KR100797350B1 - Preparing method of compressed growing medium for flowerpot using coir and the medium thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing potted compacted clay using a coconut fiber and a compacted potted clay prepared therefrom.

Per liter of coconut fiber having a specific gravity of 0.08-0.1 g / cc and a particle ratio of 2-5% by weight of a particle diameter of 0.002-0.25 mm, lime lime fertilizer 4-5 g, lime nitrate fertilizer (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ ㆍ 4H ₂ O 1-2.5g, mixing 0.5-1g of the first ferric phosphate fertilizer and 0.2-0.4g of ferric sulfate (FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O); And

Compression molding the mixture to a volume ratio of 1 / 8-1 / 10;

Provided is a method for producing potted compacted clay comprising a pot. In addition, there is provided a compacted potting clay prepared by the above method.

Compressed clay for potted plants of the present invention is excellent in water retention and breathability, environmentally friendly, easy to transport and handle, as well as to cultivate plants only by water supply.

Coconut Fiber, Medium, Compressed Soil, Fertilizer, Nutrient Solution

Description

Preparation method of compressed clay for potting using coconut fiber and compressed clay for potting prepared therefrom {PREPARING METHOD OF COMPRESSED GROWING MEDIUM FOR FLOWERPOT USING COIR AND THE MEDIUM THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a method for producing potted compressed clay using a coconut fiber and to a potted compacted clay prepared therefrom, and more specifically, to mixing a coconut fiber and lime powdered fertilizer having a specific ratio of specific gravity and particle size, Compression molding relates to a method for producing potted compacted clay and potted compacted clay prepared therefrom.

Conventionally, when nutrient solution is grown, the container culture medium (top soil) uses mainly rock wool, which is an inorganic material, but the rock wool is not only expensive but also difficult to dispose of after use. Although organic cotton peat moss is used as a medium to replace rock wool, peat moss is not easily compressed or molded without the use of a binder, and is already depleted and expensive worldwide.

Meanwhile, coconut fiber is also used as an alternative to rock wool because coconut fiber is organic and has excellent water retention and breathability. Coconut fibers, however, have high salt and K (cali) concentrations above the appropriate levels, C: N ratios of over 80, higher than the baseline of 40, and resins, tannins and terpenes that inhibit plant root growth. (terpene) and the like. Therefore, when coconut fiber is used as crop growing soil (medium), it is necessary to improve or adjust the chemical properties of coconut fiber, but the technology for this is not developed yet.

In addition, as the national income increases, the interest and demand for flowers and vegetable cultivation of the general public increases, and according to the change of the living environment such as the increase of apartments and the decrease of detached houses, Development, diversification of plant cultivation containers, and the development of highly functional cultivated soils are required. In particular, in view of the characteristics of the young generation familiar with fancy and disposable products, the development of potted plants for horticulture plant cultivation and management is easy, and easy to dispose of soil after the end of cultivation is required. According to this trend, various kinds of horticultural plant products are being developed. For example, there are products in which the pot container is miniaturized to be suitable for fancy goods, products in which the pollen material is diversified, and products containing functional artificial soil capable of plant cultivation only by irrigation.

The present invention relates to a method for producing soil for plant cultivation, and the soil should satisfy the conditions listed below. First, the soil in the pollen should be excellent in water retention and breathability. Second, the soil should be environmentally friendly organic soil that can be easily decomposed in the natural state when the soil is to be disposed of after the end of cultivation. Third, fertilizers should already be included in the topsoil so that the plants can be grown with a water supply alone, which allows consumers to grow plants with minimal effort. Fourth, it should be light so that consumers can move it easily, and the soil should not occupy much volume.

As a study on soils in Korea, Korean Laid-Open Publication No. 1999-0079057 describes the use of TKS soil, supermix soil, or pearlite, which is composed of peat moss, a maintenance material, as a top soil of can pots. In this case, the peat moss used as the top soil is already depleted and the price increases a lot in the world, so it is disadvantageous to commercialize it. There is a disadvantage.

Therefore, a new type of organic soil and a technique for compressing the soil to reduce the logistics costs are needed.

In addition, in the case of manufacturing compressed clay mixed with fertilizer ingredients, consumers need to study the types, mixing amounts, and mixing methods of fertilizer mixed in compressed clay so that plants can be easily grown only by irrigation.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing compressed clay for potting plants which can cultivate plants with only water supply as well as water retention and breathability, which are environmentally friendly, easy to transport and handle.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a compacted potting soil prepared from the manufacturing method.

