KR100707521B1 - The method of vegetation on the shotcrete faced slope - Google Patents

Abstract

In Korea, where more than 70% of the country's land is mountainous, cutting slopes are inevitably formed in large-scale land construction, road construction, railway construction, etc. The conventional slope construction method using shotcrete covers the shotcrete on slopes. As time passes, various problems such as deterioration and weathering of the shotcrete surface occur, which greatly hinders the stability of the slope and is not good in appearance. In order to solve this problem, there is a method of newly constructing a green hole after removing the existing shotcrete. However, if the greening hole is recorded on the shotcrete surface without removing the shotcrete due to various reasons such as the stability of the slope and the difficulty of construction, the shotcrete-covered slope is the shotcrete itself and the moisture from the soil to the vegetation base material. By acting as a moisture barrier to block the supply of water caused by the lack of moisture in the planting planting, there was a problem that acts as a barrier to poor growth and successful greening.

The present invention was created to solve the problems of the prior art, and forms a hole at a predetermined interval on the shotcrete without removing the pre-built shotcrete, which serves as a moisture barrier layer, and as a water supply medium. After inserting and installing a coir rope with excellent water retention capacity into the formed hole, it provides a greening method for mounting the vegetation base material on the slope, so that it is inexpensive without removing shotcrete for the shotcrete. It has excellent slope stability and has a remarkable effect of achieving successful greening.

Description

The slope greening method of shotcrete construction {THE METHOD OF VEGETATION ON THE SHOTCRETE FACED SLOPE}

1 is a view showing a slope constructed by a conventional shotcrete method

Figure 2a and Figure 2b is a view showing the decay due to the crack and deterioration due to deterioration occurring on the slope constructed by the conventional shotcrete method, respectively

Figure 2c and Figure 2d is a view showing the problems of the surface exposure and the pore formation between the shotcrete and the base plate generated on the slope constructed by the conventional shotcrete method, respectively

Figure 3 is a state of producing a basic shotcrete sphere of the experimental sphere according to the present invention

4 is a plan view showing the experimental tool hole and the coir rope arrangement according to the present invention.

5 is a view showing the installation of the coir rope and vegetation base material in the experimental zone according to the present invention

Figure 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the experiment sphere according to the present invention

7 is a soil moisture tension measurement of the experimental and control group according to the present invention

8a to 8c is the appearance of the early stage, the middle stage and the late growth of the experimental and control grass according to the present invention, respectively

Figure 9a shows a slope covered with shotcrete

Figure 9b illustrates the step of forming holes in the shotcrete coated slopes in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

9C is a view illustrating a step of inserting and installing a coir rope in a hole formed in a slope according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

9d illustrates a step of mounting a vegetation base on a shotcrete coating surface according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: shotcrete 2: slope

3: hole 4: coir rope

5: vegetation base material 6: groundwater

7: high strength tension net

The present invention relates to a greening method of the inclined surface, and more specifically, in the inclined surface constructed by the shotcrete method, after forming holes at a predetermined interval on the slope coated with shotcrete without removing the pre-built shotcrete, As a water supply medium, one or a plurality of coir ropes having excellent water retention capacity are inserted into the perforated holes and installed, and then the vegetation base material is mounted on the slope covered with shotcrete. The present invention relates to a method for greening a coated slope, and according to the present invention, inexpensive and excellent greening on a slope can be successfully achieved without removing the shotcrete.

In Korea, where more than 70% of the country's land is mountainous, cut slopes are inevitably formed in case of large-scale land construction, road construction, railway construction, etc., and the number and scale are also increasing. Therefore, securing stability in the design and construction of the cut slope is a basic requirement for the smooth use of the structure. In addition, the road inclined slope is most often exposed to bedrock due to the uniqueness of the road, the exposure of bedrock has a problem of providing a bad landscape for the driver and the neighbors. In addition, the sloped slopes formed by road and railroad constructions involve severe risks of collapse in severe natural conditions such as heavy rains and typhoons.

As a method for reinforcing such unstable slopes, a shotcrete method is often used as shown in FIG. 1, and this shotcrete method is a method of inducing surface stabilization by coating a surface of an unstable slope with concrete. As a result, the construction cost has been frequently constructed because of the relatively low cost and the short-term effect.

However, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A to 2D, the slope constructed with shotcrete may cause various problems such as degradation and weathering due to material, use environment, structural external force, and the like, as time passes. It is inevitably accompanied by problems such as a decrease in the service life and a decrease in the service life. This problem is accompanied by secondary risks such as the collapse of the shotcrete itself, the failure to adhere to the ground, and the massive collapse due to the deep destruction, and the shotcrete in case of severe natural conditions such as heavy rain or typhoon. The risk of collapse of slopes covered with is increased even more. In addition, the slope constructed by the shotcrete method has an inherent and fundamental problem that the shotcrete itself acts as a moisture barrier between the ground and the vegetation material, so that the greening is quite difficult and the aesthetics are very poor.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems of the existing slopes constructed by the shotcrete method, after removing the shotcrete from the slopes already constructed by the shotcrete method, reconstruct the surface protection hole for the application of the greening process, and then re-install the greening method. Is being used. However, the following slopes have various construction difficulties and complexity, and there is a problem that may cause unexpected secondary risks when removing the existing shotcrete.

(1) Slopes that may deteriorate stability due to high risk of damaging pre-constructed rock bolts during shotcrete removal

(2) If partial removal is focused on the sections where the dropping is largely due to weathering and erosion, it may be expanded to large-scale shotcrete collapse, and this may cause destruction of structures such as water pipes below the slope.

(3) slopes that may affect adjacent structures due to the generation of significant dust during shotcrete removal

(4) slopes where equipment is not accessible

Therefore, for a slope containing the above-mentioned risk, a method of recording a slope without removing the existing shotcrete is required. However, this method has advantages in terms of simplicity and economy of construction, but as mentioned above, since the shotcrete acts as a moisture barrier layer that blocks the transfer of moisture between the rear surface of the shotcrete and the vegetation base mounted on the shotcrete. However, the vegetation base material mounted on the shotcrete does not grow properly, and there is an ultimate problem in that the greening of the required slope is deteriorated, and a solution for this problem is urgently required.

Greening is an additional construction to improve the aesthetics after reinforcing the slopes. In the past, many of them were exposed to rock slopes, but recently, due to the importance of eco-friendliness and social climate that emphasizes aesthetics, It is trying to restore the destroyed ecosystem to the maximum, such as greening of urban roads, harmony with the surrounding environment after the quarrying is completed, and beautifying the incisions of the park. As part of this effort, more and more cases of greening on reinforcement slopes are being made.

Greening is a safe method of restoring damaged slopes, preventing erosion collapse, restoring landscapes early, and restoring disconnected natural environments and ecosystems. Considering the domestic reality that there are many mountainous areas like Korea, erosion, property and casualties caused by heavy rain or typhoon, and erosion is severe due to spring drought and freezing thawing, it takes a long time to recover. The need for a better recording method than the greening effect is a very urgent task.

According to Korean Patent Application No. 199-0007833 (published on January 1, 1994), which is proposed as a conventional technique for the greening method of such a slope, a net is installed to have a fixed distance on an existing surface of a rock area and anchored with an anchor. The core fiber (coir net) made from fiber from coconut or palm tree is laid on the surface of the court, anchored and anchored, and then sprayed with water on the core to make the core fiber constituting the core. The greening method is disclosed in which the blended mixture is laminated on a coret, if possible.

However, in the conventional greening method, the core net is disposed directly on the surface layer of the inclined surface such as the rock. In this case, the slope such as the rock itself serves as a moisture barrier layer that blocks water supply from the underlying soil. In addition, there is a problem that causes a lack of moisture to the plants planted during greening, and eventually act as a barrier to poor growth and successful greening.

The present invention was created to overcome the problems of the prior art that the slopes constructed with shotcrete as described above, without removing the pre-built shotcrete acting as a moisture barrier layer, perforated at a predetermined interval on the shotcrete slope After this, the water supply medium is a greening method consisting of the step of inserting the vein (coir) rope having excellent moisture retention into the perforated hole, and then attaching the vegetation base material on the slope covered with shotcrete By providing this, it is possible to achieve inexpensive, excellent slope stability and successful greening for the slopes constructed with shotcrete without removing shotcrete.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and an experimental example for the coil rope (coir rope) used as a water supply medium in the present invention.

