KR100782762B1 - A method for manufacturing non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetic property - Google Patents
A method for manufacturing non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetic property Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
자기특성이 우수한 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법이 제공된다.
Provided is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufacturing method having excellent magnetic properties.
본 발명의 방법은, 중량%로, C: 0.01% 이하, Si: 1.5~4.0%, Mn: 0.6% 이하, S: 0.0050% 이하, Al: 1.5% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피하게 함유되는 불순물로 조성되는 강 슬라브를 통상의 조건으로 재가열한후 열간압연하는 단계; 상기 열연강판을 900℃이하에서 소둔한후 1차 냉간압연하는 단계; 및 상기 냉연강판을 900~1000℃에서 중간소둔하고, 이어, 900~700℃에서 냉각하여 최종두께로 냉간압연한 후 최종소둔하는 단계;를 포함하여 구성된다.
In the method of the present invention, by weight%, C: 0.01% or less, Si: 1.5 to 4.0%, Mn: 0.6% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Al: 1.5% or less, balance Fe and other unavoidable impurities Re-heating the steel slab formed by the conventional conditions under hot rolling; First annealing the hot rolled steel sheet at 900 ° C. or lower; And annealing the cold rolled steel sheet at 900 to 1000 ° C., followed by cooling at 900 to 700 ° C. and cold rolling to a final thickness, followed by final annealing.
철손, 무방향성 전기강판, 냉간압연Iron loss, non-oriented electrical steel sheet, cold rolled
Description
본 발명은 중소형의 모터 및 변압기와 같은 전기기기의 철심으로 사용되는 무방향성 전기강판 제조에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는, 자기특성이 우수한 무방향성 전기강판의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to the production of non-oriented electrical steel sheet used as an iron core of electrical equipment such as small and medium-sized motors and transformers, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in magnetic properties.
각종 모터, 소형 변압기 및 자기실드(Magnetic shield)와 같은 전기제품에서 철심으로 사용되는 무방향성 전기강판은 철손이 낮은 것이 요구된다. 철손은 전기강판소재의 중량당 전기에너지가 손실되는 정도를 나타내는 것으로서 W/kg의 단위로 표시한다. 통상 Si과 Al을 증가시켜 철손을 낮추는 방법을 시행하고 있으나, 합금원소 증가에 따라 냉간압연성이 낮아져 제조원가가 증가하는 단점이 있다. Non-oriented electrical steel sheets used as iron cores in electric appliances such as various motors, small transformers and magnetic shields are required to have low iron loss. Iron loss represents the degree of loss of electrical energy per weight of electrical steel sheet material and is expressed in W / kg. In general, a method of lowering iron loss by increasing Si and Al has been performed. However, as the alloying elements increase, the cold rolling property is lowered, which increases the manufacturing cost.
Si가 3%이상, Al이 1%이상 첨가된 무방향성 전기강판은 비저항이 커져 철손을 낮출 수 있다. 하지만 Al이 1%이상 첨가된 소재는 냉간압연성이 나빠지며, 최종제품의 열처리시 결정립 성장을 최대화 시키기 위하여 실시하는 1000℃정도의 열연판 소둔에 따른 과대성장 결정립계를 따라 냉간압연시 파단이 일어나는 입계파괴현 상에 따라 냉간압연성이 더욱 나빠져 제조비용이 높아진다. 하지만 Si와 Al의 함량이 낮추거나, 낮은 온도로 열연판 소둔을 하는 소재는 철손이 높아지는 단점이 있다. 따라서 이들을 모두 만족하면서도 전기제품의 특성을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법이 요구된다.The non-oriented electrical steel sheet containing 3% or more of Si and 1% or more of Al may increase the specific resistance to lower iron loss. However, material with more than 1% of Al is worsened in cold rolling, and fracture occurs during cold rolling along the overgrowth grain boundary due to hot-rolled sheet annealing at about 1000 ℃ to maximize grain growth during heat treatment of the final product. Cold rolling is further worsened due to grain boundary fracture, resulting in higher manufacturing costs. However, materials with low content of Si and Al or hot-rolled sheet annealing at low temperatures have a disadvantage in that iron loss is increased. Therefore, there is a need for a method that can satisfy all of these and improve the characteristics of electrical appliances.
