapeutic agent is discontinued, and continuous administration of such expensive antibiotics is not preferable because it results in a price increase by raising production costs such as fish farming. In addition, under the Aquatic Products Quality Control Act and the Fisheries Animal Disease Control Act, a period of five to thirty days is set aside for all antibiotics, and only those fish that do not detect antibiotics are tested through antibiotic residue testing before selling (shipping) the fish. As a result, it is currently impossible to combat fish disease with antibiotics.

In addition, fish diseased fish has a problem that the feeding activity (feeding activity) is weak, so that even if the antibiotic is mixed with the feed, it is not well consumed, and in recent years, due to the increase of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria Antibiotic therapies are becoming less effective day by day.

Vaccine development was proposed to solve the above problems, and as a result of the development, Streptococcus iniae, Streptococcus parauberis, Edwardsiella tarda Vaccines have been developed in three kinds of pathogenic bacteria, such as fish, but the effect of obtaining a low immune immunity is not so great, there is a problem that the development of vaccines against other types of bacteria has not been made.

As mentioned above, various efforts have been made to solve fish disease, but no clear solution to fish disease has been proposed, and the number of dead fish is continuously increasing. The damage caused by Streptococcus, a type of pathogenic bacterium, is estimated at more than $ 100 million a year worldwide.

In addition to the pathogenic bacteria, the problem of infection by the ciliary insects classified into protozoa is also a serious situation. The caterpillars include Ichthyobodo necator, Trichodina, Scuticocilate, Cryptocaryon irritans, Amoeba, Benedenia and Neo Benedenia Neobenedenia girellae, Gyroductylus, and the like. These ciliary worms attach to the epidermis of fish mainly in fishes less than 20 cm (100 g in weight), causing ulcerative diseases, or enter the body through gills, nasal cavity, or mouth, and multiply to various organs, causing death.

These primates are protozoa that are inherent in the marine ecosystem, so they are in the same situation as natural or farmed fish, but in the aquaculture environment, they are more dense than the natural ones and have fewer rotations of seawater, so they are more likely to cling to the epidermis. This can be called. Because of this, ciliary diseases occur more often in the farming environment than in the natural environment. If these ciliary worms cling to the skin of the fish, they can be temporarily resolved by increasing the number of rotations of the sea, bathing with hydrogen peroxide, or freshwater baths, but they will recur in a short time, causing cumulative mortality to continue to increase. do.

Since these fish diseases cannot be treated once they have occurred, it is important to reinforce the biological defense system in which fish live with pathogenic bacteria or protozoa and fight them, which will be the most fundamental solution to the solution. Can be. To this end, developing a method of strengthening the biodefense system of fish is the ultimate goal for the current aquaculture industry.

Therefore, the present inventors have studied to overcome the problems of the prior art as described above, when preparing a pellet feed for fish farming including Bacillus cereus ( Bacillus cereus ) and using the same to raise the fish biodefense system of the fish The present invention has been completed by discovering that it can be strengthened to prevent disease damage by ciliates and bacteria.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pellet feed for fish farming for the prevention of diseases caused by ciliates and bacteria.

In another aspect, the present invention is to provide a method for producing a pellet feed for fish farming.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pellet feed for fish farming , comprising Bacillus cereus .

In another aspect, the present invention comprises the steps of (a) preparing a feed composition containing Bacillus cereus ; (b) mixing the composition in a mixer for 7 to 30 minutes and then pulverizing for 10 to 60 minutes in a grinder; And (c) swelling the pulverized composition in a swelling machine to form pellets and cooling the pulverized composition.

When using the pellet feed for fish farming of the present invention to raise fish, biological defense mechanisms that can prevent fish disease in advance can be reinforced and strengthened to achieve rapid growth of fish. In addition, the mortality rate is greatly reduced because it is not easily caught by diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and ciliary insects, which are frequently caught in juveniles. You can arrange. In addition, it is more economical than the conventional methods of combating fish disease by using antibiotics, and can contribute to increase incomes of farmed fishers.

