CN104729276B - Grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system - Google Patents

Grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104729276B
CN104729276B CN201510163269.6A CN201510163269A CN104729276B CN 104729276 B CN104729276 B CN 104729276B CN 201510163269 A CN201510163269 A CN 201510163269A CN 104729276 B CN104729276 B CN 104729276B
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grain
temperature
control
plc
signal input
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CN104729276A (en
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张立志
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Qitaihe double benefit energy saving Co., Ltd.
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张立志
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying

Abstract

Grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system, relate to grain drying tower intelligent power saving control field, be in order to solve fuel and waste of energy that existing grain drying tower exists, heat exchanger cannot ensure service life, each drying section cannot realize the problems such as ladder temperature air-supply.It uses coal bunker control unit in air stove, hearth of hot-blast stove temperature detection control unit, combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit, heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit, each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit, grain storage section grain position control unit, each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection and control unit, each drying section steam drain exhaust steam temperature, humidity and the Detection & Controling unit of steam discharge wind speed, cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit, drying tower row's grain part grain measurement of moisture content realizes with control unit, and carry out Based Intelligent Control based on PLC.The present invention is applicable to grain drying tower intelligent power saving and controls.

Description

Grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system
Technical field
The present invention relates to grain drying tower intelligent power saving control field.
Background technology
At present, grain drying tower there is problems in that
1, drying tower provides the air stove of thermal source it cannot be guaranteed that run under economical combustion state, causes fuel and electric energy wave The problem taken.
2, the temperature of heat exchanger can not get reasonably controlling, and produces potential safety hazard and heat exchanger cannot ensure service life Problem.
3, each drying section cannot realize ladder temperature air-supply problem.
4, grain storage section grain position can not get reasonably controlling, and uses stylus video to observe or limit switch controls, often go out Existing grain emits wind less, the problem that grain emits grain more.
5, the temperature of each drying section grain, humidity can not get instant reasonably control and display, artificial at solid food machine outlet The solid food result detected is the most delayed, and there is dries quantity cannot ensure, dries grain by rule of thumb, wastes substantial amounts of Heat energy and the problem of electric energy.
6, cold wind section grain temperature is without display and control, and the grain temperature practical situation being not bound with cold wind section reasonably controls, The problem creating electric energy and grain loss.
7, the solid food moisture content after drying can not get showing timely and controls, and solid food moisture content fluctuation range is big, every year Cause the problem that the biggest storage grain loses.
8, drying record to be write by people, anthropic factor is big, it is impossible to the problem ensureing its accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve the problems referred to above that existing grain drying tower exists, thus provides a kind of grain drying tower Intelligent energy-saving control system.
Grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system, it includes coal bunker control unit in air stove, hearth of hot-blast stove temperature Detection control unit, combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit, heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit, Each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit, grain storage section grain position control unit, each drying section cereal temperature and Water content detection and control unit, the Detection & Controling unit of each drying section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster and steam discharge wind speed, Cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit, drying tower row grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control unit, PLC1, Computer 2, display 3, attention device and logging 8；
Described PLC1 and computer 2 duplex communication；The display signal output part of computer 2 and the display letter of display 3 Number input connects；Described attention device is connected with the alarm signal input of computer 2；
In air stove, coal bunker control unit includes that 11, delay circuit 12 of laser tube, up stop hall sensing switch 14, descending stop hall sensing switch 15, enumerator 16 and weight sensor 17；
Described laser tube 11 is arranged on the side of coal bunker hoisting frame, and the laser level that laser tube 11 sends is propagated；On Whereabouts point hall sensing switch 14 is arranged on the upper end of coal bunker hoisting frame；Descending stop hall sensing switch 15 is arranged on The lower end of coal bunker hoisting frame；Up stop hall sensing switch 14 and descending stop hall sensing switch 15 are used to sense Answer coal bunker position；The induced signal outfan of described up stop hall sensing switch 14 is with the up stop of PLC1 suddenly You connect by induced signal input；The induced signal outfan of descending stop hall sensing switch 15 is descending with PLC1's Stop hall sensing signal input part connects；The count signal outfan of described PLC1 and the count signal of enumerator 11 Input connects；Weight sensor 17 is arranged in coal bunker, and described weight sensor 17 is for measuring the weight of coal bunker； The weight signal outfan of described weight sensor 17 is connected with the weight signal input of PLC1；The coal bunker of PLC1 Signal is driven to drive coal bunker 13 to lift by a delay circuit 12；
The three-phase power input end of coal bunker 13 accesses civil power by the control switch of an A.C. contactor；A number exchange connects The control signal input of tentaculum control coil is connected with an A.C. contactor control signal outfan of PLC1；
Hearth of hot-blast stove temperature detection control unit includes 22, No. two frequency conversions of 21, converter of fire box temperature sensor Device 23 and No. three converters 24；
Fire box temperature sensor 21 is arranged in the fire box of air stove, is used for detecting hearth of hot-blast stove temperature；
A number inverter control signal outfan of PLC1 and the frequency change control signal input of a converter 22 connect； No. two inverter control signal outfans of PLC1 and the frequency change control signal input of No. two converters 23 connect； No. three inverter control signal outfans of PLC1 and the frequency change control signal input of No. three converters 24 connect；
The three-phase power input end of aerator 4 accesses civil power by the control switch of No. two A.C. contactors；Described No. one Converter 22 is associated between three phase mains and aerator 4 by the control switch series of No. three A.C. contactors；
The three-phase power input end of fire grate 5 accesses civil power by the control switch of No. four A.C. contactors；Described No. two changes Frequently device 23 is associated between three phase mains and fire grate 5 by the control switch series of No. five A.C. contactors；
The three-phase power input end of air-introduced machine 6 accesses civil power by the control switch of No. six A.C. contactors；Described No. three Converter 24 is associated between three phase mains and air-introduced machine 6 by the control switch series of No. seven A.C. contactors；
The control signal input of No. two A.C. contactor control coils and No. two A.C. contactor control signals of PLC1 Outfan connects；The control signal input of No. three A.C. contactor control coils and No. three A.C. contactor controls of PLC1 Signal output part processed connects；The control signal input of No. four A.C. contactor control coils exchanges with No. four of PLC1 and connects Tentaculum control signal outfan connects；The control signal input of No. five A.C. contactor control coils with No. five of PLC1 A.C. contactor control signal outfan connects；The control signal input of No. six A.C. contactor control coils and PLC1 No. six A.C. contactor control signal outfans connect；The control signal input of No. seven A.C. contactor control coils It is connected with No. seven A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC1；
Combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit includes probe tube 31 and negative pressure transmitter 32；
One end of described probe tube 31 is arranged in the fire box of air stove, and by the other end of probe tube 31 It is positioned at outside air stove, and is connected with the signal input part of negative pressure transmitter 32 by cooling pipe；Described negative pressure transmitter The negative pressure pick-up signal output part of 32 is connected with the negative pressure signal input of PLC1；
Heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit include two heat-exchange temperature sensors 41, one of them heat exchange Temperature sensor 41 is arranged on heat exchanger front end, for detecting the temperature of heat exchanger front end, this heat-exchange temperature sensor 41 Heat exchanger head temperature signal output part be connected with the heat exchanger head temperature signal input part of PLC1；
Another heat-exchange temperature sensor 41 is arranged on heat exchanger rear end, for detecting the temperature of exchanger heat air compartment, and should The heat exchanger rear end temperature signal outfan of heat-exchange temperature sensor 41 inputs with the heat exchanger rear end temperature signal of PLC1 End connects；
Each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit include hot blast temperature sensor 51, position sensor 52, No. four converters 53, electric pushrod drive circuit 54, electric pushrod 56 and cold wind air distribution plate 55；
The three-phase power input end of hot-air blower 7 accesses civil power by the control switch of No. eight A.C. contactors；Described hot blast Machine 7 is associated between civil power and hot-air blower 7 by the control switch series of No. nine A.C. contactors；
The control signal input of No. eight A.C. contactor control coils and No. eight A.C. contactor control signals of PLC1 Outfan connects；The control signal input of No. nine A.C. contactor control coils and No. nine A.C. contactor controls of PLC1 Signal output part processed connects；
The electric pushrod of PLC1 drives the drive control signal input of signal output part and electric pushrod drive circuit 54 Connect；Described electric pushrod drive circuit 54 drives electric pushrod to work；Described electric pushrod drives cold wind air distribution plate 55 motions, described cold wind air distribution plate 55 is for controlling the aperture of the hot-blast outlet of hot-air blower 7；
Grain storage section grain position control unit includes that resistance is outwarded winding pass 61 and No. two delay circuits 64；Hinder pass 61 of outwarding winding and be arranged on storage The grain position peak of grain section, is used for detecting grain position；Described resistance outward winding close 61 on-off model outfan and PLC1 Resistance rotation switching value signal input part connects；
