KR100946760B1 - Method for planting a tree on the reclaimed land - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for planting trees on reclaimed land is provided to easily plant trees, and to offer environmentally friendly effects for cultivating the trees by removing salt around the trees and preventing loss of aggregate in a salt removing process. CONSTITUTION: An excavated surface is formed by excavating land on a freshwater stream or small river direction. A tidal channel is formed towards the freshwater stream, the small river or a branch line direction from one side of the excavated surface. A first geo-synthetic fiber layer is formed by applying geo-synthetic fiber on the bottom of a side of the excavated surface. A perforated pipe is built on the first geo-synthetic fiber layer according to an edge of the excavated surface.

Description

Method for planting a tree on the reclaimed land}

The present invention relates to a method of planting trees in reclaimed land.

Due to the topography of Korea, the west coast is thickened with tidal flats towards the inland side. After a certain period of time, the coastal lowlands will be flooded during tsunamis and typhoons.

To prepare for these future changes, tree planting and natural ecological composition are absolutely necessary.

Until now, tree plantings in reclaimed land have been made by using general land soil without decontamination, creating dams and planting salt-resistant trees, ie, pine trees, in the upper layers of the banks to obtain the windbreak effect. As the salt is affected, the growth of the planted tree is slow, and it is not easy to be planted except for Haesong, and its rooting is also poor, and trees fall during typhoons or tsunamis, which are not meeting original expectations.

In addition, some plants are planted in a pollen type without decontamination, but this method is difficult to maintain in dry seasons and strong winds and has limitations in growth, which is not suitable as a method in large reclaimed land.

In addition, it can be planted by large-scale landfills, but osmotic pressure affects the growth of trees, as well as a huge budget in terms of expenses.

As another method, first construct a drainage channel, check the natural water flow, exclude the excavation of the tidal pit to plant the tree, and install a barrier between the tidal flat and the tree to block salt from seeping salt from the bottom or side. Other methods of transporting land from outside are planted, planted on it, and grown like pots. However, these methods have limited plant growth, and the bee doesn't receive oxygen supply, causing the tidal-flats to rot. In addition, as time goes by, the tidal flats are corroded and gas is generated.In addition, when the barrier film is damaged, even if the planted tree dies or dies due to a base, the salt is absorbed by the capillary phenomenon at the base of the tree. Because of this, the activation is impossible, and if the tree is weak to salt will die.

On the other hand, it is a common reaction of farmers that in order to normally bark general rice farming in reclaimed land, it is possible to carry out actual farming activities after a long period of fallow for at least seven years. In general, rice or field crops usually have roots of 30 cm or less, so after some decontamination, the expectation can be confirmed immediately.

However, trees should be planted differently from plants because the root depth also grows according to the growing effort of the tree, so that the roots do not interfere with plant growth for the next 10 years after planting. Special methods should be used selectively.

One embodiment of the present invention is to provide a reclaimed tree planting method that allows the trees planted in reclaimed land to normal growth, and can also help root growth or tree growth.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an easy, environmentally friendly reclaimed land tree planting method for the collective tree planting.

In one embodiment of the present invention by a method of planting trees in adjacent freshwater streams, small rivers or their branches to the reclaimed land, the excavated surface is formed by excavating the reclaimed land in a rhombus form inclined toward the adjacent freshwater streams, small rivers or their branches. And form a slope toward a freshwater stream, a small river, or a branch line from one vertex of the excavation surface, wherein the excavation surface is formed to be inclined so as to have an inclination angle of at least 3 ° based on an adjacent freshwater stream, a small river, or a branch line direction thereof. Step S1; Forming a first geotextile layer by applying geotextiles to the base and side of the excavation surface (S2); Exposing the hole tube along the edge of the excavation surface on the first geosynthetic layer, and excretion of the hole tube in the lattice so as to be connected to it (S3); Step (S4) to form an aggregate layer by laying aggregate on the entire excavation surface and mudflat so as to cover the perforated tube; Applying a geotextile on the aggregate to form a second geotextile layer (S5); Installing land soil in an amount in consideration of the specification of the tree to be planted on the second civil fiber layer and filling the soil to a predetermined size to form a planting part (S6); Filling the remaining excavation surface except the planting portion (S7); It provides a reclaimed land planting method comprising a; (S8) planting 1 to 4 trees to the planting unit.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the excavation surface may be formed so that the diagonal length of the rhombus shape is 150 to 200% with respect to the root of the tree to be planted.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the excavation surface may be formed so that the length of one side is 3 to 3.5m.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the excavation surface may be formed such that the root is exposed so that the depth is planted the tree and at least 50% to the topsoil layer.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the first geotextile layer may be formed so that the thickness is 0.5 to 1mm.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the perforated pipe has a diameter of 50 to 70mm, it can be used having a plurality of holes on the upper surface.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the inlet of the perforated pipe may be provided with a net for preventing the inflow of aggregate.

