CN107788110A - A kind of method for drying cereal and system - Google Patents
A kind of method for drying cereal and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107788110A CN107788110A CN201711183573.2A CN201711183573A CN107788110A CN 107788110 A CN107788110 A CN 107788110A CN 201711183573 A CN201711183573 A CN 201711183573A CN 107788110 A CN107788110 A CN 107788110A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention, which provides a kind of method for drying cereal and system, this method, to be included：Heat caused by the infrared radiant material absorption burner on radiative cylinder surface, infrared radiation drying is carried out to the cereal of radiant section；Using waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation, the convective drying that combined type convection section carries out cereal is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air of main hot-flow flue.Present invention incorporates the characteristics of infra-red radiation and hot air convection combined drying, using caused waste gas after infrared radiation drying, the convective drying that combined type convection section carries out cereal is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air of main hot-flow flue, reaches energy-efficient effect；The combined type convection section of drying machine uses Combination Design technique, can disassemble, change, and realizes concurrent drying, concurrent-countercurrent drying or mixed flow drying respectively by way of replacing combined type convection section；Dried using infra-red radiation and hot air convection combined heat, rate of drying of the cereal in drying machine faster, the better quality after grain dry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture grain dry technical field, more particularly to a kind of method for drying cereal and system.
Background technology
Drying is an important process in agricultural modernization production, and the cereal moisture percentage just harvested is general all higher,
Needing to be dried to safe aqueous rate as early as possible to be stored, and otherwise will be caused damage because of germination etc. of going mouldy.And China is annual
Production cereal breaks through 600,000,000 tons, and the cereal that there are about 20% every year needs drying badly, due to drying not in time or drying less than safe moisture
Caused loss just accounts for the 5% of annual production.
, there is the different drying machine of 1000 Multiple Types in about 500 drying machine producers of China at present, with continous way, follows
Based on the drying machine of ring type, there are the diversified forms such as following current, mixed flow, concurrent-countercurrent.For traditional crop dryer, adopt mostly
Or mechanical air drying methods, this drying means have drying time length, high energy consumption, the thermal efficiency is using low, very
The quality being difficult to ensure after card grain dry.Such as the waste gas that following current or countercurrent flow drying system are only discharged just takes away about 20% or so
Heat energy.Fallen behind using the drying machine furnace binding of heated-air drying mode, it is many to build formula heat exchanger seal and heat insulating ability difference etc. by laying bricks or stones
Factor makes the efficiency of hot-blast stove have a greatly reduced quality, or even many drying equipments do not have any type of Insulation, blower housing
Directly it is exposed in air etc. equipment, for its internal hot blast temperature at 80 DEG C~150 DEG C, internal-external temperature difference causes metal surface to big
Gas distributes substantial amounts of heat energy.In addition, in addition to the heat loss of hothouse, the high-temperature flue gas that hot-blast stove excludes can also take away about 15%
The heat energy of left and right, these waste gas and flue gas are directly discharged into air, have not only been polluted environment but also have lost heat energy.
In addition, the deficiency of crop dryer generally existing automation at present, measurement of water-content coefficient rely on manual sampling, lack and concentrate
Detection ＆ Controling.
Combined by the ministries and commissions of the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture etc. 13 and issued《Agricultural and cereal science and technology development planning (2009-2020
Year)》, industry energy-saving emission reduction will be dried as key content.According to incompletely statistics, China's crop dryer more than 90% makes of coal
Thermal source, so thermal source is single and does not have tail gas treatment device more, carbon dioxide caused by coal combustion, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide,
Dust etc. is directly discharged to air, and environmental pollution is serious.At present lot of domestic and international scholar in terms of infrared radiation drying
Correlative study is carried out, such as domestic scholars Wang likes ripple, Jiao Shilong, Wang Fang, Luo Jianyi etc., foreign scholar T.M.Afzal＆
T.Abe, DasI, MuhmmedHussainRiadh etc..The similar drying machine of domestic production has the circulating far infrared long of Shanghai three
Far infrared drying machine that drying machine, gold agricultural machinery (Wuxi) Co., Ltd produce etc..Research is substantially simple infrared at present
Radiant drying, but cereal exceedes certain thickness, infra-red radiation is difficult to pass through, and heat is higher caused by infrared radiation drying
Waste gas be expelled directly out, heat is not utilized effectively.
The content of the invention
The present invention is the drawbacks described above for solving prior art, there is provided a kind of method for drying cereal and system.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method for drying cereal, including：
Heat caused by the infrared radiant material absorption burner on radiative cylinder surface, infrared spoke is carried out to the cereal of radiant section
Penetrate；
Using waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation, combined type convection section is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air of main hot-flow flue and is entered
The convective drying of row cereal.