The three-phase power input end of upper grain motor accesses civil power by the control switch of No. ten A.C. contactors；No. ten exchanges A number control signal input of catalyst control coil 65 and No. ten A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC1 Connect；No. two control signal inputs of No. ten A.C. contactor control coils are by No. two delay circuits and the ten of PLC1 Number A.C. contactor control signal outfan connects；
Each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection all include one group of Temperature and Humidity unit 71, this group with control unit Temperature and Humidity unit all includes a dryer section temperature sensor and a dryer section humidity sensor, dryer section temperature Sensor is for detecting the temperature of drying section；Dryer section humidity sensor is used for detecting drying section humidity；
The signal output part of dryer section temperature sensor is connected with a road dryer section temperature signal input of logging 8； The moisture signal outfan of dryer section humidity sensor is connected with a road dryer section moisture signal input of logging 8；
Each drying section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster includes one group of dryer section row with the Detection & Controling unit of steam discharge wind speed Steam ports detector unit 81, this group dryer section detector unit all includes that an exhaust steam temperature sensor, an exhaust steam humidity pass Sensor and a dry air velocity transducer, exhaust steam temperature sensor is for detecting the temperature of drying section steam drain；Exhaust steam is wet Degree sensor is for detecting the humidity of drying section steam drain；Exhaust steam air velocity transducer is for detecting the wind of drying section steam drain Speed；
The signal output part of exhaust steam temperature sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam temperature signal input of logging 8；Exhaust steam The signal output part of humidity sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam moisture signal input of logging 8；Exhaust steam wind speed senses The signal output part of device is connected with a road exhaust steam wind velocity signal input of logging 8；
Cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit includes cooling section temperature sensor 101 and cooling blower converter 102；
The three-phase power input end of cooling blower 16 accesses civil power by cooling blower converter 102；
Cooling section temperature sensor 101 is arranged at cooling section, is used for detecting cooling section cereal temperature, described cooling section The signal output part of temperature sensor 101 is connected with the cooling section temperature signal input of logging 8；
The logging signal output part of described logging 8 is connected with the logging signal input part of PLC1；
The cooling blower frequency variation signal outfan of PLC1 connects with the frequency change control signal input of cooling blower converter 102 Connect；
Drying tower row grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control unit include two online grain moisture content detection instrument 91 and Row's grain converter 9；Described two online grain moisture content detection instrument 91 are used to grain in detection row's grain motor 10 Moisture；
Row's grain motor 10 accesses three phase mains by row's grain converter 9；The frequency change control signal of described row's grain converter 9 Input is connected with the frequency change control signal outfan of PLC1.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains:
1, solve grain drying tower grain to have no basis in drying course, the problem drying grain according to personal experience.
2, solving grain and do not have rule in drying course, do not have data to look into, see by people, hands is touched, tooth is stung and commented matter Problem.
3, solve the traditional grain drying tower waste problem to fuel and electric energy, reduce drying cost.
4, solving in traditional grain drying course, solid food moisture content is unstable, storage grain loss problem.
5, solving traditional grain drying course cannot monitor and problem of management, this control system is every in can storing three months All data that moment drying tower runs, a key prints, and embodies grain solid food in drying course with the form of form and produces Amount, solid food moisture, coal consumption, power consumption, furnace temperature, pathogenic wind-warm, etc. all be dried relevant information.
6, thorough protection drying plant is properly functioning, violations of rules and regulations hard stop occurs, extension device service life, Reduce maintenance cost, it is ensured that safety in production.
The present invention has filled up China and the world blank in grain heat-drying field of intelligent control, is particularly suitable for China's main grain Producing region environment, weather and voltage pulsation major region use, be truly realized the energy-saving and emission-reduction of grain heat-drying, low-carbon economy, The needs of Green Development.
The present invention is compared with Traditional control technology, and main performance of the present invention embodies as follows:
1, saving coal-fired more than 10% on year-on-year basis, through actual measurement, as a example by producing 600 tons of drying towers daily, every day saves coal-fired 3.5 About Dun.
2, save electric energy more than 20% on year-on-year basis, through actual measurement, as a example by producing 600 tons of drying towers daily, save electricity 2000 every day More than degree.
3, going out machine solid food moisture Control on year-on-year basis interval 14% ± 0.5, meansigma methods solid food moisture content is 14%, and degree of stability carries High by 1%.
4, reducing labor intensity, minimizing personnel put into more than 20%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the control principle schematic diagram of coal bunker control unit in air stove；
Fig. 2 is the control principle schematic diagram of hearth of hot-blast stove temperature detection control unit；
Fig. 3 is the control principle schematic diagram of combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit；
Fig. 4 is the control principle schematic diagram of heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit；
Fig. 5 is the control principle schematic diagram of each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit；
Fig. 6 is the control principle schematic diagram of grain storage section grain position control unit；
Fig. 7 is the control principle schematic diagram of each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection and control unit；
Fig. 8 is each drying section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster and the control principle of the Detection & Controling unit of steam discharge wind speed shows It is intended to；
Fig. 9 is the control principle schematic diagram of cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit；
Figure 10 is drying tower row's grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control unit
Figure 11 is storage and printing portion control principle schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is air-introduced machine, aerator, fire grate, the electrical structure schematic diagram of two row's grain motors access three phase mains；
Figure 13 is three hot-air blowers, air-cooler, the electrical structure schematic diagram of coal bunker access three phase mains；
Figure 14 is sorting screen, clean promote electrode, two solid food conveying motors access the electrical structure signal of three phase mains Figure；
Figure 15 is slagging-off, the electrical structure schematic diagram of two solid food conveying motors access three phase mains；
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one, combine Fig. 1 to Figure 15 this detailed description of the invention, grain drying tower intelligent power saving control are described System processed, it includes coal bunker control unit in air stove, hearth of hot-blast stove temperature detection control unit, combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit, heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit, the detection of each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature With control unit, grain storage section grain position control unit, each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection and control unit, respectively dry Dry section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster and the Detection & Controling unit of steam discharge wind speed, cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling Unit, drying tower row's grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control unit, PLC1, computer 2, display 3, attention device With logging 8；
Described PLC1 and computer 2 duplex communication；The display signal output part of computer 2 and the display letter of display 3 Number input connects；Described attention device is connected with the alarm signal input of computer 2；
In air stove, coal bunker control unit includes that 11, delay circuit 12 of laser tube, up stop hall sensing switch 14, descending stop hall sensing switch 15, enumerator 16 and weight sensor 17；
Described laser tube 11 is arranged on the side of coal bunker hoisting frame, and the laser level that laser tube 11 sends is propagated；On Whereabouts point hall sensing switch 14 is arranged on the upper end of coal bunker hoisting frame；Descending stop hall sensing switch 15 is arranged on The lower end of coal bunker hoisting frame；Up stop hall sensing switch 14 and descending stop hall sensing switch 15 are used to sense Answer the position of coal bunker；The induced signal outfan of described up stop hall sensing switch 14 and the up stop of PLC1 Hall sensing signal input part connects；Under the induced signal outfan of descending stop hall sensing switch 15 and PLC1 Whereabouts point hall sensing signal input part connects；The counting letter of the count signal outfan of described PLC1 and enumerator 11 Number input connects；Weight sensor 17 is arranged in coal bunker, and described weight sensor 17 is for measuring the weight of coal bunker Amount；The weight signal outfan of described weight sensor 17 is connected with the weight signal input of PLC1；PLC1's Coal bunker drives signal to drive coal bunker 13 to lift by a delay circuit 12；
The three-phase power input end of coal bunker 13 accesses civil power by the control switch of an A.C. contactor；A number exchange connects The control signal input of tentaculum control coil is connected with an A.C. contactor control signal outfan of PLC1；
Hearth of hot-blast stove temperature detection control unit includes 22, No. two frequency conversions of 21, converter of fire box temperature sensor Device 23 and No. three converters 24；
Fire box temperature sensor 21 is arranged in the fire box of air stove, is used for detecting hearth of hot-blast stove temperature；
A number inverter control signal outfan of PLC1 and the frequency change control signal input of a converter 22 connect； No. two inverter control signal outfans of PLC1 and the frequency change control signal input of No. two converters 23 connect； No. three inverter control signal outfans of PLC1 and the frequency change control signal input of No. three converters 23 connect；
The three-phase power input end of aerator 4 accesses three phase mains by the control switch of No. two A.C. contactors；Described A number converter 22 is associated between three phase mains and aerator 4 by the control switch series of No. three A.C. contactors；