따라서 상기 종래기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 냉간압하율을 하향 시킬수 있는 2회 분할압연을 채택하고, 소둔후 잔류응력을 최소하기 위한 소둔조건을 제어함으로써 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있는 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법을 제공함을 그 목적으로 한다. Therefore, to solve the problems of the prior art, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet that can improve the productivity by adopting the two times divided rolling to lower the cold rolling rate, and controlling the annealing conditions to minimize the residual stress after annealing It is an object to provide a manufacturing method.
본 발명은 중량%로, C: 0.01% 이하, Si: 1.5~4.0%, Mn: 0.6% 이하, S: 0.0050% 이하, Al: 1.5% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피하게 함유되는 불순물로 조성되는 강 슬라브를 통상의 조건으로 재가열한후 열간압연하는 단계; 상기 열연강판을 900℃이하에서 소둔한후 1차 냉간압연하는 단계; 및 상기 냉연강판을 900~1000℃에서 중간소둔하고, 이어, 900~700℃에서 냉각하여 최종두께로 냉간압연한 후 최종소둔하는 단계;를 포함하는 자기특성이 우수한 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법에 관한 것이다.
The present invention is composed of, by weight, C: 0.01% or less, Si: 1.5 to 4.0%, Mn: 0.6% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Al: 1.5% or less, balance Fe and other unavoidable impurities. Reheating the steel slab under normal conditions and then hot rolling; First annealing the hot rolled steel sheet at 900 ° C. or lower; And annealing the cold rolled steel sheet at 900 to 1000 ° C., followed by cooling at 900 to 700 ° C. and cold rolling to a final thickness, followed by final annealing. will be.
이하, 본 발명의 강 조성성분 및 그 제한사유를 설명한다.Hereinafter, the steel composition component of the present invention and the reason for limitation thereof.
C는 최종제품에서 자기시효를 일으켜 사용중 자기적 특성을 저하시키므로 슬 라브 단계에서는 0.01%이하로 제어하고, 필요시 탈탄소둔을 실시하며, 최종제품에서는 0.003%이하로 제한한다. 이러한 탈탄소둔을 냉연판 소둔전에 추가할 수 있다.
C causes magnetic aging in the final product, which lowers the magnetic properties during use, so it is controlled to be less than 0.01% in the slab stage, decarbonized if necessary, and limited to 0.003% or less in the final product. Such decarbonization annealing can be added before cold rolling annealing.
Si는 비저항을 증가시켜 철손중 와류손실을 낮추는 원소로서, 철손을 일정수준으로 향상하기 위해서는 1.5%이상 첨가해야 한다. 그러나 그 첨가량이 과다하면 냉간압연성이 열화되므로, 본 발명에서는 Si첨가량을 1.5~4.0%로 제한한다.
Si is an element that decreases the eddy current loss during iron loss by increasing the resistivity. To improve iron loss to a certain level, Si should be added more than 1.5%. However, if the addition amount is excessive, the cold rolling property is deteriorated, so the Si addition amount is limited to 1.5 to 4.0% in the present invention.
Mn은 S와 결합하여 미세한 석출물인 MnS를 형성하므로 0.6%이하로 억제하는 것이 바람직하다.
Mn combines with S to form MnS, which is a fine precipitate, and therefore is preferably suppressed to 0.6% or less.
S는 미세한 석출물인 MnS를 형성하여 자기특성에 나쁜 영향을 미치므로 가능한 낮게 함유되는 것이 유리한데, 본 발명에서는 0.005%이하로 관리하는 것이 바람직하다.
S is advantageously contained as low as possible because it forms a fine precipitate, MnS, which adversely affects the magnetic properties. In the present invention, S is preferably controlled to 0.005% or less.
