KR100825373B1 - Superstructure for bridge and the construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An upper structure for a bridge and a construction method of an upper structure for a bridge are provided to reduce manpower at work and to obtain wanted stiffness, and to prevent the deflection of a girder and to make maintenance work easy by mounting a plate functioning as a form without timbering between flanges of adjacent girders and unifying the girder and the form, thereby constructing an upper structure of a bridge. A construction method of an upper structure for a bridge comprises the steps of: arranging at least two girders in a row(S100); installing a plate functioning as a non-timbering form between lower frames of the adjacent girders using a fixture(S200); reinforcing the top of the plate with a stud, or, a reinforcing bar together with a stud(S210); placing a slab on the girder and the plate(S300); and after hardening the slab, removing the plate, or, the plate and a horizontal support from the upper structure(S400). An upper structure for a bridge includes at least two girders arranged in a row, a plate functioning as a non-timbering form installed between lower flanges of the girders by a fixture, and a slab formed on the girder and the plate.

Description

Superstructure for Bridge and the Construction Method

The present invention relates to an upper structure for bridges and a construction method thereof, and more specifically, to increase work efficiency because the rigidity and support group work do not need to be increased by the integration of molds and formwork, and the construction thereof. It is about a method.

In general, bridges are an important part of civil engineering work as a major road or railway facility as part of transportation with rapid industrial development.

As shown in FIG. 1, the bridge is actually an upper structure 110 through which a vehicle, a railway vehicle, or people pass, and a lower structure 120 that supports the upper structure and distributes the load to the ground. It is rough.

The undercarriage 120 may be divided into an alternating portion 121 or a pier 122 according to a form supporting the upper structure 110, and a footing portion 123 contacting the ground at the lower portion or the pier. In the accompanying drawings, the shift 121 and the pier 122 are shown in the same configuration, but the shift 121 is a retaining wall, and the pier 122 is formed in a pillar shape.

The upper structure 110 is hypothesized on the lower structure 120, it can be largely divided into a slab structure, a girder structure, a truss structure, a ramen structure and the like.

In particular, the girder-type bridge, in the upper structure 110, the slab 10 through which a car or a train passes, and the traffic load applied to the slab 10 is distributed to the lower structure 120 It comprises a girder 20. In addition, when a bridge is large, the structure called a main girder may be further comprised.

In more detail, the girders 20 (beams) are arranged at regular intervals in parallel between the substructures 120 arranged side by side, and between the girders and the girders, the slab 10 is placed thereon and the girders and the girders are disposed. Between the upper structure 110 will be constructed.

In addition, in order to supplement the rigidity, before placing the slab 10, the slab 10 is placed between the girder and the girder, or after reinforcing the bar in the upper part of the girder.

However, the conventional bridge superstructure and construction method thereof have the following problems.

   1) Prior to slab casting, not only a separate formwork should be installed between the girder and the girder, but also a support (holding work) is needed to withstand the load of the concrete on which the formwork is to be placed.

   2) After the bridge is completed, the formwork needs to be removed and finished.

To solve this problem, there is a method of installing the deck plate. In this method, the deck plate is inserted between the girders and the girders, and the bridge is constructed by placing slabs thereon. In this case, the following problems arise.

   1) Since the deck plate functioning as the formwork is inserted into the flanges of both girders and fixed together, it is difficult to visually inspect the state of the bridge under the bridge.

   2) In addition, if abnormality is found by inspecting slabs or girders by non-destructive inspection, etc., it is necessary to remove the deck plate integrally formed with the girder, perform reinforcement work, and then reinstall the deck plate. Not integrated with the structure, the overall rigidity is lowered not only to reduce safety, but also greatly increases the cost.

   3) Since the deck plate is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the girder, the deck plate can only be mounted on the girder if there is a working space greater than the length of the deck plate. Therefore, the deck plate cannot be mounted when a working space of some degree is not secured or restricted.

   4) Since the deck plate is fastened and fixed to the flange of the girder by bolts or the like, a work space for fastening the bolts is narrowed, resulting in a problem of low work efficiency.

   5) Since the deck plate used as the formwork is inserted into the flange of the adjacent girder and fastened with bolts, the deck plate cannot be recycled after the slab is placed, which is expensive.