In the reclaimed wood planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the aggregate layer is a first aggregate layer formed by laying the aggregate of 30 to 40 mm in size 20 to 30 cm, and the aggregate of 70 to 80 mm size It includes a second aggregate layer formed by laying in a thickness of 30 to 40cm.

In the reclaimed land tree planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the aggregate layer comprises 70 to 80 mm by weight of the aggregate of 60 to 70% by weight of the total aggregate, 30 to 40 mm aggregate of the aggregate It may include 30 to 40% by weight.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the second geotextile layer may be formed so that the thickness is 0.5 to 1mm.

In the reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, land soil may use a mixed soil of ocher and masato.

Reclaimed land planting method according to an embodiment of the present invention by structurally preventing the salt in the basement in the reclaimed land so as not to vaporize, so that the planted tree can grow normally, the salt of the layer beneath the tree roots outside By releasing the air to the roots of the trees, it can help root rooting and tree growth, and it is also easy to plant trees, and because it is not a planting method involving decontamination using chemical or biological methods, soil pollution, etc. It is a green way without problems.

This invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is a method of planting trees in reclaimed land, specifically, a method of planting trees in reclaimed land adjacent to freshwater streams, small rivers, or branch lines thereof.

In order to plant trees, the surrounding environment must be established first.

No species can plant a tree in the middle of a vast tidal flat. Once the plan for the use of certain reclaimed lands is confirmed, it is necessary to meet the precondition that freshwater streams, small rivers or large drainage channels are inevitably formed along the road structure according to the overall basic plan. The reason is that it is an infrastructure that can be transported regardless of the size of the tree, and the natural water flow, whether artificial or natural rainwater, is the base of tidal flats by salt water and fresh water from the surrounding trees to be planted through water and drainage. Through this, the decontamination effect can be maximized.

On the other hand, a branch line is needed to flow streams from small streams to create valleys in each branch line so that the bases included in the nearby tidal-flat base can flow downstream. If this branch line is made well, the decontamination effect can be increased. have. In particular, if the reclaimed land is large or structurally complex, many of these branches should be created.

In the past, during the Japanese colonial period, when Korean workers were made banks and rice fields on the Dongwon coast in the west coast, they could not farm for a long time, and 70 years after the young trees planted on land just 50 meters away from the coast As you grow trees, you can see the bleaching phenomenon, which is slowly dying.

This phenomenon occurs because each branch is not composed, and the fabric is not developed so much that the thin natural branch does not allow the salt in the underground to be discharged out.

As a result, in order to plant trees in reclaimed land, the composition of small rivers and branches is an important environmental condition.

In addition, when planting is made by the decontamination method at the location where the trees are planted, the trees are connected from the planted position toward the branch line.

In summary, a small network of roadsides is formed at the same time as the road network, and a small stream of water streams connected to the small rivers is formed, and the trees are planted along the branches.

This can be understood similarly to the composition of the replenishment of reclamation answers using current reclaimed land.

It should be noted here that concrete construction on the sides of each channel is absolutely prohibited.

If concrete construction is to cause the dysfunctional phenomenon to block the salt generated from nearby tidal flats, it is important that the absolute concrete construction selectively install only the necessary parts such as the hydrological gate, and configure the nature as it is to discharge the base.