Al은 비저항을 증가시켜 와류손실을 낮추는 역할을 하는 원소이다. 그러나 그 첨가량이 1.5%를 초과하면 그 첨가량에 비해 자성의 향상 정도가 적으며 가격도 비싸기 때문에, 그 첨가량을 1.5% 이하로 제한한다
Al is an element that reduces the eddy current loss by increasing the specific resistance. However, if the added amount exceeds 1.5%, the magnetic improvement is less than the added amount and the price is expensive. Therefore, the added amount is limited to 1.5% or less.
이하, 본 발명의 강 제조방법을 설명한다.Hereinafter, the steel manufacturing method of this invention is demonstrated.
상기와 같이 조성되는 용강을 제공공정에서 제조한후, 연속주조공정에서 슬 라브로 제조하고, 열간압연전 가열로에 장입되어 통상의 조건인 1300℃이하의 범위에서 재가열후 열간압연하여 2.0mm정도의 열연코일을 만든다.
After the molten steel, which is formed as described above, is manufactured in a providing process, it is manufactured as a slab in a continuous casting process, charged into a heating furnace before hot rolling, and re-heated in a range of 1300 ° C. or lower under normal conditions, and hot rolled to about 2.0 mm. Hot rolled coil
그리고 이러한 열간압연된 열연판을 권취하고, 이후 열연판 소둔을 실시한후 산용액에서 산세를 하여 냉간압연한다. 본 발명에서는 이때, 열연판 소둔온도를 900℃미만으로 제한하는데, 이는 소둔온도가 900℃를 초과하면 결정 입성장이 크게 일어나며, 급냉에 따른 잔류응력의 증가를 가져오는 소둔을 실시하는 열연판은 냉간압연 작업성이 불량하여 생산성의 저해를 가져오기 때문이다.
Then, the hot rolled hot rolled sheet is wound, followed by annealing of the hot rolled sheet, followed by pickling in an acid solution and cold rolling. In the present invention, at this time, the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature is limited to less than 900 ℃, which means that when the annealing temperature exceeds 900 ℃ crystal grain growth occurs significantly, the hot-rolled sheet is subjected to annealing that brings about an increase in residual stress due to quenching is cold This is because the rolling workability is poor and the productivity is impaired.
상기 소둔처리된 열연강판은 1차 냉간압연되는데, 이때 열연판 두께를 1.55에서 1.0mm 정도로 실시함이 바람직하다. 왜냐하면 그 두께가 1.0mm미만까지 압연을 실시할 경우 최종두께인 0.35mm까지 압연시 재결정에 필요한 적정 압하율을 확보할 수 없음에 따라 안정적인 자성을 확보할 수 없기 때문이며, 1.55mm를 초과하여 냉간압연을 실시하면 최종두께로 압연하는 2차냉간압연시 압하율이 높아 안정적인 냉간압연 작업성을 확보하기 어렵기 때문이다
The annealed hot rolled steel sheet is first cold rolled, wherein the thickness of the hot rolled sheet is preferably about 1.55 to 1.0mm. This is because if the thickness is rolled to less than 1.0mm, stable magnetism cannot be secured because the proper rolling rate required for recrystallization cannot be obtained when rolling to the final thickness of 0.35mm, and cold rolling exceeds 1.55mm. This is because it is difficult to secure stable cold rolling workability due to high rolling reduction rate during secondary cold rolling rolling to final thickness.
상기 냉연강판은 다시 900~1100℃의 온도에서 소둔을 실시한 뒤, 900~700℃ 에서부터 상온으로 냉각을 함이 바람직하다.After the cold rolled steel sheet is subjected to annealing again at a temperature of 900 ~ 1100 ℃, it is preferable to cool to room temperature from 900 ~ 700 ℃.