   6) Since the flanges formed at the edges of the deck plates protrude under the girders, a space is formed between the lower surface of the girders and the lower structure, which may cause traffic loads to concentrate on these portions.

The present invention has been devised in view of this point, and by installing a plate acting as a formwork without a supporting band between the flanges of adjacent molds placed side by side, the construction of the upper structure of the bridge by the integration of the mold and the formwork, thereby reducing the labor In addition to the desired rigidity can be obtained, there is an object of the present invention to provide an upper structure for bridges and a method of constructing the bridge is easy to maintain without sagging mold.

Construction method of the upper structure for the bridge according to the present invention for achieving this object,

Placing at least two molds 20a and 20b side by side (S100);

(S200) installing a plate 21 serving as a moving wheel formwork with the fixing means 30 between each of the lower flanges 22a and 22b of the neighboring molds 20a and 20b; And

And casting the slab 10 over the mold 20 and the plate 21 (S300).

In addition, in the plate installation step (S200), the plate 21 may use a general steel sheet, reinforced plastic, styrofoam, stainless steel sheet, galvanized steel sheet, or glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), the plate 21 at this time Between the two lower flanges (22a, 22b) is characterized in that the cross-section is installed in a semicircular, curved or polygonal shape is closed or open. In particular, the plate 21 is characterized in that both sides are mounted on the side or top of the lower flange (22a, 22b), respectively. In addition, the plate installation step (S200) may further include a step (S210) of further reinforcing the reinforcing bar together with the stud 24, the stud 24 on the upper surface of the plate 21.

In addition, the plate 21 is characterized in that it further installs the horizontal support 23 connecting the two edges between the adjacent lower flanges (22a, 22b).

In particular, the construction method according to the present invention further comprises the step of removing the plate 10 or the plate 10 or the horizontal support 23 from the upper structure 110 after the slab 10 is hardened (S400). Can be.

In addition, the fixing means 30 is characterized in that the fixing pin, rivets, or bolts.

On the other hand, the bridge upper structure according to the present invention,

At least two molds 20a and 20b arranged side by side;

A plate 21 serving as a movable barrel formwork installed as a fixing means 30 between each of the lower flanges 22a and 22b of the molds 20a and 20b; And

And a slab 10 over the mold 20 and the plate 21.

In addition, the plate 21 is characterized in that it is mounted on the upper surface or side of each lower flange (22a, 22b) adjacent both edges, characterized in that the stud or stud and the reinforcing bar is further reinforced on the upper surface of the plate 21 do.

According to the present invention, the present invention can achieve the following effects by constructing a bridge upper structure by separately or integrally mounting a plate functioning as a formwork without supporting bars between the lower flanges of adjacent molds.

1) Even if the working space is narrow, the formwork can be easily constructed at the bottom of the bridge, and the upper structure can be constructed even at the workbench on the ground so that it is not restricted by the working space.

2) Since it is possible to eliminate the supporting group work installed for slab casting of the superstructure, it is possible to reduce the labor and improve the workability and reduce the cost.

3) In addition, since the installation and dismantling of the clubs can be omitted, if the length of the bridge is long and narrow, it is possible to construct the upper structure from the ground and move the lower structure to the vehicle to construct the bridge.

4) In addition, since there is no grouping work to support the formwork, it is possible to secure safety and increase work efficiency even when constructing an expensive bridge with a high substructure.

5) In case of abnormality caused by the crack inspection of the sleeve, it is easy to remove the plate and perform the visual inspection as well as repair work and re-install the plate to secure the rigidity.

6) The plate may be used as a finishing material without dismantling from the superstructure.

7) In case of cracking of slab between molds after construction of bridge, rigidity can be compensated by just mounting of plate.

8) Since the construction is done without a circle by integrating the mold and the formwork, it is possible to overcome the traffic restriction problem of the vehicle or pedestrian during the construction work.

9) In case of permanently fixing the plate having the formwork function, the rigidity of the upper structure of the mold and the whole bridge can be further increased.

10) In the construction work of the lower part of the upper structure or the short bridge, the work efficiency can be improved because the construction can be performed in a short time.

11) The rigidity required for the bridge can be obtained by reinforcing studs, rebars, supports, etc. together with formwork plates.

12) Since the desired rigidity can be obtained, the upper structure identical to the design can be obtained by eliminating the sagging of the mold generated after construction.

