KR100968966B1 - Rice circulating concurrent-flow dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a circulating cocurrent grain dryer, and more particularly, to a circulating cocurrent grain dryer that can circulate grains to more effectively dry grains to a target water content.

Circulating cocurrent grain dryer of the present invention, after tempering a certain amount of grain tempering unit for dropping through the supply chute; A drying unit having a plurality of hot air filling chambers filled with hot air, and a hot air discharge unit for discharging hot air to the outside under the hot air filling chamber; Grain discharge unit for discharging the grain falling through the drying unit to the bottom; A circulation unit for recycling the grain discharged from the grain discharge unit to the tempering unit; And a control unit for controlling the operation of the drying unit, the grain discharge unit, and the circulation unit, wherein the hot air discharge unit includes a plurality of pipe groups and a discharge fan adjacent to the pipe groups, wherein the pipe groups are disposed in the vertical direction. Spaced apart, a plurality of hot air discharge pipes are arranged in each pipe group, and the hot air discharge pipes of the respective pipe groups are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval.

Grain Dryer

Description

Circulating cocurrent grain dryer {RICE CIRCULATING CONCURRENT-FLOW DRYER}

The present invention relates to a circulating cocurrent grain dryer, and more particularly, to a circulating cocurrent grain dryer that can circulate grains to more effectively dry grains to a target water content.

Grain drier is a machine that dries grains with high moisture after harvesting to moisture suitable for storage. It prevents deterioration when storing grains and improves processability and quality when it is milled. To dry. At harvest, the moisture content of the grains is usually 20-30%, which is then dried to a target moisture content of 15-16%. Normally, air or hot air at room temperature is ventilated and dried in sedimentary grains.

Types of grain dryers include hot air dryers for ventilating hot air and room temperature ventilation dryers for ventilating normal temperature air. The hot air dryer has a flat type, a circulation type and a continuous type. The flat type is a dryer that deposits grain at a depth of 40 to 60 cm and blows hot air on a 1 square wire mesh.

The circulation dryer consists of a drying unit and a tempering unit, and is a type in which drying is performed while repeating drying and tempering while the input grain is circulated in the dryer, and is widely used in household and rice processing plants due to its small volume.

The continuous dryer is a type that completes the drying of the grain in one pass and discharges it.In addition to the dryer, it is limited to use it outside the rice grain processing plant because an accessory facility such as a cooling path is required.

Room temperature ventilation drying apparatus is a device for drying by drying the air at room temperature in a state in which grains are deposited in a circular bin, while the quality of the dried grains is excellent, it takes a long drying period and is affected by weather conditions.

In addition, grain dryers are basically classified into fixed bed type, cross flow type, cocurrent type, countercurrent type, mixed flow type, etc. according to the flow of grain and the relative flow direction of blowing air and grain. The characteristics such as temperature and humidity change of air appear differently.

In the fixed bed type grain dryer, the blower air passes through the stationary grain layer. In the cross flow type, the grains and the blower air flow in the direction perpendicular to each other, the co-current type flows in the same direction in parallel, and the countercurrent type flows in the opposite direction. The mixed flow type is a type in which the flow of grain and blowing air is mixed with cross flow, cocurrent flow and countercurrent.

The most common type of cross-flow type circulation dryer is the cross-flow of rice and hot air, and the drying speed is 0.69% / wb / hr at 10 tons, and dry up to 16% of 26% moisture grains. The energy required is 4,631 kJ / kg. Annual processing capacity can handle about 375 tons per unit.

An object of the present invention is to provide a circulating co-current type grain dryer that can dry grains more effectively until the target moisture content is reached, increase the drying efficiency of grains, and save energy. .

Circulating cocurrent grain dryer of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A tempering part for dropping the grains through a supply chute after tempering a predetermined amount of grains;

A drying unit having a plurality of hot air filling chambers filled with hot air, and a hot air discharge unit for discharging hot air to the outside under the hot air filling chamber;

Grain discharge unit for discharging the grain falling through the drying unit to the bottom;

A circulation unit for recycling the grain discharged from the grain discharge unit to the tempering unit; And

It includes a control unit for controlling the operation of the drying unit, grain discharge unit, the circulation unit,

The hot air discharge unit has a plurality of pipe groups and a discharge fan adjacent to these pipe groups, the plurality of pipe groups are spaced in the vertical direction, a plurality of hot air discharge pipes are arranged neatly in each pipe group, Hot air exhaust pipe of the piping group is characterized in that spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval.

At this time, it is preferable that one pipe group is arranged to be orthogonal to another pipe group. And piping group is formed in two or more stages.

As described above, the present invention is made up of a multi-stage structure in which a plurality of pipe groups are spaced apart in the vertical direction to slow down the flow rate during the discharge of hot air, thereby preventing a part of the grain from being leaked to the outside by being swept away by the hot air discharged. Can be.

