KR101048153B1 - Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat - Google Patents

Abstract

Waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat according to the present invention, the waste feeder; Desalination module for producing a solid fuel by separating the chlorine from the waste introduced from the feeder; A fluidized bed combustor configured to receive the manufactured solid fuel and combust with air to generate a flow sand and combustion gas; And a cyclone in which the flow yarn and the combustion gas generated in the fluidized bed combustor flow in, supply some of the flow sand introduced into the fluidized bed combustor, and supply another portion of the flow sand introduced to the desalination module. Apparatus, wherein the flow yarn supplied to the desalination module is supplied to the fluidized bed combustor with the manufactured solid fuel.

Description

Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat {A DESALTER OF WASTE USING FLUIDIZED BED-WASTE HEAT}

The present invention relates to a desalination apparatus for waste using fluidized bed waste heat, and more particularly, to prepare a solid fuel by separating chlorine from waste using a high temperature fluidized sand produced in a fluidized bed combustor, and recycling the fluidized sand. The present invention relates to a waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat.

Plastic means a material which can be molded by heating, pressurization or a combination of the two, or a resin product using such a material. These plastics are used in large quantities worldwide, but the recycling of waste plastics is very low, such as 30%, and most waste plastics are landfilled or simply incinerated.

In recent years, producers have been obliged to produce Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), that is, to recycle more than a certain amount of waste that can be recycled. Since the collection system has been implemented, a great deal of research has been conducted to recycle waste plastics.

In particular, the fueling of waste and industrial wastes containing a large amount of waste plastics, such as waste-dedicated fuels (RDF) and waste plastic fuels (Refuse Plastic Fuel), is rapidly developing in line with the government's policy to expand renewable energy. .

In general, waste plastics can be recycled in plastic form through a rigorous separation process, but waste plastics that are physically mixed with garbage and waste are expensive to separate them, so they are mainly used as energy sources through solid fuelization. .

PVC, which is one of the five general-purpose plastics, contains a large amount of chlorine, which is likely to release HCl and a large amount of dioxins, and thus, there is a difficulty in recycling in solid fueling, pyrolysis gasification, incineration, and the like.

Specifically, when PVC is mixed with industrial waste for pyrolysis emulsification or pyrolysis gasification or incineration, hydrochloric acid is inevitably emitted during combustion or decomposition, and during combustion, a large amount of dioxins and furans ) Is very likely to be discharged, reducing the lifetime of the system, such as precipitation on the surface of the heat exchanger, such as reactor walls, water pipes, corrosion of metals easily, fouling of the heat pipe walls in the reactor, This causes a great deal of damage, such as reducing the efficiency of the entire system.

Therefore, the installation of a desalination plant capable of recovering chlorine is inevitable in a facility using waste containing a large amount of PVC as fuel, and for this purpose, an economical and excellent desalination efficiency facility is required.

In the related art, an electrostatic screening method for generating static electricity in a waste containing a large amount of PVC, passing it between electrode plates subjected to a proper electric field, and separating PVC is developed and used.

However, the method is limited in size and type of waste plastics that can be separated and can be used only when there are only a few kinds of flasks with no other impurities, so that heterogeneous compounds are already mixed or pretreated. There is a problem in that it is not applicable to waste processed fuel such as RDF and RPF formed.

In addition, as a conventional technique, when the mixed waste plastic is manufactured as a solid fuel, there is a method of adding hydrolyzed lime or quicklime to neutralize hydrochloric acid generated during combustion to reduce the concentration of hydrochloric acid.

However, this method has the problem of forming secondary wastes to form secondary wastes, there is no change in overall chlorine concentration, and there is a possibility of reforming toxic oxides such as dioxins upon combustion.

In addition, as a conventional technique, there is a method for removing post-chlorine powder by providing a separate purification facility. However, this method has to install a separate refining facility, there is a problem that the facility investment cost increases, the operation and process efficiency is reduced. In addition, the prior art, there is a method of adsorbing the chlorine component through a ceramic or other alkaline solvent, the method has a problem that the overall cost of the system increases and waste water occurs.

Therefore, in order to reduce the generation of secondary waste by pre-desalting and to reduce the amount of hydrochloric acid or dioxin generated in the combustion process, pre-desalting technology should be applied, and it is necessary to develop an economical and desalination plant. It is becoming.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention, by using a high-temperature fluidized sand produced in a fluidized bed combustor to separate the chlorine components from waste to produce a solid fuel, and recycle the fluidized sand It is to provide a desalination device for waste using fluidized bed waste heat.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a desalination apparatus for wastes using fluidized bed waste heat that can suppress fouling, corrosion, dioxy and purine generation through a prior dechlorination process.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a desalination apparatus for waste using fluidized bed waste heat, which is applicable to waste processing fuels such as RDF and RPF, which are mixed with different compounds or are already formed through pretreatment.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat which can utilize waste heat generated in a fluidized bed combustor as heat or energy required for the desalination reaction, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire system.