Wherein, the combined type convection section passes through by way of replacing the structure of combined type convection section points according to process requirements
Xing Cheng not concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.Preferably, the combined type convection section includes gold
The rectangle box body that category plate surrounds, the rectangle box body side are connected with main hot-flow flue, and opposite side is provided with exhaust air chamber, the length
Array is disposed with the air intake angle box and air-out angle box of multiple pentagonal cross sections surrounded by metallic plate from top to bottom in quadrangle box；
The combined type convection section is combination cordwood structure, is Bu Tong distinguished according to the spread pattern of air intake angle box and air-out angle box
Form concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of grain drying system, and the grain drying system includes drying machine, described
Drying machine sets gradually grain storage section, combined type convection section, radiant section and grain discharging section from top to bottom；
The radiant section is provided with radiative cylinder and burner, and the radiative cylinder surface scribbles infrared radiant material；The combination
Formula convection section connects main hot-flow flue, and the radiant section side is provided with radiant section waste gas air channel, the radiant section waste gas air channel and master
Hot-flow flue is connected；
The grain storage section and grain discharging section are respectively used to place and transport cereal；
The radiant section is used for, heat caused by the infrared radiant material absorption burner on radiative cylinder surface, to radiant section
Cereal carry out infra-red radiation；
The combined type convection section is used for, and waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation flows into main heat by radiant section waste gas air channel
Air channel, the convective drying that combined type convection section carries out cereal is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air in main hot-flow flue；
Wherein, the combined type convection section passes through by way of replacing the structure of combined type convection section points according to process requirements
Xing Cheng not concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
Preferably, the grain drying system also includes wet granary and gulch storehouse；
The wet granary side sets the first elevator, the first belt feeder that the first elevator upper end is set and wet paddy
Silo roof end entrance connects, and the wet granary opposite side sets the second elevator, the lower end of second elevator and wet granary bottom
The second belt feeder connection at end；The top that the 3rd belt feeder that the second elevator upper end is set connects the drying machine enters
Mouthful；4th belt feeder of the drying machine bottom connects the 3rd elevator, and the 3rd elevator upper end is provided with the 5th belt feeder,
Described 5th belt feeder one end connects the top inlet of the drying machine, and the other end connects the top inlet in the gulch storehouse.
Preferably, the side of the combined type convection section is provided with exhaust air chamber, the discarded indoor configuration waste gas treatment equipment,
The waste gas treatment equipment is connected with waste gas air channel.
Preferably, the rectangle box body that the combined type convection section surrounds including metallic plate, the one of the rectangle box body
Side is connected with main hot-flow flue, and opposite side is provided with exhaust air chamber, in the rectangular box body from top to bottom array be disposed with it is multiple by gold
The air intake angle box and air-out angle box for the pentagonal cross section that category plate surrounds；The combined type convection section is combination cordwood structure, root
According to the spread pattern of air intake angle box with air-out angle box difference formed respectively concurrent drying structure or concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or
Mixed flow drying structure.
Preferably, the combined type convection section is concurrent drying mechanism, and two row's staggered rows are provided with the rectangular box body
The angle box of row, wherein, first row is air intake angle box, and second row is air-out angle box.
Preferably, the combined type convection section is concurrent-countercurrent drier, is interlocked in the rectangular box body provided with three rows
The angle box of arrangement, wherein, first row is air intake angle box, and second row is air-out angle box, and the 3rd row is air intake angle box.
Preferably, the combined type convection section is mixed flow drying mechanism, and four row's staggered rows are provided with the rectangular box body
The angle box of row, wherein, first row and the 3rd row are air intake angle box, and second row and the 4th row are air-out angle box.
Preferably, the grain drying system also includes detection control apparatus, the detection control apparatus include computer,
PLC, moisture tester, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and air velocity transducer；
The moisture tester is used for the moisture content for measuring cereal, and temperature sensor is used to measure cereal temperature in drying machine
Degree, hot air temperature, EGT and environment temperature, and sent after PLC is gathered to computer；The humidity sensor is used for
The detection of ambient humidity and waste gas humidity, the air velocity transducer predominantly detect main hot-flow flue wind speed, infrared waste gas wind speed and done
Waste gas wind speed after dry；The PLC is the master controller of combined grain drying system, for gathering cereal moisture percentage data, temperature
Degree, humidity and air speed data, send to computer and touch-screen and are stored and shown, and realize the automatic control of drying system
System；The computer and touch-screen are used to storing and showing cereal moisture percentage data, temperature, humidity and air speed data.