According to one aspect of the invention,

Per liter of coconut fiber having a specific gravity of 0.08-0.1 g / cc and a particle ratio of 2-5% by weight of a particle diameter of 0.002-0.25 mm, lime lime fertilizer 4-5 g, lime nitrate fertilizer (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ ㆍ 4H ₂ O 1-2.5g, mixing 0.5-1g of the first ferric phosphate fertilizer and 0.2-0.4g of ferric sulfate (FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O); And

Compression molding the mixture to a volume ratio of 1 / 8-1 / 10;

Provided is a method for producing potted compacted clay comprising a pot.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compacted potting soil prepared by the above method.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a compacted clay pot for mixing pollen fiber and lime powder fertilizer having a specific ratio of weight ratio and particle size ratio and compressing the same. In addition, when the consumer uses it, the water can be swelled in its original state with only a water supply and the plant can be grown only with water without a separate fertilizer supply.

According to the method of the present invention, the coconut fiber has a specific gravity of 0.08-0.1 g / cc, a particle diameter of 0.25 mm or less, preferably a particle ratio of 2-5% by weight of a particle diameter of 0.002-0.25 mm.

If the weight of the coconut fiber used in the present invention is 0.08 g / cc or less, it is easy to break during compression, and if the weight of the coconut fiber is 0.1 g / cc or more, the swelling speed is too slow when the compressed medium is swelled again. It is not desirable to swell by volume. In addition, when the weight ratio is more than 0.1g / cc, the amount of coconut fibers required for compression is increased, which is undesirable from an economic point of view. For example, the weight of the coconut fiber needed for compression depends on the weight of the coconut fiber used. For example, when the swelling volume is 0.077g / cc for the weight of the soil to be 402cc, the weight of the building required for compression should be 30.9g (top soil x specific gravity = 402cc × 0.077g = 30.9g). In the case of more than 0.12g / cc with increased aging weight, the building weight necessary for compression should be more than 48g (top soil volume × specific gravity = 402cc × 0.12g = 48g). That is, it can be seen that the amount of coconut fiber used for compression varies depending on the weight of the soil, and for this reason, it is not preferable to use a corner fiber having a too high weight in terms of economy.

In addition, the coconut fiber generally uses a particle ratio of 2-5% by weight of a particle diameter of 0.25 mm or less, preferably 0.002-0.25 mm or less. Too much or more than 5% by weight or too little or less than 2% by weight reduces the media voids to be filled with moisture or air, resulting in a decrease in moisture content and porosity, resulting in poor drainage and breathability. This is because growth may not be smooth. Moreover, even when such a fine yarn goes too much below 0.002 mm, air permeability falls and it is unpreferable.

In addition, the coconut fiber is preferably used that contains less than 6% by weight of coconut fiber particles having a relatively large particle diameter of 2mm or more. As described above, coconut fiber having a large particle size of 2 mm or more is not included in fibers having a large particle size of 2 mm or more due to a decrease in moisture content and porosity. However, most coconut fibers contain fibers having such a particle size, so that a maximum of 6 weight It is preferable to use those contained up to%. More preferably, the coconut fiber is used to include a coconut fiber particle ratio of 0-4% by weight or less having a relatively large particle diameter of 2-4mm. In addition, it is preferable that the coconut fiber does not include particles having a particle size of 0.25-2.00 mm and a particle size smaller or larger than this. More preferably, the coconut fiber comprises a particle ratio of particle size of 0.25-2.00mm 90-92% by weight.

Using this particular coconut fiber, 4-5 g of lime high-fertilizer per liter of coconut fiber, 1-2.5 g of lime nitrate fertilizer (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ ㆍ 4H ₂ O), 0.5-1 g of first ferric phosphate fertilizer, and 0.2-0.4 g of ferric sulfate (FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O) is mixed.

Lime fertilizer provides Ca and Mg components to the medium and also serves to provide the proper pH and electrical conductivity of the medium. Coconut fiber is not suitable as a medium for use as it has acidity of pH 5.2-5.5 and low electric conductivity of 0.6-0.7 (dS / m). In addition, since coconut fiber alone lacks the necessary ingredients for plant growth, powdered lime lime fertilizer is mixed to optimize the concentration of lime and goto, which must be contained in the media soil to supplement it. If the powdered lime fertilizer is mixed with less than 4 g of powdered lime fertilizer per liter of coconut fiber, the pH of the medium is too low or the conductivity of the medium is reduced to less than 1 so that it is not suitable as a medium. If lime lime fertilizer of 5g or more is mixed, the pH of the medium is too high or the electrical conductivity of the medium is increased to 1 or more is not suitable as a medium.

Lime nitrate fertilizer is provided to supply nitrogen (N) component which is essential for plant growth. Using nitrate fertilizer (KNO ₃ ) instead of lime nitrate fertilizer is 1000ppm of Kali (K) component in coconut fiber which is a raw material of compressed soil. It is not desirable because it is present at a very high concentration, so no additional supply of K is necessary. Preferably, the lime nitrate fertilizer is mixed in powder form in an amount of 1-2.5 g per liter of coconut fiber. If less than 1 g / l may not be supplied sufficient nitrogen components, and if mixed in more than 2.5 g / l may increase the electrical conductivity of the medium excessively may cause seed germination and seedling growth.