In addition, the object of the present invention, there is no need for a separate refining facility, there is no need to install a separate heating device in the pre-dechlorination process, it is easier to operate and repair, and using the fluidized bed waste heat is very economical in terms of cost It is to provide a desalination device for waste.

Waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat according to the present invention, the waste feeder; Desalination module for producing a solid fuel by separating the chlorine from the waste introduced from the feeder; A fluidized bed combustor configured to receive the manufactured solid fuel and combust with air to generate a flow sand and combustion gas; And a cyclone in which the flow yarn and the combustion gas generated in the fluidized bed combustor flow in, supply some of the flow sand introduced into the fluidized bed combustor, and supply another portion of the flow sand introduced to the desalination module. Apparatus, wherein the flow yarn supplied to the desalination module is supplied to the fluidized bed combustor with the manufactured solid fuel.

Preferably, a first heat exchanger is further provided between the cyclone apparatus and the desalination module, and the first heat exchanger is capable of reducing the flow yarn supplied from the cyclone apparatus to the desalination module to a predetermined temperature range. It features.

Preferably, the first heat exchanger is characterized in that it is arranged to supply the heat absorbed from the flow yarn supplied from the cyclone apparatus to the desalination module to the fluidized bed combustor.

Preferably, the predetermined temperature range is characterized in that 400 ℃ ~ 440 ℃.

Preferably, the desalination module includes a first pipe connected to the fluidized bed combustor and a second pipe branched from the first pipe and connected to the outside, and volatile in the process of preparing the solid fuel by separating the chlorine. Gas, water vapor and HCl are generated, the volatile gas is introduced into the fluidized bed combustor through the first pipe, the water vapor and the HCl is discharged to the outside through the second pipe.

Preferably, the first pipe before branching of the first pipe and the second pipe is provided with a second heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger reduces the temperature of the steam to condense into water, and the condensed water Is discharged to the outside through the second pipe.

According to the present invention, the high temperature fluidized sand produced in the fluidized bed combustor may be used to separate chlorine components from waste to produce a solid fuel, and the fluidized sand may be recycled.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, fouling, generation of corrosion, generation of dioxy and purine can be suppressed through a pre-dechlorination process.

According to the present invention, it is also applicable to waste processing fuels such as RDF and RPF, which are mixed with different compounds or have already been formed through pretreatment.

Further, according to the present invention, waste heat generated in a fluidized bed combustor can be utilized as heat or energy required for the desalination reaction, thereby improving energy efficiency of the entire system.

In addition, according to the present invention, there is no need for a separate refining facility, and there is no need to install a separate heating device in a pre-dechlorination process, which makes it easier to operate and repair, and is very economical in terms of wastewater using fluidized bed waste heat. The desalination apparatus of can be provided.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment of the impurity removal system and method in the synthesis gas using a flow yarn according to the present invention. In this process, the thickness of the lines or the size of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, the terms described below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or custom of the user, the operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

<Examples>

1 is a schematic view of a waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the desalination apparatus 100 of waste using fluidized bed waste heat includes a feeder 110, a desalination module 120, a fluidized bed combustor 130, and a cyclone device 140. Referring to Figure 1 will be described in detail with respect to the waste desalination apparatus 100 using the fluidized bed waste heat.

The feeder 110 is an approximately funnel-shaped device which is installed on the desalination module 120 to supply waste to the desalination module 120. Waste supplied to the feeder 110 is introduced into the desalination module 120. Although the shape of the feeder 110 is shown as a funnel shape in this embodiment, it is noted that the shape of the feeder 110 is not limited thereto.

In the present invention, "waste" means an industrial waste including waste plastic containing a large amount of PVC, but the type of waste supplied to the feeder 110 is not necessarily limited thereto.

The desalination module 120 is a device for preparing a dried solid fuel by separating the chlorine component from the waste flowing from the feeder (110). In the present embodiment, the desalination module 120 may be generally made by a twin screw extruder (not shown) provided so that two screws can be freely connected in the module, but the configuration of the desalination module 120 is not limited thereto. Be careful. Meanwhile, the desalination module 120 may include a first pipe 121 connected to the fluidized bed combustor 130 to be described later, and a second pipe 122 branched from the first pipe 121 and connected to the outside.