Method for drying cereal provided by the invention and system, combined type convection section use Combination Design technique, can disassemble,
Change, realize that concurrent drying, concurrent-countercurrent be dry or mixed flow drying respectively by way of replacing combined type convection section, and with radiation
The radiant drying of section is combined, and cereal is dried；Present invention incorporates infrared radiation drying and hot air convection combined heat to dry
The advantages of, infrared radiation drying promotes moisture to be shifted to top layer using its high temperature inside cereal, and hot air convective drying will spread
Moisture to cereal top layer is taken away.Using waste gas caused by infra-red radiation, combined with being flowed into after the cold air mixing of main hot-flow flue
Formula convection section carries out the convective drying of cereal, reaches energy-efficient effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is according to method for drying cereal schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to drying machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is according to grain drying system structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the combined type convection section parallel flow configuration schematic diagram according to drying machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the combined type convection section concurrent-countercurrent structural representation according to drying machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the mixed-flow structure schematic diagram according to the combined type convection section of drying machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
In figure, 1. first elevators；2. wet granary；3. the first belt feeder；4. the second elevator；5. the 3rd belt feeder；6.
5th belt feeder；7. gulch storehouse；8 the 3rd elevators；9. the 4th belt feeder；10. drying machine；11. the second belt feeder；12. grain storage
Section；13. combined type convection section；14. radiant section；15. grain discharging section；16. exhaust air chamber；17. burner；18. waste gas air channel；19. master
Hot-flow flue；20. cold air；21. electrically operated valve；22. radiant section waste gas air channel；23. air intake angle box；24. air-out angle box；25. spoke
Shooting cylinder；26. grain discharging wheel.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is explicitly described, it is clear that described embodiment be the present invention
Part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is according to method for drying cereal schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is to be implemented according to the present invention
The structural representation for the drying machine that example provides, referring to Figures 1 and 2, this method includes：
Step 101, heat caused by the infrared radiant material absorption burner 17 on the surface of radiative cylinder 25, to radiant section 14
Cereal carries out infrared radiation drying；Step 102, waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation is flowed into by radiant section waste gas air channel 22 and led
Hot-flow flue 19, the cold air 20 with being passed through main hot-flow flue 19 flowed into after mixing combined type convection section 13 carry out cereal to draining off
It is dry.Wherein, the combined type convection section 13 is according to process requirements, distinguishing by way of replacing the structure of combined type convection section 13
Form concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
Method for drying cereal provided in an embodiment of the present invention, combine infrared radiation drying and done with hot air convection combined heat
The advantages of dry, infrared radiation drying promote moisture to be shifted to top layer using its high temperature inside cereal, and hot air convective drying will expand
The moisture for being scattered to cereal top layer is taken away.Using waste gas caused by infra-red radiation, inflow group after being mixed with the cold air of main hot-flow flue
Box-like convection section carries out the convective drying of cereal, reaches energy-efficient effect.
Wherein, in step 101, heat caused by infrared radiant material absorption burner 17, the cereal of radiant section 14 is entered
Row infra-red radiation.
Specifically, radiative cylinder surface scribbles the infrared radiant material that radiation blackness is more than 0.95, and infrared radiant material can
Heat caused by the burning generation flue gas of absorption burner 17, infrared radiation drying is carried out to the cereal of radiant section 14.Infra-red radiation
Drying is one of new direction of grain dry development.Intermediate medium need not be heated during infrared radiation drying, heat directly penetrates into
To inside material, can make to be heated evenly inside material, have that product drying quality is high, production efficiency is high, rate of drying is fast and
The advantages that saving the energy, in addition, also easily being combined with other drying modes, equipment investment is low, multipurpose and temperature are easy to control
The features such as processed.It is a kind of energy-conservation, efficient dry technology.
Step 102, waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation flows into main hot-flow flue 19 by radiant section waste gas air channel 22, with leading to
The convective drying that combined type convection section 13 carries out cereal is flowed into after becoming owner of the mixing of cold air 20 of hot-flow flue 19.Wherein, combined type
Convection section 13 according to process requirements, formed respectively by way of replacing the structure of combined type convection section 13 concurrent drying structure,
Concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
Convective drying is the steam produced by removing wet stock as thermal source by the use of hot gas in wet stock drying process
Drying means is collectively referred to as convective drying.It is a kind of most widely used drying means.The present invention utilizes height caused by infra-red radiation
Heat waste gas, the cold air 20 with being passed through main hot-flow flue 19 mix the convective drying for carrying out cereal, improve energy utilization rate.