The three-phase power input end of fire grate 5 accesses three phase mains by the control switch of No. four A.C. contactors；Described two Number converter 23 is associated between three phase mains and fire grate 5 by the control switch series of No. five A.C. contactors；
The three-phase power input end of air-introduced machine 6 accesses three phase mains by the control switch of No. six A.C. contactors；Described No. three converters 24 are associated between three phase mains and air-introduced machine 6 by the control switch series of No. seven A.C. contactors；
The control signal input of No. two A.C. contactor control coils and No. two A.C. contactor control signals of PLC1 Outfan connects；The control signal input of No. three A.C. contactor control coils and No. three A.C. contactor controls of PLC1 Signal output part processed connects；The control signal input of No. four A.C. contactor control coils exchanges with No. four of PLC1 and connects Tentaculum control signal outfan connects；The control signal input of No. five A.C. contactor control coils with No. five of PLC1 A.C. contactor control signal outfan connects；The control signal input of No. six A.C. contactor control coils and PLC1 No. six A.C. contactor control signal outfans connect；The control signal input of No. seven A.C. contactor control coils It is connected with No. seven A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC1；
Combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit includes probe tube 31 and negative pressure transmitter 32；
One end of described probe tube 31 is arranged in the fire box of air stove, and by the other end of probe tube 31 It is positioned at outside air stove, and is connected with the signal input part of negative pressure transmitter 32 by cooling pipe；Described negative pressure transmitter The negative pressure pick-up signal output part of 32 is connected with the negative pressure signal input of PLC1；
Heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit include two heat-exchange temperature sensors 41, one of them heat exchange Temperature sensor 41 is arranged on heat exchanger front end, for detecting the temperature of heat exchanger front end, this heat-exchange temperature sensor 41 Heat exchanger head temperature signal output part be connected with the heat exchanger head temperature signal input part of PLC1；
Another heat-exchange temperature sensor 41 is arranged on heat exchanger rear end, for detecting the temperature of exchanger heat air compartment, and should The heat exchanger rear end temperature signal outfan of heat-exchange temperature sensor 41 inputs with the heat exchanger rear end temperature signal of PLC1 End connects；
Each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit include hot blast temperature sensor 51, position sensor 52, No. four converters 53, electric pushrod drive circuit 54, electric pushrod 56 and cold wind air distribution plate 55；
The three-phase power input end of hot-air blower 7 accesses three phase mains by the control switch of No. eight A.C. contactors；Described Hot-air blower 7 is associated between three phase mains and hot-air blower 7 by the control switch series of No. nine A.C. contactors；
The control signal input of No. eight A.C. contactor control coils and No. eight A.C. contactor control signals of PLC1 Outfan connects；The control signal input of No. nine A.C. contactor control coils and No. nine A.C. contactor controls of PLC1 Signal output part processed connects；
The electric pushrod of PLC1 drives the drive control signal input of signal output part and electric pushrod drive circuit 54 Connect；Described electric pushrod drive circuit 54 drives electric pushrod to work；Described electric pushrod drives cold wind air distribution plate 55 motions, described cold wind air distribution plate 55 is for controlling the aperture of the hot-blast outlet of hot-air blower 7；
Grain storage section grain position control unit includes that resistance is outwarded winding pass 61 and No. two delay circuits 64；Hinder pass 61 of outwarding winding and be arranged on storage The grain position peak of grain section, is used for detecting grain position；Described resistance outward winding close 61 on-off model outfan and PLC1 Resistance rotation switching value signal input part connects；
The three-phase power input end of upper grain motor accesses three phase mains by the control switch of No. ten A.C. contactors；No. ten A number control signal input of A.C. contactor control coil exports with No. ten A.C. contactor control signals of PLC1 End connects；No. two control signal inputs of No. ten A.C. contactor control coils pass through No. two delay circuits and PLC1 No. ten A.C. contactor control signal outfans connect；
Each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection all include one group of Temperature and Humidity unit 71, this group with control unit Temperature and Humidity unit all includes a dryer section temperature sensor and a dryer section humidity sensor, dryer section temperature Sensor is for detecting the temperature of drying section；Dryer section humidity sensor is used for detecting drying section humidity；
The signal output part of dryer section temperature sensor is connected with a road dryer section temperature signal input of logging 8； The moisture signal outfan of dryer section humidity sensor is connected with a road dryer section moisture signal input of logging 8；
Each drying section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster includes one group of dryer section row with the Detection & Controling unit of steam discharge wind speed Steam ports detector unit 81, this group dryer section detector unit all includes that an exhaust steam temperature sensor, an exhaust steam humidity pass Sensor and a dry air velocity transducer, exhaust steam temperature sensor is for detecting the temperature of drying section steam drain；Exhaust steam is wet Degree sensor is for detecting the humidity of drying section steam drain；Exhaust steam air velocity transducer is for detecting the wind of drying section steam drain Speed；
The signal output part of exhaust steam temperature sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam temperature signal input of logging 8；Exhaust steam The signal output part of humidity sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam moisture signal input of logging 8；Exhaust steam wind speed senses The signal output part of device is connected with a road exhaust steam wind velocity signal input of logging 8；
Cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit includes cooling section temperature sensor 101 and cooling blower converter 102；
The three-phase power input end of cooling blower 16 accesses three phase mains by cooling blower converter 102；
Cooling section temperature sensor 101 is arranged at cooling section, is used for detecting cooling section cereal temperature, described cooling section The signal output part of temperature sensor 101 is connected with the cooling section temperature signal input of logging 8；
The logging signal output part of described logging 8 is connected with the logging signal input part of PLC1；
The cooling blower frequency variation signal outfan of PLC1 connects with the frequency change control signal input of cooling blower converter 102 Connect；
Drying tower row grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control unit include two online grain moisture content detection instrument 91 and Row's grain converter 9；Described two online grain moisture content detection instrument 91 are used to grain in detection row's grain motor 10 Moisture；
Row's grain motor 10 accesses three phase mains by row's grain converter 9；The frequency change control signal of described row's grain converter 9 Input is connected with the frequency change control signal outfan of PLC1.
Detailed description of the invention two, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, fire box temperature sensor 21 uses diamond spar temperature sensor to realize.
Detailed description of the invention three, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, probe tube 31 uses one section of DN20 pipeline to realize.
Detailed description of the invention four, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, logging 8 realizes duplex communication by 485 buses with PLC1.
Detailed description of the invention five, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, it also includes printer 13, the printer signal input of described printer 13 and calculating The printer signal outfan of machine 2 connects.
Detailed description of the invention six, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, it also includes wireless communication module 14 and smart mobile phone 15, described wireless communication module The wireless signal input of 14 or outfan export with the wireless signal of computer 2 or input is connected, smart mobile phone 15 And radio communication between wireless communication module 14.
Detailed description of the invention seven, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, PLC1 be model be the central processing unit of 6ES7-200.
Detailed description of the invention eight, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, online grain moisture content detection instrument 91 be model be the online grain of LDS-3H Moisture content detector.
Detailed description of the invention nine, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, logging 8 be model be the logging of TD200-A32BS2V0T4.
Detailed description of the invention ten, this detailed description of the invention and the grain drying tower intelligent power saving described in detailed description of the invention one The difference of control system is, exhaust steam air velocity transducer be model be the exhaust steam air velocity transducer of Gs20.
(1) in air stove coal bunker work automatically control:
This part is automatically to be started (or spring touch switch manually boots), coal by the full coal amount laser detection of coal bunker Bucket up stroke stop Hall element, upper coal quantity record the device groups such as accounting and coal bunker down stroke stop Hall automatically Become.
Operation principle: after the coal of coal bunker is filled, is arranged on the light quilt that pipe is sent by the laser of coal bunker lifting frame body side After coal blocks, the switch motion within laser flip flop, transmission triggering enabling signal, to PLC, (is filtered after PLC time delay Interference except other factors) start coal bunker elevator electric motor starting, coal bunker is up starts upper coal.When coal bunker only walks to During point, when coal bunker bucket body is close to the up stroke stop hall sensing switch being arranged on herein, this switch outgoing position signal Stop up run signal to PLC, PLC output, make delay process simultaneously and (set aside some time, prevent time mistake of unloading coal Short, the coal of coal bunker unloads the cleanest), after delay time arrives, PLC starts down stroke catalyst, makes coal motor anti- Turning to realize descending function, at this moment coal bunker will leave top dead centre Hall element, when coal bunker leaves after top dead center, suddenly That switch motion, sends into a numeration signal to PLC, has shown once upper coal task.When the weight by the coal that often struggles against Inputing to host computer, the weight just having automatically generated upper coal is how many kilograms and adds up.When coal bunker only comes downwards to down Hall switch in this is installed during point export lower dead center signal that puts in place and stop descending catalyst to PLC, PLC Output, coal bunker will stop at bottom dead center position, and whole upper coal task terminates, and standby prepare for going up coal next time.