Looking at the action principle of the desalination module 120 in detail, the desalination module 120 separates and discharges small components from the waste by melting and kneading and stirring at the same time the waste flowing from the feeder 110, such a pyrolysis reaction To produce a solid fuel.

Heat is required for this pyrolysis reaction, and the heat of reaction is supplied by fluid sand supplied from the cyclone apparatus 140 to be described later. The temperature in the desalination module 120 by such a flow yarn is preferably maintained at 400 ℃ ~ 440 ℃.

The reason for maintaining the temperature in the desalination module 120 is as described above, in the case of pure PVC, more than 99% of the desalination effect was confirmed at 270 ℃ or more when mixed with other kinds of plastics more than 91% desalting effect at 370 ℃ or more Because it confirmed. On the other hand, if the temperature is too high, it is not preferable because the plastic component in the waste is carbonized or the volatilization amount is increased. If the temperature is too low, the desalination rate is reduced and the reaction time is increased because sufficient heat for desalination is not supplied. Because it is not desirable.

In the desalination module 120, the solid fuel dried by separating chlorine and the like from the waste is supplied to the fluidized bed combustor 130 together with the flowing sand. As will be described later, the fluidized bed combustor 130 receives the solid fuel and the flow sand, and serves to generate the high temperature flow sand and the combustion gas by burning the solid fuel together with the air.

In the desalination module 120, volatile gas, steam, hydrogen chloride gas, etc. are further generated in the process of preparing a solid fuel by separating chlorine components from wastes. The volatile gas is introduced into the fluidized bed combustor 130 through the first pipe 121, and water vapor and hydrogen chloride gas are discharged to the outside through the second pipe 122.

The volatile gas flowing into the fluidized bed combustor 130 through the first pipe 121 may be used to adjust the combustion state of the fluidized bed combustor 130 together with air. This reburn process allows the reduction of fuel NOx and the agricultural control of the temperature distribution in the boiler.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, the volatile gas generated in the desalination module 120 is introduced into the fluidized bed combustor 130 through one first pipe 121, but two or more pipes are provided for proper combustion state control of the fluidized bed combustor 130. Of course, it can be introduced into the top, bottom and the like appropriately.

The fluidized bed combustor 130 burns particulate solid fuel injected under a high temperature fluidized bed and uses combustion heat. In the present invention, the fluidized bed combustor 130 receives solid fuel produced in the desalination module 120 and burns the air together with air to generate high temperature flow sand and combustion gas. The fluidized bed combustor 130 is a known combustor and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, although the present invention refers to a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustor as the fluidized bed combustor 130, the type and configuration of the fluidized bed combustor 130 is not particularly limited.

On the other hand, the fluidized bed combustor 130 generates a high temperature of the flowing sand and combustion gas. Such high temperature flow sand and combustion gas are supplied to the cyclone device 140. This fluid is supplied to the desalination module 120, or introduced to the fluidized bed combustor 130, as will be described later.

The cyclone device 140 is a separation device using centrifugal force generated by the swirl flow of the fluid. In the present invention, the cyclone device 140 separates and collects the flow sand from the flow sand and the combustion gas introduced from the fluidized bed combustor 130 and serves to discharge the combustion gas to the outside.

On the other hand, the cyclone device 140 supplies a portion of the flow sand flowed in and collected from the fluidized bed combustor 130 to the fluidized bed combustor 130, and supplies another portion of the flow sand flowed in and collected to the desalination module 120. . The flow yarn re-supplied to the fluidized bed combustor 130 serves to supply heat to the fluidized bed combustor 130, and the fluidized sand supplied to the desalination module 120 supplies heat to the pyrolysis reaction performed in the desalination module 120. Play a role.

Briefly looking at the technical characteristics of the desalination device 100 of the waste using the fluidized bed waste heat consisting of the components, the hot fluid generated in the fluidized bed combustor 130 flows into the desalination module 120 via the cyclone device 140 Then, heat is supplied to the desalination module 120, and the desalination module 120 separates the chlorine component from the waste using heat supplied from the flow yarn to produce a solid fuel. In addition, the flow yarn supplied with heat to the desalination module 120 is introduced into the fluidized bed combustor 130 to be regenerated into a high temperature flow yarn.

That is, by such a configuration, it is possible to suppress fouling, generation of corrosion, and generation of dioxy and purine, which may occur as the waste having no chlorine content is supplied to the fluidized bed combustor 130, and the fluidized bed combustor 130 may be suppressed. Waste heat generated from) can be utilized as heat or energy required for the desalination reaction, and even water in the waste can be removed to improve the energy efficiency of the entire system.

