KR100768143B1 - Method for treating and preventing scuticociliatosis in fishes - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for treating or preventing scuticociliatosis in fishes is provided to very effectively treat the fishes infected by the scuticociliatosis by using three kinds of medicines in combination and prevent the generation of the scuticociliatosis without bad influence on health of the fishes. A method for treating or preventing scuticociliatosis in fishes comprises a step of putting fishes in a medicinal solution respectively including 0.5-10 ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide or salt chlorite, 0.015-0.3 ppm of carbon acid selected from acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid or succinic acid, and 5-30 ppm of hydrogen peroxide for more than 4 hours per day with blocking ultraviolet rays.

Description

Method for treating and preventing scuticociliatosis in fishes

1 is a graph showing the halibut fry death trend in the farm of the comparative example.

Figure 2 is a graph showing the halibut fry death trend in the farm of Example 1.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the halibut fry death trend in the farm of Example 2.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the halibut fry death trend in the farm of Example 3.

The present invention relates to a method for treating and preventing scouticociliatosis of fish caused by parasites of Scoutica ciliforms using stabilized chlorine dioxide or chlorite, organic carbonic acid and hydrogen peroxide.

In recent years, since marine fish farming techniques have been developed, high-quality fish such as flounder, red snapper and puffer fish are also targeted for farming. In these high-quality fish farms, preventing diseases caused by viruses, pathogenic bacteria and external parasites is just as important as maintaining growth and increasing yields.

In particular, if parasites are parasitic in farmed fish, the damage is not significant at the low stage of parasitic water, but in May-July, when the water temperature is suitable for breeding (water temperature 22 ℃ ~ 26 ℃), the eggs hatch. In addition, spawning thrives and mass killing of farmed fish is likely to occur.

In some cases, even if the parasites do not cause death, parasites may cause a decrease in stamina of farmed fish, susceptibility to other bacterial infections, poor feeding, and loss of commodity value.

As an antiparasitic method or a method for preventing infection of aquaculture fish parasites, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses trichodina and skin fluke by adding ferulic acid and lactic acid to the breeding water. It is disclosed that parasites can be exterminated from fish infected with parasites such as skin fluke or pseudodactylogyrus.

In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for inhibiting and preventing parasitesis of marine cultured fish by administering a parasitic inhibitor comprising an cocoa butter composition (cocoa butter or cacao bean curd) as an active ingredient. Is disclosed.

In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a method of adding delta-aminolevulinic acid to a feed or a water tank and treating fish infected with pathogenic microorganisms and parasites.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-77000

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-61107

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-316255

Among infectious diseases of marine fish caused by parasites, infectious diseases caused by Scutica cilitic insects (Scutika infectious disease) on flounder fry are prevalent in nursery production areas and farms around Japan. The pathogen, Scutica ciliary, is bilateral, has a length of 30-45㎛, has 8 to 12 ciliary rows along its long axis, and has one cilia at the end of the end. When Scutika ciliates enter the body surface or fins, their color changes to white and erosion or bleeding is found. It also invades the scaffolds, connective tissues under the dermis, and the brain.

Invasion of the brain is characteristic of Scutica ciliary insects, and if the affected part is limited to the brain, the farmed fish dies in large quantities without being able to identify the cause because the symptoms rarely accompany the external symptoms. Because they do not know the route to fish and deeply invade the body, unlike other parasitic diseases, we can't expect to get rid of it.

Here, Patent Document 3 has been confirmed the effect of preventing the body infection of Scutica ciliary insects in vivo (in vivo) and in vitro (paragraphs [0064] and [0066]). When delta-aminolevulinic acid was added to the tank of flounder fry with Scutika infectious disease, the vitality of the fish was improved, and the dead fish were markedly reduced. Although not described (paragraph), specific numbers such as the number of samples are not disclosed.

As described above, it is known that no effective treatment has yet been developed for Scutika infection. In addition, formalin, which has been conventionally used conventionally, has been banned from being used in farmed fish, so once Scutika infection occurs in farms, mass deaths of farmed fish cannot be avoided, and farm management is severely hit.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating and preventing Scutika infection of cultured fish, which has not had effective countermeasures in the past.

The present inventors have found that the addition of stabilized chlorine dioxide or chlorite, organocarboxylic acid, and hydrogen peroxide to aquaculture water can cure aquaculture fish suffering from Scutica infection and have completed the present invention.

