JPH07218132A - Drying apparatus of flower bulb - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide drying apparatus of a flower bulb which prevents bulbs from being dried too much when they are dried and enables virtually uniform adjustment of moisture in the bulbs. CONSTITUTION:Endless conveyors in many stages lowering aslant in zigzag sequentially from just under a buffering tank 2 are provided in a drying chamber 1 of a drying apparatus, and a drying conveyor having a large number of air holes provided in a belt so that air can pass therethrough is disposed at each specific stage interval from the endless conveyor in the uppermost stage, while a regulating conveyor prepared by covering the upper side of the endless conveyor with a heat insulating panel in the shape of a tunnel and by shielding the entrance and exit thereof with a heat insulating material provided in the shape of a screen is disposed between the drying conveyors. Warm air is sent out into the drying chamber 1 from an air conditioner 4 provided outdoors, and flower bulbs lowering on the endless conveyors sequentially from the buffering tank 2 are dried with the warm air on the drying conveyors sequentially, while they are adjusted in regard to moisture on the adjusting conveyors with the warm air shielded therefrom. By repeating these processes, the adjustment is performed uniformly in a specific degree of dryness.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the structure of a flower bulb drying device in a flower bulb drying and sorting facility for receiving, and cleaning, drying, removing roots, sterilizing and selecting flower bulbs that have been carried in. It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a flower bulb dry sorting facility, flower bulbs (hereinafter simply referred to as “bulb”) that have been brought in from a farmer at the time of harvest are received, washed, dried, and dried.
The work of removing roots, sterilization, and selection is concentrated to reduce the labor of the farmers, and the bulbs with stable quality are jointly shipped. The bulbs brought in from the farms will remain moist and soiled, and the worksite will ventilate and wash them to remove the water and soil, and the air conditioner will dry the water contained until it is suitable for storage. The size and shape are adjusted, a sterilizing solution and wax are applied, the product is classified according to size, stored in a low temperature warehouse, and dried and adjusted in the low temperature warehouse before being stored for shipment. In the flower bulb drying device, there are variations in the moisture content of the carried-in bulbs and variations in the drying of the bulbs due to the temperature and humidity of the ventilation flowing in the drying chamber.
It is set to dry 90% to about 50%, but the root part of the bulb is particularly easy to dry compared to other parts, and it may be partially dried too much, causing root breakage, There are some cases that adversely affect the germination of bulbs. In addition, the bulbs that were brought in directly from the farms had moisture and soil attached,
When washing with a washing machine, there is a problem that the washing water is immediately contaminated and the dirt is not completely removed and is sent to the next step, or the washing water is sent to the drying chamber with incomplete drainage.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and prevents excessive drying when the bulbs are dried and regulates the water distribution in the bulbs to be substantially uniform. It is an object of the present invention to provide a flower bulb drying device that can be used.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a plurality of endless conveyors are installed vertically in a drying chamber in which air conditioners are arranged side by side, and each conveyor is inclined alternately in a zigzag shape, and the end of the upper conveyor is terminated. Connect to the beginning of the lower conveyor,
The top end of the conveyor is connected to the bulb supply port at the top of the drying chamber, and the end of the bottom conveyor is connected to the bulb outlet at the bottom of the drying chamber. The belt was used as a drying conveyor and the other part was used as an adjusting conveyor in which a heat insulating panel was covered in a tunnel shape, and both of them were arranged alternately.

[0005]

According to the above construction, the bulbs sequentially introduced from the bulb supply port are dried by the warm air from the air conditioner while descending in the drying chamber by the conveyor. Part of the multi-stage conveyor consists of a ventilation conveyor that has a number of ventilation holes on the belt, and the other part is composed of a tempering conveyor that is covered with a heat insulation panel in a tunnel shape. By alternately arranging them in each stage, the bulbs are first dried on the drying conveyor by the hot air of the air conditioner, transferred to the tempering conveyor, and the hot air of the air conditioner is shut off inside the tunnel to maintain a constant temperature. The water content in the bulb is regulated so that the water content in the bulb is uniform. In this way, the bulbs are uniformly dried while sequentially passing through a plurality of stages of conveyors, and have a predetermined dryness (dryness of about 50%).
