KR101033880B1 - Charge and discharge method for battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle.

That is, in the present invention, a charging station is disposed at an initial starting point at the bottom of a mountain and a destination at a lower side of a mountain, and each battery is equipped with an energy storage battery, and the charging of the starting point before the electric vehicle crosses a mountain area. By charging the electric vehicle at the station and discharging the electric vehicle to the charging station at the destination beyond the mountainous region, it is possible to optimize the battery usage efficiency when driving the mountainous region of the electric vehicle, and to charge the electric vehicle. The aim is to provide a charging and discharging method for electric vehicles that can reduce the city's electric bill payment cost and balance power consumption of each charging station.

Electric automatic window, charging and discharging method, mountain area, battery, charging station, electric charge

Description

Battery charging and discharging method of electric vehicle {Charge and discharge method for battery of electric vehicle}

The present invention relates to a method for charging and discharging a battery of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, the electric vehicle is charged at a charging station at an initial starting point before the electric vehicle crosses a mountain road, and the electric vehicle is charged as much as the usage amount of the charging station at the destination. A method of charging and discharging a battery of an electric vehicle, which discharges the electric vehicle and eliminates the charging electric charges generated when driving the mountain road and balances the amount of power of each charging station disposed at both shores of the mountain road. will be.

In the case where the electric vehicle is driving on a mountain road, even if a certain amount of battery charge is stored above the mountain road, high power is required to climb the mountain road, so it is necessary to replenish the electric power for climbing, so that the lower part of the mountain area The charging station located at the initial starting point needs to supply a large amount of power for charging the electric vehicle.

However, when the electric vehicle runs downhill past the peak of the mountainous area and goes down the opposite side of the mountain, the battery is charged again by self-generation and regenerative braking, so as a result, the battery is charged at the charging station before going up the mountain road. There is a problem of paying an unnecessary electric charge due to charging.

In addition, the number and size of electric vehicles traveling to and from the mountainous regions are different, so the power consumption of the two charging stations at the foot of the mountainous region is likely to be very different.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, the charging station is disposed at each of the first starting point of the bottom of the mountain and the destination of the other side of the lower mountain, the electric vehicle is equipped with an energy storage battery in each charging station The electric vehicle is charged at the charging station at the starting point before crossing the mountain area, and the electric vehicle is discharged at the charging station at the destination crossing the mountain area, thereby improving the battery usage efficiency of the electric vehicle when driving in the mountain area. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle charging / discharging method that can optimize the cost, reduce the electric bill payment cost when charging the electric vehicle, and balance power consumption of each charging station.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a charging station disposed at an initial starting point of a mountain bottom and an opposite destination of a mountain bottom, and a battery for storing energy at each charging station is provided. Transmitting a charge request signal through a communication line from a control unit; Calculating a target charge amount for the battery of the electric vehicle at the charging station at the starting point, and performing charging; Receiving data on a unique ID of the electric vehicle, a current battery SOC, and a mounted battery capacity at a charging station at the starting point and transmitting the data to a destination charging station via a communication line; When the electric vehicle arrives at the charging station at the destination, transmitting the vehicle unique ID and the current battery charge amount to the charging station at the destination; Calculating surplus power, which is a difference between an initial battery charge amount of the electric vehicle and a current battery charge amount, in a control unit of a charging station at a destination; Discharging the surplus power charged in the battery of the electric vehicle and charging the discharged surplus power to the energy storage battery of the charging station at the destination; It provides a battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle, characterized in that consisting of.

In a preferred embodiment, the target charge amount charged in the electric vehicle is calculated by [charger's basic charge capacity-residual charge amount (SOC) of the onboard battery] + [smooth power required], [target charge amount + remaining charge amount of the onboard battery] (SOC)]> = [on-board battery capacity], characterized in that full charging is performed.

In another preferred embodiment, the charging station of the starting station and the charging station of the destination check the amount of charge of each energy storage battery that is held through the data communication line, and when the remaining battery capacity of each energy storage is changed by more than a certain amount, And balancing the battery charge amount between the stock batteries.

That is, the step of balancing the battery charge amount between each energy storage battery includes the steps of: transmitting a required power amount through a communication line from a charging station having a low charge amount of the energy storage battery to a charging station having a high charge amount of the energy storage battery; Performing a full charge on the electric vehicle at a charging station having a large charge amount of the energy storage battery than the target charge amount; The charging station of the energy storage battery is discharged from the battery of the electric vehicle, but discharges to the initial charging amount (SOC) of the battery of the electric vehicle, and at the same time the charge of the battery of the charging station of the energy storage battery Characterized in that the process proceeds;

Through the above problem solving means, the present invention provides the following effects.