그 이유는 소둔온도가 900℃미만이면 결정립성장이 미흡하고, 1100℃ 보다 소둔온도가 높으면 냉연판 표면온도가 지나치게 높아서 판 표면에 표면결함이 발생 되어 자기적 특성이 나빠질 수 있는 문제가 있기 때문이다. 보다 바람직하게는 그 소둔시간을 3~10분으로 제한하는 것이다. The reason is that when the annealing temperature is less than 900 ℃, grain growth is insufficient, and when the annealing temperature is higher than 1100 ℃, the surface temperature of the cold rolled sheet is too high, so that surface defects may occur on the surface of the plate and the magnetic properties may deteriorate. . More preferably, the annealing time is limited to 3 to 10 minutes.
또한 냉각개시온도를 한정하는 이유는 냉각속도를 조정하여 표면의 열응력의 편차를 감소시켜 냉간압연성을 향상시킬 수 있다
In addition, the reason for limiting the cooling start temperature is to adjust the cooling rate to reduce the variation of the thermal stress on the surface to improve the cold rolling.
이하, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.
(실시예1)Example 1
중량%로, C: 0.01% 이하, Si: 3.0%, Mn: 0.6% 이하, S: 0.0050% 이하, Al: 1.5% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불순물로 조성되는 슬라브를 1130℃로 가열한 후 열간 압연하여 2.0mm의 두께로 열간 압연하고, 580℃온도에서 권취한 후 열연판을 700℃에서 1000℃까지 10분간 열연판소둔을 하였다.By weight, slabs composed of C: 0.01% or less, Si: 3.0%, Mn: 0.6% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Al: 1.5% or less, balance Fe and other impurities are heated to 1130 ° C. and then hot After rolling and hot rolling to a thickness of 2.0 mm, the coil was wound at 580 ° C., and then the hot rolled sheet was annealed for 10 minutes from 700 ° C. to 1000 ° C.
냉각된 열연판은 산세 후 두께를 1.55mm 정도로 1차 냉간압연을 실시하면서 냉간압연성을 조사하여 그 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다. The cooled hot rolled sheet was subjected to primary cold rolling to a thickness of about 1.55 mm after pickling, and the cold rollability was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
표 1에서 보는 바와 같이, 통상 우수한 철손 특성을 요구하는 강판의 특성상 열연판 소둔 온도를 900℃에서 1100℃까지 실시하지만, Al이 많은 관계로 냉간압연 작업시 판파단 발생 등 냉간압연성이 열화 되는 특성을 가지고 있으나, 본 발명강의 열연판 소둔 조건인 900℃이하에서는 냉간압연성이 우수하게 나타났다.
As shown in Table 1, hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature is usually performed from 900 to 1100 ° C due to the characteristics of steel sheets which require excellent iron loss characteristics. However, due to the Al content, cold rolling properties such as plate breakage are degraded during cold rolling. Although it has the characteristics, cold rolling property was excellent under the hot rolling sheet annealing conditions of the present invention steel 900 ℃.
(실시예2)Example 2
실시예1 과 동일한 소재의 1.55mm냉간압연판을 이용하여 700℃에서 1100℃까지 소둔을 실시한 후 냉각된 소둔판을 0.35mm 두께로 냉간 압연하였다. 이 때의 냉간압연성을 조사하여 표 2에 나타내었다. After annealing from 700 ° C. to 1100 ° C. using a 1.55 mm cold rolled plate of the same material as Example 1, the cooled annealing plate was cold rolled to a thickness of 0.35 mm. Cold rolling at this time was investigated and shown in Table 2.
상기의 조건으로 0.35mm까지 냉간압연된 시편을 1000℃에서 2분간 수소60%와 질소 40%의 분위기에서 소둔하였다. 소둔 후 연속하여 유무기혼합의 절연피막을 입힌 후 절단하였으며, 이어, 그 자기적 특성을 조사하여 그 결과를 표 2에 함께 나타내었다.The specimens cold-rolled to 0.35 mm under the above conditions were annealed at 1000 ° C. for 2 minutes in an atmosphere of 60% hydrogen and 40% nitrogen. After annealing, the organic and inorganic mixture was coated successively and then cut. Then, the magnetic properties were examined and the results are shown in Table 2.