Since the shotcrete itself acts as a water barrier layer on the shotcrete, the installation of the greening hole after the shotcrete reinforcement presents significant difficulties in the initial settlement of the plant and in maintaining successful greening. Therefore, if you do greenery without removing shotcrete, the greening seems to be successful at first, but its duration is very short and aesthetically distinct from the surrounding landscape. Therefore, it is suitable for domestic situation, added eco-friendly elements, maximizes national efficiency, solves water blocking by shotcrete, and maintains eco-friendly and continuous and successful greening. He created a greening method using a coir rope that can serve as a water supply.

Coir is a fiber obtained from the fruit of coconut. Coconut is a fruit of a tall palm tree belonging to a palm family that grows in tropical subtropical regions such as Southeast Asia. To commercialize. The fruit of cocos palm is the outermost smooth skin, and the inner mesothelial is 2 ~ 5cm thick fibrous layer. Take out the fibrous layer, soak it in water for several months, tap it on a plate to remove any debris, wash it with water and dry. Palm fiber harvesters can be used to obtain fiber without immersion in water and yield higher yields. From 1 ha, 5,000 to 6,000 fruits can be obtained, and from 1 fruit, 30 to 79 g of fiber can be obtained. Its main origin is Sri Lanka, India, and Philippines.

Coconut fiber is a natural fiber that is supplied in sufficient quantity without any season, and the advantage is that the industrial base is already established in the coconut fields of various countries in Southeast Asia. It also has excellent physical properties such as:

. Excellent moisturizing-helps plant growth

. Strong Tensile Force-Durable

. High flexibility-ease of construction

. Strong flame resistance

. Strong ventilation and permeability

In addition, the fiber itself is composed of almost Cellulose and Lignin, so it is harmless to the environment.

Coir rope (coir rope) used in the present invention is made of vegetable natural fiber extracted from cocos in a rope shape is composed of 100% coconut natural fiber. Excellent breathability, warmth, and moisture retention, tensile strength is stronger than the rope, reduces radiant heat and has a good aesthetics. Commonly used coir rope may be formed as needed to have a variety of diameters, but generally has a diameter of 3 ~ 10mm.

In the present invention, in order to check the effectiveness of the water transfer effect on the coir rope, which plays an important role as a water transfer medium from the ground to the vegetation base material mounted on the surface layer of shotcrete, the plant is prepared after making an environment similar to the actual shotcrete slope. An experiment was conducted to check the growth state by planting.

In a coir rope  Moisture Transfer Validation Experiment

1. Experimental method

(1) Lab

For the preparation of the experimental plot, the experimental plot and the control plot were prepared according to the presence of the nose and irrigation in order to compare the plant growth according to the water transfer capacity and artificial irrigation of the coir rope.

First, shotcrete spheres (30 * 30 * 5cm) were manufactured and installed in a square acrylic barrel as shown in FIG. 3, and then a coir rope was installed in the experimental zone to check the water transfer by the coir rope. As shown in FIG. 4, five coarse ropes are inserted into four holes previously made during the production of shotcrete, and the coarse ropes are closely adhered to the shotcrete slope and are radially unfolded so as to be adjacent to the coarse ropes. By allowing the coir ropes to be in close contact with each other, it is also possible to transfer moisture between the coir ropes.

Next, after coating the coir rope on the shotcrete slope, the vegetation base material was filled thereon as shown in FIG. The vegetation base material was mixed with sandy loam, humus fertilizer and coco peat at a ratio of 10: 1: 0.5. In addition, in the experimental zone, the pipe was connected from the bottom to the vegetation base material to enable watering by making a water supply hole for fresh water (see FIG. 6).

(2) Plant species selection

The plant species was selected as the paper grass species, which have fast grass formation due to the limited test period and the limit of test factors, and have a high resistance to dryness, tolerability and disease resistance, and better germination and growth rate than Korean grass. Sheep grass used in the test was Tall fescue and perennial ryegrass species, which are generally used in the lawn composition.

(3) sowing

It was not sown separately and sown directly on the vegetation base. Seedlings, soybean seeds were sown 44g in the experimental and control groups, respectively, and then slightly covered the surface with soil to induce germination.