According to the present invention, when the electric vehicle travels in a mountainous region, after charging at the charging station before running on the back, and then discharged at the charging station after driving downhill, it is possible to reduce the electric bill payment cost during charging.

In addition, since the charging station can be operated without constructing a separate large capacity transmission line and transmission tower in the mountainous area, there is an advantage that the infrastructure of the charging station can be constructed in the mountainous area.

In addition, by the charge and discharge of the electric vehicle it is possible to balance the amount of the battery for storing the energy held in each charging station.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic view illustrating a battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, and the battery charging and discharging method when the electric vehicle A runs from a first charging station to a second charging station in a mountainous region. It is a schematic diagram explaining.

According to the present invention, first and second charging stations 10 and 20 are disposed at an initial starting point of a mountain bottom (mountain foot) and a destination of an opposite mountain lower part (mountain foot), respectively, and energy is charged to each charging station 10 and 20. With the reserve batteries 30 and 40 in place, supplementary charging of the electric vehicle is performed at the first charging station 10 at the departure point before the electric vehicle crosses the mountainous region, and after crossing the mountainous region, By discharging the electric vehicle to the second charging station 20, the electric power of the electric vehicle that can replace the discharge power of the electric vehicle with the electric charge according to the supplementary charging when driving in the mountainous area and at the same time optimize the battery use efficiency It is to provide a discharge method.

The electric vehicle A is charged at the first charging station 10 at the starting point before driving the mountainous area, that is, before climbing the mountain, and at this time, the second charging station located on the opposite side of the mountain at the first charging station 10. For 20, the unique vehicle ID, initial battery charge (SOC), and charging power data of the electric vehicle are transmitted.

Subsequently, when the electric vehicle A runs downhill past the highest point of the mountain and arrives at the second charging station 20 at the destination located under the opposite mountain, the electric vehicle A is connected to the second charging station 20 to identify the vehicle unique ID. And the current battery charge amount SOC, and the second charging station 20 calculates a difference between the initial battery charge amount of the electric vehicle and the current battery charge amount, that is, surplus power.

That is, when the electric vehicle A runs downhill past the peak of the mountain, the battery is charged by self-generation and regenerative braking, so that the current battery charge is higher than the initial battery charge, and thus the initial battery Calculate surplus power, which is the difference between the charge and the current battery charge.

Subsequently, the surplus power charged in the battery of the electric vehicle A is discharged, and the discharged surplus power is charged in the energy storage battery 40 stored in the second charging station 20.

Thus, the second charging station 20 based on the charging power data received from the first charging station 10, the electric charge of the amount of power deducting surplus power from the charging power charged by the first charging station 10 It will be charged to the electric vehicle, of course, if the surplus power is high, it will return the electric charge of the amount of electricity deducting the charging power from the surplus power.

2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, and a schematic diagram illustrating the battery charging and discharging method when the electric vehicle B runs from the second charging station to the first charging station. to be.

After the electric vehicle B charges in the second charging station 20, the electric vehicle B discharges in the first charging station 10 and charges an electric charge deducting the surplus electric power as described above. Since A) proceeds in the same manner as charging and discharging in the first charging station 10 and the second charging station 20, the description thereof will be omitted.

The accompanying Figure 3 is made between each charging station when the electric vehicle A runs from the first charging station to the second charging station and at the same time the electric vehicle B runs from the second charging station to the first charging station. A schematic diagram illustrating the communication process.

As shown in FIG. 3, the electric vehicle A travels from the first charging station 10 to the second charging station 20, and at the same time the electric vehicle B is driven from the second charging station 20 by the first. When driving to the charging station 10, the first and second charging stations 10 and 20 always check each other's charge amount SOC of the energy storage battery via the data communication line 60.

As a result of checking the charge amount SOC of the energy storage battery between the first and second charging stations 10 and 20, the remaining amount of the energy storage batteries 30 and 40 of the first and second charging stations 10 and 20 is determined. If the change is more than this schedule, an equalization function that balances the battery charge between the energy storage batteries 30 and 40 operates as follows.

First, the required amount of power is transmitted through the communication line 60 from the smaller amount of charge of the energy storage battery to the higher amount of charge.