The feed chute is supported by vertical and horizontal supports.

In addition, the hot air discharge unit has a lower opening at the bottom, has a space in which the hot air flows, at least one end is formed with a discharge opening, a communication space is formed adjacent to the discharge opening in communication with the discharge fan It is desirable to be.

The discharge opening is provided with a partial closure membrane at the bottom, which partially closes the lower portion of the discharge opening.

In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors may be disposed in the tempering part, the drying part, and the grain discharge part.

In addition, the grain discharge unit includes a discharge control unit for discharging while controlling the discharge of the dried grain in the drying unit, a screw conveyor for transferring the grain discharged by the discharge control unit to the circulation.

And the discharge control unit has a plurality of rotary rotary speed is controlled, the rotary has a plurality of feeding wings on the outer peripheral surface. Thereby it may be discharged while the amount of grain discharged as the rotary speed is adjusted.

In addition, a plurality of discharge guides are disposed above the rotary, and the discharge guide has an inclined surface.

As described above, the circulating cocurrent grain dryer of the present invention may use hot air of about 80 to 120 ° C. in consideration of the performance of a heat source and a blower, and uses high temperature hot air, but suppresses an increase in grain temperature due to cocurrent flow. It is possible to limit the grain temperature to 35 ℃ when discharged from the drying unit. Therefore, the generation of copper can be maintained at a level similar to that of the conventional cross-flow circulation dryer.

In particular, the present invention can increase the drying rate to 1.0 ~ 1.2%, w.b. / hr is expected to increase 45 ~ 74% compared to the conventional cross-flow circulation type dryer. In addition, it takes about 8.3 ~ 10.0 hours to dry up to 16% of rice with 26% water content (31 ~ 43% reduction), and annual processing capacity is about 522 ~ 610 ton per unit, 39 ~ compared to the cross flow type dryer. A 63% increase in drying capacity can be expected.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 is a view showing a circulation type cocurrent grain dryer according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, a tempering part 20, a drying part 30, and a grain discharging part 40 are sequentially disposed in the dryer body 10, and tempering at the grain discharging part 40. The circulation part 50 and the control part 60 which circulate a grain to the part 20 are provided.

Tempering unit 20 includes a receiving tank 21 and a plurality of supply chute 22 disposed below the receiving tank 21 for tempering the water balance of the grain temporarily accommodated for circulation drying.

The storage tank 21 has a sufficient storage capacity for accommodating a certain amount of grain, and a plurality of supply chutes 22 are disposed below the storage tank 21.

The supply chute 22 has a slope 22a and a supply pipe 22b connected to the lower end of the slope 22a. As a result, a large amount of grain falls uniformly by its own weight.

As shown in FIG. 3, the supply chute 22 may be provided with horizontal and vertical reinforcement supports 25 and 26. The receiving tank 21 and the supply chute 22 are supported by the vertical and horizontal supports 25 and 26 to realize a more robust and stable structure.

The drying unit 30 includes a plurality of hot air filling chambers 31 disposed between the supply chute 22 and the supply chute 22 and a hot air discharge unit 35 disposed below the hot air filling chambers 31. do.

The plurality of hot air filling chambers 31 are in communication with each other, and each hot air filling chamber 31 is filled with hot air heated to a constant temperature by the burner 32. As a result, the hot air in the hot air filling chamber 31 dries the grain while flowing downward in parallel with the falling direction of the grain.

The hot air discharge unit 35 is configured to dry the grains in the hot air filling chamber 31 to discharge hot air that has become a low temperature and high humidity to the outside.

The hot air discharge unit 35 includes a plurality of pipe groups 36 and 37, a discharge fan 39 installed adjacent to these pipe groups 36 and 37, and these pipe groups 36 and 37 and a discharge fan 39. ) Is installed discharge housing (38).

1 to 5 illustrate a case in which two pipe groups 36 and 37 are provided for convenience of description. In the following, the two pipe groups 36 and 37 will be referred to as the first pipe group 36 and the second pipe group 37. However, the present invention is not limited to the case where there are only two pipe groups. That is, the number of piping groups 36 and 37 can also be changed to three or more.

The first pipe group 36 is composed of a plurality of first hot air discharge pipes 36a arranged in parallel, and the plurality of first hot air discharge pipes 36a are spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals 36k (Fig. 2). Reference).

The first hot air discharge pipe 36a has a lower opening 36b formed at a lower end thereof. Moreover, it has the space 36c in which hot air flows in. One end of the first hot air discharge pipe 36a, that is, the end adjacent to the discharge fan 39, has a discharge opening 36d. The partial closing membrane 36e is provided in the discharge opening 36d, and the partial closing membrane 36e partially closes the lower portion of the discharge opening 35d.