(4) watering

In order to check the difference between the grass formation and growth, and to check the water transfer capacity of the coir rope, the upper surface water and the lower surface fresh water, respectively. As the management during the cultivation, both the upper surface spray and the lower surface fresh water were used for the tap water. The upper surface spray was supplied twice a day during the grass formation and settlement in the soil. In order to determine the growth rate, the upper surface spray was stopped and natural rainfall was relied on. The lower surface freshwater supplied the appropriate amount once a month in accordance with the change of the fresh water in the experimental zone where the koi rope was installed (maintain the water level about 1/2 of the space between the lower part of the experimental cylinder and the shotcrete). To be supplied).

(5) measurement

Atmospheric temperature, humidity and soil temperature and humidity, which are the major environmental factors affecting plant growth, were measured daily in the experimental and control groups. In addition, in order to confirm the difference in plant growth, the plant height and the number of plants were measured by the section once a week and expressed as an average value. In particular, the soil humidity, the ultimate goal of this experiment, was measured and compared once a day using a soil moisture tension meter.

(6) Recording state observation

The main environmental factors and soil environment were measured to investigate the moisture transfer and growth of plants by coyrope.

The temperature and humidity of the atmosphere were measured to determine the amount of increase and divergence affecting the water absorption and delivery of plants. The measurement was measured on a daily basis, and the amount of increase and divergence varies depending on the weather according to time, so the measurement was measured based on the time when soil moisture tension was measured.

Soil temperature affects the initial germination of the plant and also affects the growth of the ground, so that the initial germination and the growth of the plant to some extent were measured once a day for the experimental and control groups. A general mercury thermometer was used, and the measurement time was based on the time when soil moisture tension measurement was completed, similar to the measurement of air temperature and humidity.

The grass height and the number of individuals were measured as objective data to confirm the growth state. The height and population were measured once a week during the experiment, and nine plots of the experimental and control groups were measured for each section and expressed as average values. The measurement of the height was carried out for individuals with maximum and minimum lengths per compartment, and the average value was obtained.

Soil response and pH were measured to ensure that the soil environment was adequate for growing plants. Plants were measured for each experimental and control group once a week in order to prevent unhealthy growth due to pH because the plant has a suitable soil response and pH range for growth.

Soil moisture tension was measured as the most objective and practical data that could confirm the water transfer capacity of the coir rope (see FIG. 7). Soil moisture tension is a numerical value representing the soil moisture condition and was measured once a day for 2 hours using a soil moisture tension meter.

2. Experimental Results

(1) Result by visual observation

1) Number of individuals

As can be seen from <Table 1> and [Figure 1] below, the population showed more populations in the control group than in the experimental group at the early germination stage. In the early stages of germination, the top sprinkling was carried out in order to improve germination and promote constant growth. However, after discontinuing the sprinkling, the difference in growth according to the soil holding water through the freshwater freshwater showed that there was a clear decrease in the population shortly after the sprinkling was stopped. In particular, there was a significant decrease in populations in the control group without fresh water, but within two weeks after stopping the irrigation, the population decreased significantly to half of the initial population. . In particular, in the later stages of the experiment, the population was reduced to the extent that it was possible to visually measure and confirm the population. The experimental group also showed a decrease in population over time, but it was much lower than the control, and the decrease was small enough to be observed when visually observed. However, it was confirmed that the population decreased compared to the initial treatment of both face water and fresh water.

<Table 1> Change in Population

               [Figure 1] Comparison of changes in population

2) Chojang

As can be seen from <Table 2> and [Figure 2] below, the height of grass was decreased in the experimental group compared to the beginning of the experiment, but it showed a steady increase with time. On the other hand, control height increased at the beginning of the experiment, but began to decrease after 2 weeks of irrigation cessation. Although the decrease was not significant, it was confirmed that the grass growth did not occur anymore as the grass height did not increase any more.

<Table 2> Changes in Height

                    [Figure 2] Comparison of changes in height

3) Status

As can be seen from Figure 8a, in the early stage of growth, both the experimental and control grass growth was good. The grass grew straight and stiff, and the soil density was good. The grass was bluish green and very healthy to look at.

However, due to the drying of the soil due to the stoppage of the upper surface water, the growth of the grass gradually showed a poor condition. There was no increase in population and height was increased, but health was decreased compared to the beginning. Some of the control turf began to wither, and some began to lose green and turn yellow. The grass collapsed and tangled, and the control grasses showed a noticeable state of wilting or entanglement compared to the experimental grass still straight and growing correctly (see FIG. 8B).