That is, when the remaining amount of the energy storage battery 30 of the first charging station 10 is small and the remaining amount of the energy storage battery 40 of the second charging station 20 is large, the second charging station 10 may perform a second operation. The required amount of power is transmitted to the charging station 20 through the communication line 60.

On the contrary, when the energy storage battery 30 remaining in the first charging station 10 is large and the energy storage battery 40 remaining in the second charging station 20 is small, 1 The required amount of power is transmitted to the charging station 20 through the communication line 60.

Subsequently, a charging station having a battery with a large amount of energy reserves performs more full charge of the electric vehicle than necessary.

For example, when the remaining amount of energy storage battery 30 of the first charging station 10 is large, and the remaining amount of energy storage battery 40 of the second charging station 20 is small, the first charging station 10 Will charge more of the electric vehicle than you need.

Subsequently, when the full-charged electric vehicle arrives at the second charging station 20 in which the remaining amount of the battery 40 for energy storage is small, discharge is performed from the battery of the electric vehicle to the battery 40 for energy storage. Battery discharge of the vehicle is made up to the initial charge amount (SOC), eventually charging the energy storage battery 40 of the second charging station 20 is made.

Thus, the second charging station 20 having the battery 40 having a low energy storage amount receives discharge from several or more electric vehicles, so that the charge amount of the battery 40 having a low energy storage amount can be improved upwards. The amount of charge SOC of the energy storage batteries 30 and 40 of the first and second charging stations 10 and 20 may be adjusted in a balanced manner without the help of a separate power transmission system.

Of course, when the amount of charge stored in the energy storage batteries 30 and 40 of the first and second charging stations 10 and 20 drops below an average value (set value), the power transmission system 50 of the power company may be used. The incoming electricity is charged in the energy storage batteries 30 and 40.

Here, when summarized step by step with reference to Figure 4 attached to the electric vehicle battery charging and discharging method of the present invention as follows.

As the electric vehicle checking step, the electric vehicles A and B are connected to the charging station 10 and 20 through the communication line 80 with the unique ID assigned to the vehicle, the installed battery capacity, the current battery remaining amount SOC, and the like. The chargers 12 and 22 are notified.

As a storage power checking step of an electric vehicle, information from the power storage batteries 30 and 40 connected to the respective chargers 12 and 22 is communicated through the communication line 82, and the current remaining charge amount of the storage battery is stored. Check it.

As a judging step for leveling the charges between the charging stations, the controller of the charger 12 communicates with the controller of the other charger 22 through the communication line 60 to enable or disable charging of the stock battery of the other charger 22. Receive electric power

As a step of determining the battery charge amount of the electric vehicle, the controller of the chargers 12 and 22 receives the battery capacity and the required power amount table mounted in the electric vehicles A and B, and sets the required power amount according to the on-board battery capacity.

As the battery charging and charging completion step of the electric vehicle, according to the charging voltage command and the charging current command from the electric vehicles A and B, the controllers of the chargers 12 and 22 supply the specified electric power to the vehicle, Charging is stopped by charging completion notification from (A, B) or charging stop determination on the chargers 12 and 22 side.

As a discharge and discharge completion step of the electric vehicle, when a discharge request signal is transmitted from the control unit of the electric vehicles A and B, the chargers 12 and 22 confirm the connection of battery power from the electric vehicles A and B. When the charging of the energy storage batteries 30 and 40 is started and the discharge completion signal from the controllers of the electric vehicles A and B is received, the chargers 12 and 22 are connected to the storage batteries 30 and 40. The charging stops and the electric vehicles A and B stop discharging.

Here, the battery charging and discharging method of the electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

First, the charging of the battery for the electric vehicle in the charging station located at the initial starting point under the mountain is performed by the following control sequence, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.

5 to 7 are flowcharts illustrating a battery charging method of an electric vehicle.

First stage

The connecting means (for example, the charging plug) of the charger 12 of the first charging station 10 is connected to the electric vehicle A, and a charge request is made through a communication line from the control unit of the electric vehicle A. Send a signal.

2nd step

The control unit built in the charger 12 receives a charging request signal [chharge_ Request_ V] from the electric vehicle A.

3rd step

The charging standby status signal [Charge_Status_C_Standby] is transmitted from the controller built in the charger 12 to the controller of the electric vehicle A.

4th step

The controller of the charger 12 receives the unique ID of the vehicle, the current battery SOC, the mounted battery capacity, and the like from the electric vehicle A.