1 is a photograph showing the flounder raised in pellet feed (EP) according to the present invention (normal fish not affected by fish disease).
Figure 2 is a photograph showing the flounder raised in general swelling wound pellet feed (EP) (healthy abnormal abnormal).
Figure 3 is a photograph showing the flounder raised in general swelling wound pellet feed (EP) (abnormal fish infected with pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus, Edwards)).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a pellet feed for fish farming, characterized in that Bacillus cereus ( Bacillus cereus ) as an active ingredient in the production of fish feed to prevent diseases caused by ciliates and bacteria.

Bacillus cereus in the present invention is a known species can be easily obtained on the market, for example, can be obtained by using Toyocerine (Toyocerine) of Rubinum, Spain. More preferably, Bacillus cereus Toyoi is used among the Bacillus cereus .

In the present invention, the Bacillus cereus is preferably included in the range of 10 ¹ ~ 10 ¹² cfu per 1 g of molded pellet feed, more preferably in the range of 10 ⁴ ~ 10 ¹² cfu. When the Bacillus cereus is contained less than 10 ¹ cfu / g there is a problem that the number of individuals less than the number of pathogenic bacteria invaded in the intestine weakens the effect of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, in excess of 10 ¹² cfu / g If not included, it is not economical, and there is a problem in strain concentration technology, it is preferable to maintain the above range. The cfu range can be easily adjusted through the dispersion dilution method.

When the fish is cultivated using a pellet feed containing Bacillus cereus according to the present invention as an active ingredient, it increases resistance to pathogenic bacteria and ciliary insects that enter the oral cavity of the fish with seawater and proliferate in the intestine, Bacterial diseases resulting from this can be prevented and treated.

In more detail, the present invention is a method for increasing the resistance to pathogenic bacteria and ciliary insects 10 times to 1000 times more fish probiotics (beneficial bacteria) than the pathogenic bacteria when formulated in the production of pellet pellet feed It is characterized in that the use of the fish to raise the fish. For this reason, probiotics are first more proliferative than pathogenic bacteria that proliferate in the intestines of fish, thereby suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria or killing pathogenic bacteria that have already been propagated. Since the total number of bacteria (total bacteria of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria) is generally higher than 10 ³ cfu / g, it is more preferable to include probiotics in the pellet feed of 10 ⁴ cfu / g or more in order to suppress pathogenic bacterial growth. .

Probiotics currently used mainly in terrestrial animals for the purpose of combating pathogenic bacteria and ciliates that enter the intestine are Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, and L. plantarum. plantarum, L. bifidus, Streptococcus facalis, Enterococcus facium, Bacillus subtilis, and the like. However, in the case of molding the pellet feed using the probiotics currently used, there is a problem that the probiotic may be less than 10 ² cfu / g in the pellet feed and may not function to suppress the proliferation of the ciliary or pathogenic bacteria even if it is alive. there was. In addition, the probiotics do not survive the high temperature (120 ~ 130 ℃) of the compression and expansion process of the pellet molding, and after cooling, the probiotic is added to the fish oil coating solution and coated to avoid high temperature conditions In this case, too, probiotics rarely survived in fish gut. In addition, experiments were performed to isolate and incubate the bacteria in the fish intestine to find the beneficial strains growing in the intestine of the fish. However, it was confirmed that there are always different strains and no specific beneficial strains depending on the type of feed. As a result, it was confirmed that general probiotics cannot be easily settled in the intestines of fish.

After several trials and errors, the present inventors manufactured a molded pellet feed containing Bacillus cereus , fed it to fish, and performed a biomicrobial measurement test. As a result, the Bacillus cereus was fixed in the intestine at a very high value. I found myself doing it. As a result of raising fish using pellet feed containing Bacillus cereus as an active ingredient, it was confirmed that the disease occurrence by ciliary insects and pathogenic bacteria such as Scoochika was significantly lowered as expected. In conclusion, it was found that when used as a pellet feed containing Bacillus cereus, it is possible to effectively combat pathogenic bacteria and ciliary insects that enter the oral cavity of fish and proliferate in the intestine together with raw feed and seawater.

It has also been found that if it contains amino acids and vitamin C derivatives, or additionally contains chitin (or chitosan), it is possible to prevent and combat disease caused by ciliary and pathogenic bacteria that cause disease while parasitic and proliferating on the epidermis. Came out. Therefore, the present invention preferably comprises 0.1 to 20.0% by weight of the amino acid and 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of the vitamin C derivative or 0.1 to 3.5% by weight of chitin (or chitosan) in the pellet feed containing Bacillus cereus. do. More preferably it comprises all of the above compositions.