In order to create such basic environmental conditions and plant trees to be connected to freshwater streams, small rivers or their branch lines, first excavate the reclaimed land in a rhombus shape to form an excavation surface in the direction of adjacent freshwater streams, small rivers or their branch lines. And, from one vertex of the excavation surface, a freshwater stream, a small river or a trough directed toward the branch line thereof is formed (step S1).

This is shown by the photograph of FIG. 1 is a state photograph before the excavation of the tidal flat layer to a predetermined depth, Figure 2 is a photograph of the geotextile coating process to be described later. From Fig. 2, the excavation surface formed by excavating the reclaimed land in a rhombus form obliquely in the freshwater stream, the small river to the branch line direction, and the tidal valley formed toward the freshwater stream, the small river or their branch line from one vertex of the excavation surface.

When forming the rhombus-shaped excavation surface, it is preferable to excavate on the scale of 150 to 200% of the root root of the tree to be planted. In general, excavation usually takes about 150% of the roots on land, but larger excavations are required on the tidal flats.

Excavation to such a degree is enough to make aggregates and other equipment, which is a decontamination facility, to be planted in the upper part of the tree, and to make sufficient root soil space for high-quality land soil to grow roots sufficiently.

When the excavation surface is formed, it is preferable to incline the freshwater stream, the small river or the branch line so that the oil pipes are inclined in the process described later, and it is preferable to be inclined more than at least 3 ° so that the natural flow of the brine is maintained downward. can do.

If the slope is not maintained, if bases are collected and the concentration is increased, the soil may be damaged by osmotic pressure by geothermal heat during the winter when geothermal heat of the tidal flat is increased. do.

On the other hand, the shape of the excavated pit may be preferable to maintain the slope of each slope is about 150 degrees, which is to prevent the loss of aggregate, which is the main material of the decontamination operation, as described later, the base in the tidal flat layer It is easy to flow in, so it is effective in widening the periphery of the decontamination work and to effectively decontaminate the trees around.

On the other hand, in reclaimed land, it may be desirable to excavate the depth of the pit rather than the depth of the graft on land, which is enough to expose at least 50% of the root roots from the topsoil after tree planting. It is much better for rooting and growing. In addition, the nature of the mud flat is advantageous in that it does not need to be excavated more deeply than necessary because it does not need to be excavated more than necessary because it decontaminates and elutes salt phenomena in the deep part. . In addition, due to the characteristics of the tidal flat, it absorbs and dissolves easily when it meets water, and the flow of salt improves.However, when the tidal flat dries, it becomes hard as a stone and interferes with root rooting. It may be desirable not to be deep.

On the other hand, the rhombic excavation surface is preferably formed so that the length of the side is 3 to 3.5m in terms of maintaining the distance between the trees for decontamination, and if the topographically high position, the length of one side may be longer. Do. Specifically, when forming a rhombic excavation surface over the entire area of the tidal flat and planting a large number of trees, it is effective to maintain the above length at the downstream end when judging the total area of the tidal flat. If it is located, it does not matter if the area or length is slightly larger.

After forming an excavation surface in the form of a rhombus, the geosynthetic fibers are applied to the excavation surface base and side to form a first geosynthetic layer (step S2). A photograph of the process thereof is attached to FIG. 2, and a photograph of the applied state is attached to FIG. 3.

The reason for forming the first geosynthetic fiber layer is to prevent the mutual inflow or outflow between the tidal flat and the excavated surface. Generally, the geosynthetic fiber is tough and enables the circulation of moisture, thereby introducing base moisture introduced from the tidal flat. Aggregate in the upper layer to be accumulated on the ground of the geosynthetic layer.

If the geosynthetic fiber is not used, it will enter the aggregate layer which will be described later by the mud flat as the period goes by, and adversely affect the roots of the planted tree, adversely affecting the growth.

Geosynthetic layer that plays such a role is good to use that the thickness is about 0.5 to 1mm, it is advantageous because it has an advantage in terms of drainage.