5th step

The controller of the charger 12 requests the controller of the charger 22 of the second charging station 20 to determine whether the remaining amount of the energy storage battery 40 is greater than the average through the communication line 60.

6th step

The signal [Bat_ Smooth_Status] indicating that the remaining amount of the energy storage battery 40 and the amount of power required to be maintained above the average level (hereinafter referred to as smoothness required) is provided from the charger 22 of the second charging station 20. 1 is received by the charger 12 of the charging station 10.

7th Step

Based on the on-board battery capacity received from the electric vehicle A, the control unit of the charger 12 uses the basic charging capacity of the charger 12 and the on-board battery capacity map MAP, thereby allowing the electric vehicle A to Calculate the basic charge capacity needed to climb a mountainous area.

8th step

The target charge amount charged in the electric vehicle A is calculated as follows.

Calculate the target charge amount = [basic charge capacity of the charger-remaining charge amount (SOC) of the mounted battery] + [smooth power required].

[Remaining charge amount (SOC) of target charge amount + mounted battery]> = [Load battery capacity] In the case of full charge (FullFCharge).

9th Step

The controller of the charger 12 transmits a charge ready status signal [Charge_Status_ C_ Ready] to the controller of the electric vehicle A. FIG.

10th step

The charging preparation response signal [Charge_Stratus_V_Read] is received from the controller of the electric vehicle A in the controller of the charger 12.

11th Step

The charging of the battery of the electric vehicle A is started from the energy storage battery 30 of the charger 12 by a charging command issued by the controller of the charger 12.

12th Step

The charging state signal [Charge_Status_V_Charge] is received from the electric vehicle A by the controller of the charger 12.

13th Step

When the charging status signal [Charge_Status_V_Charge] cannot be received from the electric vehicle A, the controller of the charger 12 immediately stops charging.

Fourteenth Step

The charging standby (Standby) status signal [Charge_Status_ C_ Standby] is transmitted from the charger 12 to the electric vehicle A.

Step 15

The charging completion signal [Charge_Status_V] and the remaining battery amount BATSOC are received from the controller of the electric vehicle 7 at the controller of the charger 12.

16th and 17th steps

[Current Battery Level (BATSOC)-Initial Battery Level (BATSOC)]> = [Target Charge Level] Signal, or Full Charge Signal [Charge_Status_ C_ Complete] from Control Unit of Electric Vehicle 7 When received from, the controller of the charger 12 stops charging the battery of the electric vehicle A.

18th step

The charging standby state signal [Charge_Status_C_Standby] is transmitted from the charger 12 to the electric vehicle A.

Step 19

From the charger 12 of the first charging station 10 to the charger 22 of the second charging station 20, the vehicle unique ID, the initial battery remaining amount, the current battery remaining amount at the end of charging, the charger 12 The amount of power required for smoothing is transmitted.

Subsequently, the electric vehicle is discharged to the charging station of the destination located at the lower side of the opposite mountain by the following control sequence, which will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10.

5 to 7 are flowcharts illustrating a battery charging method of an electric vehicle.

First stage

A connecting means (for example, a discharge plug) of the charger 22 of the second charging station 20 is connected to the electric vehicle A, and a discharge request signal [Discharge] is transmitted through a communication line from a controller of the electric vehicle A. Request].

2nd step

The control unit built in the charger 22 receives the discharge request new signal [Discharge__Request__V] from the electric vehicle A.

3rd step

The discharge standby status signal [Discharge_Status_C_Standby] is transmitted from the controller built in the charger 22 to the controller of the electric vehicle A.

4th step

The controller of the charger 22 receives the unique ID of the vehicle, the current battery SOC, the mounted battery capacity, and the like from the electric vehicle A.

5th step

The vehicle unique ID received from the charger 12 of the first charging station 10, the initial battery remaining amount, the current battery remaining amount at the end of the charging, and the smoothing power amount required by the charger 12 are checked.

6th step

Calculate the required charge consumed when the electric vehicle A crosses a mountain.

In other words, the amount of power consumed is calculated by calculating [the amount of power consumed when crossing the mountain range] = [a battery remaining amount at the end of charging-the current battery remaining amount].

7th Step

The amount of discharge power of the electric vehicle A is calculated.

That is, the amount of discharge power is calculated through [discharge power amount] = [battery remaining amount at the end of charging-initial battery remaining amount before charging].