Invasion paths of pathogenic bacteria and ciliary insects may adhere to the epidermis of fish and cause parasitic disease or multiply and enter the body. The present inventors observed that in the case of fishes in which pathogenic bacteria and ciliary insects adhere to the epidermis, excessive secretion of mucus and thinning of the epidermis occur. This was considered to be a physiological phenomenon of fish to combat pathogenic bacteria and protozoa, and the study was conducted to find a method to maintain the defense mechanism by strengthening the epidermis of fish and releasing mucus continuously.

As a result, it was found that the tougher and thicker the collagen connective tissue of the skin proteins forming fish epidermis, the more pathogenic bacteria and protozoa did not stick to each other. It confirmed that it became strong. In order to provide a pellet feed capable of activating collagen protein and mucus synthesis in fish, it is characterized by providing a pellet feed further comprising amino acids and vitamin C derivatives or chitin (or chitosan). .

In the present invention, the amino acid is to promote collagen synthesis in vivo, glycine (Glycine), proline, hydroxyproline (Hydroxyprolyine), lysine (Lysine), hydroxylysine ( Hydroxylysine) and glutamic acid (glutamic acid) is preferably included one or two or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of. It is also possible to purchase and use a commercially available product that contains abundant amino acids. For example, fish soluble concentrate, which is rich in glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, lysine, hydroxylysine and glutamic acid. (Fish Soluble Concentrate, Diamantesa Peru) can be used.

The content of the amino acid is preferably contained in 0.1 to 20.0% by weight based on the pellet feed, more preferably contained in 0.2 to 15.0% by weight, and most preferably contained in 1.0 to 10.0% by weight good. When the amino acid is included in less than 0.1% by weight, there is a problem that the contribution of skin protein biosynthesis is lowered, and when it contains more than 20.0% by weight, problems such as amino acid hyperemia may occur. . In addition, the glycine (Glycine), proline (Proline), hydroxyproline (Hydroxyprolyine), lysine (Lysine), hydroxylysine (Hydroxylysine) and glutamic acid (Glutamic acid), respectively in order of 1: 5-7: 3-4: It is preferable to include in the ratio of 3-4: 7-9: 11-13 because of the skin protein amino acid composition ratio of fish.

In the case of the vitamin C derivative used in the present invention to promote collagen synthesis in vivo, it is preferable to use a heat-stable phosphate vitamin C, more preferably L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (L-Ascorbic acid). -2-phosphate) or L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphorus ester Magnesium. The content of the vitamin C derivative is preferably contained in 0.1 to 2.0% by weight based on the pellet feed, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by weight. When the content of the vitamin C derivative is less than 0.1% by weight, there is a problem in that it does not meet the bio-requirement and does not promote skin collagen synthesis, and when it contains more than 2.0% by weight of the side effects of the decomposition products of the vitamin C derivative. Since there exists a concern, it is preferable to maintain the said range.

Chitin or chitosan used in the present invention is a precursor of N-acetyl-glucosamine or glucosamine. In the present invention, fish mucus was collected and tested for various sugars and amino acids. As a result, N-acetyl-glucosamine and glucosamine were detected as sugars, and glutamic acid as amino acids. acid), asparagine (Asparagine), aspartic acid (Aspartic acid) was detected, it was confirmed that the constituents of the mucus is a glycoprotein to which the saccharide and the amino acid is bound.

Accordingly, in the present invention, in order to continuously secrete mucus to kill or combat pathogenic bacteria and ciliary worms, precursors of saccharides N-acetyl-glucosamine (N-Acetyl-glucosamine) and glucosamine (Glucosamine) In chitin (Chitin) or chitosan (Chitosan) is characterized in that it comprises.

The chitin or chitosan is preferably included in 0.1 to 3.5% by weight based on the pellet feed, more preferably 0.1 to 2.2% by weight, and most preferably contained in 0.2 to 1.0% by weight good. When the chitin or chitosan is included in less than 0.1% by weight, there is a problem that mucus synthesis is not activated, and when it contains more than 3.5% by weight, the digestion and digestion in the stomach and intestine are not sufficiently maintained. It is preferable.