Next, excretion of the perforated tube along the edge of the excavation surface on the first geosynthetic layer, and through the step (step S3) to excrete the perforated tube in the lattice to be connected thereto. In relation to step S3, the state photo of excavating the perforated tube on the first geosynthetic layer is attached to FIG. 4, and the process photo of excavating the perforated tube on the mudstone is attached to FIG. 5.

Yugong-gwan is a device that discharges fresh water flowing from salt water and trees to freshwater streams, small rivers and branch lines. The size of the perforated pipe is 50 to 70 mm in diameter can be installed in a plurality of perforated pipes depending on the size of the wood.

In particular, the hole may have a plurality of holes formed on the upper surface, that is, the portion of the tree strata, but the size of the hole is not particularly limited, but in the aggregate layer described below, a hole having a diameter of about 5 to 10 mm is drilled around the hole. The brine or water that flows in is flowed through fresh water pipes to freshwater streams, small rivers, or branch lines using natural gradients.

The length of the perforated tube is to be connected according to the position of the side opening.

According to the formation of the aggregate layer to be described later, the perforated pipe is buried in the aggregate. At this time, the inlet of the perforated pipe should be inserted into the net so that the aggregate blocks the inlet to prevent water flow.

In terms of the installation effect of the perforated pipes, even if all the methods according to one embodiment of the present invention without installing the perforated pipes, the salt in the space in the tidal flat is weak, the salt in the space where the artificial It was easy to see that the salt did not come off easily. Therefore, if the pipes are not installed, the tree will die, and if you dig the planted pit again, you can see that the average water level is about 1,280cc. For example, the saltwater concentration of 2.0ppm at the time of planting was deceased at the bottom of the dead tree. The salt concentration was 1.4 ppm.

The results from these results suggest that the freshwater flows from the terrestrial soil and the salts rising from the sides of the excavated pits and from the bottom of the tidal flats. The accumulated moisture was not discharged out, and the roots of the trees eventually rot and die.

However, the excavation of the merit pavilion showed that the tree survived.

On the other hand, the perforated pipe also serves to discharge unnecessary moisture, but it is also a passage for air supply required by the tree roots. If it is difficult to install a perforated pipe, aggregates may be used to connect the aggregates to the tidal channels (the bones made to flow water) instead of using the aggregates to create a water flow.

After the excavation of the perforated tube, the aggregate is formed on the entire excavation surface and the trough so as to cover the perforated tube to form an aggregate layer (step S4).

In this regard, the process picture for inputting the aggregate on the first geosynthetic layer and the trough including the perforated tube is attached to FIG. 6, and the state photo on which the aggregate layer is completed and the aggregate layer is formed is attached to FIG. 7.

The aggregate layer may include a first aggregate layer and a second aggregate layer. The first aggregate layer is formed by laying the aggregate having a standard of about 30 to 40 mm to a thickness of 20 to 30 cm, and the second aggregate layer is 70 to Aggregate of about 80 mm is laid in a thickness of 30 to 40 cm to form on the first aggregate layer.

First, the aggregate of 30-40mm standard should be spread evenly, and the aggregate should be compacted to smooth drainage by allowing the burial pipe to be buried between the aggregates. At this time, the construction should be done carefully so as not to block the entrance.

The reason for placing the aggregate of 70 to 80 mm on the first aggregate layer formed of the 30 to 40 mm aggregate is to smoothly drain the salt and fresh water from the outside and to receive the load evenly.

In the amount of aggregates, the size of about 30 to 40 mm is preferably 30 to 40% by weight of the required amount of aggregate, and the aggregate of 70 to 80 mm is preferably 60 to 70% by weight.

The thickness of the aggregate layer may vary depending on the load or degree of compaction received from the tree, but the first aggregate layer should be formed to a thickness of at least 20 to 30 cm, and the second aggregate layer should be laid to a thickness of 30 to 40 cm and evenly compacted.

The aggregate layer acts as a passage for collecting the brine flowing from the side of the excavation surface, fresh water flowing from the top and brine rising from the bottom.

The moisture contained in the aggregate has two functions.

First, it prevents the evaporation of salt-containing tidal-flats, and since the specific gravity of salts is heavier than water, it controls the capillary phenomenon by vaporizing when there is moisture.

