KR100996031B1 - Spindle attachment device of a machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an attachment device mounted to a spindle head of a machine tool to receive rotational power of main spindles, comprising: a subspindle housing detachably mounted to a front surface of the spindle head; A sub-spindle disposed on one axis with the main spindles so as to be rotatably installed in the sub-spindle housing and having a tool port at one end and a connecting means to receive rotational power of the main spindles at the other end; A push rod axially disposed in the subspindle and pushed by a spring force toward the spindle head; A clamping sleeve fastened around the subspins corresponding to a position where the pull studs and the push rods of the tool inserted into the tool port meet to move in an axial direction; A plurality of radially disposed on the sub-spindle is installed to be in contact with each of the inclined surfaces of the inner side of the clamp sleeve under the spring force, and move in the opposite direction according to the position of the clamp sleeve to move the tool and the push rod at the same time And a clamp plunger and an unclamp plunger for clamping / unclamping in opposite operations.

Machine Tools, Boring Machines, Spindles, Thermal Expansion, Clamp Sleeves, Tools, Clamps, Unclamps

Description

Spindle attachment device of machine tool

The following drawings, which are attached in this specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the present invention, serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention. It should not be construed as limited to.

1 is a block diagram of a spindle attachment device according to the present invention.

2 is an operating state diagram in a tool clamp state.

3 is an operating state diagram in a tool unclamp state.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings>

1: sub spindle

2: clamping sleeve

3: clamp ring

5: clamp plunger

6: steel ball

8: unclamp plunger

9: housing                 

10: push rod

16: coupling

17: push bolt

18: adjusting color

20: driving key

The present invention relates to an attachment device mounted to a spindle of a machine tool, and more particularly, to a spindle attachment device of a machine tool which performs a clamp and unclamp function of a tool while preventing heat deformation of the main spindles from being transmitted to the workpiece. .

Boring machines belonging to the large size of the conventional machine tools are mainly used only for structural processing, so they have been rarely operated for a long time at high speed, but in recent years, they have been frequently processed at high speed for processing large molds and mold bases. .

Boring machines have large spindle bearings (usually more than 180 mm in diameter), which generates a lot of heat in the bearing area during high-speed operation at high speeds, and because the length of the boring spindles exceeds 2,000 mm. There was a lot of change of direction position.                         

For example, if the spindle temperature rises by 20 ° C due to heat generated in the spindle bearing part, the position change amount of the tool end face mounted on the spindle tip is about 0.5 mm (≒ 20 ° C × 2 m × linear expansion coefficient 0.012 mm / m). / ° C.).

Therefore, in order to process a workpiece, for example, a mold or a mold base product, the value should be reduced to 0.1 mm or less even if the value is large.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, to provide a spindle attachment device of the machine tool to perform the clamp and unclamp function of the tool while blocking the heat deformation of the spindle transmitted to the workpiece. There is a purpose.

In order to achieve the above object,

In the attachment device mounted on the spindle head of the machine tool to receive the rotational power of the main spindle,

A sub-spindle housing detachably mounted to the front of the spindle head;

A sub-spindle disposed on one axis with the main spindles so as to be rotatably installed in the sub-spindle housing and having a tool port at one end and a connecting means to receive rotational power of the main spindles at the other end;

A push rod axially disposed in the subspindle and pushed by a spring force toward the spindle head;

A clamping sleeve fastened around the subspins corresponding to a position where the pull stud of the tool inserted into the tool port meets the push rod and movably positioned in an axial direction;

A plurality of radially disposed on the sub-spindle is installed to be in contact with each of the inclined surfaces of the inner side of the clamping sleeve under the spring force, and move in the opposite direction according to the position movement of the clamping sleeve to move the tool and the push rod at the same time And a clamp plunger and an unclamp plunger for clamping / unclamping in opposite operations.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an assembled state diagram of the attachment device 100 attached to the spindle head 50 of the boring machine, FIG. 2 is a state diagram of the tool clamp, and FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the tool unclamp.

As shown in FIG. 1, a subspindle housing 9 is mounted on a front surface of the spindle head 50 through a fastening means 101, and an air blow cap 19 is mounted on a front surface of the subspindle housing 9. have.

The spindle housing 9 and the air blow cap 19 communicate with a pneumatic passage 19a which blows out air to prevent cutting oil from entering the bearing 12, and the pneumatic passage 19a communicates with the compressed air. It is connected to a pneumatic source (not shown) for inlet.