2 is a schematic view of a waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the desalination apparatus 200 for waste using fluidized bed waste heat includes a feeder 210, a desalination module 220, a fluidized bed combustor 230, a cyclone apparatus 240, a first heat exchanger 250, and a first heat exchanger 250. Two heat exchangers 260.

The waste desalination apparatus 200 using the fluidized bed waste heat shown in FIG. 2 is compared with the desalination apparatus 100 of waste using the fluidized bed waste heat shown in FIG. 1, and the first heat exchanger 250 and the second heat exchanger are shown. Except that it further includes (260) it has the same components and description thereof will be omitted.

With reference to Figure 2 will be described in detail with respect to the waste desalination apparatus 200 using the fluidized bed waste heat.

The first heat exchanger 250 is disposed between the cyclone device 140 and the desalination module 120, the predetermined temperature range through the heat exchange the high-temperature flow yarn supplied from the cyclone device 140 to the desalination module 120 It is a device that can be reduced. In this embodiment, although water is introduced and the introduced water is supplied with heat from a high temperature flow sand while passing through a pipe, the water is converted into water vapor, and a water-cooled heat exchanger in which the water vapor flows out is used. Note that the type and configuration of the first heat exchanger 250 is not limited as long as it can be reduced to a preset temperature range.

The preset temperature range is about 400 ° C to 440 ° C. For this reason, as described above, since the temperature in the desalination module 120 is maintained in the range of about 400 ° C. to 440 ° C., the first heat exchanger 250 changes the temperature of the flow yarn to about 400 ° C. because the most efficient temperature range during the pyrolysis reaction. Decrease to 440 ° C.

On the other hand, the first heat exchanger 250 is arranged to supply the heat absorbed from the flow yarn to the fluidized bed combustor 130. That is, heat may be supplied to the fluidized bed combustor 130 through water vapor flowing out of the first heat exchanger 250. Such water vapor supplies heat to the fluidized bed combustor 130 in a manner that is directly supplied to the fluidized bed combustor 130 or indirectly heats the inner wall of the fluidized bed combustor 130.

The second heat exchanger 260 is disposed on the first pipe 221 before the first pipe 221 and the second pipe 222 branch, and is discharged to the outside through the second pipe 221. Is a device that can condense into water through heat exchange. In this embodiment, although the water is introduced, the water is supplied to the heat flowing from the high temperature flow yarn while passing through the pipe is converted into water vapor, and the water vapor is used as a water-cooled heat exchanger, but the water can be condensed Note that, as long as the type and configuration of the second heat exchanger 260 is not limited. Meanwhile, water condensed by the second heat exchanger 260 is discharged to the outside through the second pipe 222 together with hydrogen chloride.

As mentioned above, although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the following claims are not limited to the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It can be easily understood by those skilled in the art that can be modified and modified.

1 is a schematic diagram of a waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat according to an embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a schematic diagram of a waste desalination apparatus using fluidized bed waste heat according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (6)

In the desalination apparatus of waste using fluidized bed waste heat, A feeder to which waste is supplied; Desalination module for producing a solid fuel by separating the chlorine from the waste introduced from the feeder; A fluidized bed combustor configured to receive the manufactured solid fuel and combust with air to generate a flow sand and combustion gas; And The cyclone apparatus which flows in the fluidized bed combustor and the combustion gas which generate | occur | produces in the said fluidized bed combustor, reflows some of the flowed-flow sand into the said fluidized bed combustor, and supplies another part of the flowed-flow sand into the desalination module. Including; The fluid yarn supplied to the desalination module is supplied to the fluidized bed combustor together with the manufactured solid fuel, Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat. The method of claim 1, A first heat exchanger is further provided between the cyclone device and the desalination module. The first heat exchanger may reduce the flow yarn supplied from the cyclone device to the desalination module to a predetermined temperature range, Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat. The method of claim 2, The first heat exchanger is arranged to supply heat absorbed from the flow yarn supplied from the cyclone device to the desalination module to the fluidized bed combustor, Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat. The method of claim 2, The predetermined temperature range is characterized in that 400 ℃ ~ 440 ℃, Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The desalination module includes a first pipe connected to the fluidized bed combustor and a second pipe branched from the first pipe and connected to the outside, In the process of preparing the solid fuel by separating the chlorine, volatile gas, water vapor, and HCl are generated, and the volatile gas is introduced into the fluidized bed combustor through the first pipe, and the water vapor and the HCl are in the second pipe. Characterized in that discharged to the outside through, Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat. The method of claim 5, A first heat exchanger is provided in the first pipe before the first pipe and the second pipe branch, the second heat exchanger reduces the temperature of the water vapor to condense it into water, and the condensed water is in the second pipe. Characterized in that discharged to the outside through the pipe, Waste desalination unit using fluidized bed waste heat.

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