Secondly, the moisture absorbed by the aggregate itself acts to dilute the salts, allowing the salts to be discharged to the surface in liquid form, which can be seen dried on the wind and appearing on the surface as solid sodium chloride (salt).

After forming the aggregate layer, the geosynthetic fiber is applied on the aggregate to form a second geosynthetic layer (step S5).

In addition to the above-described first geotextile layer, geotextiles are again laid on the aggregate. The second reason for installing the geosynthetic layer is to separate the space where the aggregate layer and the tree can grow in the future so that the tree absorbs moisture or nutrients and collects unnecessary moisture to the lower part through the aggregate layer. At this time, the brine from the tidal flat and fresh water seeping on the surface of the pit gather at the bottom of the pit (below the aggregate layer) and dilute with the brine.

In other words, the purpose of the installation of geotextiles is to separate materials of different properties for decontamination at the root of the tree and to maintain the original object properties and shapes.

Nonwoven fabric may be used instead of geotextile in the present invention, but it may be preferable that the nonwoven fabric has a thickness of about 0.5 to 1 mm.

A state photograph in which a second geotextile layer is formed on the aggregate layer is attached to FIG. 8.

Next, the land soil is laid in an amount in consideration of the size of the tree to be planted on the second geosynthetic layer and filled with a predetermined size to form a planting part (step S6).

Land soil is the soil around the tree to be planted. The soil obtained from the land is advantageous for the growth and development of roots of Masato mixed with loess. Ocher Masato has a good mix of sand, which is good for water transfer, and is a good soil for young roots to grow.

If clay soils similar to tidal-flat tidal flats are used, they may interfere with drainage or rooting and are not suitable for growth.

FIG. 9 is a state photograph of the land soil laid on the second civil fiber layer, and FIG. 10 is a state photograph of the land soil formed by laying the soil for planting trees.

Next, the land is deposited on the remaining surface except for the planting part, and a state photograph thereof is shown in FIG. 11.

Next, the tree is placed on the planting part, and a process photograph thereof is attached to FIG. 12, and a photograph on which tree planting is completed is attached to FIG. 13.

The species to be planted early in the reclaimed land should be determined as an optional species. In particular, since the tree is rooted according to the hard work of the tree and the tree itself is in a habit of maintaining and supporting vitality, when planting anything, the roots break through the decontamination zone after a certain period of time. It is also difficult and inexpensive to support indirect salt damage or coastal winds while digging deep into an incomplete tidal flat. But that's not to say that myocardial species are never bad. However, it is possible to standardize largely in advance by judging the speed at which roots grow for the next seven years or more, but all of them have to be large. As a result, since the required cost is high, it is effective to plant while looking at the results of the measurement of the surrounding salt concentration.

For example, planting costs are high because the size of the tree and the extent to which it will grow to the point where it grows in advance is required. How to get rid of it one by one.

This is because species selection in the early stages of reclaimed land development should be chosen in an efficient manner in a short period of time while being selected as an option.

One planting plant may plant one tree, and four or fewer trees may be planted. This may vary depending on the tree's canopy width or root size.

According to the planting method according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the salt in the reclaimed ground is structurally controlled so as not to gasify the salt in the upper layer so that the tree can grow normally, It can be exported outside through round tubes or aggregates. In addition, by circulating the air through the flow pipe can help root rooting or tree growth.

In the case of planting trees collectively over a wide range of reclaimed land, continuous tree planting is easy according to the planting method of the present invention starting from a rhombic drilling surface.

The schematic diagram of the example is shown in FIG.

Even in group tree plantings, the efficiency of plant decontamination and landscaping of reclaimed land can be freely planted according to plotting power, regardless of land.

When planting roadsides at a certain distance, transplant or plant as a single tree planting drawing, but when planting a large number of large quantities, as shown in FIG. 14, excavate drainage passages in a rhombus shape, and streams Based on the base, the brine is naturally drained from the upper end to the lower end, but the decontamination excavation width is about 30㎝, so even if a large number is planted, there is no obstacle.