표 2에서 보는 바와 같이, 중간소둔온도 900℃미만에서 소둔한 비교재(1~2)는 냉간작업시 판파단과 같은 작업성은 우수한 특성을 나타내었으나, 철손이 비교적 열화되었다. 여기서, 철손 측정은 50헤르쯔에서 1.5테스라의 자화를 건 상태에 서 측정한 값이다.
As shown in Table 2, the comparative materials (1 ~ 2) annealed at an intermediate annealing temperature of less than 900 ℃ showed excellent workability such as plate breaking during cold work, but the iron loss was relatively deteriorated. Here, the iron loss is measured with the magnetization of 1.5 Tesla at 50 Hz.
(실시예3)Example 3
실시예 1 과 동일한 소재의 1.55mm냉간압연판을 이용하여 1000℃에서 소둔을 실시한 후 냉각개시온도를 1000℃에서 700℃까지 변화시켜 0.35mm까지 냉간압연하면서 작업성을 조사하여 표 3에 나타내었다. After annealing at 1000 ° C. using a 1.55 mm cold rolled plate made of the same material as Example 1, the cooling start temperature was changed from 1000 ° C. to 700 ° C. and cold worked to 0.35 mm. .
그리고 상기 두께 0.35mm까지의 냉간압연된 시편들을 1000℃에서 2분간 수소60%와 질소 40%의 분위기에서 소둔하였다. 그리고 소둔후 연속하여 유무기혼합의 절연피막을 입힌 후 절단하였으며, 절단된 시편들에 대하여 자기적 특성을 조사하여 표 3에 또한 나타내었다.The cold rolled specimens up to 0.35 mm thick were annealed at 1000 ° C. for 2 minutes in an atmosphere of 60% hydrogen and 40% nitrogen. After the annealing, the organic coating was continuously coated and then cut. The magnetic properties of the cut specimens were also shown in Table 3.
표 3에서 보는 바와 같이, 냉각개시온도를 900℃이하로 제어한 본 발명재는 냉간압연성도 우수하고, 철손특성도 우수함을 알 수 있다.
As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the present invention, which controls the cooling start temperature to 900 ° C. or less, also has excellent cold rolling property and excellent iron loss characteristics.
(실시예4)Example 4
실시예 1과 동일한 소재를 이용하여 1.55mm에서 0.82mm까지 냉간압연을 실시한 냉간압연판을 900℃에서 소둔을 실시한 후 0.35mm까지 냉간압연된 시편을 1000 ℃에서 2분간 수소60%와 질소 40%의 분위기에서 소둔하였다. 소둔후 연속하여 유무기혼합의 절연피막을 입힌 후 절단하였다. 그 후, 자기적 특성을 조사하여 표 4에 나타내었다.Cold rolled sheet subjected to cold rolling from 1.55mm to 0.82mm using the same material as in Example 1 was annealed at 900 ° C, and then cold-rolled to 0.35mm at 1000 ° C for 2 minutes with 60% hydrogen and 40% nitrogen. Annealed in the atmosphere. After annealing, the organic and inorganic mixture was coated continuously and then cut. After that, the magnetic properties were examined and shown in Table 4.
표 4에 나타난 바와 같이, 중간압연두께를 0.82mm이하로 소둔을 실시하는 경우 철손 특성이 좋지 않았다. 또한 중간압연을 실시하지 않고 최종두께까지 압연하는 종래재은 철손 특성은 우수하나, 냉간압연성이 열위하였다.
As shown in Table 4, the iron loss characteristics were not good when the intermediate rolling thickness was annealed to 0.82 mm or less. In addition, conventional materials that are rolled to the final thickness without performing intermediate rolling have excellent iron loss characteristics, but have inferior cold rolling properties.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명은 냉간압연 전후의 열연판 소둔온도와 소둔조건을 제어함으로써, 냉간압연성이 뛰어나면서도 자기적 특성이 우수한 무방향성 전기강판을 제조함에 그 유용한 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention has a useful effect in manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent cold rolling property and excellent magnetic properties by controlling the hot rolled sheet annealing temperature and annealing conditions before and after cold rolling.
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