Combined type convection section 13 includes the rectangle box body that metallic plate surrounds, the rectangle box body side and main hot-flow flue
Connection, opposite side are provided with exhaust air chamber, in the rectangular box body from top to bottom array be disposed with it is multiple surrounded by metallic plate five
The air intake angle box and air-out angle box of angle section；The combined type convection section 13 is combination cordwood structure, according to the air intake
The spread pattern of angle box and air-out angle box difference forms concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying knot respectively
Structure.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the combined type convection section 13 includes the rectangle box body that metallic plate surrounds, institute
The side for stating rectangle box body is connected with main hot-flow flue 19, and opposite side is provided with exhaust air chamber 16, in the rectangular box body from upper and
Under be staggered have array arrange several pentagonal cross sections surrounded by metallic plate air intake angle box 23 and air-out angle box 24；
The combined type convection section 13 is differently formed following current according to the spread pattern of top-down air intake angle box 23 and air-out angle box 24
Drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure, as needed, by the structure shape for replacing combined type convection section 13
Formula forms concurrent drying, concurrent-countercurrent drying or mixed flow drying respectively.In the embodiment of the present invention, combined type convection section 13 is using combination
Design technology, the drying process of following current, concurrent-countercurrent or mixed flow can be used according to process requirements.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, methods described also includes：
The real-time moisture content of cereal of the entrance of drying machine 10 and outlet is gathered in real time using moisture tester, when cereal contains in real time
Water rate reaches default moisture content, and cereal is sent into gulch storehouse.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the fuel in the burner 17 is diesel oil, natural gas or coal gas.The present invention
Infra-red radiation and convective drying embodiment using diesel oil, natural gas or coal gas as thermal source, with hot blast of the routine using coal as thermal source
Drying mode is compared, and reduces the pollution to environment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to drying machine 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 the drying machine
10 set gradually grain storage section 12, combined type convection section 13, radiant section 14 and grain discharging section 15 from top to bottom；
The radiant section 14 sets radiative cylinder 25 and burner 17, the surface of radiative cylinder 25 to scribble infrared radiant material；
The combined type convection section 13 connects main hot-flow flue 19, and the radiant section 14 sets radiant section waste gas air channel 22, radiant section waste gas
Air channel 22 is connected with the main side of hot-flow flue 19；
The grain storage section 12 and grain discharging section 15 are used to placing and transporting cereal；
The radiant section 14 is used for, heat caused by infrared radiant material absorption burner 17, to the cereal of radiant section 14
Carry out infra-red radiation；
The combined type convection section 13 is used for, and waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation is flowed into by radiant section waste gas air channel 22
Main hot-flow flue 19, the convection current that combined type convection section 13 carries out cereal is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air 20 being passed through in main hot-flow flue 19
Dry.
Specifically, reference picture 2, radiative cylinder 25 is set in the radiant section 14 of drying machine 10, thermal source is set in radiative cylinder 25, this
In embodiment, by 4 burners 17 burn caused by high-temperature flue gas heating radiation cylinder 25, it is black that the surface of radiative cylinder 25 scribbles radiation
Infrared radiant material of the degree more than 0.95, infrared radiant material can absorb heat caused by the flue gas of radiative cylinder 25, to radiant section
14 cereal carries out infrared radiation drying.In addition, radiant section 14 sets radiant section waste gas air channel 22, radiant section waste gas air channel 22 with
The main side of hot-flow flue 19 connection.Using the waste gas residual heat after infrared radiation drying appropriate cold air 20 is mixed into main hot-flow flue 19
Afterwards, it is passed through the convective drying that combined type convection section 13 carries out cereal.Cereal enters on drying machine 10 after end entrance, respectively by storage
Grain section 12, combined type convection section 13 and radiant section 14, and convective drying is carried out successively in combined type convection section 13 and radiant section 14
With infrared radiation drying, grain discharging section 15 is finally entered.
Grain drying system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, combine infrared radiation drying and done with hot air convection combined heat
The advantages of dry, infrared radiation drying promote moisture to be shifted to top layer using its high temperature inside cereal, and hot air convective drying will expand
The moisture for being scattered to cereal top layer is taken away.Using waste gas caused by infra-red radiation, the cold air with being passed through main hot-flow flue flows after mixing
Enter the convective drying that combined type convection section carries out cereal, reach energy-efficient effect.The present invention is with diesel oil, natural gas or coal gas
For thermal source, in a manner of heated-air drying of the routine by coal for thermal source compared with, the pollution to environment is lacked.Using infra-red radiation and hot blast pair
Flow combined heat dry, with conventional hot blast dry compared with, rate of drying of the cereal in drying machine faster, the matter after grain dry
Amount is more preferable.