%) And sent to the next process from the bulb outlet. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent breakage of a bulb root due to overdrying, and to prevent the surface of the bulb from overdrying and adversely affecting germination.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a flower bulb drying apparatus of the present invention.
A buffering tank 2 is provided as a bulb supply port,
The washed and drained bulbs are sequentially dropped and supplied to the first conveyor 3 at the uppermost stage. An air conditioner 4 such as a burner is provided in the lower portion of the drying chamber 1, and hot air is blown into the drying chamber by a blower duct 5. An exhaust duct 6 equipped with a blower (not shown) is provided in the upper part of the drying chamber 1 on the side opposite to the air conditioner 4 so that the indoor air containing the dehumidified moisture in the drying chamber is discharged and the lower part is provided. Is provided with a bulb outlet 7 for taking out the dried bulbs, and the dried bulbs are carried out by a discharge conveyor 8. A cylindrical chute 9 is provided in the center of the buffering tank 2, and guides project downward in steps from the left and right to drop the bulbs one by one, and the lower end of the buffering tank 2 is a drying chamber. A supply port 10 having a shutter at the tip is provided. In addition, a plurality of exhaust holes 11 are provided on the side wall of the supply port 10 of the buffering tank 2, and a blower (not shown) that discharges indoor air is provided in the buffering tank 2, and the indoor air that contains dehumidified moisture together with the exhaust duct 6 is provided. Is also exhausted through the buffering tank 2, and at the same time, it also serves as a drain for the washed bulbs accumulated in the buffering tank 2 to surely drain the bulbs. Supply port 1 for buffering tank 2
Immediately below 0, the start end of the first conveyor 3 in the uppermost stage is arranged diagonally so that the end thereof descends at a predetermined inclination angle, and the end is connected to the start end of the second conveyor 12 in the second stage,
The second conveyor 12 descends in the opposite direction at a predetermined inclination angle and is connected to the beginning of the third conveyor 13 at the end. Similarly, the fourth conveyer 14 and the fifth conveyer 15 are arranged in a zigzag manner, and the tip of the fifth conveyer 15 is connected to the bulb outlet 7 and transferred to the discharge conveyer 8 to move to the next step. . Further, in the present embodiment, the even-numbered conveyors, that is, the second conveyor 12 and the fourth conveyor 14, are covered with a heat insulating material panel 16a in a tunnel shape on the upper surface and the lower surface of the belt on which the bulbs are placed, and are then closed at the entrance and exit. A curtain 16b made of a heat-insulating sheet material is provided, and a tempering portion 16 that blocks the hot air of the air conditioner 4 and keeps the inside at a constant temperature is formed so that the moisture in the placed bulb is uniform. I have to. In addition, below each conveyor is an air conditioner 4
A drain gutter 17 for receiving dehumidified water droplets adhering to a conveyer or the like is provided so as not to prevent the warm air from flowing, and the waste water is concentrated and discharged to the outside of the drying chamber. The bulbs sequentially dropped from the buffering tank 2 and transferred to the first conveyor 3 move on the first conveyor 3 and are dried by the warm air of the air conditioner 4 on the way, and transferred to the second conveyor 12 at the other end. , Enters the tempering section 16 of the second conveyor 12, is kept at a constant temperature in the tempering section, and during this time, the moisture in the bulb moves and is tempered so that it becomes uniform, and the tempering section 1
6 is moved to the third conveyor 13, dried again by the warm air of the air conditioner 4, transferred to the fourth conveyor 14, and similarly tempered by the tempering section 16 of the fourth conveyor 14,
It is transferred to the conveyor 15 and dried to reach the bulb outlet 7.