Specifically, the present invention,

As a method of treating Scutika infection of fish,

The chemical solution containing stabilizing chlorine dioxide or chlorite in a concentration range of 0.5 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less, organic carbonic acid 0.015 ppm or more and 0.3 ppm or less and hydrogen peroxide in a concentration range of 5 ppm or more and 30 ppm or less, respectively, bathes the fish in the state of blocking ultraviolet rays. It relates to a method characterized by.

Combination of stabilized chlorine dioxide or chlorite, organic carbonic acid, and hydrogen peroxide kills Scutica ciliforms that have invaded the fish at a much lower concentration in vivo than in chlorine dioxide alone and without adversely affecting fish growth. It can effectively treat Scutika infections.

In addition, the present invention,

As a method to prevent Scutika infection of fish,

The chemical solution containing stabilizing chlorine dioxide or chlorite in a concentration range of 0.5 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less, organic carbonic acid 0.015 ppm or more and 0.3 ppm or less and hydrogen peroxide in a concentration range of 5 ppm or more and 30 ppm or less, respectively, bathes the fish in the state of blocking ultraviolet rays. It relates to a method characterized by.

Combination of stabilized chlorine dioxide or chlorite, organic carbonic acid, and hydrogen peroxide can kill Scutica ciliforms in vitro in much lower concentrations and in a shorter time than using chlorine dioxide or chlorite alone. The insecticidal Scutica ciliate present in the harvested seawater can be pesticided, and the occurrence of Scutika infection in the tank can be prevented. In addition, it is possible to prevent the spread of infection from healthy fish to fish caught with Scutika infection in the water layer.

The fish targeted by the method for treating Scutica infectious diseases and the method for preventing Scutica infectious diseases of the present invention is not limited as long as it is a fish that produces Scutica infectious diseases, but in particular, halibut, turbot (turbot) that are often farmed among marine fish. Or blowfish.

The organic carbonic acid used in the present invention is preferably one or a combination of two or more selected from acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid and succinic acid. These are because they are not toxic and weakly acidic, making it difficult to change the pH of the tank and have no adverse effects on fish.

It is preferable to make bath time four hours or more a day.

According to the treatment method and the prevention method of the present invention, it is possible to effectively and economically treat and prevent Scutica infection in aquaculture.

The above objects, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described, referring an enemy drawing. In addition, the present invention is not limited thereto.

(Preliminary examination)

The insecticidal effects of formalin, trichlorfon and stabilized chlorine dioxide on Scutica ciliary insects were confirmed by performing in vitro experiments. First, Scutica ciliates were collected from flounders infected with Scutika infection and incubated at room temperature for 24 hours in artificial seawater to which hexagenic slices of homogenized flounder were added. The concentration of Scutica ciliated in the culture was about 30 / mL.

20 mL of the above three kinds of chemicals diluted to respective concentrations in filtration sterilized seawater were taken, and 1 mL of Scutica culture medium was added thereto. Scutica ciliary movements were observed under a microscope (40x magnification) and judged dead when completely stopped. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, formalin was used as a JIS special reagent, trichlorfon (trichlorfon) made from Bayer Corporation Madeon 20%, and stabilized chlorine dioxide Biotox (5% chlorine dioxide concentration) made by Chocheon Chemical.

Drug concentration (ppm) Insecticidal effect of Scutika ciliary formalin Trichlorphone Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x ○

In Table 1, the case where the Scutica ciliated insect died within 3 days after the addition of the drug with respect to the insecticidal effect was indicated by "(circle)" and the case where it did not die within 3 days as "X". When formalin or trichlorphone were used, the concentration of 10 ppm could not kill the Scutica ciliated insects. However, when stabilized chlorine dioxide was used, all of the Scutica ciliforms in Share could be killed after 3 days at 10 ppm.

Next, the concentration of stabilized chlorine dioxide was increased to confirm that the Scutica ciliary insects could be killed in a short time. Experimental method is the same as above. The results are shown in Table 2.

Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide Concentration (ppm) Time required for pesticide 10 100 500 1000 Three days five hours two hours approximately five minutes

The higher the stabilizing chlorine dioxide concentration, the shorter the time required for the sterilization of Scutica ciliated. However, it was confirmed that a high concentration of several hundred ppm was required to kill insects within 100 hours or more, in particular, within one hour to kill insects within several hours. For this reason, if stabilizing chlorine dioxide was used alone, it was considered difficult to kill Scutica ciliated insects in a short time and prevent Scutica infection without adversely affecting the breeding of fish.

Therefore, in order to increase the insecticidal effect of Scutica ciliary insects, an attempt was made to use a combination of stabilized chlorine dioxide and citric acid, which is a kind of organic carboxylic acid, and experimented in the same manner as described above. The concentration ratio of chlorine dioxide and citric acid is 10: 1 here. The results are shown in Table 3.

Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide Concentration (ppm) Citric Acid Concentration (ppm) Insecticidal effect Time required for sterilization 0.1 1 5 10 20 30 40 50 0.01 0.1 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 X X X ○ ○ ○ ○ ○  ---3 days 30 minutes 20 minutes 20 minutes 5 minutes

By using citric acid together, when the concentration of stabilized chlorine dioxide was set to 20 ppm or more, all of the Scutica ciliary insects could be killed within 1 hour. The same experimental results were obtained even when the concentration ratio of stabilized chlorine dioxide and citric acid was 10: 0.5 to 10: 2. In addition, the same experimental results as in the case of citric acid were also obtained when acetic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and tartaric acid were used as the organic carbonic acid.

Furthermore, in order to increase the insecticidal effect of Scutica ciliated insects, an attempt was made to use three substances of stabilized chlorine dioxide, citric acid and hydrogen peroxide in the same manner as described above. The concentration ratio of stabilized chlorine dioxide, citric acid and hydrogen peroxide was set to 100: 0.05: 5 here. The results are shown in Table 4.

Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide Concentration (ppm) Citric Acid Concentration (ppm) H ₂ O ₂ concentration (ppm) Insecticidal effect Time required for sterilization 0.1 5X10 ^-5 5X10 ^-3 X - 0.2 1X10 ^-4 1X10 ^-2 O About 2 hours 0.5 2.5X10 ^-4 2.5X10 ^-2 O 40 minutes One 5X10 ^-4 5X10 ^-2 O 20 minutes 5 2.5X10 ^-3 2.5X10 ^-1 O About 2 minutes 10 5X10 ^-3 5X10 ^-1 O > 1 minute 20 1X10 ^-2 One O > 1 minute

By using citric acid and hydrogen peroxide together, when the stabilizing chlorine dioxide concentration was 0.5 ppm or more, all of the Scutica ciliary insects could be killed within 1 hour. The same experimental results were obtained even when the concentration ratio of stabilized chlorine dioxide, citric acid and hydrogen peroxide was set to 100: 0.01: 1 to 100: 2: 20. In addition, the same experimental results as in the case of citric acid were also obtained when acetic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and tartaric acid were used as the organic carbonic acid.

In addition, the same experimental results were obtained even when sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ), a kind of chlorite, was used in place of stabilized chlorine dioxide.

[Comparative Example]

(Damage of fish farm by Skutika infectious disease)

Here, the fry damage in the flounder farm where Scutika infection occurred was shown in FIG. 1. In this farm, 2,500 fish of less than 20 cm in length were farmed under the conditions shown in Table 5.

Water tank size Water level Water quantity Quantity recovery rate 7.5m X 8m 50cm 20 ~ 22 ℃ 30t 1 ~ 1.5t / hour

Three days after the start of the larval farming, eight of them died and their bodies were dissected to confirm that Scutica ciliated insects were found and caused by Scutika infection. In this tank, insecticides such as formalin were not used, so a large amount of fry died every day and all of the flounder fry in the tank died 39 days after the start of farming.

It is only a matter of time before the fry in the tank are wiped out once Scutica infections occur.

Example 1

Next, in Example 1 of the present invention, in the flounder farm where Scutica infection developed, stabilizing chlorine dioxide, citric acid and hydrogen peroxide were added to the cultured water and bathed. In this case, the change of the number of fry of the fry is shown in FIG. Since it is an example in another tank of the same farm as the comparative example, the types and the conditions of the fry are the same as the comparative example.

In Example 1, 12 mortalities were found on the day of culture start. After dissecting the carcass, it was confirmed that Scutica ciliated was found and died due to Scutika infection.