Fig. 3 is to be done according to grain drying system structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, reference picture 3, the cereal
Drying system also includes wet granary 2 and gulch storehouse 7；The side of wet granary 2 sets the first elevator 1, on first elevator 1
The first belt feeder 3 that end is set is connected with wet granary top inlet, and the wet opposite side of granary 2 sets the second elevator 4, described
The lower end of second elevator 4 is connected with the second belt feeder 11 of the wet bottom of granary 2；The upper end of second elevator 4 set the
Three belt feeders 5 connect the top inlet of the drying machine 10；The lifting of the 4th belt feeder 9 connection the 3rd of the bottom of drying machine 10
Machine 8, one end of the 5th belt feeder 6 that the upper end of the 3rd elevator 8 is set connect the top inlet of the drying machine 10, the other end
Connect the top inlet in the gulch storehouse.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, grain drying system also includes wet granary 2 and gulch storehouse 7, respectively positioned at drying machine 10
Both sides.When system works, wet cereal is sent to by wet granary 2 by the first elevator 1 and the first belt feeder 3, then wet paddy
Cereal delivers to drying machine 10 by the second belt feeder 11, the second elevator 4 and the 3rd belt feeder 5 in storehouse 2, when paddy in drying machine 10
Thing reaches material position on drying machine, wherein upper material position is the upper limit position of drying machine 10, upper material position sends alarm, then drying machine 10 is opened
Process is dried in beginning, and cereal is sent cereal by the 5th belt feeder 6 of the 4th belt feeder 9, the 3rd elevator 8 and reversion again
Enter drying machine 10, carry out the cyclic drying of cereal according to this.When detecting that cereal moisture percentage is reduced to default moisture content, then by
Cereal is sent into gulch storehouse by the 5th belt feeder 6 of four belt feeders 9, the 3rd elevator 8 and rotating forward.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the side of the combined type convection section 13 is provided with exhaust air chamber 16, described discarded
Waste gas treatment equipment is configured in room and is connected with waste gas air channel 18.Exhaust air chamber 16 is used for the air-out angle box 24 of combined type convection section 13
The drying waste gas of discharge is discharged into waste gas air channel 18, then is discharged into from waste gas air channel 18 in air.
Specifically, waste gas treatment equipment, it is primarily referred to as using different process technology, by reclaiming or removing, reduce discharge
The harmful components of tail gas, reach environmental protection, purify a kind of environmental protection equipment of air, the environment of let us is not contaminated.Institute
State waste gas caused by infra-red radiation and main hot-flow flue 19 is flowed into by radiant section waste gas air channel 22, the cold sky with being passed through main hot-flow flue 19
Gas 20 flows into the convective drying that combined type convection section 13 carries out cereal after mixing, after the completion of convective drying, remainder of exhaust gas enters group
In the exhaust air chamber 16 of box-like convection section 13, after the waste gas treatment equipment in exhaust air chamber 16 completes exhaust-gas treatment, waste gas air channel is discharged into
In 18, then it is discharged into from waste gas air channel 18 in air.The present embodiment is provided with exhaust air chamber 16 in the side of combined type convection section 13, gives up
Abandon and waste gas treatment equipment is configured in room, complete exhaust-gas treatment, avoid environmental pollution.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the combined type convection section 13 includes the rectangle box body that metallic plate surrounds,
The rectangle box body side is connected with main hot-flow flue 19, and opposite side is provided with exhaust air chamber 16, in the rectangular box body from upper and
Under be staggered the air intake angle box 23 provided with several pentagonal cross sections surrounded by metallic plate for thering is array to arrange and air-out angle
Box 24.
Specifically, the overall structure of drying machine 10 is building block system, conveniently disassembles, changes.The basis of combined type convection section 13
Air intake hands over the spread pattern of box and air-out angle box to be differently formed concurrent drying structure or concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying knot
Structure, as needed, the structure type by replacing combined type convection section 13 forms concurrent drying respectively or concurrent-countercurrent is dry or mixed
Flow drying.The steel plate thickness of main hot-flow flue 19 of drying machine 10 is not less than 1.5mm, and combined type convection section 13 is set and main hot-flow flue 19
The angle box of connection.The main entrance of hot-flow flue 19 sets electrically operated valve 21.In the present embodiment, the parameter list of grain drying system such as table
Shown in 1.
The grain drying system parameter list of table 1
Fig. 4 is the parallel flow configuration schematic diagram of combined type convection section 13 according to drying machine 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is joined
According to Fig. 4, when combined type convection section 13 is concurrent drying mechanism, the staggered angle of two rows is provided with the rectangular box body
Box, first row are air intake angle box 23, and second row is air-out angle box 24.
Fig. 5 is the combined type convection section concurrent-countercurrent structural representation according to drying machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Reference
Fig. 5, combined type convection section 13 are concurrent-countercurrent drier, and the staggered angle box of three rows, first row are provided with rectangular box body
For air intake angle box 23, second row is air-out angle box 24, and the 3rd row is air intake angle box 23.