(2) hearth of hot-blast stove temperature Detection & Controling:
Fire box temperature detection is to be completed by the diamond spar temperature sensor being arranged in fire box, this temperature sensing The resistance to temperature value of device is 0-1600 degree, and equity output 0-20ma current signal gives cyclelog PLC, in PLC Part is two parts, and a part shows fire box temperature value on computer monitor.Another part be set in inside PLC Fire box temperature value compare.
Fire box temperature controls: the height of fire box temperature depends on the coal-fired state at stove chamber inner combustion, coal-fired in burner hearth Fired state by three conditional decisions.(1) effect of aerator: aerator here functions as combustion-supporting effect, air-supply Amount number determine the size of combustion-supporting effect.(2) effect of fire grate coal-supplying amount: the size of fire grate speed determines to be sent Enter the number of fire box's Coal-fired capacity.(3) effect of air-introduced machine: air-introduced machine completes the flue dust that will produce after coal combustion And heat energy delivers to follow-up function, complete to cooperatively form the task of combustion chamber draft with aerator simultaneously.In this furnace temperature control During system, when coal-supplying amount does not changes much, Control for Kiln Temperature is played leading work by aerator, and fire grate speed is the Two, the effect of air-introduced machine is taken second place, thus major control here to as if air output and the fire grate coal supply of aerator Speed.
Control for Kiln Temperature principle: first have to furnace temperature is set calibration, the fire box temperature value of setting is stored in programme-control In device PLC.The temperature signal that on-the-spot fire box temperature sensor detects is also fed into cyclelog PLC, with PLC The temperature of internal calibration compares, and controls the combustion air volume of aerator by result of the comparison and fire grate is delivered coal speed.When When the temperature value of Site Detection is less than setting value, aerator strengthens combustion air volume, and fire grate speed-raising simultaneously strengthens coal-fired throwing Enter amount.The furnace temperature arrived when Site Detection after certain time is more than setting result, and PLC exports reduce-speed sign, order Aerator and fire grate all slow down.Such control mode instead of original method for controlling furnace temperature, achieves well control As a result, after how using, conclude that the such temperature control mode of use, fire box temperature can be controlled within ± 5 degree.
(3) combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling:
The detection of combustion chamber draft value is by being arranged on the sampling of the DN20 pipeline of hearth combustion chamber interior, then by drawing Being connected with negative pressure transmitter after pipe cooling, fairlead one end connects DN20 probe tube, and the other end connects negative pressure transmitter. Negative pressure transmitter one end is connected with fairlead, and the other end communicates with air, thus goes out in negative pressure transmitter interior contrast The pressure reduction of test point correspondence atmospheric pressure is how many pa (handkerchief pressure units), the electric current letter corresponding by pressure transmitter output Number 0-20ma.After this combustion chamber draft value current signal sends into cyclelog PLC, inside PLC, it is divided into two Point, a part is sent into computer monitor and is shown the size of current combustion chamber draft value, and another road is admitted to PLC with in advance The calibration value being stored in compares calculating.
The control of combustion chamber draft: in order to describe the problem, first has to illustrate why to be controlled the negative pressure of burner hearth. The coal-fired purpose at stove chamber inner combustion is that the chemical energy that fire coal is stored in inside is converted into heat energy by the way of burning in fact Process, the height of this process conversion ratio depend on coal-fired in burner hearth the artificial burning situation provided relevant, this Burning situation is exactly the negative pressure value of burner hearth, and in order to reach efficient conversion efficiency, being necessary for will be to combustion chamber draft value Reasonably control.
Practice have shown that: mark coal is that between negative 20pa to negative 150pa, the burn-off rate of coal is best in combustion chamber draft, and heat energy converts Rate is the highest, we term it economical combustion point.But in fact it is currently used in the negative pressure of the air stove in terms of drying tower Value is all between negative 300pa to negative 500pa, away from economical combustion point, creates a large amount of coal-fired waste.Burner hearth is born The size of pressure value is jointly acted on air-introduced machine by aerator and determining, as long as controlling the air quantity of induced draft System, just can reach to control the effect of combustion chamber draft value size, to realize saving the purpose of energy reduction production cost.
Hearth vacuum control principle is: firstly the need of setting a standard burner hearth negative pressure value (target in cyclelog Value), with Site Detection to negative pressure value compare with desired value, when Site Detection value be less than standard value time, air inducing Power traction air quantity increases, and the blow rate required reduces.When Site Detection value is more than standard value, reduce absorbing quantity, increase the blow rate required, All the time by hearth vacuum control within critical field, it is achieved economical combustion.When practical operation in view of absorbing quantity mistake Little can produce blocking heat exchanger smoke pipe and fire box temperature carrying amount deficiency problem, need the upper and lower limit air quantity of air-introduced machine is entered Rower is fixed, makes air-introduced machine work in the interval range of demarcation.Air-introduced machine upper limit air flow calibration mainly considers combustion chamber draft Ensure (the hot air blower Power Limitation because of actually used).Air-introduced machine lower limit air quantity is necessary to ensure that two indexs, one In being to ensure that burner hearth, heat energy reasonably delivers to heat exchanger, is not result in burner hearth overtemperature.Two be to ensure that heat exchanger smoke pipe not by Blocking.Between the job requirement that air-introduced machine is special, in use in order to keep the most stable of negative pressure value in burner hearth, There is provided good burning condition for fire coal, used primary and secondary control theory, i.e. air-introduced machine under the driving of converter, Making upper and lower limit section operation, aerator is made full frequency band and is dynamically adjusted, and the guarantee 70% of combustion chamber draft value is come by aerator Determine.
(4), fire grate coal supply speed and the control of furnace temperature:
The size of fire grate coal supply speed determine coal-fired input amount number, after above-mentioned (2,3) condition determines, stove The height of temperature depend under equal conditions coal-fired injected volume number.Control for Kiln Temperature: cyclelog PLC is controlling While aerator realizes Control for Kiln Temperature, synchronize fire grate coal supply speed is controlled, when furnace temperature is less than setting value, PLC output signal for faster is to converter, transducer drive fire grate Accelerating running.Otherwise during higher than setting value.
(5) temperature sensor of heat exchanger front and back ends shows and controls:
The temperature sensor mounted purpose in heat exchanger front end is to ensure that heat exchanger will not use by overtemperature, in order to avoid damaging heat exchanger. The temperature value sending into cyclelog PLC firstly the need of heat exchanger front end limits, and routine is 850 degree, works as temperature Degree exceedes after this value first early warning 5 times, while early warning, the even deceleration of aerator, fire grate, reduces heat exchange Device front end heat energy supply values, air-introduced machine speeds up to the fast cooling of heat exchanger, such as heat exchange temperature after 5 early warning Still exceeding higher limit, cyclelog is forced to stop air stove peripheral equipment, while stopping air stove work, and order Air-introduced machine works with maximal rate, within the temperature of heat exchanger being dropped to safety range with the shortest time.
The effect of end sensor and control after heat exchanger: the heat exchanger rear end i.e. space of hot air chamber, deliver to the temperature of drying tower Degree i.e. derives from this, and can the height of drying chamber temperature be protected, and determining grain heat-drying temperature fluctuation range has many Greatly, perfect condition, under air stove heat capacity is more than drying tower requirement capability premise, hot air chamber should be kept as far as possible Temperature is constant temperature, and this has the biggest positive role to grain heat-drying.The temperature of hot air chamber derives from heat exchanger, heat exchanger Temperature height depend on that air-introduced machine takes the capacity of water of heat and the height of ambient temperature (because changing to hearth of hot-blast stove Hot cell temperature and ambient temperature linear proportional relation, ambient temperature height heat exchanger cooling effect is little, changes Hot device tube wall temperature is high, Heat Room temperature i.e. height, otherwise on the contrary).
Heat Room temperature detection is mounted with that plug-type temperature sensor PT100 exchange hot cell is monitored, the result of detection Sending into cyclelog PLC, be divided into two parts inside PLC, a part is delivered to computer monitor heat exchanging temperature and is entered Row display, the target temperature that another road sets with PLC compares, and exports to driving air inducing by PLC with comparative result Machine work converter, make air-introduced machine according to Heat Room to temperature height requirement, ask for relative heat to air stove, To realize thermostatic control.