It is taken out of the drying chamber 1 by the discharge conveyor 8. The bulbs thrown in from the buffering tank 2 after washing are
Approximately 80% water content, but about 50 when discharged
I try to dry it to%.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Instead of providing the tempering parts on the second conveyor 12 and the fourth conveyor 14 in FIG. A heat insulating wall 18 is erected and partitioned substantially at the center at right angles to the traveling direction of the conveyor, an opening for inserting each conveyor is provided at the position of each conveyor, and a comb-shaped curtain made of a heat insulating sheet is provided at the opening, The warm air from the air conditioner 4 is blown to one side of the dried chamber 1 to dry the bulbs,
On the other hand, the tempering part 16 is formed so as to block the warm air and maintain a substantially constant temperature and humidity. When the bulbs flowing on the conveyors in each stage are in the drying area, the tempering part 16 is dried by the warm air, In the case of, the temperature is adjusted at a constant temperature, and the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a third embodiment of the drying apparatus of the present invention. The first bulb detecting sensor 19 including a photo sensor and the bulb removing are provided near the inlet of the buffering tank 2 in the drying chamber. The second bulb detection sensor 2 near the outlet 7
0 is provided, and the first temperature / humidity sensor 21 is provided near the air intake of the air conditioner 4 and the second temperature / humidity sensor 2 is provided in the exhaust duct.
2 is provided, and the first bulb detection sensor 19 and the bulb outlet 7 are sequentially provided.
The number of bulbs in the drying chamber is calculated by the second bulb detection sensor 20 of No. 2, and the water content of the introduced bulbs is about 80% in the previous step. The dehumidification amount is obtained, and the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the second
The operation of the air conditioner 4 is controlled by the temperature / humidity sensor 22 so as to match the required total dehumidification amount. Further, an inverter circuit 23 for controlling the conveyor speed is provided in each driving section of the conveyors in the drying device, and the detected values of temperature and humidity detected by the first temperature / humidity sensor 21 and the second temperature / humidity sensor 22 are controlled. It is taken into a device (not shown), and the speed of the first conveyor 3 in the upper stage is set to be slow in accordance with the detected temperature and humidity, and set gradually higher as it goes down, and drying away from the air conditioner 4 is performed. By slowing the conveyor speed even in the upper part having a low capacity, the bulbs can be dried relatively uniformly in the drying chamber, and economical operation of the drying device can be achieved. As an example of speed setting, the speed of the first conveyor 3 is set to 85 mm / min, and the speeds of the second, third, fourth, and fifth conveyors are sequentially set to 1
By setting 00, 125, 145, and 165 mm / min, relatively uniform drying can be achieved.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Among the multistage conveyors arranged so as to descend zigzag in the drying chamber, the first conveyor 3, the third conveyor 12 and the third conveyor 12 are shown. 5 Conveyor 15 is a mesh-shaped conveyor that can freely ventilate, and is a belt conveyor that blocks ventilation of the second conveyor 12 and the fourth conveyor 14, and an insulating wall made of a heat insulating material between the conveyors at each stage except for the transfer section. The air-conditioner 4 is provided on the opposite side of the buffering tank 2 by 24, and the air ducts 5 are provided corresponding to the areas surrounding the first conveyor 3, the third conveyor 13 and the fifth conveyor 15, respectively. Similarly, the exhaust ducts 6 are also installed on the side, and the hot air of the air conditioner 4 is blown in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the conveyor, and the first conveyor 3, the third conveyor 13, and the fifth conveyor Bulbs to move 15 while dried by hot air to keep the area surrounding the second conveyor 12 to fourth conveyor 14 to a uniform temperature, the second conveyor 1
By adjusting the quality of the bulbs moving on the second and fourth conveyors 14, the same drying effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, a sampling extraction device 25 for sampling a bulb is provided at both ends of the entrance and the exit of the first conveyor 3, the third conveyor 13, and the fifth conveyor 15,
A control device (not shown) periodically samples the bulb at the inlet and outlet and measures the moisture with an infrared moisture meter, etc., and obtains the drying reduction rate from the difference in the amount of moisture between the inlet and the outlet and the effective distance interval of the conveyor. The operation of the air conditioner 4 is controlled so that the drying reduction rate falls within a predetermined range.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the washing machine.