Fig. 6 is the combined type convection section mixed-flow structure schematic diagram according to drying machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Reference picture
6, it is provided with the staggered angle box of four rows when combined type convection section 13 is mixed flow drying mechanism, in rectangular box body, first and third
It is air-out angle box 24 to arrange as air intake angle box 23, second, four rows.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the grain drying system also includes detection control apparatus, the detection control
Device processed includes computer, PLC, moisture tester, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air velocity transducer；The moisture is surveyed
Examination instrument is used for the moisture content for measuring cereal, and temperature sensor is used to measure grain temperature, hot air temperature, waste gas in drying machine 10
Temperature and environment temperature, and sent after PLC is gathered to computer；The humidity sensor is used for ambient humidity and waste gas humidity
Detection, the air velocity transducer predominantly detect the main wind speed of hot-flow flue 19, infrared waste gas wind speed and dry after waste gas wind speed；It is described
PLC is the master controller of combined grain drying system, for gathering cereal moisture percentage data, temperature, humidity and air speed data,
Transmission is stored and shown to computer and touch-screen, and realizes automatically controlling for drying system；The computer and touch
Shield the data for storing and showing the sensor detection, operating personnel are by the man-machine interface of design to grain drying system
It is controlled.
Specifically, the grain drying system also includes detection control apparatus, the detection control apparatus include computer,
PLC, moisture tester, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air velocity transducer, grain drying system also include each equipment electricity
Mechanical, electrical movable valve 21 and row's grain motor etc.；The moisture tester, which is used to measuring cereal, to be entered machine and to go out machine moisture content data, by
PLC realizes collection and conversion；The temperature sensor includes being arranged on combined type convection section 13 and radiant section 14 in drying machine 10
Grain temperature detection sensor, hot blast temperature sensor, EGT and environment temperature sensor afterwards；The humidity sensor is used for
The detection of ambient humidity and waste gas humidity；The air velocity transducer predominantly detect the main wind speed of hot-flow flue 19, infrared waste gas wind speed and
Waste gas wind speed after drying；The data of all the sensor detections are gathered by PLC I/O modules and conversion；Each equipment electricity
Owner will include grain elevator, cereal belt conveyor and heat supply blower fan, dedusting fan, oil oven motor, and be entered by PLC
Row start-up and shut-down control.
Further, electrically operated valve 21 can be controlled its aperture size by PLC, and adjustment is passed through the cold air 20 of main hot-flow flue 19
Amount, with infrared radiation drying caused by waste gas residual heat realize the hot blast temperature of combined type convection section 13 after main hot-flow flue 19 mixes
Control；Row's grain motor is VFC, and equipment running frequency can manually and automatically be controlled between 0~50Hz by PLC；
The PLC is the master controller of combined grain drying system, for gathering cereal moisture percentage data, temperature, humidity and wind speed
Data, through ethernet communication, send to computer and touch-screen and stored and shown, and realize the automatic control of drying system
System；The computer and touch-screen are used for the data for storing and showing the sensor detection, the people that operating personnel pass through design
Machine interface is controlled to grain drying system, and the man-machine interface of the computer and touch-screen mainly includes main interface, start and stop
Control interface, in real time monitoring, running status interface, manual control interface, historical record and alert interface.Operating personnel are by setting
The man-machine interface of meter is controlled to grain drying system, such as to 3 elevators, 5 belt feeders, row's grain motor, dedusting wind
The control of machine and electrically operated valve 21.
The detection control apparatus of grain drying system is carried out real to each monitoring information in Grain Drying Process in the present embodiment
When gather, realize long-distance centralized control using PLC and computer, man-computer interface is friendly, easy to operate.Solve at present
Crop dryer generally existing automation deficiency, measurement of water-content coefficient rely on manual sampling, lack the problem of centralized detecting is with control.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the moisture tester is specifically used for detection drying machine 10 and enters machine and go out machine paddy
Water content of matter and temperature, moisture content error are ± 0.2%, and the moisture content and temperature signal are realized by the PLC and changed；
Accordingly, the PLC is used to being converted to the real-time moisture content of the cereal and temperature signal into recognizable numeral letter
Number, if PLC judges to know the not up to default moisture content of the real-time moisture content of the cereal, cereal is controlled from drying machine 10
Lower end outlet reenters the entrance of drying machine 10 by the 4th belt feeder, the 3rd elevator and the 5th belt feeder of reversion,
Carry out the cyclic drying of cereal.If judgement knows that the real-time moisture content of the cereal reaches default moisture content, burner 17 is closed
Or hot-blast stove, control cereal is by the 4th belt feeder, the 3rd elevator and the 5th belt feeder of rotating forward under drying machine 10
Bring out mouth and be sent into gulch storehouse entrance, so far, cyclic drying terminates.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the temperature sensor is specifically used for, and detects combined type pair in drying machine 10
Flow grain temperature, radiative cylinder temperature, hot blast temperature and the EGT after section 13 and radiant section 14, its temperature detected in real time letter
Number by PLC realize collection and conversion；
Accordingly, the PLC is additionally operable to, and the temperature signal is converted to recognizable data signal, through ether Netcom
Letter is sent to computer and touch-screen, so as to realize grain temperature in drying process, EGT, radiative cylinder temperature, hot blast temperature
The Centralizing inspection of degree and control.