(6), hot-air blower ladder temperature wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling:
Hot-air blower is the transporting equipment that the heat energy of Heat Room flows to each dryer section of drying tower, and grain obtains in drying tower With the heat energy source of dry needs in this, the detection of each drying section hot blast temperature is by being arranged on hot-air blower air-supply pipeline On temperature sensor complete, the temperature signal that the temperature sensor on every road will detect sends into main controller PLC, Each road signal is distributed into two tunnels by PLC, and a road is used as to show over the display, and respective temperature control system is delivered on another road, To complete the independence control of each drying section temperature.
The control of hot-air blower ladder temperature air-supply: in fact more than two hot-air blowers use same Heat Room temperature to realize ladder Temperature air-supply cannot realize, but grain is in drying course, and the difference of drying position residing for grain, to temperature The demand of degree is the most different, needs laminated gradient to blow, in order to reach to carry different drying temperature, Wo Men to grain Each hot-air blower is mounted with cold wind air distribution plate, electric pushrod, dragline type position sensing on the hot-air channel of Heat Room Device.Utilizing the mode that air distribution plate aperture is increased or decreased that each hot-air blower carries out cold wind modulation, every hot-air blower is sent Hot blast be all via cold wind modulate after temperature.Control principle: first have to target setting temperature in central controller Value, then Site Detection to temperature value compare with desired value, the temperature value arrived when Site Detection is less than desired value Time, central controller output adjusts signal, drives electric pushrod to turn down cold wind air distribution plate, to reduce the intervention of cold wind Amount improves temperature, and instead this is contrary.Cold wind plate adjust number be according to the position of current cold wind plate by central controller Putting and result that the difference of Current Temperatures and target temperature is computed determines, time actually used, electronic plate works in dynamic State adjusts state, and temperature control sensitivity is fine.
(7) grain storage section grain position controls:
Grain storage section grain position is the most crucial, and this link is related to grain heat-drying quality, yield, energy consumption problem.Grain before The method that position controls to use has hydrargyrum position switch to control, video camera manually sees two kinds of methods of control.Mercoid switch controls Often there is the malfunctioning situation of mercoid switch in grain position, causes king-tower to promote out of control, or does not goes up grain, and grain storage section runs wind, The upper uncontrolled grain situation that emits of grain, a lot of drying tower manufacturers are mounted with mercoid switch, after using a period of time to user The most all remove.Currently the majority uses camera video Artificial Control, and this control mode is simple, but also exists Anthropic factor, increases labor intensity, and once people looks after less than also there will be the situation emitting wind, emitting grain, so this portion Divide and suddenly wait to need a kind of safe and reliable, easy to operate control mode to occur.Here we provide a kind of to hinder rotation Switch as detecting element, with PLC processor for controlling element, with catalyst for driving the control mode of king-tower motor, After application, effect is ideal.
Control principle is: resistance is outwarded winding and closes the high point of accumulation in grain position being installed on grain storage section, when resistance rotation switch rotary, and resistance rotation Switch to PLC output one food shortage signal, after the auxiliary device of grain in PLC self-inspection is all normal, sends upper grain instructs to connecing Tentaculum, the work of king-tower lifting motor starts upper grain.After a period of time, resistance is outwarded winding and is closed by upper full grain resistance rotation, and resistance is outwarded winding Closing and export the full signal of a grain to PLC, PLC stops the output to upper grain catalyst, and upper grain motor quits work, this time Upper grain terminates.Along with the normal work of drying tower, the grain position of grain storage section starts to move down, when grain position leave resistance outward winding pass time, Hindering the Guan Ci that outwards winding and export a food shortage signal to PLC, at this moment PLC is not to output signal to grain catalyst immediately, and It is to make delay process.Purpose is that the duration user of time delay is according to practical situation in order to prevent upper grain equipment from starting frequently And determine (time delay time a length of how long arbitrarily set on computer monitor, very convenient), delay time arrives After reaching, repeat above-mentioned upper grain process.PLC makees three step process after receiving the signal hindering pass feeding of outwarding winding, the One step, shows grain position on computer monitor.Second step is delayed startup, and the 3rd step is that sequential control provides for upper grain The miscellaneous equipment of service.
Sequence control procedure is: outwards winding when resistance and closes output food shortage signal, after via controller time delay, first starts as cleaning Machine provides the conveyer belt in grain source, and when grain arrives cleaner inside, controller starts sorting screen and cleaning fan, so After be the conveyer belt promoting upper grain for king-tower, finally start king-tower and promote upper grain motor and start upper grain, this process is anti- Only equipment idle running, reaches energy-conservation purpose.When the pass output full signal of grain is outwarded winding in resistance, PLC orderly closedown, first stop for The conveyer belt of grain on cleaner, stops conveyer belt work after time time delay several seconds, and then time delay stops cleaner, connects Time delay of getting off stops as the conveyer belt of grain on upper tower, after after time delay, stop king-tower lifting motor, the mesh of whole process Be to prevent upper grain the said equipment next time time band carry and start, in the service life of extension device, reduce maintenance cost.
(8) each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection and control:
Grain, in drying course, needs to be changed grain variant position in drying tower by tender feeling condition and moisture content Understand timely and control, guarantee grain heat-drying quality, yield.The most thoroughly solve tradition drying Tower detection is delayed and does not control data blind baking problem, it is achieved that precognition pre-control, intelligent management.The equipment of this part is joined Being set to, the online sensor of grain epidemic disaster, for realizing concentrated collection signal, bus exports, and has selected 40 tunnels to patrol Inspection instrument is as relaying.
1), each drying section grain temperature and moisture content detect: every each dryer section be mounted with temperature and relative humidity (or other Online grain temperature, temperature or moisture content detector) synchronize the epidemic disaster of this drying section grain is detected, will The signal warm, wet detected delivers to be installed on 40 road loggings of drying tower side, patrols and examines what use was patrolled and examined by one Mode receives and transmits 40 tunnel heat transfer agent collections, and each test point information is given centre by 485 buses by logging Reason device, then shows the epidemic disaster of each point grain on computer monitor.Chilling temperature illness participates in the later stage 10 The control of part.
2), each drying section grain epidemic disaster controls: grain temperature, temperature sensor that each drying section is installed detect Data, be all sent to searching instrument, by searching Yi Jiangge road signal change after, in 485 communication bus are sent to Central processor, in central processing unit, the epidemic disaster value with this section of grain standard compares, when Site Detection arrives Cereal temperature is less than standard value, and when moisture content is higher than standard value, central processing unit exports the temperature control of this drying section hot-air blower Plate adjusts signal, and making the drying temperature of this section raise (general rising 5-8 degree) increases baked strength, through one section After time, after the temperature of this section of grain and humidity reach standard, central processing unit output adjusts signal, extensive by this section Arrive normal condition again, in this way, all the time each drying section grain is reached difference and require standard, to ensure grain It is attained by preferable drying requirement in each drying section, keeps the fluency dried and linear.
(9) each drying section steam drain (horn shape box) exhaust steam epidemic disaster and the Detection & Controling of steam discharge wind speed:
In order to be further known to the grain drying regime in each drying section, indirectly understand grain moisture content in drying tower Change, it is ensured that the complete and reliability of each drying section grain epidemic disaster detection work, weary in each drying section of drying tower Being assembled with temperature and relative humidity and exhaust steam air velocity transducer in vapour outlet, the exhaust steam to discharging monitors constantly. The temperature that exhaust steam is discharged and humidity represent the degree that grain obtains being dried in dry environments, indirectly to a certain extent Understand grain height of moisture content in tower.When actually used, with normal grain at epidemic disaster Data Comparison herein, Discharge exhaust steam temperature low, high humidity, illustrate that grain dries moisture in this place bigger than normal, should be by the hardness reinforcement of drying schedule Degree, otherwise on the contrary.Utilize this principle that exhaust steam epidemic disaster is detected, be conducive to grain drying feelings in drying section tower Condition is understood and controls.
1), exhaust steam epidemic disaster and wind speed measurement.Pass by being arranged on the epidemic disaster in each exhaust steam outlet and wind speed Three groups of data that Site Detection is arrived by sensor send into logging, after logging is changed, send into central authorities by 485 buses These data are allocated by processor at processor, and a road shows on computer screen, and another road is sent into and controlled System.
2), the control of epidemic disaster and wind speed is discharged in exhaust steam.Control purpose be keep under normal conditions rational steam discharge temperature, Humidity and wind speed, in the dry run of grain, grain is played two effects by hot air flow: 1, for the grain dried Thering is provided heat energy, hot air flow is sent to the surrounding of grain in drying section by hot-air blower and heats grain, makes grain After food is heated, internal moisture obtains fast vaporizing, is dried.2, the water vapour produced after being heated by grain is discharged Outside tower, change to new air and continue to be dried.