As can be seen in Figure 8c, the growth did not occur any more during the second half of the growth, the growth was reduced markedly, such as a decrease in population and height. Turf density on the initial soils was significantly reduced, and the dry soil surface was exposed to the environment intact. The weeding and tangling of the control turf became more severe, with more than 90% drying or dying compared to the beginning. Most of them were yellow, and some of the green grasses were also poorly grown. Experimental grasses also showed lower density compared to the initial stage due to the decrease in population, but still showed good condition.

4) soil condition

When the upper surface spray and the lower surface freshwater were performed at the beginning of the experiment, the soil surface as well as the deep soil was very wet. However, the soil surface (topsoil) was rapidly dried after stopping the sprinkling, and gradually dried up to the deep (soil) of the soil. The topsoil was softly scattered with sand grains.

(2) result by measurement

1) soil moisture

Soil moisture was measured once a day for each test and control. As a result of measuring soil moisture using soil moisture tension meter, the pF value of the control group was smaller than that of the experimental group after 1 day of stopping the sprinkling. However, after 2 days, the pF value of the control was higher than that of the experiment. The pF value of the control group began to increase gradually as the experiment progressed, whereas the pF value of the control group was measured to be smaller than the initial measurement after stopping the sprinkling (see Figs. 3, 4a and 4b below).

        [Figure 3] Comparison of pF change between experimental and control

   [Figure 4a] pF change in experimental group [Figure 4b] pF change in control

Overall, comparing the pF changes, it can be seen that the pF change curves of the experimental and control groups were similar. This sudden change in pF at some specific measurement date is deeply related to the atmospheric environment of the measurement day. The moisture content of the soil is deeply related to the water use of the plant, and the evaporation and transpiration, the atmospheric environment, are closely related to the plant's water draw from the soil. Therefore, it is considered that the point where the pF value suddenly decreased in the graph was that the atmosphere was humid and the weather was cloudy or the humidity was high. A sharp increase in pF value indicates a significant increase in moisture demand as the weather suddenly becomes hot or dry.

After discontinuation of the sprinkles, the pF value should generally show an increasing curve as shown in the control plot. Because over time, the moisture retained by the soil is lost by other external or internal factors. Therefore, the soil is dried and the moisture demand of the soil increases. The control shows the graph curve of this general theoretical aspect. Therefore, the control group shows that the moisture demand of the soil gradually increases due to the drying of the soil over time, and the soil retains very little moisture. On the other hand, as shown in [Fig. 4a] and <Table 3>, the experimental group shows that the measured value decreases over time. The experimental section was subjected to continuous surface freshening to check the growth difference according to the irrigation after stopping the sprinkling. Therefore, the reason why the pF value of the experimental group is shown in [Figure 4a] is because the soil moisture is constantly maintained by the freshwater. And the mechanism of water movement according to freshwater is due to the coir rope connecting the shotcrete and the bottom surface. The coir rope continuously supplies water from the bottom surface to the soil to maintain a constant moisture content. It could be confirmed.

<Table 3> pF changes in experimental and control groups

2) atmospheric temperature and humidity

Atmospheric temperature and humidity are closely related to soil moisture. This is because the amount of evaporation in the soil increases or decreases depending on the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere. This experiment did not show the difference in soil moisture according to air temperature and humidity because both the experimental and control groups were placed in the same environment with the same atmospheric humidity and temperature (see Table 4).

<Table 4> Changes in Air Temperature and Humidity

(3) Analysis of experimental results

As the most objective and reliable data to confirm the difference in plant growth, the plants of the experimental group showed better growth than the control group. The grass height was almost similar at the early stage of growth, but it was confirmed that the difference of grass height appeared toward the later stage of the experiment. Populations and soil densities also showed similar numbers in the early years, but more pronounced later in life. The decrease in the population of the control group was significantly faster than the experimental group, and it was confirmed that the population was reduced to 1/2 of the initial population in two weeks. Plant growth and population, i.e. plant growth, are affected by several environmental factors, as mentioned above, especially in the early germination and early growth of plants. Plants are nourished and grow through photosynthesis, and these two elements are the most basic and essential components of photosynthesis. Therefore, when light and moisture are insufficient, growth inhibition appears, and when the two elements are insufficient during initial germination, germination is not achieved. In the present experiment, both the experimental and the control group proceeded under the same light conditions, so the difference in growth in the experimental and control groups can be said to be due to the difference in soil moisture. In the early germination, there was no difference between the experimental and control groups. The reason for this is the effect of the surface spraying for the initial constant growth. The growth of the soil in the experimental and control soils began to occur after stopping the surface spraying. It seems to be. Therefore, the experimental group showed better growth than the control group after stopping the sprinkling, because the moisture was continuously supplied to the soil through the water transfer of the coir rope by the lower surface fresh water continuously supplied to the experimental group. to be.