13) Since there is no need for supporting bundling, it is possible to mass-produce and assemble in the factory or the open ground, thus reducing construction costs by shortening the construction period.

14) Since there is no need to install supporting clubs to support the formwork, it is easy to secure a working space even in a work environment where it is difficult to install supporting clubs, such as in rivers, valleys, or areas where the ground is soft or when the ground is weak. have.

15) Since the plate is fixed with fixing pins, rivets, bolts, etc., it is easy to mount the plate having a formwork function even in a narrow space.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a flow chart for explaining the construction method of the upper structure for the bridge according to the present invention. Here, the same reference numerals are used for the same configurations as in the prior art.

The construction method of the upper structure for bridges according to the present invention comprises a mold placing step (S100), plate installation step (S200) and slab casting step (S300).

Mold placing step (S100) is a step of placing at least two molds (20a, 20b) (S100). At this time, the arrangement of each mold 20a, 20b may be arranged at equal intervals, and in a portion where the load is relatively low like the sidewalk, the width of the mold 20a, 20b may be widely arranged. In addition, the mold used at this time is used a lot of H-beam steel dla.

The molds 20a and 20b may be directly installed on the lower structure 120, or may be disposed on the workbench of the ground to construct the lower structure on the ground to be installed on the upper structure 120. Do.

When the arrangement step (S100) of the mold (20a, 20b) is finished, the plate goes through the installation step (S200). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plate 21 may use a general steel sheet, reinforced plastic, styrofoam, stainless steel sheet, galvanized steel sheet, glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) and the like.

Here, the plate 21 may be divided into a detachable plate 21a and an integrated plate 21b as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B according to the mounting position, which will be described later. In addition, the plate 21 can be produced in various shapes as shown in Figs. 4A to 4D. Particularly, in the case of the plate 21 having its own rigidity except for the styrofoam, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, each of the plates 21 is manufactured in the form of a semicircle, a quadrangle, or a polygonal shape with an open bottom. Ellipses are also available. However, in the case of styrofoam having a relatively low rigidity with these materials, as shown in FIG.

The plate 21 thus formed is divided into a detachable plate 21a and an integrated plate 21b according to the installation method. Here, the detachable plate 21a means that the upper structure 110 can be removed after construction, and the integrated plate 21b means a plate which is not removed after construction of the upper structure 110. However, even in the case of construction with the detachable plate 21a, it is also possible to use it in a state of construction just without removing it.

In the plate installation step (S200), the detachable plate 21a is mounted on the side surfaces of the lower flanges 22a and 22b as in FIG. 3A, and in the case of the integrated plate 21b, the lower flanges 22a and 22b as in FIG. 3B. ) Is mounted on the top surface.

As the fixing means 30 for mounting the plate 21 to the lower flanges 22a and 22b, a fixing pin or a rivet or a bolt for hitting is used. In particular, the fixing pin for the blow is mounted with a blow gun using gunpowder, etc. In the case of rivets and bolts, after drilling holes in each of the lower flanges 22a and 22b, the rivets and bolts are hit or fastened, respectively, to plate 21. Will be fixed.

The following is a drawing test result table of the fixing means to be used as the fixing means 30 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This pull test is a test result obtained by the Korea Institute of Construction Materials.

As shown in Table 1, the specimen, which is the fixing means 30 used in the present invention, may have a draw load of 1.6 to 2.5 (kN). In the present invention, the type of the specimen, that is, the fixing means 30 and the fastening interval thereof are determined in consideration of the pull load required to fix the plate 21 according to the load of the upper structure 110 based on the test results. .

On the other hand, the plate installation step (S200) of the present invention may go through the step (S210) for further installing the reinforcing member. The reinforcing member installation step (S210) here is optional, it is also possible to perform the step (S300) of directly pouring the slab without going through this step (S210).

Here, as the reinforcing member, it is also possible to use a stud 24 installed on the upper surface of the integrated plate 21b, and the reinforcing member formed by further reinforcing the steel not shown together with the stud 24 of the upper structure 110. It is also possible to supplement the stiffness. In addition, even in the case of the detachable plate 21a, it is also possible to configure the plate 21 by further supplementing such a reinforcing member in the case of using it integrally.