In a preferred embodiment, the process of grain drying system progress grain dry is as follows：
(1) as shown in Fig. 2 cereal is sent into wet granary 2 by the first elevator 1 and the first belt feeder 3；
(2) cereal of wet granary 2 is sent into drying machine by the second belt feeder 11, the second elevator 4 and the 3rd belt feeder 5
10；
(3) cereal in machine 10 to be dried is stacked into up to upper limit position, opens radiative cylinder 25 and burner 17, radiative cylinder 25
The infrared radiant material on surface can absorption burner 17 burning generation flue gas caused by heat radiant section 14 is carried out it is infrared
Radiation, high heat waste gas caused by infra-red radiation, the cold air 20 with being passed through main hot-flow flue 19 flow into combined type convection current after mixing
Section 13, adjusts the size of the electrically operated valve 21 of main 19 mouthfuls of hot-flow flue, and enter from main hot-flow flue 19 using temperature sensor monitors
The temperature of the hot blast of combined type convection section 13, when hot blast temperature reaches preset temperature, the grain discharging wheel 26 of drying machine 10 starts to rotate,
Cereal is entered by the grain outlet of the lower end of drying machine 10 by the 5th belt feeder 6 of the 4th belt feeder 9, the 3rd elevator 8 and reversion
The entrance of drying machine 10, respectively by grain storage section 12, combined type convection section 13 and radiant section 14, and in combined type convection section 13 and spoke
Penetrate section 14 and carry out convective drying and infrared radiation drying successively, realize that cereal circulates drying in drying machine 10；
(4) moisture tester detects the entrance cereal of drying machine 10 and outlet cereal moisture percentage in real time, when cereal is aqueous in real time
When rate reduction reaches default moisture content, then radiative cylinder 25 is closed, control cereal passes through the 4th belt in outlet from the lower end of drying machine 10
Machine 9, the 3rd elevator 8 and the 5th belt feeder 6 are sent into gulch storehouse 7, and drying process terminates.
Method for drying cereal provided by the invention and system, combined type convection section use Combination Design technique, can disassemble,
Change, realize that concurrent drying, concurrent-countercurrent be dry or mixed flow drying respectively by way of replacing combined type convection section, and with radiation
The radiant drying of section is combined, and cereal is dried；Present invention incorporates infrared radiation drying and hot air convection combined heat to dry
The advantages of, infrared radiation drying promotes moisture to be shifted to top layer using its high temperature inside cereal, and hot air convective drying will spread
Moisture to cereal top layer is taken away.Using waste gas caused by infra-red radiation, the cold air with being passed through main hot-flow flue flows into after mixing
Combined type convection section carries out the convective drying of cereal, reaches energy-efficient effect.The present invention using diesel oil, natural gas or coal gas as
Thermal source, in a manner of heated-air drying of the routine by coal for thermal source compared with, the pollution to environment is lacked.Using infrared radiation drying and hot blast
Convection current combined heat dry, with conventional hot blast dry compared with, rate of drying of the cereal in drying machine faster, after grain dry
Better quality.