The exhaust steam epidemic disaster that each drying section is discharged and blast velocity control are by this drying section grain being increased or decreased by temperature And the method drying air-flow, indirectly the exhaust steam epidemic disaster discharged and wind speed are controlled.Temperature control and drying section tower Interior grain epidemic disaster controls co-controlling and the hot-air blower temperature control plate of this section, the order of control be grain temperature in tower, Humid control is preferential, and exhaust steam temperature, temperature control to help out.
Control theory is: after drying section grain epidemic disaster reaches established standards, and steady-state operation a period of time, weary Steam temperature, temperature control to start monitoring, and it is near under identical moisture content that control starting point is based on the kind of this grain, unit weight It is standard that phase discharges exhaust steam epidemic disaster data, when the temperature of steam discharge is less than standard value, when humidity is more than standard value, weary Vapour epidemic disaster is devoted oneself to work with wind speed control system, increases and dries temperature and increase drying wind speed, and in making tower, grain is fast Prompt drop water, on the contrary on the contrary, after reaching control standard, system exits control.Control principle is: firstly the need of in Central processor established standards value, as the basis of examination, will detect three groups of on-the-spot epidemic disaster and air velocity transducer Data deliver to logging, logging will send into central processing unit through 485 buses after conversion, will be each by central processing unit While information shows on computer monitor, compare with the standard value being previously set, with result of the comparison, control The equipment of system correspondence carries out interval (Minimum requirements for needed for ensureing grain heat-drying) and dynamically adjusts.
In order to the meaning of controlled wind speed is described, first have to know the wind speed reduction to grain moisture content during grain heat-drying Play any effect on earth, then we just should have a understanding to the moisture of grain.
Grain is made up of numerous granule, and the moisture of grain is exactly the moisture of each granule, and the moisture of each granule is Being made up of two kinds of moisture, one is Free water (or free water).Two is hygroscopic water (or combining water).These two kinds of moisture The combination of son constitutes the moisture of grain, is referred to as the moisture content of grain, i.e. grain moisture content percentage ratio, its concept In being the grain of Unit Weight, moisture accounts for the percentage ratio of gross mass.
Two kinds of moisture contained by grain are really essentially different.Free water, Free water is aqueous water, daily with us The drinking water and the domestic water that use are the same.Free water is the water being free between grain molecule, and this water is at ice The above temperature of point i.e. starts carburation by evaporation, and along with the rising of temperature, vaporization rate is accelerated, and this hydrone is easy to Discharging, this moisture only produces impact to the weight of grain, and the volume of grain is not had much impacts.Its feature is Temperature is the highest, and vaporization rate is the fastest, evaporation rate and temperature line relationship, and this moisture is easy to after leaving grain Returning between the molecule of grain, this is the backwater that it has often been said, the environment that number and the grain of backwater amount are stored has Closing, this is to be dried the equilibrium moisture content principle learned.
Hygroscopic water, hygroscopic water is not aqueous water, and this moisture is chemical molecular structure, so a lot of its being called artificial Learn water.Hygroscopic water is absorption moisture on grain molecular cell wall, and this water is fettered by molecular core electron institute, Being not easy to peel off, removing this moisture needs condition and time, and this moisture is little to the weight of grain, but right (after Semen Glycines water in daily life, volume becomes big, and after moisture removal, volume returns to former very greatly in the volume impact of grain State, this is the effect of hygroscopic water), the feature of this moisture is, moisture is difficult to be discharged, and discharges the speed of moisture Degree and temperature and time have relation, are not linear relationship with temperature, are linear relationships with the time, and this moisture is discharged After be difficult to returning.
In sum, in the drying course of grain, Free water is easy to discharge, and the discharge of hygroscopic water is one and delays Slow process, needs the longer time, and in drying course, as long as the air velocity of baking needed reaches a subduing the wind syndrome Speed, excessive wind speed does not has essential meaning to the drying accelerating grain.
It is understood that the composition of grain moisture content and feature, it is therefore necessary to the wind speed of grain heat-drying is controlled, to reach The purpose at optimum state is controlled with energy consumption (drying cost) to by the dries quantity of grain, yield.
Understand it is understood that three necessary conditions are during grain heat-drying through above: (1) temperature, will Grain contained humidity accelerates vaporization key element.(2) time, the moisture vaporization contained by grain requires time for, particularly sorption Water.(3) wind speed, transfers thermal energy to grain, and the steam that grain produces vaporization simultaneously is discharged outside tower.These three bar Part determines dries quantity and the yield of grain.In these three condition, temperature plays a decisive role, because vaporization rate Size and temperature have direct relation, as long as can ensure the grain grain temperature control dried within safety range (typically Demarcate grain by temperature less than 80 degree), improve as far as possible and dry temperature.Next to that the time, the evaporation of all moisture needs Time, heat energy transmission and steam discharges outside tower and is required for the time, and this is why grain speed of movement in drying tower Spend the slowest reason (general translational speed is rice/1200 second).Wind speed is here the 3rd, as long as its function is Can the heat energy transmission that grain heat-drying needs be put in place, the steam produced after being vaporized by grain discharges outer (the general wind speed 4 of tower More than meter per second), and currently used drying tower steam discharge wind speed is general all between 6-10 rice, creates too much Energy waste, need control.
(10), cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling.It has been recognized that the cooling wind speed of cooling section is the bigger the better, Grain temperature is the lowest more good, and this is a mistaken ideas in fact.All things has individual optimum, is not the bigger the better, be not the least more Good, but be just best, the grain temperature control of cooling section is also such.
It is new ideas to cooling section grain temperature control, is the places that do not account for of forefathers, here We conducted supplementary. Drying tower cooling section grain temperature Detection & Controling are built upon, at the end of grain to moisture here has basically reached drying Requiring index, grain is further dried by air quantity does not has tangible effect, simply lowers the temperature grain, assists precipitation And with.
When grain is cooled down by the cooling air quantity of currently used drying tower cooling section, do not account for the change of ambient temperature Change the impact of grain temperature and the relation of grain storage.Give an example, when ambient temperature is positive 20 degree, dry the dry of grain Use a benchmark when dry benchmark is with negative 20 degree, that is when ambient temperature is positive 20 degree, dry grain and make The temperature that drying condition and ambient temperature are negative 20 degree be the same, the cooling air quantity of cooling section feeding is the same, The most here two problems have been occurred as soon as, 1, be ambient temperature when being positive 20 degree, no matter cooling section blower fan is how Blow, cooling section grain temperature all without less than 20 degree, reason be the cooling medium of cooling section be extraneous air, extraneous sky Gas is positive 20 degree, you can not by grain temperature drop less than less than 20 degree, cooling blower be air cooling rather than Refrigeration plant, send great wind the most useless, simply the waste to electric power energy.Even if you try every possible means grain temperature drop Below ambient temperature, can grain go out machine after need to deposit under environmental condition, mutually balance former according to temperature Reason, its temperature meeting nature is with ambient temperature equilibrium to a certain extent.2, when ambient temperature is for negative 20 degree or lower, At this moment go out the cereal temperature of machine with close to freezing point or lower, in this case cooling section is sent into great air quantity and all do not have Have in all senses, simply waste electric energy, increase and dry cost.In reality, people always will go out when drying grain to winter The grain of machine mouth is put into indoor slow a period of time at survey water, it is simply that because the cereal temperature going out machine is too low, examine close to freezing point The inaccurate reason of grain moisture content measured.
Cooling section grain temperature detector is surveyed: be mounted with temperature sensor PT100 at cooling section, will through logging Cooling section temperature data delivers to central controller, and these data are delivered to computer monitor and carried out temperature by central controller one tunnel Display, the ambient temperature that another road and the environment temperature sensor being arranged on outdoor detect compares, with the two ratio Difference relatively gives central controller, central controller export control instruction, controls the converter of cooling section work, by Transducer drive cooling blower, makes cooling blower produce the grain temperature formation relation that air quantity arrives with ambient temperature and Site Detection, Such result is that the duty of per moment cooling blower is all controlled by ambient temperature and cereal temperature, i.e. ensures Grain security goes out machine, has saved again production cost.