Therefore, the medicinal solutions in which the respective chemicals were added in a concentration ratio of 1 ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide, 0.15 ppm of citric acid, and 15 ppm of hydrogen peroxide were bathed in the cultured water for 3 hours a day for 12 days from the day of the start of the culture. At this time, the water tank was a completely dark room, and the ultraviolet rays were completely blocked. In addition, a recovery rate was as usual.

Next, for 4 days on the 13th to 16th days, the return was stopped and the fry were bathed in succession in the chemical solution of the above concentration.

Next, for 12 days from the 17th to the 28th day, the rate of return was normal and the medicinal solution of the above concentration was bathed for 3 hours per day.

As is clear from Fig. 2, the number of dead fry rapidly decreased from 17 to 28 days, and the number of fry caused by Scutika infection was zero at 30 days from the beginning of culture, and the squeezes in the tank where the fry were previously forced to annihilate. Tikka infection was completely curable.

In addition, when the bath was continued for 4 days a day for 7 days, death by Scutika infection was not found in the tank.

Example 2

Next, as Example 2 of the present invention, stabilizing chlorine dioxide, citric acid, and hydrogen peroxide were added to the cultured water in the flounder farm in which Scutika infection occurred, as in Example 1. The change in the number of fry in this case is shown in FIG. 3. Since it is an Example in another tank of the same farm as the comparative example and Example 1, the kind and culture conditions of a fry are the same as the comparative example and Example 1.

In Example 2, nine mortalities were found on the day of culture start. After dissecting the carcass, it was confirmed that Scutica ciliated was found and died due to Scutika infection.

Thus, in the same manner as in Example 1, each medicated solution was added to the concentrations of 1 ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide, 0.15 ppm of citric acid, and 15 ppm of hydrogen peroxide in the cultured water. At this time, the water tank was a completely dark room, and the ultraviolet rays were completely blocked. In addition, a recovery rate was as usual.

Next, the water was stopped for 4 hours on the 13th to 16th days, and the fry were bathed in succession in the chemical liquid of the above concentration.

Next, for 12 days from the 17th to the 28th day, the rate of return was normal and the medicinal solution of the above concentration was bathed for 3 hours per day.

As is clear from Fig. 3, in Example 2, the number of larvae that died after the 19th day was drastically decreased, and the number of the larvae was 5 at the 27th day from the start of the culture. On the 30th, the number of fry killed by Scutika infection became zero, and the Scutika infection was completely cured in a tank where the fry were previously forced to be wiped out.

Also, after 7 days of continuous bathing for 4 hours a day, death by Scutika infection was not found in the tank.

Example 3

Next, Example 3 of the present invention is a flounder farm in which Scutica infection is developed, and stabilized chlorine dioxide, citric acid and hydrogen peroxide are added to the cultured water in a tank in which formalin and trichlorphone have already been used as a disinfectant, but treatment effects have not been confirmed. The bath was added and bathed. At this farm, 49,900 fry of 15 cm or less were farmed in 10 tanks under the conditions shown in Table 6.

Water tank size Water level Water quantity Quantity recovery rate 7.5m Φ 50cm 21.5 ~ 15.5 ℃ 9.8t 1 ~ 1.5t / hour

The change in the number of dental mortality in the farm is shown in FIG. 4. In Example 3, after the flounder fry died and the cause was confirmed to be Scutica infection, differently from Examples 1 and 2, first, in a chemical solution adjusted to formalin concentration 250 ppm as a fungicide (formalin was added to aquaculture water) The cheerleaders were bathed for 1 hour a day (3 days between 9/12 and 9/14). However, during this time, the number of fry killed.

Next, the fry were bathed for 4 hours a day in the chemical solution adjusted to 10 ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide concentration (4 days of 9/15 to 9/18 days). However, during this time, the number of fry was not reduced.

Later, when the abortion was stopped between 9/19 and 9/22, the number of dead shooters surged and reached hundreds per day. For this reason, the pomace was bathed for 1 hour a day in the chemical liquid adjusted to 250 ppm again (3 days of 9/22-9/24). As a result, the number of deaths temporarily decreased, but soon the number of deaths per day increased to nearly 1,000.