This rhombus has a rapid brine flow from top to bottom, and there is no accumulation of base in the middle by installing perforated pipes or plastic pipes at the bottom so that even if partial blockage occurs, drainage does not occur.

On the surface, since the tidal channel for decontamination in the horizontal form and the basement has a slope as described above, the flow of the brine is not stagnant.

This method can be used to collectively plant trees in the tidal flat area. If you create a horizontal decontamination trough, it rather increases the accumulation of salt.

Figure 15 shows the vegetation state after planting by reclaimed land planting method according to the present invention, it can be seen that the vegetation state is very good.

1 is a state photograph before the excavation of the tidal-layer to a certain depth.

Figure 2 is a process picture of applying the first geotextile on the excavation surface of the tidal layer, Figure 3 is a state picture of applying the first geotextile.

Figure 4 is a state photograph of excretion of the perforated tube on the first geotextile layer.

5 is a process photograph of excretion of the perforated tube on the lagoons.

Figure 6 is a process photo including the aggregate on the first geosynthetic layer and the lattice including the perforated tube.

Figure 7 is a aggregate state is completed, the aggregate state is formed aggregate layer.

Figure 8 is a state photo on which the second geosynthetic layer is formed on the aggregate layer.

Figure 9 is a state photograph on the ground soil laid on the second geotextile layer.

10 is a state photograph formed by planting land soil laid for tree planting.

Fig. 11 is a state photograph of the state deposited on the remaining surface except the planting part.

12 is a process photograph of planting a tree on a planting part.

Figure 13 is a tree planting is complete photo.

14 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a plurality of trees are planted according to the reclaimed land tree planting method of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a picture showing the vegetation state, after a plurality of tree planting is completed.

Claims (12)

By planting trees in freshwater streams, small rivers or their branch lines in adjacent reclaimed land, Excavate the reclaimed land in a rhombus shape to be inclined in the direction of adjacent freshwater stream, small river or their branch line, and form an excavation surface, and form a slope toward the freshwater stream, small river or their branch line from one vertex of the excavation surface, Forming a slope so that the inclination angle is at least 3 ° or more based on the freshwater stream, the small stream or the branch line direction (S1); Forming a first geotextile layer by applying geotextiles to the base and side of the excavation surface (S2); Exposing the hole tube along the edge of the excavation surface on the first geosynthetic layer, and excretion of the hole tube in the lattice so as to be connected to it (S3); Step (S4) to form an aggregate layer by laying aggregate on the entire excavation surface and mudflat so as to cover the perforated tube; Applying a geotextile on the aggregate to form a second geotextile layer (S5); Installing land soil in an amount in consideration of the specification of the tree to be planted on the second civil fiber layer and filling the soil to a predetermined size to form a planting part (S6); Filling the remaining excavation surface except the planting portion (S7); And Planting 1 to 4 trees in the planting part (S8); Reclaimed land planting method comprising a. delete The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the excavation surface is formed such that the diagonal length of the rhombus shape is 150 to 200% with respect to the root of the tree to be planted. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the excavation surface is formed so that the length of one side is 3 to 3.5m. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the excavation surface is formed such that the roots are exposed such that the depth is to plant the tree and at least 50% to the topsoil layer. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the first geotextile layer is formed so that the thickness is 0.5 to 1mm. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the perforated pipe is 50 to 70mm in diameter, the reclaimed land planting method using the one having a plurality of holes in the upper surface. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the reclaimed land tree planting method having a net for preventing the inflow of aggregate at the inlet of the perforated pipe. According to claim 1, In step S4, the aggregate layer is formed by laying the aggregate of 30 to 40mm in thickness of 20 to 30cm, the first aggregate layer is formed by laying the aggregate of 30 to 40cm in size of 70 to 80mm Reclaimed land planting method comprising a second aggregate layer is made. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the aggregate layer comprises 60 to 70% by weight of the aggregate of 70 to 80mm size, and 30 to 40% by weight of the aggregate of 30 to 40mm aggregate. Reclaimed land planting method. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the second geotextile layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S6, land soil is a mixture of loess and Masato soil.

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