The second pipe group 37 has a plurality of second hot air discharge pipes 37a arranged in parallel, and the plurality of second hot air discharge pipes 37a are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval 37k. The second hot air discharge pipe 37a has a lower opening 37b at a lower end thereof, and has a space 37c into which hot air flows, as shown in FIG. 1. The second hot air discharge pipe 37a has a discharge opening 37d at both ends, respectively.

As shown in Fig. 5, the pair of exhaust openings 37d are respectively provided with a partial closure membrane 37e, and the partial closure membrane 37e partially closes the lower portion of the discharge opening 37d. The first communication space 36f is formed adjacent to the discharge opening 36d of the first hot air discharge pipe 36a (Figs. 2 and 5), and each discharge opening 37d of the second hot air discharge pipe 37a is formed. Adjacent to the second communication space 37f is formed. The first and second communication spaces 36f and 37f are defined by the inner housing 38a and the outer housing 38b of the discharge housing 38 shown in FIG. 6, and the first and second communication spaces 36f and 37f. ) Are communicated with each other.

The first hot air discharge pipe 36a of the first pipe group 36 and the second hot air discharge pipe 37a of the second pipe group 37 are arranged perpendicular to each other. In addition, the first and second pipe group (36, 37) is spaced in the vertical direction to form a multi-stage structure.

As shown in FIG. 6, the discharge housing 38 includes an inner housing 38a and an outer housing 38b. In FIG. 1, the inner housing 38a communicates with the air filling chamber 31 and the grain discharge unit 40 by opening the upper and lower portions thereof. Grain dried through the open upper and lower portions of the inner housing 38 falls into the grain discharge unit 40.

Referring to FIG. 6, end portions of the respective hot air discharge pipes 36a and 37a are sealed on the sidewalls of the inner housing 38a by welding or fasteners. In addition, a plurality of through holes 38c are formed on the side wall of the inner housing 38a, and the discharge openings 36d and 37d of the first and second hot air discharge pipes 36a and 37a communicate with each through hole 38c. The hot air discharge pipes 36a and 37a communicate with the first and second communication spaces 36f and 37f by being installed.

In the hot air filling chamber 31, the hot air flows in the same direction as the grains to dry the grains, and thus the hot air is in a low temperature and high humidity state. The low temperature, high humidity hot air passes through the lower openings 36b, 37b of the hot air discharge pipes 36a, 37a by the suction action of the discharge fan 39, and then the space 36c of each hot air discharge pipe 36a, 37a. , 37c). Subsequently, the hot air is collected in the first and second communication spaces 35f and 36f through the discharge openings 36d and 37d of the hot air discharge pipes 36a and 37a and then discharged to the outside.

In the grain dryer according to the present embodiment of the above configuration, the hot air of the low temperature and high humidity after the drying process is discharged (36d) of the first hot air discharge pipe (36a) and the discharge opening (37d) of the second hot air discharge pipe (37). That is, the discharge efficiency can be further improved by discharging in various directions, and the vertical flow of hot air (that is, flow in the same direction as the moving direction of grain) can be induced more smoothly.

And most of the grain falls into the grain discharge portion 40 while passing through the space between the plurality of hot air discharge pipe (36a, 37a), but some other grains to the hot air flowing into the hot air discharge pipe (36, 37) It may be swept into the hot air discharge pipe (36, 37). However, some of the grains introduced into the hot air discharge pipes 36 and 37 collide with the partially closed membranes 36e and 37e by their own weight and fall downward, thereby preventing external leakage of the grains.

In addition, the present invention consists of a hot air discharge pipe (35, 36) is a multi-stage structure spaced up and down. Therefore, the flow rate of the hot air can be slowed down, thereby minimizing the leakage of some of the grains to the outside through the hot air discharge pipes (35, 36) swept by the hot air.

Meanwhile, the grain discharging unit 40 discharges the grains discharged by the discharge control unit 41 and the discharge control unit 41 while controlling the discharge of the dried grains in the drying unit 30 to the circulation unit 50. And a screw conveyor 42 for conveying.

The discharge control unit 41 has a plurality of rotary 41b whose rotation speed is controlled by the belt transmission mechanism 41a or the like, and the rotary 41b has a plurality of feed wings 41c formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof. Thereby, as the rotational speed of the rotary 41b is adjusted, the amount of grain may be adjusted while being discharged.

In addition, a plurality of discharge guides 43 are disposed above the rotary 41b, and the discharge guide 43 has an inclined surface 43a. The discharge guide 43 guides the discharge of a certain amount of grain.

The screw conveyor 42 transfers the grains discharged while the discharge is controlled by the discharge control unit 41 to the circulation unit 50 disposed on the side of the dryer body 10.