It should be noted that herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms are used merely to a reality
Body or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply and deposited between these entities or operation
In any this actual relation or order.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to
Nonexcludability includes, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only will including those
Element, but also the other element including being not expressly set out, or it is this process, method, article or equipment also to include
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Other identical element also be present in process, method, article or equipment including the key element.Term " on ", " under " etc. refers to
The orientation or position relationship shown is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies
Description, rather than the device or element of instruction or hint meaning must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and behaviour
Make, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ",
" connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can be
Mechanically connect or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be two
The connection of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this as the case may be
Concrete meaning in invention.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can
It is enough that technical scheme described in foregoing individual embodiments is modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from each embodiment technical scheme of the present invention
Spirit and scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method for drying cereal, it is characterised in that including：Heat caused by the infrared radiant material absorption burner on radiative cylinder surface, infra-red radiation is carried out to the cereal of radiant section；Using waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation, combined type convection section is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air of main hot-flow flue and carries out paddy The convective drying of thing；Wherein, the combined type convection section is according to process requirements, distinguishing shape by way of replacing the structure of combined type convection section Into concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
- 2. method for drying cereal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combined type convection section encloses including metallic plate Into rectangle box body, the rectangle box body side is connected with main hot-flow flue, and opposite side is provided with exhaust air chamber, the rectangular box Array is disposed with the air intake angle box and air-out angle box of multiple pentagonal cross sections surrounded by metallic plate from top to bottom in vivo；Described group Box-like convection section is combination cordwood structure, is difference formed respectively according to the spread pattern of air intake angle box with air-out angle box suitable Flow drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
- A kind of 3. grain drying system, it is characterised in that the grain drying system includes drying machine, the drying machine on to Under set gradually grain storage section, combined type convection section, radiant section and grain discharging section；The radiant section is provided with radiative cylinder and burner, and the radiative cylinder surface scribbles infrared radiant material；The combined type pair Flow section and connect main hot-flow flue, the radiant section side is provided with radiant section waste gas air channel, the radiant section waste gas air channel and main hot blast Road is connected；The grain storage section and grain discharging section are respectively used to place and transport cereal；The radiant section is used for, heat caused by the infrared radiant material absorption burner on radiative cylinder surface, to the paddy of radiant section Thing carries out infra-red radiation；The combined type convection section is used for, and waste gas caused by the infra-red radiation flows into main hot blast by radiant section waste gas air channel Road, the convective drying that combined type convection section carries out cereal is flowed into after being mixed with the cold air in main hot-flow flue；Wherein, the combined type convection section is according to process requirements, distinguishing shape by way of replacing the structure of combined type convection section Into concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure.
- 4. grain drying system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the grain drying system also includes wet granary With gulch storehouse；The wet granary side sets the first elevator, the first belt feeder that the first elevator upper end is set and wet granary top End entrance connects, and the wet granary opposite side sets the second elevator, the lower end of second elevator and wet granary bottom Second belt feeder connects；The 3rd belt feeder that the second elevator upper end is set connects the top inlet of the drying machine；Institute The 4th belt feeder for stating drying machine bottom connects the 3rd elevator, and the 3rd elevator upper end is provided with the 5th belt feeder, described 5th belt feeder one end connects the top inlet of the drying machine, and the other end connects the top inlet in the gulch storehouse.
- 5. grain drying system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the side of the combined type convection section is provided with useless Air chamber, the discarded indoor configuration waste gas treatment equipment, the waste gas treatment equipment are connected with waste gas air channel.
- 6. grain drying system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the combined type convection section encloses including metallic plate Into rectangle box body, the side of the rectangle box body is connected with main hot-flow flue, and opposite side is provided with exhaust air chamber, the rectangle Array is disposed with the air intake angle box and air-out angle box of multiple pentagonal cross sections surrounded by metallic plate from top to bottom in box body；The combined type convection section is combination cordwood structure, different with the spread pattern of air-out angle box according to air intake angle box Concurrent drying structure, concurrent-countercurrent drying structure or mixed flow drying structure are formed respectively.
- 7. grain drying system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the combined type convection section is downstream dryer Structure, the rectangular box body is interior to be provided with the staggered angle box of two rows, wherein, first row is air intake angle box, and second row is air-out Angle box.
- 8. grain drying system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the combined type convection section is dried for concurrent-countercurrent Mechanism, the rectangular box body is interior to be provided with the staggered angle box of three rows, wherein, first row is air intake angle box, and second row is Wind angle box, the 3rd row are air intake angle box.
- 9. grain drying system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the combined type convection section is concurrent-mixed flow dryer Structure, the staggered angle box of four rows is provided with the rectangular box body, wherein, first row and the 3rd row are air intake angle box, second Row and the 4th row are air-out angle box.
- 10. according to the grain drying system described in claim 3~9 any one, it is characterised in that the grain drying system Also include detection control apparatus, the detection control apparatus includes computer, PLC, moisture tester, temperature sensor, humidity Sensor and air velocity transducer；The moisture tester is used for the moisture content for measuring cereal, and temperature sensor is used to measure cereal temperature in drying machine, heat Air themperature, EGT and environment temperature, and sent after PLC collections to the computer；The humidity sensor For the detection of ambient humidity and waste gas humidity, the air velocity transducer predominantly detects main hot-flow flue wind speed, infrared waste gas wind speed With waste gas wind speed after drying；The PLC is the master controller of combined grain drying system, and the PLC contains for gathering cereal Water rate data, temperature, humidity and air speed data, send to computer and touch-screen and are stored and shown, and realize dry system System automatically controls；The computer and touch-screen are used to storing and showing cereal moisture percentage data, temperature, humidity and wind speed number According to.
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| CN201711183573.2A CN107788110A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | A kind of method for drying cereal and system |
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| CN201711183573.2A CN107788110A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | A kind of method for drying cereal and system |
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