The subspindle 1 is provided in the subspindle housing 9 to receive rotational support of the bearing 12. The subspindle 1 has a tool port 1a on which a tool 23 is mounted at one end and a connecting means receiving the rotational power of the main spindles 22 at the spindle head 50 at the other end.

The connecting means is fitted in the coupling 16 fixed to the rear end of the sub-spindle (1) and the locking groove (16a) of the coupling 16 in the present embodiment is fixed to the main spindle 22 driving The key 20 is comprised.

At this time, it is important to have a constant thermal expansion absorption gap H between the end surface of the driving key 20 and the inner end surface of the locking groove 16a of the coupling 16. The thermal expansion absorption gap is such that when the main spindles 22 are thermally expanded in the longitudinal direction, the rotational force of the main spindles 22 is transmitted to the sub spindles 1, but the longitudinal expansion amount is not transmitted to the sub main pins 22. Function

Coaxially in the subspins 1, a push rod 10 for unclamping the tool 23 is provided to be movable in the axial direction. The push rod 10 is provided at the rear end with the spring 11 compressed. Therefore, the push rod 10 is always pushed toward the main spindle 22 by the spring 11 force.

An adjustment collar 18 is positioned at the tip of the push rod 10, and the adjustment collar 18 is fixed to the push rod 10 by a push bolt 17. Therefore, by adjusting the width of the adjustment collar 18, it is possible to appropriately set the amount of push rod 10 to be pushed out.

A clamping sleeve 2 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the subspindle 1 corresponding to the position where the tool port 1a and the push rod 10 meet. The clamping sleeve 2 is screwed to the subspindle 1 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

Thus, the clamping sleeve 2 is positioned in the longitudinal direction at the outer circumferential surface of the subspindle 1 according to the rotating direction.

A plurality of clamp plungers 5 and unclamp plungers 8 are radially provided to clamp / unclamp the tool 23 and the push rod 10 at the same time according to the position of the clamping sleeve 2. It is arranged. In the present embodiment, three plungers 5 and 8 are arranged on the circumference of three at equal intervals of 120 degrees.

One end of the clamp plunger 5 is in contact with one of the inclined surfaces of the inner circumferential surface of the clamping sleeve 2 with a spring 7 force, and the other end thereof is provided in the radial direction of the subspindle 1. Accordingly, when the clamping sleeve 2 is moved toward the tool port 1a, the tool 23 inserted into the tool port 1a of the subspindle 1 is retracted and clamped. At this time, the clamp plunger 5 presses the inclined surface of the pull stud 24 side of the tool 23 to move backward.

One end of the unclamp plunger 8 is in contact with the other inclined surface of the inner circumferential surface of the clamping sleeve 2 with a spring 7 force and the other end is provided in the radial direction of the subspindle 1.

Accordingly, when the clamping sleeve 2 is moved toward the subspindle housing 9, the unclamp plunger 8 moves in the axial center direction and moves the push rod 10 forward to move the tool 23 clamped to the tool port. Unclamp. At this time, the plunger 8 moves the push rod 10 forward by pushing the inclined surface formed on the locking jaw of the push rod 10.

Preferably, the clamp plunger 5 and the unclamp plunger 8 are preferably in contact with the inclined surface through the steel ball (6). This is because the steel ball 6 maintains smooth contact between the clamp plunger 5 and the unclamp plunger 8 while a rotational movement occurs during the rotational operation of the clamping sleeve 2.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, a clamp ring 3 may be added between the clamp plunger 5 and the clamping sleeve 2. The clamp ring 3 is for the automatic centering function and has a constant flow gap G between the outer circumferential surface of the clamp ring 3 and the inner circumferential surface of the clamping sleeve 2. This gap G is circumferentially varied according to the position of the clamp ring 3.

This clearance G is for radially flowing the clamp ring 3 according to the machining error of the plunger 5 and 8 and the machining error of the inner diameter of the clamping ring 3.

Reference numeral '13' is a spacer, '14' is a labyrinth collar for preventing coolant chipping, and '15' is a lock nut for fixing a bearing.

The operation of the spindle attachment device 100 of the boring machine configured as described above will be described by dividing it into a tool clamp and an unclamp.

(1) during tool clamp operation

The clamp plunger 5 must be placed in a position to allow the entry of the pull stud 24 of the tool 23 for the tool clamp operation to take place. For this purpose, the clamping sleeve 2 is rotated back to the tool unclamped state.

The tool unclamped state is a state in which the clamping sleeve 2 moves to the right in FIG. 3 and the unclamp plunger 8 moves radially inward to be coupled to the annular groove 10a of the push rod 10. (5) indicates the state moved radially outward so that the tool 23 side pull stud 24 may enter.