On the other hand, the grain discharge unit 40 of the present invention is not limited to the above-described configuration, and the discharge structure of various other structures will be applicable.

The circulation part 50 is provided with a bucket elevator inside, and it can recycle a grain from the grain discharge part 40 to the tempering part 20 by this bucket elevator. A blower may be installed at an upper portion of the circulation unit 50, and various grains such as gum, dust, etc. may be removed by the blower, and grains may be cooled.

In the tempering part 20, the drying part 30, and the grain discharging part 40, a temperature and humidity sensor 61 is installed, and the controller 60 is in accordance with the temperature and humidity of the grain detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 61. It is possible to control the supply of grain, circulation, the blowing amount of hot air, and the amount of hot air discharge. It also controls to turn on / off all other dryer operations.

The operating relationship of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail as follows.

Grain received for a predetermined time in the receiving tank 21 of the tempering part 20 falls down through the supply chute 22 of the tempering part 20, at this time the hot air filled chamber disposed between the supply chute 22 Hot air in (31) flows in the same direction as the grains to dry the grains.

As the grains are dried in this way, hot air whose temperature decreases is discharged to the outside through the plurality of hot air discharge pipes 35 and 36 by the suction action of the discharge fan 39, and the dried grains are continuously discharged from the grain discharge part. Fall to 40.

Grain is discharged while the discharge is controlled by the discharge control unit 41, and the grain is transferred to the circulation unit 50 through the screw conveyor 42. The circulation unit 50 recycles the grain to the tempering unit 20.

At this time, various foreign matters such as gum, dust and the like may be removed by a blower installed at the upper portion of the circulation unit 50, and the grains may be cooled.

Since the recycled grain is not exposed to hot air while passing through the receiving tank 21 of the tempering part 20, the recycled grain undergoes a tempering process in which moisture and temperature unevenness in the grain are alleviated. After the tempering again, the drying unit 30 is dried again while passing through the drying unit 30.

1 is a front sectional view showing a circulation type cocurrent grain dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a circulation type co-current grain dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view showing a supply chute of the present invention.

4 is a view showing the inner housing of the hot air discharge unit according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is a partial cutaway perspective view partially cut into the hot air discharge unit according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is a bottom view as viewed from the bottom of the hot air discharge unit of the present invention.

Brief description of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

10: dryer main body 20: tempering part

30: drying unit 40: grain discharge unit

50: circulation unit 60: control unit

Claims (10)

A tempering part for dropping the grains through a supply chute after tempering a predetermined amount of grains; It is composed of a plurality of hot air filling chamber disposed under the tempering portion and filled with hot air and a hot air discharge unit disposed under the hot air filling chamber to discharge hot air to the outside, and drying the grain falling through the supply chute. Drying section; Grain discharge unit for discharging the grain falling through the drying unit to the bottom; A circulation unit for recycling the grain discharged from the grain discharge unit to the tempering unit; And It includes a control unit for controlling the operation of the drying unit, grain discharge unit, the circulation unit, The hot air discharge unit has a plurality of pipe groups and a discharge fan adjacent to these pipe groups, the plurality of pipe groups are spaced in the vertical direction, a plurality of hot air discharge pipes are arranged neatly in each pipe group, Hot air exhaust pipe of the piping group is a circulation type co-current grain dryer, characterized in that spaced apart from each other. The method of claim 1, Circulating cocurrent grain dryer, characterized in that one pipe group is arranged to be orthogonal to the other pipe group. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The feed chute is a circulating co-current grain dryer, characterized in that supported by vertical and horizontal supports. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The hot air discharge unit has a lower opening at the bottom, has a space in which hot air is introduced, has a discharge opening at at least one end, the communication space is formed in communication with the discharge fan adjacent to the discharge opening Circulating cocurrent grain dryer. The method of claim 4, wherein A partially closed membrane is provided below the discharge opening, and the partially closed membrane partially closes the lower portion of the discharge opening. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Circulating cocurrent grain type dryer, characterized in that a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors are disposed in the tempering part, the drying part, and the grain discharge part. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The grain discharging unit circulating cocurrent type characterized in that it comprises a discharge control unit for discharging while controlling the discharge of the grain dried in the drying unit, a screw conveyor for transferring the grain discharged by the discharge control unit to the circulation unit Grain dryer. The method of claim 7, wherein The discharge control unit has a plurality of rotary rotary speed is controlled, the rotary co-current grain dryer, characterized in that the rotary has a plurality of feeding wings on the outer peripheral surface. The method of claim 7, wherein A plurality of discharge guides are disposed at the upper portion of the rotary, and the discharge guide has a circulating co-current grain dryer, characterized in that it has an inclined surface. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Circulating cocurrent type grain dryer, characterized in that the pipe group is formed in three or more stages.

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