In addition, when it is determined that the stiffener is made of styrofoam or the like as a reinforcement member, it may be reinforced by further configuring the horizontal support 23 as shown in FIG. 3A.

When the installation step (S200) of the plate 21 is finished, and goes through the step (S300) of placing the slab as the next step. Here, the slab placing step (S300) is to place in a conventional bridge construction method, since the method is already well known, the description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, the manufacturing method of the present invention may further comprise the step (S400) of removing the plate 21 and the horizontal support (23). This step (S400) corresponds to the case in which the plate 21 is the detachable plate 21a, and in particular, even if the detachable stud or reinforcing bar is not applicable.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stripping step (S400) even when the detachable plate 21a is applied, even when the detachable plate 21a is applied, such as when it is determined that it is necessary to supplement the rigidity of the upper structure 110. This step S400 may not be performed.

In the removal method, when the fixing means 30 is a fixing pin or rivet mounted by tableting or hitting, the head portion of the fixing means 30 may be removed by a grinder, or the head may be removed by a chisel or the like. In the case of the fastening method as described above, the construction method is completed by separating the plate 21 by relaxing the fixing means 30.

On the other hand, the present invention includes a superstructure 100 constructed by the above-described superstructure method.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is possible to make various modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the appended claims will cover such modifications and variations as fall within the spirit of the invention.

1 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of a general bridge.

Figure 2 is a flow chart for explaining the construction method of the upper structure for the bridge according to the present invention.

Figure 3a is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the upper structure for the bridge to which the detachable plate according to the invention.

Figure 3b is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the upper structure for the bridge to which the fixed plate according to the present invention.

4a to 4d are cross-sectional views showing an application example of the plate according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: slab

20 girder

20a, 20b: template

21: plate

21a: detachable plate

21b: integral plate

22a, 22b: lower flange

23: horizontal support

24: stud

25: fixed end

30: fixing means

100: bridge

110: upper structure

120: substructure

121: shift

122: piers

123: Foundation

Claims (12)

Placing at least two molds 20a and 20b side by side (S100); Step (S200) between the lower flanges (22a, 22b) of the adjacent molds (20a, 20b), the plate (21) acting as a movable wheel formwork with a fixing means (30); And And placing the slab (10) onto the mold (20a, 20b) and the plate (21); construction method of the upper structure for a bridge, comprising a. The method of claim 1, The plate 21 is a steel sheet, reinforced plastic, styrofoam, stainless steel sheet, galvanized steel sheet, or glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) method for the construction of the upper structure for the bridge. The method of claim 2, The plate 21 is a construction method of the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that installed between the two lower flanges (22a, 22b) of the semicircular, curved or polygonal shape of the cross-section is closed or open. According to claim 3, In the plate installation step (S200), The plate 21 is a construction method of the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that both sides are removable plates (21a) mounted on the side of the lower flange (22a, 22b), respectively. According to claim 3, In the plate installation step (S200), The plate (21) is a construction method of the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that both sides are integral plate (21b) mounted on the upper surface of the lower flange (22a, 22b), respectively. The method according to claim 4 or 5, The plate installation step (S200) of the upper structure for the bridge further comprises a step (S210) of further reinforcing the reinforcing bar together with the stud 24 or the stud 24 on the upper surface of the plate 21 Construction method. According to claim 6, In the plate installation step (S200), The plate 21 is a construction method of the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that further installing a horizontal support (23) connecting the two edges between the adjacent lower flanges (22a, 22b). The method of claim 7, wherein The construction method further includes the step of removing the plate 10 or the plate 10 and the horizontal support 23 from the upper structure 110 after the slab 10 is hardened (S400). Construction method of the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, The fixing means 30 is a construction method of the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that the fixing pin, rivets, or bolts. At least two molds 20a and 20b arranged side by side; A plate 21 serving as a movable barrel formwork installed as a fixing means 30 between the lower flanges 22a and 22b of the molds 20a and 20b; And And the slab (10) over the mold (20a, 20b) and the plate (21). The method of claim 10, The plate 21 is an upper structure for a bridge, characterized in that mounted on the top or side of each lower flange (22a, 22b) adjacent both edges. The method of claim 10 or 11, The plate 21, the upper structure for the bridge, characterized in that the stud or reinforcement is also reinforced on the upper surface of the plate (21).

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