(11), drying tower row's grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control.Row's grain part of drying tower be drying tower Metasomite, grain will go out machine, i.e. finish whole drying course to here.The function of this part is to control grain Discharge the speed of drying tower, to ensure that grain goes out the moisture of machine and reach the required standards, this part row's grain speed fast Slowly affect the speed of grain under whole tower, also directly affect the drying effect of above each layer grain, so this link is whole The most important thing of individual drying course.Traditional control method be within every 30 minutes, manually go to take at grain discharging opening a number of go out Machine grain carries out moisture inspection, when the grain moisture content that inspection is arrived is more than desired value, reduces row's grain speed and extends grain Drying time in drying tower.Increase row's grain speed when the moisture of inspection to grain is less than desired value, reduce grain Drying time in tower, the adjustment gone round and begun again every day, not only labor intensity is big, and detects the most delayed, relies on Experience dries grain, and anthropic factor is big, and grain heat-drying quality cannot ensure.
In order to solve this problem, we are mounted with two set online grain moisture content inspections at the machine outlet of grain drying tower Survey instrument, the solid food in discharge machine is monitored constantly, if drying tower structure is bilateral row's grain, each online Moisture content detector controls the draining crop mechanism of correspondence respectively, if drying tower is integrated row's grain structure, takes two online Formula grain moisture content detection instrument meansigma methods, controls row's grain speed.Control principle is: before this by computer monitor centering Central processor and online grain measurement of moisture content instrument carry out moisture demarcation, control than if desired for the grain moisture content going out machine 14% ± 0.5, it is 14% that desired value is just pinpointed by that, when the grain moisture content that ice detector detects is more than 14%, by this Field data feeds back to central processing unit, and treated device compares with desired value, when central processing unit result of the comparison More than desired value 0.2% time, the data examining each drying section to send into, decide whether export reduce-speed sign discharge grain motor Make deceleration to process, otherwise on the contrary.The principle examining other drying section moisture size is: Site Detection result and following knot The anticipation of fruit, prevents out the fluctuation of machine solid food moisture content excessive, affects the quality of solid food.Such as Site Detection solid food moisture content With more than 14.5%, stopping anticipation energy merit, row's grain speed is carried out by predetermined speed, when solid food moisture is less than 13.8% Anticipation energy merit starts, the data examining each drying section to send into, and decides whether that exporting signal for faster discharge grain motor makees to accelerate Processing, when solid food moisture is less than 13.5, stop anticipation energy merit, row's grain speed is carried out by predetermined speed, so controls Principle be to prevent solid food moisture content too high or too low, with keep bake out qualified solid food.
(12) storage and printing function:
All above function and the realization of control, be all by central processing unit after desired value compares with Site Detection value The result of the control carried out, during controlling, central processing unit synchronizes these data to be stored, including air stove Upper coal number of times, upper coal tonnage amount, fire grate speed, aerator operating frequency, electric current, voltage, air inducing in unit interval Machine operating frequency, electric current, voltage, certain moment fire box temperature, heat exchange temperature, hot air chamber temperature, each hot-air blower are joined Temperature plate aperture, each hot-air blower operating frequency, electric current, voltage, each hot-air blower wind pushing temperature, each drying section grain temperature, Humidity, each drying section steam drain epidemic disaster and wind speed, cooling section cereal temperature, cooling blower operating frequency, electric current, Voltage, certain moment solid food moisture content, row's grain motor operating frequency, electric current, voltage and each motor running parameter and 24 Storage and the printings such as hour electric energy meritorious consumptions, reactive power, power factor, thoroughly solve the error manually made a copy of And anthropic factor.
(13) remotely and mobile phone controls function:
Use network technology to achieve very-long-range strange land to control and mobile phone control function.Enterprise administrator is the most wherein Drying tower working condition in using can be understood, it may be necessary to strange land manipulates, adjust the fortune of drying tower Row state, it is achieved equipment optimum state works.Use surfing Internet with cell phone function above manipulation function equally completely, side Just when and where the condition of production of family can be had at fingertips by user.
What in air stove, coal bunker worked automatically controls: (1) actuating section.There are two schemes: one is that use is light-operated to pipe Or photoswitch.Two is to use touch-switch.(2) coal bunker upper and lower stroke position detection part.There are two schemes: One is to use Hall element detection.Two is to use travel switch to carry out position control.
Fire box temperature detects, as long as the temperature range 0-1600 degree of temperature sensor, has the product that pick-up exports.
Combustion chamber draft detects, and the interface diameter of negative pressure transmitter bears 500pa at 6-8mm, negative pressure range at 0-.
Heat exchanger head temperature detects, and temperature sensor temperature range 0-800 degree has pick-up output function.
Regenerator volume and temperature sensor afterwards, temperature range bear 40 degree to positive 200 degree, have pick-up output function ?.
In drying section tower, the detection of grain epidemic disaster uses with exhaust steam epidemic disaster and passes with a epidemic disaster is integrated Sensor, job requirement: temperature bears 40 degree to positive 120 degree, relative humidity 0-100%, two road 0-20ma electric current letters Number output, accuracy of detection is high, any a product of good stability failure rate is low.
Exhaust steam anemobiagraph.The anemobiagraph place of production that this control system uses: the Shijiazhuang City Asia roc limited public affairs of Radix Saposhnikoviae measuring and controlling equipment Department, model: Gs20, to survey demeanour and enclose 0-30 meter per second, analog quantity 0-20ma electric current exports, and has self-heating for antifreeze Function.Possesses the like product of above-mentioned functions.
Logging.This control system uses 32 road loggings, the place of production: the excellent section in Sichuan automation control appliance is limited The TD200-A32BS2V0T4 product that company produces, this product polling rate is 0.5s mono-, ambient operating temperature Negative 40, to positive 80 degree, possess RS485 output function.All possess other of above-mentioned functions and patrol and examine product.
The product for Siemens 6ES7-200 series that central processing unit PLC: this control system uses.
The online detector of grain moisture content: the online grain measurement of moisture content instrument used in this control system is Qingpu Shanghai The online moisture monitor of LDS-3H that oasis detecting instrument company limited produces, it is possible to use Shanghai Jia Shi electronics corporation The HYD-ZS grain on-line moisture determination instrument produced.
Converter.This control system uses the Kechuang board converter that Shandong Kechuang produces, it is possible to use Ou Ke is electric The Ou Ke board converter that company produces.
The main frame that the present invention uses is association's board technical grade computer, other brand industrial machine.
The printer that the present invention uses is Canon 2700 color printer, other brand printer.