In addition, the moisture retention of the soil according to the moisture transfer of the coir rope can be confirmed from the soil moisture measurement results through the soil tension meter. The soil tension meter measures the soil moisture potential, which can be used as a data indicating the amount of water in the soil. Soil moisture tension is expressed as pF. A low pF value indicates that the soil moisture content is high. pF = 0 indicates that the soil is saturated.

As a result of measuring soil moisture tension in the experimental and control groups, the control group showed lower pF value than the experimental group. In other words, the state of lower water need, ie control soil, retains more water than experimental soil. However, as the experiment progressed, the experimental group had a lower pF value than the initial measured value, and the change in pF value was very small over time. The pF value was maintained between 1.5 and 2.0 for pF suitable for grass growth. If the pF value was suitable for growth and kept constant even though it was not sprinkled, this means that the water supplied to the freshwater from the lower part of the experimental area was supplied to the vegetation base material by the coir rope. If no water transfer by the coir rope occurs, the experimental pF value should increase continuously toward the end of the experiment. And it is important to ensure that no external moisture has been provided to maintain the pF value during the experiment. At the time of the experiment, there was almost no water supply due to rainfall, and even if the water was supplied, it occurred in both the experimental and control groups, so it was correct that the pF of the two test groups showed the same change pattern. However, it can be seen that the cause of the difference seen in the experimental and control groups is due to the difference in water transfer by the coir rope, not the difference caused by the water supply due to rainfall. Occasionally, the extreme change in the observed pF value is the difference due to the weather on the day measured, and the change in the pF value occurred when the temperature of the atmosphere suddenly became hot or the atmosphere became wet (rainfall).

The control group had a low initial pF value but continued to increase in the later phases of the experiment, indicating an increasing need for moisture. In other words, the water consumes all the water it had in the beginning and needs water supply from the outside. In the control soils, the drying progressed rapidly as the experiment proceeded, and the lack of moisture in the soil eventually reduced the growth of the plants. Therefore, in the experimental zone containing adequate moisture, the plant showed healthy growth because the plant continuously maintained the necessary water supply from the soil to the plant, and the control group did not supply the plant with the required amount of water for growth. As a result, the plants did not grow healthy.

3. Conclusion of the experiment

According to the experimental results of the present invention, the experimental group which induced moisture transfer by the coir rope showed much better growth than the control group. The shotcrete itself acts as a moisture barrier layer on the shotcrete-covered slopes and blocks the water supply from the raw soil to the vegetation-based material. Therefore, a problem occurs due to the lack of water supply to the vegetation base material. After greening, in environments where plant irrigation is difficult, plants rely mostly on natural rainfall for the water they need to grow. However, this is not only natural, but also limited by region and climate, so long-term successful greening is necessary not only for rainfall but also for sufficient moisture from the ground to the vegetation base.

Therefore, in order to successfully induce sufficient moisture, a water mediator capable of overcoming the problems of the shotcrete itself, which serves as a moisture barrier layer, is needed. The effect comes from the difference in moisture transfer by the coir rope of the present invention, it can be confirmed that the coir rope has an excellent effect as a water transfer medium because of excellent water retention capacity.

Example

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are based on the above experimental results in which the excellent water supply capacity of the coil rope is confirmed, and will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 9a shows a conventional discontinuous sloped surface covered with shotcrete. Reference numeral 1 denotes shotcrete coated on a slope, and reference numeral 2 denotes a slope. When the vegetation base material is mounted on the slope covered with the shotcrete as it is, the shotcrete itself serves as a barrier to block the water supply from the ground to the vegetation base material. have. Therefore, there are cases of removing shotcrete and constructing a green hole, but when it is practically difficult to remove shotcrete due to various factors as described above, a method of effectively supplying moisture from the ground to the vegetation base is required.