For this reason, in the chemical solution adjusted to formalin concentration 250ppm, the fry were bathed for 1 hour a day (3 days of 9/28 ~ 9/30), and then the cheerleader was added for 0.5 hours per day in the chemical solution with formalin concentration adjusted to 350ppm. We bathed (3 days of 10/1-10/3). As a result, the number of deaths per day was reduced to 400 or less at 10/3. Defective individuals were also selected and disposed of at 10/2 and 10/3.

The long term high concentration bath of 350ppm for formalin may adversely affect the health of the fry, so for 6 days of 10 / 4-10 / 9, the concentration was adjusted to 20ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide and 0.5ppm of trichlorone instead of the formalin bath. The pomace was bathed for 4 hours a day in a chemical solution (stabilized chlorine dioxide and trichlorphone were added to the cultured water). Defective individuals were selected and disposed of at 10/5 (total 3000 animals were disposed in three times of 10/2, 10/3 and 10/5). However, the number of deaths in these six days increased by more than 10/3.

Therefore, the fry were bathed for 2 hours a day in the chemical liquid adjusted to formalin concentration 300 ppm (3 days until 10 / 9-10 / 11). However, the number of deaths was about 500 and no signs of decline were found.

Next, in consideration of pomace health, the fry were bathed for 5 hours a day in a chemical solution adjusted to 10 ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide and 0.5 ppm of trichlorphone for 3 days of 10/11 to 10/13. As a result, the number of deaths temporarily decreased on 10/12, but increased on 10/13.

As described above, three types of drugs, formalin, stabilized chlorine dioxide, and trichlorphone, were used until 10/13, but they were not able to cure Scutica infection and could not improve the situation of daily death of large fry.

Therefore, after 10/13, the fry were bathed in a chemical solution (added to the cultured water) in which each agent was added so as to have a concentration ratio of 1 ppm of stabilized chlorine dioxide, 0.15 ppm of citric acid, and 15 ppm of hydrogen peroxide. Bath time is as shown in Table 7. In addition, the water tank was a completely dark room, and the ultraviolet ray was completely blocked.

date Bath time 10/13 10/14 10/15 10/16 10/17 10/18 ~ 10/22 10/23 10/23 ~ 11/3 6 12 6 Stop Bathing 6 6 Stop Bathing 6

On the 10/14, the day after the start of bathing with a chemical solution of 1 ppm of stabilizing chlorine dioxide, 0.15 ppm of citric acid, and 15 ppm of hydrogen peroxide, the number of deaths was reduced by 100 or more. In addition, the two days of 10/16 and 10/23 were not bathed, but the number of deaths decreased over time, and after 10/22, it became less than 100 per day. In 11/3, the number of fry killed by Scutika infection was zero.

In addition, when the bath was continued for 4 days a day for 7 days, death by Scutika infection was not found in the tank.

As described above, the method for treating and preventing squaticosis of the present invention is very effective against the squatting infections that occurred in aquaculture farms that could not cope with formalin or organophosphorus insecticide. In addition, the use of a combination of low-toxic drugs, so there is no health problem to the health of the fry if provided for food.

Many improvements and other embodiments of the present invention are apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description. The foregoing description is therefore to be construed as illustrative only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the most preferred embodiment of the invention. The details of the structure and / or function may be changed substantially without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The method of treating and preventing squaticosis of the present invention is very useful in the field of fish farming.

Claims (8)

As a method of treating Scutika infection of fish, Chemical solution containing stabilizing chlorine dioxide or chlorite in a concentration range of 0.5 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid or succinic acid in a concentration range of 0.015 ppm or more and 0.3 ppm or less and hydrogen peroxide 5 ppm or more and 30 ppm or less, respectively, A method for treating Skutika infection of fish, characterized by bathing the fish. The method of claim 1, wherein the fish is flounder, turbot or puffer fish. delete The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bath time is 4 hours or more per day. As a method to prevent Scutika infection of fish, Chemical solution containing stabilizing chlorine dioxide or chlorite in a concentration range of 0.5 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid or succinic acid in a concentration range of 0.015 ppm or more and 0.3 ppm or less and hydrogen peroxide 5 ppm or more and 30 ppm or less, respectively, A method for preventing Skutika infectious diseases of fish, characterized by bathing the fish. The method of claim 5, wherein the fish is flounder, turbot or puffer fish. delete 7. A method for preventing Scutika infection of fish according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the bath time is 4 hours or more per day.

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