As a result of feeding the pellet feed containing the amino acid, vitamin C derivatives and chitin (or chitosan) to fish, the skin is elastic when observed with the naked eye compared to the case of feeding the feed pellets that do not include them. I could see that it grew quickly.

As described above, the present invention includes chitin or chitosan, which is a nutritional component (immune component) that enables continuous secretion of mucus in fish in a fish feed pellet fish, and a specific amino acid that makes the skin of fish stronger And vitamin C, which promotes collagen synthesis in vivo, to increase collagen synthesis, and to mix Bacillus cereus, which is a probiotics (Probiotics) capable of inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in fish. The pellets may be prepared in the form of semi-wetting expanded pellets (SMP), expanded pellets (EP), wet pellets (MP), but are not limited thereto.

The method for preparing a pellet feed for fish farming of the present invention is not limited, but preferably, (a) preparing a feed composition containing Bacillus cereus ; (b) mixing the composition in a mixer for 7 to 30 minutes and then grinding in a grinder for 10 to 60 minutes; And (c) swelling the pulverized composition in a swelling machine to form pellets and cooling them.

More preferably, (d) further comprising oil-coating the cooled pellets may prevent the pellets from chipping or scattering in water.

As described above, the feed composition of step (a) may include 0.1 to 20.0 wt% of amino acids and 0.1 to 2.0 wt% of vitamin C derivatives, or may further include 0.1 to 3.5 wt% of chitin or chitosan.

When the pellet feed is prepared according to the above method, the live bacterium Bacillus cereus is alive without killing, and the vitamin C derivative is not destroyed, so that the pellet feed can be prepared without loss of the active ingredient.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example  1 to 2: Semi-wet  Swelling Pellets (SMP)  Swelling Pellet ( EP ) Preparation of feed

The following pellet feed composition was used to prepare SMP and EP pellet feed according to the present invention. Commercially available fish soluble concentrate was used as a source of amino acid, and Antarctic krill mill was used as a source of chitin. Bacillus cereus toyois were also used at 0.1% by weight to adjust 5 x 10 ⁹ cfu per 1 g of final pellet feed.

(end) Pellet  Feed composition

Bacillus cereus toyoi (Rubinum, Toyocerine) .. 0.1 wt%

Fishmeal (Perusan Super Prime) ......................................... 50.0% by weight

(Composition: 67-69% protein, 7-10% fat, 15-20% ash, other)

Antarctic krill mill (Norway Ackerssa) ............... 20.0% by weight

(Composition: 56-66% protein, 12-23% fat, 2-4% chitin, 5-13% ash, other)

Fish Soluble Concentrate (Peru Diamantessa) ........ 3.0 wt%

(Composition: 48-52% protein, 0.2-4% fat, 14-19% ash, 10-30% amino acid, other)

L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate .............. 0.3 wt%

Flour (wheat flour) ............... 12.0 wt%

Culpe Mill (Produced by China Fuchou Co., Ltd.) ....................................... 3.0 wt%

Mineral Premix (Multiple Chemicals) .............. 0.5 wt%

Lassichin ............................................... 0.5 weight%

Methionine ............................................... 0.1 wt%

Fish oil (sardine oil) .................................. 1.0 wt%

Water vapor ............................................... 9.5 weight%

(B) mixing and grinding

The composition of (A) was put into a mixer and mixed evenly for 20 minutes, then transferred to a grinder and operated for 30 minutes to grind to 80 mesh.

(C) expansion and cooling

The pulverized composition of (B) was placed in a puffing machine, swelled by sending water vapor to make it puffed up, and the molded pellets were cooled by an air cooler.

(D) through oil coating SMP  or EP Manufacture

After cooling the pellets of (C), after the oil coating, the water was produced in the form of semi-moist expanded pellets (SMP, Semi Moisture Pellet) so that the water was about 22% (Example 1), and separately, the water was 10% or less. After drying, oil coating was also prepared in the form of an expanded pellet (Extruder Pellet) (Example 2).

Example  3: wet ( MP ) Pellet  Manufacture of feed

In order to manufacture the MP pellet feed of the present invention, the following pellet feed composition was used. Bacillus cereus toyoi was used at 0.1% by weight to adjust 5 x 10 ⁹ cfu per 1 g final pellet feed.