The carried-in bulbs are pre-dried in the container in the container while being pre-dried during the inspection, and are carried to the washing machine 26 as a container, and are supplied from the container by the auto damper to the hopper 2
7, the soil adhered by the jet flow generated by the rotation of the drum 28 is washed and removed in the water tank. The washing machine 26 is provided with a supply hopper 27 for supplying bulbs, a semi-cylindrical water tank 31 that is filled with cleaning water and has a water supply pipe 29 and a drain pipe 30, and is horizontally supported on the water tank 31 via a drive belt 32. The tram 28 rotated by the speed change motor 33, the discharge tank 34, the soil unloading conveyor 35, and the product unloading conveyor 36. The bulb transferred to the supply hopper 27 by the auto damper is sent to the drum 28, and is left on the drum 28 for a predetermined time. By rotating the soil, the attached soil and the like are washed, and the soil deposited on the bottom of the water tank 31 is removed from the soil outlet 37 provided on the bottom of the water tank.
Further, a dirty water sensor 38 such as a photo sensor is provided in the underwater portion of the water tank 31 to detect the dirty water condition, and a signal from the dirty water sensor 38 is operated by the dirt detector 39 to operate the water supply valve 40 to cause the water tank. The amount of water supply to 31 is adjusted. The washed bulbs are transferred to the discharge tank 34 to further separate the soil, carried out by the product carry-out conveyor 36, further cleaned by the spring cleaver 41, transferred to the drainer conveyor 42 and sent to the next step. FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the drainer conveyor, in which the drainer conveyor 42 has a plurality of buckets 4 on the conveyor belt.
3, the washed bulb is received by the bucket 43 and conveyed, and a drainage hole (not shown) is provided in the bucket 43 to drain water attached to the bulb, and the blower 44 is placed on the draining conveyor 42. The attached hood 45 is provided, and the blower 44 forcibly blows air to remove and drop the water droplets attached to the bulbs, and the water droplets that fall are drained by the conveyor 4
The dew receiving tray 46 provided under 2 is discharged and drained. An electric heater is placed in front of the blower 44 of the hood 45, and warm air can be blown by the blower 44 to reliably drain water. The bulbs conveyed by the draining conveyor 42 are sent to the buffering tank 2 provided at the upper part of the drying device, temporarily stored therein, and supplied to the drying device.

As described above, according to the present invention, the drying zone and the tempering zone are provided in the drying chamber, and the bulbs are excessively dried by transferring the bulbs by a multistage conveyor that descends zigzag in the drying chamber. It is possible to dry the inside of the bulb evenly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a flower bulb drying device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment of the flower bulb drying device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a third embodiment of the flower bulb drying device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the flower bulb drying device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a washing machine of the flower bulb drying device.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a draining conveyor of a flower bulb drying device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Drying Room 2 Buffering Tank 3 First Conveyor 4 Air Conditioner 5 Blower Duct 6 Exhaust Duct 7 Bulb Removal Port 8 Discharge Conveyor 9 Chute 10 Supply Port 11 Exhaust Hole 12 Second Conveyor 13 Third Conveyor 14 Fourth Conveyor 15 Fifth Conveyor 16 Tempering section 16a Insulation panel 16b Curtain 17 Drain gutter 18 Insulation wall 19 First bulb detection sensor 20 Second bulb detection sensor 21 First temperature and humidity sensor 22 Second temperature and humidity sensor 23 Inverter circuit 24 Heat insulation wall 25 Sampling and extracting device 26 Washer 27 Supply Hopper 28 Drum 29 Water Supply Pipe 30 Drainage Pipe 31 Water Tank 32 Drive Belt 33 Variable Speed Motor 34 Discharge Tank 35 Soil Discharge Conveyor 36 Product Discharge Conveyor 37 Soil Discharge Port 38 Sewage Sensor 39 Fouling Detection Device 40 Water Supply Valve 41 Sp Ring clutter 42 Draining conveyor 43 Bucket 44 Blower 45 Hood 46 Dew tray

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of endless conveyors are installed vertically in a drying chamber in which air conditioners are installed in parallel, each conveyor is alternately inclined in a zigzag manner, and the end of the upper conveyor is connected to the start of the lower conveyor. The top end of the conveyor is connected to the bulb supply port at the top of the drying chamber, and the end of the bottom conveyor is connected to the bulb outlet at the bottom of the drying chamber. The flower-bulb drying apparatus is characterized in that the drying conveyor is formed by the belt, and the other part is a tempering conveyor that is covered with a heat insulation panel in a tunnel shape, and both are alternately arranged.