First ferric phosphate lime fertilizer is provided to supply the phosphorus (P) component necessary for plant growth. The first calcite fertilizer is mixed at 0.5-1 g per liter of coconut fiber, and if mixed at 0.5 g / l, sufficient phosphorus component may not be supplied, and when mixed at 1 g / l, the appropriate phosphorus concentration may be adjusted. Rather, it may cause inhibition in plant growth.

Ferric sulfate (FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O) is mixed to replenish trace elements, such as S and Fe, required for plant growth, and mixed at 0.2-0.4 g per liter of coconut fiber. If ferric sulfate is mixed at 0.2 g / l, the S and Fe components are deficient, which is not preferable. In addition, when ferric sulfate is mixed at 0.4, the ferric sulfate may be inhibited in excess of the appropriate concentration of S and Fe, rather than causing plant growth. Other trace elements are already present enough in coconut fibers and no longer need to be mixed further.

This coconut fiber and the mixture of fertilizer components are then compacted to facilitate transport and handling and to be suitable for potting soil because of their bulkiness.

The compression ratio is preferably in the range of 1/8 to 1/10. If it is out of this range, that is, if the compression ratio is less than 1/8, the compressed medium is brittle, and if compressed to more than 1/10, the swelling speed is too slow when swollen. As a compression method, any general compression molding method may be used and is preferably compressed to an appropriate size according to the size of the pollen.

In addition, in order to provide convenience in the use of compressed clay of the present invention, the volume upon swelling of the compressed clay may be derived by Equation 1 below, and accordingly, the height of the compressed disk may be determined according to the desired volume.

π × (radius of compressed disk) ² × (height of compressed disk (h)) × expansion ratio = volume at swelling

For example, in order to manufacture compressed soil according to a volume of 402 cc and a compressed disk radius of 3 cm, when the swelling is suitable for a compact size, if the compression ratio is 1/8 (expansion ratio 8), the height of the compressed disk, h is

3.14 × 3 ² × h × 8.0 = 402 (cc)

By 1.78 (cm).

In addition, the compressed clay may be prepared in a cylindrical, polyhedral, conical or pyramid shape, etc., depending on the shape of the pot. It is preferably compression molded into a cylinder.

The compacted potting clay prepared in this way can be swollen again to its original volume by supplying water before use, and also contains all the fertilizer components necessary for plant growth, so that plants can be grown only by water supply.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.

Example

Example 1

The proper particle ratio of coconut fiber to provide the physical properties, volume water content (Pv) and air filling porosity (Ea) suitable for nutrient cultivation medium (top soil) was investigated.

The volumetric water content and air filling porosity of the coconut fibers, in which particles having a particle diameter of 0.25 mm or less, are distributed in 2.0%, 3.8%, and 5.6%, respectively, are shown in Table 1 below. The porosity, volume water content and air filling porosity of the coconut fiber were calculated as follows. Total porosity-E, volumetric moisture content-Pv, and air-filled porosity-Ea of the medium were calculated by the following equation.

Total porosity (E) = [1- (ρb / ρr)] × 100

        ρb = weight of coconut fiber (g / c.c)

ρr = particle density of coconut fiber ρr = 1.6 g / cc

 Volume Water Content (Pv) = (Wg-Wc) / Vb × 100

         Wg = weight when coconut fiber maintains container capacity

         Wc = building of coconut fiber

Vb = volume of coconut fiber

Air filling porosity (Ea) = E-Pv

Particle size distribution below 0.25mm (%) Volume water content (Pv,%) Air filling porosity (Ea,%) 2.0 84.0 11.5 3.8 83.2 10.8 5.6 80.0 6.8

In general, the volume water content (Pv) suitable for the culture medium for the container is more than 80%, the air filling porosity (Ea) is more than 10%, as can be seen from Table 2 particles having a particle diameter of 0.25mm or less 5% In the case of the coconut fiber, the air filling porosity was low at 6.8%, resulting in poor porosity. In addition, when the particles having a particle diameter of 2.0 mm or more were 5% by weight or more, the volume water content was reduced to 80% or less and the air filling porosity was excessively increased, which was not suitable.

Example 2

Coconut fiber mixed with powdered lime fertilizer 0-5g in 1 liter of coconut fiber with particles of 0.25mm or less and 5% or less, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured after 24 hours and the results are shown in Table 3 below. .