(end) Pellet  Composition of the feed

Bacillus cereus toyoi (Rubinum, Toyocerine) .. 0.1 wt%

Antarctic krill mill (Norway Ackerssa) ............... 20.0% by weight

Fish Soluble Concentrate (Peru Diamantessa) ........ 3.0 wt%

L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate .............. 0.3 wt%

Frozen Mackerel (from Korea) .................................. 41.1% by weight

Frozen anchovies (from Korea) ........................... 20.0% by weight

Commercial compound feed (CJ company, fish feed for fish farming) ... 12.0 wt%

Kelp Mill (China Fuchou Co., Ltd.) ................................ 3.0 wt%

Mineral Premix (Multiple Chemicals) .............. 0.5 wt%

(B) mixing, grinding and molding

The composition of (A) was put into a pellet machine, stirred for 20 minutes, compressed to prepare MP pellets, and then frozen and stored at -20 ° C.

Comparative example  One

Example 1 For comparison with the semi-wetting expansion pellet (SMP) feed of Example 1, the product (product name: Eureka, manufacturer: Daebong LF English Co., Ltd.) excluding the active ingredients of the present invention was purchased commercially. It was prepared and used in the same manner as SMP.

* Component Ratio: Three components (Bacillus cereus Toyoi, Antarctic Krill Mill, Fish Soluble Concentrate) were excluded from the components of Example 1, and the excluded components were covered with fish meal.

Comparative example  2

For comparison with the swelling pellet (EP) feed of Example 2, a product (product name: Eureka, manufacturer: Daebong LF English Co., Ltd.) excluding the active ingredients of the present invention is commercially available and is the same as Example 2. It was prepared by using the EP type method.

* Component Ratio: Three components (Bacillus cereus toyoi, Antarctic krill mill, Fish Soluble Concentrate) of the components of Example 2 were excluded, and the excluded components were covered with fish meal.

Comparative example  3

For comparison with the wet (MP) pellet feed of Example 3, a product (raw feed, manufacturer: Bong-su-san), which excludes the active ingredients of the present invention, was commercially available and prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 Was used.

* Component Ratio: Three components (Bacillus cereus Toyoi, Antarctic Krill Mill, Fish Soluble Concentrate) of the component of Example 3 were excluded, and the excluded component was a product covered with frozen anchovy.

Experimental Example  : Cilia ( Scoochika And resistance to bacterial diseases

(1) Shaft test

① Stocking fish

묘 seedling raising test

An average 8 cm seedling was placed in 10,000 tanks of 6 tanks each 8 m in diameter. Seedlings were replaced by eggs from the same parent fish, and stocked with hatching under the same conditions.

성 Breeding fish raising test

Into the same egg, each 10 000 tanks of average weight 180 g flounder, which were hatched and subjected to the seedling raising stage, were placed in 6 10 m tanks.

② Classification of tank

Six tanks were numbered in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the SMP type feed of Example 1 was applied to the Example 1 tank, and the EP type feed of Example 2 was applied to the Example 2 tank. Example 3 The MP-type feed of Example 3 was used for the tank, and the tank of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was fed using a commercial feed that does not contain the active ingredient of the present invention.

③ feeding

⒜ Seedling nursery test

Equivalent feed was fed three times daily in each tank, and the body length was measured at 15-day intervals and microscopic examination was performed to confirm the scotch.

⒝ Breeding fish raising test

Feed the same weight three times daily in each tank, body length was measured at 1 month intervals and the cumulative survival rate was confirmed.

④ environment

Location: Sea and groundwater seawater in front of 1320 Pyoseon-ri, Pyoseon-myeon, Jeju Island

Temperature: 20 degrees Celsius ± 2 Quantity of water: 20 times / day Dissolved oxygen: 7 ~ 9 ppm

(2) Shaft test result

① Shaft test results from seedling (typically 7 to 8 cm) to fry (typically 18 to 22 cm)