In such a tool unclamping state, the tool 23 is inserted into the tool port 1a and the clamping sleeve 2 is rotated to move forward to the left in FIG. 2 to push the radially placed steel balls 6 in the axial direction. .

In this case, the clamp 23 is clamped by pulling the pull stud 24 of the tool 23 while pushing the clamp plunger 5 in point contact with the steel ball 6 in the axial direction.

At this time, since the clamp ring 3 has a gap G in the cross-sectional direction, it operates by self-centering when a force is applied to one side according to the combination state of the pull stud 24 and the clamp plunger 5. To hold the tool 23 without excessive force on the pull stud 24.

In addition, during clamping, the push rod 10 is pushed backward while compressing the spring 11.

In this state, when the main spindle 22 is driven to rotate to process the workpiece with the tool 23, when the main spindle 22 thermally expands due to the bearing frictional heat generated from the main spindle 22, the gap is absorbed in the thermal expansion absorption gap H. As a result, longitudinal thermal expansion of the main spins 22 does not affect the subspins 1.

In this way, the thermal expansion of the main spindle 22 is absorbed and blocked by the boring spindle attachment device 100 so that the error of the machining position of the tool 23 is minimized so that the workpiece can be precisely processed.                     

(2) When tool unclamping

If the clamping sleeve 2 is rotated in the retracted state while the tool 23 is clamped, the clamp ring 3 is retracted in reverse to the tool clamp operation, and the clamp plunger 5 is radiused by the repulsive force of the spring 7. Pushing outward in the direction, the contact between the clamp plunger 5 and the pull stud 24 is eventually released.

At the same time, the clamping sleeve 2 pushes the unclamp plunger 8 inward in the radial direction. At this time, the push rod 10 whose end portion of the unclamp plunger 8 is inclined in contact with each other is inclined, and the push bolt 17 assembled at the end portion of the push rod 10 has the full stud 24 rearward. Unclamping occurs by pushing.

As such, the present invention does not occur separately in the tool clamp / unclamp operation but simultaneously occurs only by the operation of moving the clamping sleeve 2 forward and backward.

As described above, although the present invention has been described by way of limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical idea of the present invention and the following by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.

As described above, according to the spindle attachment device of the boring machine according to the present invention, the sub-spindle on which the tool is mounted is divided on the coaxial with the boring spindle to receive the rotational force while simultaneously performing the clamp / unclamp function of the tool. The workpiece can be machined precisely by avoiding thermal expansion deformation of the boring spindle.

Claims (4)

In the attachment device mounted on the spindle head 50 of the machine tool to receive the rotational power of the main spindle 22, A subspindle housing (9) detachably mounted to the front of the spindle head (50); Disposed on one axis with the main spindles 22 so as to be rotatably installed in the sub-spindle housing 9, and having a tool port 1a at one end thereof and connected to receive the rotational power of the main spindles 22 at the other end thereof. Subspindles 1 with means; A push rod 10 disposed coaxially in the sub spindles 1 and pushed by a spring 11 force toward the spindle head 50; Clamping is installed around the subspindle 1 corresponding to the position where the pull stud 24 and the push rod 10 of the tool 23 inserted into the tool port 1a meet to move in the axial direction. A sleeve 2; A plurality of radially arranged on the sub-spindle (1) and at the same time are installed to be in contact with the inclined surface of the both sides of the inner side of the clamping sleeve (2) by the force of the spring (7), opposite to each other according to the position movement of the clamping sleeve (2) Spindle attachment of a machine tool, comprising a clamp plunger 5 and an unclamp plunger 8 for moving the tool 23 and the push rod 10 at the same time in opposite directions to clamp / unclamp the same. Device. The method of claim 1, Spindle attachment device of a machine tool, characterized in that a radially flowable clamp ring (3) is added between the clamp plunger (5) and the clamping sleeve (2) for an automatic centering function. The method of claim 1, A detachable adjustment collar 18 is further installed at the tip of the push rod 10 to adjust the amount of push, and a rolling contact is made between the clamp plunger 5 and the unclamp plunger 8 and the inclined surface. Spindle attachment device for a machine tool, characterized in that the steel ball (6) for intervening. The method of claim 1, A rear end of the subspins 1 includes a coupling 16 fixed to the subspins 1 and a driving key 20 fitted to the coupling 16 to be fixed to the main spindles 22. And a thermal expansion absorption gap (H) between the driving key (20) and the coupling (16).

Images