8th step

The control unit of the charger 22 of the second charging station 20 transmits a discharge ready state signal [Discharge_Status_ C_ Ready] to the control unit of the electric vehicle A.

9th Step

The discharge preparation response signal [Discharge_Stratus_V_Read] is received from the controller of the electric vehicle A in the controller of the charger 22.

10th step

The controller of the charger 22 transmits a discharge ready signal [Discharge_Status_C_Discharge] to the electric vehicle A. FIG.

11th Step

In response to the discharge command issued from the controller of the charger 22, the discharge is started in the battery charger 22 of the electric vehicle A, and the battery 40 for energy storage of the second charging station 20 is charged. .

12th Step

The electric vehicle A receives the status signal [Discharge__Status__V_Charge] during the discharge by the controller of the charger 22.

13th Step

If the discharging status signal [Discharge_ Status__V_Charge] cannot be received from the electric vehicle A, the controller of the charger 22 immediately stops charging.

Fourteenth Step

The charger 22 transmits a discharge standby status signal [Discharge_Status_C_Standby] to the electric vehicle A.

Step 15

The charge discharge completion signal [Discharge_ Status_V] and the battery remaining amount BATSOC are received from the controller of the electric vehicle 7 at the controller of the charger 22.

16th and 17th steps

[Battery remaining amount (BATSOC) = initial battery remaining amount (BATSOC)], or when receiving the discharge completion signal [Discharge_Status_ C_ Complete] from the electric vehicle A, discharge from the electric vehicle A to the charger 22 Is stopped.

18th step

The charger 22 transmits a discharge standby state signal [Discharge_Status_C_Standby] to the electric vehicle A.

Step 19

In order to determine the electric charge in the charger 22, [power consumption of the electric vehicle] = [target charge amount]-[discharge power amount] and vehicle unique ID is transmitted to the power company.

Such a method of charging and discharging the battery of the present invention has been described taking an electric vehicle A traveling from the first charging station 10 to the second charging station 20 as an example, but the first charging at the second charging station 20 is performed. Since the electric vehicle B traveling to the station 10 also undergoes the same steps, its description will be omitted.

1 to 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, a schematic diagram illustrating the charging and discharging flow when the electric vehicle runs in a mountainous region,

5 to 10 is a flow chart illustrating a battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: first charging station

20: second charging station

12,22: Charger

30,40: Battery for energy storage

50: power transmission system

60,80,82: communication line

A, B: Electric Vehicle

Claims (4)

With charging stations located at the beginning of the lower mountain and at the opposite lower mountain, each having a battery for energy storage, Transmitting a charge request signal through a communication line from a controller of an electric vehicle to a charging station at a starting point; Calculating a target charge amount for the battery of the electric vehicle at the charging station at the starting point, and performing charging; Receiving data on a unique ID of the electric vehicle, a current battery SOC, and a mounted battery capacity at a charging station at the starting point and transmitting the data to a destination charging station via a communication line; When the electric vehicle arrives at the charging station at the destination, transmitting the vehicle unique ID and the current battery charge amount to the charging station at the destination; Calculating surplus power, which is a difference between an initial battery charge amount of the electric vehicle and a current battery charge amount, in a control unit of a charging station at a destination; Discharging the surplus power charged in the battery of the electric vehicle and charging the discharged surplus power to the energy storage battery of the charging station at the destination; Battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle, characterized in that consisting of. The method according to claim 1, The target charge amount charged in the electric vehicle is calculated by [charger's basic charge capacity-residual charge amount (SOC) of onboard battery] + [smooth power required], and [target charge amount + residual charge amount (SOC) of onboard battery]> = [On-board battery capacity] The battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle, wherein full charging is performed. The method according to claim 1, The charging station at the starting point and the charging station at the destination check the amount of charge of each energy storage battery, which is held, through the data communication line. Battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle further comprising the step of fitting. The method of claim 3, To balance the battery charge between each energy reserve battery: Transmitting a required amount of power through a communication line from a charging station having a low charge amount of the energy storage battery to a charging station having a high charge amount of the energy storage battery; Performing a full charge on the electric vehicle at a charging station having a large charge amount of the energy storage battery than the target charge amount; The charging station of the energy storage battery is discharged from the battery of the electric vehicle, but discharges to the initial charging amount (SOC) of the battery of the electric vehicle, and at the same time the charge of the battery of the charging station of the energy storage battery A process of increasing the charge amount; Battery charging and discharging method of an electric vehicle, characterized in that proceeding to.

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