Seedlings (usually 7-8 cm )in To the cheerleader stage (usually 18-22cm)  Shaft Test Results  division Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 2 Example 3 ^{2 )} Comparative Example 3 ^{2 )}  Remarks  15th  11 cm  10 cm  10 cm  10 cm  9 cm  9 cm  30 days  14 cm  12 cm  13 cm  12 cm  12 cm  12 cm  45 days  17 cm  14 cm  16 cm  14 cm  15 cm  13 cm  60 days  20 cm  17 cm  19 cm  17 cm  18 cm  16 cm  75 days  22 cm  20 cm  21 cm  19 cm  21 cm  18 cm accumulate
Mortality ^{3 )}   12%  32%  14%  28%  13%  36% Our cause
Unspecified Scoochika
Cumulative mortality ^{4 )}    5%  18%   9%  16%   7%  17% In dead fish
Squatch caterpillar detection Mucus mass +++++ +++ +++++ +++ ++++ +++ * 1): The size of the fish was measured by handing out 50 fish from each tank, and since the fish moved, it was not possible to accurately measure the numbers below the decimal point.
* 2): Example 3 and Comparative Example 3, as the MP feed pellet size was small to 2 ~ 4 mm frozen to bite and thrown, there was a problem that the feeding is not properly made due to a lot of shattered and scattered parts (hence the seedling Feeding at the SMP or EP type was more effective).
* 3): Cumulative mortality is the percentage of the total number of live stocks collected during the 75-day raising period divided by the initial stock number (10,000).
* 4): The cumulative mortality rate of Sukuchika is the number of first stocks (10,000) in which the number of Sukchika insects detected (using optical microscope) among the dead fishes and the cumulative number of the dead fish (during the breeding period) in which the mortality is judged to be caused by Sukuchika insects. The percentage divided by.

As can be seen in Table 1, using the pellet feed according to the present invention while feeding the average 8 cm fry (water temperature 20 ℃) up to an average of 20 cm, as a result, 20 for the feed group not mixed with these feed sources It took 75 days to grow to cm, but the feed group with feed source took 60 days as fast as 15 days, and the mortality caused by infection of pathogenic bacteria and protozoa was significantly reduced.

② Shaft test results at the growth stage

Shaft test results at the growth stage division Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 3 1 month later  260 g  239 g  257 g  240 g  260 g  237 g  2 "  325 g  310 g  320 g  309 g  324 g  312 g  3 “  380 g  365 g  375 g  362 g  377 g  367 g  4 "  423 g  401 g  420 g  398 g  422 g  404 g  5 “  521 g  518 g  515 g  510 g  520 g  517 g  6 “  610 g  576 g  605 g  572 g  609 g  580 g  7 “  720 g  677 g  715 g  678 g  718 g  690 g accumulate
Survival rate  90.7%  80.6%  88.6%  80.2%  88.7%  79.6% * 1) The body weight is an average of 50 animals.
* 2) Cumulative survival rate is the percentage of total fish killed during the stock raising minus the number of stocks at the time of stocking and divided by the number of stocks.

As can be seen in Table 1 and 2, when using the pellet feed according to the present invention was not well infected with pathogenic bacteria and ciliary, the growth was fast, mortality was clearly reduced results.

Claims (11)

Bacillus cereus ( Bacillus cereus ) pellets for fish farming, characterized in that it comprises 10 ¹ to 10 ¹² cfu per 1 g of pellet feed.
The pellet feed for fish farming according to claim 1, further comprising 0.1 to 20.0% by weight of amino acids and 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of vitamin C derivatives.
The pellet feed for fish farming according to claim 1, further comprising 0.1 to 3.5 wt% of chitin or chitosan.
The pellet feed for fish farming according to claim 2, wherein the amino acid is one or more selected from the group consisting of glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, lysine, hydroxylysine and glutamic acid.
The pellet feed for fish farming according to claim 2, wherein the vitamin C derivative is phosphate vitamin C.
delete The fish feed pellet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pellets are semi-expanded expanded pellets (SMP), dry expanded pellets (EP) or wet pellets (MP).
(A) preparing a feed composition containing Bacillus cereus , 0.1 to 20.0% by weight of the amino acid and 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of the vitamin C derivative;
(b) mixing the composition in a mixer for 7 to 30 minutes and then pulverizing for 10 to 60 minutes in a grinder; And
(c) swelling the ground composition in a puffing machine to form pellets and cooling them
A method of producing a pellet feed for fish farming comprising a.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising (d) oil coating the cooled pellets.
delete 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the feed composition of step (a) comprises 0.1 to 3.5% by weight of chitin or chitosan.

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