Lime High Fertilizer (g / l) pH Conductivity (dS / m) 0 5.2 0.7 3 5.7 0.8 4 5.8 1.0 5 6.0 1.2

* Note-pH titration of medium: pH 5.8-6.3, conductivity of medium is 1.0-1.2dS / m

As shown in Table 3, when 1L of coconut fiber was mixed with lime lime fertilizer 4-5g, the pHs were 5.8 and 6.0, which are appropriate pHs of the medium, and the electrical conductivity was 1.0 and 1.2dS / m. In the case of mixing less than 4g, both the pH and the electrical conductivity were outside the optimum values.

Example 3

Coconut fiber contains 4g of powdered lime fertilizer (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ ㆍ 4H ₂ O, Ca 16.7%, N 11.9%) in 1 liter of coconut fiber containing 4% by weight or less of particles of 0.25mm or less ) 2g, 0.5g of first superphosphate lime fertilizer (containing single superphosphate, 18% Ca, 8.7% P, 10.1% S) and 0.5g ferric sulfate (containing FeSO ₄ ㆍ 7H ₂ O, 20% Fe) To prepare a medium.

When the fertilizer was mixed in the coconut fiber as described above, each fertilizer element concentration was able to maintain the appropriate concentration level to be contained in the soil as shown in Table 3.

       Fertilizer Concentration in Coconut Fiber Medium (Unit: ppm) N P K Ca Mg S Fe Coconut Fiber Natural Concentration 1.3 37.4 436 12.5 5.0 27.3 26.7 Additional Supply Concentration 238 43.0 0 428 0 50.5 48.0 Final concentration 239.3 80.4 1137 440.5 5.0 77.8 74.7 Proper Element Concentration in General Soil 120-450 50-230 220-460 120-640 0-70 70-350 70-80

* Ca and Mg supplied by lime pottery fertilizers are not effective due to the fertilizer concentration of the medium.

Example 4

Compression molding of the clay prepared in Example 3 to prepare a compacted clay in the form of a circular disk was carried out experiment to swell it again in a flowerpot.

The size of the pot was 6.5cm in diameter, 10cm in diameter and 9.5cm in height. When the compressed soil was swollen, the height of the soil was 8.0cm and the volume was 402cc so that the height was filled up to 1.5cm from the top of the pollen.

The circular disk diameter of the compressed soil was 6.0 cm smaller than the diameter of the pot, and the compression ratio was compression molded at various ratios of 1 / 4-1 / 12 to prepare a compressed disk. The height of the compressed disk was, for example, according to Equation 1 above. For example, when the compression ratio was 1/8, the height of the disk was 1.78 cm, and when the compression ratio was 1/10, the height of the disk was 1.42 cm.

As a result of the compression test, when the compression molding was performed between 1/8 and 1/10, it was possible to manufacture a sufficiently hard compression disk without using a binder. The pressure required for 1/8 compression was 32-35kg / ㎠ and 1/10 compression. The pressure required for was 45 kg / cm 2.

As such, when the compressed disk was put back into a flower pot (or plastic bag) and filled with water by filling the container, the compressed disk compressed to 1/8 or less showed a tendency to break easily, and to 1/10 or more. Compressed compressed discs have shown problems of too slow water absorption and swelling speed.

The compacted soil for potted plants of the present invention through the compression experiment is greatly reduced in volume and easy to transport, thereby saving transportation costs, and can be easily swelled to its original state by supplying water to the container again and is easy to use. It can be seen. In addition, it can be seen that the condensed clay for potting of the present invention contains all the fertilizer components necessary for plant growth, thus providing the convenience of cultivating the plant with only water supply.

Compressed clay for potted plants using the coconut fiber of the present invention is excellent in water retention and breathability, environmentally friendly, easy to transport and handle, as well as cultivate plants only by water supply.

Claims (6)

Per liter of coconut fiber having a specific gravity of 0.08-0.1 g / cc and a particle ratio of 2-5% by weight of a particle diameter of 0.002-0.25 mm, lime lime fertilizer 4-5 g, lime nitrate fertilizer (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ ㆍ 4H ₂ O 1-2.5g, mixing 0.5-1g of the first ferric phosphate fertilizer and 0.2-0.4g of ferric sulfate (FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O); And Compression molding the mixture to a volume ratio of 1 / 8-1 / 10; Compressed clay manufacturing method for pots comprising a. The method of claim 1, wherein the coconut fiber has a fiber particle ratio of up to 6% by weight of less than 2mm particle diameter. The method of claim 1, wherein the coconut fiber has a particle size of 0.25-2.00mm particle ratio of 90-92% by weight, characterized in that the method for producing potted clay using a coconut fiber. The method of claim 1, wherein the final weight of the mixture is 30-100g of potted compact soil manufacturing method characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixture is compressed into a cylindrical, polyhedral, conical or pyramidal shape, characterized in that the potted clay manufacturing method. Compressed clay for pots produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.