Claims (10)

1. grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system, is characterized in that: it includes coal bunker control unit, heat in air stove Wind furnace fire box temperature detection control unit, combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit, heat exchanger front end and the inspection of rear end temperature Survey control unit, each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit, grain storage section grain position control unit, respectively dry Section cereal temperature and water content detection and control unit, the detection of each drying section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster and steam discharge wind speed With control unit, cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit, drying tower row's grain part grain measurement of moisture content and control Unit, PLC (1), computer (2), display (3), attention device and logging (8)；
Described PLC (1) and computer (2) duplex communication；The display signal output part of computer (2) and display (3) display signal input part connects；Described attention device is connected with the alarm signal input of computer (2)；
In air stove, coal bunker control unit includes laser tube (11), delay circuit (12), a up stop Hall Inductive switch (14), descending stop hall sensing switch (15) sum counter (16)；
Described laser tube (11) is arranged on the side of coal bunker hoisting frame, and the laser water that laser tube (11) sends is flated pass Broadcast；Up stop hall sensing switch (14) is arranged on the upper end of coal bunker hoisting frame；Descending stop hall sensing switchs (15) lower end of coal bunker hoisting frame it is arranged on；Up stop hall sensing switch (14) and descending stop hall sensing Switch (15) is used to sense the position of coal bunker；The induced signal of described up stop hall sensing switch (14) is defeated Go out end to be connected with the up stop hall sensing signal input part of PLC (1)；Descending stop hall sensing switch (15) Induced signal outfan be connected with the descending stop hall sensing signal input part of PLC (1)；Described PLC (1) Count signal outfan be connected with the count signal input of enumerator (11)；The coal bunker of PLC (1) drives signal Coal bunker (13) is driven to lift by a delay circuit (12)；
The three-phase power input end of coal bunker (13) accesses civil power by the control switch of an A.C. contactor；A number friendship The control signal input of stream catalyst control coil is with an A.C. contactor control signal outfan of PLC (1) even Connect；
Hearth of hot-blast stove temperature detection control unit include fire box temperature sensor (21), converter (22), No. two converters (23) and No. three converters (24)；
Fire box temperature sensor (21) is arranged in the fire box of air stove, is used for detecting hearth of hot-blast stove temperature；
A number inverter control signal outfan of PLC (1) and the frequency change control signal input of a converter (22) End connects；No. two inverter control signal outfans of PLC (1) and the frequency change control signal of No. two converters (23) Input connects；No. three inverter control signal outfans of PLC (1) and the VFC of No. three converters (24) Signal input part connects；
The three-phase power input end of aerator (4) accesses civil power by the control switch of No. two A.C. contactors；Described one Number converter (22) is associated between three phase mains and aerator (4) by the control switch series of No. three A.C. contactors；
The three-phase power input end of fire grate (5) accesses civil power by the control switch of No. four A.C. contactors；Described No. two Converter (23) is associated between three phase mains and fire grate (5) by the control switch series of No. five A.C. contactors；
The three-phase power input end of air-introduced machine (6) accesses civil power by the control switch of No. six A.C. contactors；Described three Number converter (24) is associated between three phase mains and air-introduced machine (6) by the control switch series of No. seven A.C. contactors；
The control signal input of No. two A.C. contactor control coils controls letter with No. two A.C. contactors of PLC (1) Number outfan connects；No. three of the control signal input of No. three A.C. contactor control coils and PLC (1) exchange and connect Tentaculum control signal outfan connects；The control signal input of No. four A.C. contactor control coils is with PLC's (1) No. four A.C. contactor control signal outfans connect；The control signal input of No. five A.C. contactor control coils with No. five A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC (1) connect；The control letter of No. six A.C. contactor control coils Number input is connected with No. six A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC (1)；No. seven A.C. contactor control lines The control signal input of circle is connected with No. seven A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC (1)；
Combustion chamber draft value Detection & Controling unit includes probe tube (31) and negative pressure transmitter (32)；
One end of described probe tube (31) is arranged in the fire box of air stove, and by probe tube (31) The other end is positioned at outside air stove, and is connected with the signal input part of negative pressure transmitter (32) by cooling pipe；Described The negative pressure pick-up signal output part of negative pressure transmitter (32) is connected with the negative pressure signal input of PLC (1)；
Heat exchanger front end and rear end temperature detection control unit include two heat-exchange temperature sensors (41), one of them Heat-exchange temperature sensor (41) is arranged on heat exchanger front end, for detecting the temperature of heat exchanger front end, this heat-exchange temperature The heat exchanger head temperature signal output part of sensor (41) and the heat exchanger head temperature signal input part of PLC (1) Connect；
Another heat-exchange temperature sensor (41) is arranged on heat exchanger rear end, for detecting the temperature of exchanger heat air compartment, The heat exchanger rear end temperature signal outfan of this heat-exchange temperature sensor (41) and the heat exchanger rear end temperature of PLC (1) Signal input part connects；
Each hot-air blower gradient wind pushing temperature Detection & Controling unit includes hot blast temperature sensor (51), position sensing Device (52), No. four converters (53), electric pushrod drive circuit (54), electric pushrod (56) and cold wind are joined Wind plate (55)；
The three-phase power input end of hot-air blower (7) accesses civil power by the control switch of No. eight A.C. contactors；Described heat Blower fan (7) is associated between three phase mains and hot-air blower (7) by the control switch series of No. nine A.C. contactors；
The control signal input of No. eight A.C. contactor control coils controls letter with No. eight A.C. contactors of PLC (1) Number outfan connects；No. nine of the control signal input of No. nine A.C. contactor control coils and PLC (1) exchange and connect Tentaculum control signal outfan connects；
The electric pushrod of PLC (1) drives the drive control signal of signal output part and electric pushrod drive circuit (54) Input connects；Described electric pushrod drive circuit (54) drives electric pushrod work；Described electric pushrod drives cold Wind air distribution plate (55) moves, and described cold wind air distribution plate (55) is used for controlling the hot-blast outlet of hot-air blower (7) Aperture；
Grain storage section grain position control unit includes that resistance is outwarded winding pass (61) and No. two delay circuits (64)；Hinder pass (61) of outwarding winding It is arranged on the grain position peak of grain storage section, is used for detecting grain position；Described resistance outward winding pass (61) on-off model output Hold the resistance with PLC (1) to revolve switching value signal input part to be connected；
The three-phase power input end of upper grain motor accesses civil power by the control switch of No. ten A.C. contactors；No. ten exchanges A number control signal input of catalyst control coil and No. ten A.C. contactor control signal outfans of PLC (1) Connect；No. two control signal inputs of No. ten A.C. contactor control coils are by No. two delay circuits and PLC (1) No. ten A.C. contactor control signal outfans connect；
Each drying section cereal temperature and water content detection all include one group of Temperature and Humidity unit (71) with control unit, This group Temperature and Humidity unit all includes a dryer section temperature sensor and a dryer section humidity sensor, dryer section Temperature sensor is for detecting the temperature of drying section；Dryer section humidity sensor is used for detecting drying section humidity；
The signal output part of dryer section temperature sensor is connected with a road dryer section temperature signal input of logging (8)； The moisture signal outfan of dryer section humidity sensor is connected with a road dryer section moisture signal input of logging (8)；
Each drying section steam drain exhaust steam epidemic disaster includes one group of dryer section row with the Detection & Controling unit of steam discharge wind speed Steam ports detector unit (81), this group dryer section detector unit all includes that an exhaust steam temperature sensor, an exhaust steam are wet Degree sensor and a dry air velocity transducer, exhaust steam temperature sensor is for detecting the temperature of drying section steam drain；Weary Vapour humidity sensor is for detecting the humidity of drying section steam drain；Exhaust steam air velocity transducer is used for detecting drying section steam drain Wind speed；
The signal output part of exhaust steam temperature sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam temperature signal input of logging (8)；Weary The signal output part of vapour humidity sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam moisture signal input of logging (8)；Exhaust steam wind speed The signal output part of sensor is connected with a road exhaust steam wind velocity signal input of logging (8)；
Cooling section cereal temperature Detection & Controling unit includes cooling section temperature sensor (101) and cooling blower converter (102)；
The three-phase power input end of cooling blower (16) accesses civil power by cooling blower converter (102)；
Cooling section temperature sensor (101) is arranged at cooling section, is used for detecting cooling section cereal temperature, described cooling The signal output part of section temperature sensor (101) is connected with the cooling section temperature signal input of logging (8)；
The logging signal output part of described logging (8) is connected with the logging signal input part of PLC (1)；
The cooling blower frequency variation signal outfan of PLC (1) is defeated with the frequency change control signal of cooling blower converter (102) Enter end to connect；
Drying tower row's grain part grain measurement of moisture content includes two online grain moisture content detection instrument (91) with control unit With row's grain converter (9)；Described two online grain moisture content detection instrument (91) are used to detection row's grain motor (10) The moisture of interior grain；
Row's grain motor (10) accesses civil power by row's grain converter (9)；The frequency conversion control of described row's grain converter (9) Signal input part processed is connected with the frequency change control signal outfan of PLC (1).
2. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that burner hearth temperature Degree sensor (21) uses diamond spar temperature sensor to realize.
3. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that probe tube (31) one section of DN20 pipeline is used to realize.
4. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that logging (8) duplex communication is realized by 485 buses with PLC (1).
5. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that it also wraps Include the printer signal of printer (13), the printer signal input of described printer (13) and computer (2) Outfan connects.
6. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that it also wraps Include wireless communication module (14) and smart mobile phone (15), the wireless signal input of described wireless communication module (14) Or outfan exports with the wireless signal of computer (2) or input is connected, smart mobile phone (15) and radio communication mold Radio communication between block (14).
7. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that PLC (1) Be model be the central processing unit of 6ES7-200.
8. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that online Grain moisture content detection instrument (91) be model be the online grain moisture content detection instrument of LDS-3H.
9. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that logging (8) be model be the logging of TD200-A32BS2V0T4.
10. require the grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system described in 1 according to claim, it is characterised in that exhaust steam Air velocity transducer be model be the exhaust steam air velocity transducer of Gs20.
CN201510163269.6A 2015-04-08 2015-04-08 Grain drying tower intelligent energy-saving control system Active CN104729276B (en)

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CN105300089B (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-30 山东农业大学 A kind of crop dryer blanking amount detecting device based on ARM
CN105532863A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-04 哈尔滨东宇农业工程机械有限公司 Continuous autocontrol cereal drying tower
CN106094678A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-09 河南皓佳农业开发有限公司 A kind of intelligence corn production automation monitoring system
CN106125660A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-11-16 黑龙江北谷创新科技发展有限公司 The control system of grain heat-drying and drying control method thereof
CN107166938B (en) * 2017-05-16 2020-07-31 安徽辰宇机械科技有限公司 Material drying method, device and system
CN110715544A (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-01-21 中核沽源铀业有限责任公司 Tunnel type microwave dryer distributing device
CN113280610B (en) * 2021-05-31 2022-06-07 安徽华谷机械科技有限公司 Grain drying-machine of gradient dehydration

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JP4178494B2 (en) * 2000-03-09 2008-11-12 株式会社サタケ Grain drying equipment
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