Figure 9b shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention to solve the above problems with the prior art, a constant distance on the slope covered with shotcrete without removing the pre-coated shotcrete from the conventional slope A hole 3 is formed, and the hole 3 is drilled to a part where water flows in the cut slope, that is, to the groundwater layer. The holes 3 to be drilled may be variously formed at regular or irregular intervals in consideration of various conditions of the slope, but according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interval s of the holes 3 to be drilled 3 Is usually formed regularly from 300 mm to 1,000 mm. In addition, the diameter (d) of the hole to be drilled can be formed in various ways in consideration of the soil state and the water content of the base, it is usually formed in a diameter of 20 mm ~ 100 mm.

Figure 9c shows the step of installing and inserting a coir rope (4), which has already been proved to have excellent water retention through the experiments of the present invention, into each of the perforations 3 drilled above. The lower part of the coir rope 4 according to the present invention is inserted into the hole 3 so as to reach the groundwater layer in which water flows in the slope, and the upper part of the coarse rope 4 closely adheres to the shotcrete slope. By forming a close relationship between adjacent coir ropes, water can be transferred between the coir ropes. The coir rope 4 of the present invention may be installed by inserting a single coir rope having a large diameter or a plurality of coir ropes having a smaller diameter inserted into the hole 3 while being twisted with each other. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coir ropes having a diameter of 3 to 10 mm are arranged to be radially deployed after being inserted into each of three to five holes.

9D shows that the shotcrete covered with the shotcrete is formed by drilling a hole 3 into the shotcrete-covered slope 2 at a predetermined interval, inserting the coir rope 4 into the hole 3, and 2) shows the step of mounting the vegetation base (5) on. As can be seen from the above figure, the coir rope 4 of the present invention in contact with the groundwater layer 6 in the slope draws moisture from the groundwater layer of the ground and continuously supplies it to the vegetation base material 5 for a long time. Excellent greening of the slope is achieved. Next, in the vegetation base material supplied with sufficient moisture from the ground through the coir rope of the present invention, various vegetation plants are vegeted for greening of slopes.

As described above, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the inclined surface constructed with shotcrete, the hole-coated at a predetermined interval on the shotcrete-coated slope 2 without removing the pre-coated shotcrete 1 drilling holes and inserting one or more coil ropes into the formed holes, and then attaching the vegetation base material on the shotcrete-covered slope. It relates to a greening method of the slope covered with shotcrete.

In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10, by further configuring the high-strength tension net (7) may be more excellently achieved stability of the slope and the effect of the green hole. That is, according to the embodiment, the present invention, in the inclined surface constructed with shotcrete, does not remove the pre-built shotcrete 1, but forms holes in the shotcrete-coated slope 2 at regular intervals. After inserting and installing one or a plurality of coil ropes (4) in the formed holes (holes), a high-strength tension net (7) is installed on the top surface covered with the shotcrete, and then By mounting the vegetation base 5 on the slope covered with shotcrete, excellent slope stability and greening can be achieved on the slope covered with shotcrete.

The present invention can achieve excellent greening effect on the slope formed by the rock as well as the slope covered with shotcrete. That is, in the rock formed slopes, the rock itself also serves to block the water supply from the original ground like shotcrete. According to another embodiment of the present invention, holes in the rock to the groundwater layer through which water in the rock flows are fixed at regular intervals. Perforations and inserting one or more coil ropes having proven excellent water retention into the formed holes, and installing a high-strength tension net on the shotcrete-coated upper surface. Then, by attaching the vegetation base material to the rock slope, it is possible to achieve excellent slope stability and greening even on the rock slope.

As described above, the greening method of the slope covered with shotcrete according to the present invention, when it is difficult to remove the pre-constructed shotcrete due to various factors, serves to block the water supply from the raw ground to the vegetation base material After removing the shotcrete to be inserted into the holes formed at regular intervals in the shotcrete coir rope confirmed excellent moisture retention through the experiment of the present invention, the vegetation base material on the existing shotcrete slope By attaching, there is a remarkable effect of achieving inexpensive, excellent slope stability and successful greening after a long time without removing shotcrete on a slope constructed with shotcrete.

As described above, the present invention may be modified in various ways, and the above description is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains are included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (6)

In the slope greening method for recording the inclined surface constructed with shotcrete without removing the shotcrete, holes are formed in the shotcrete-covered slope at regular intervals, and one or more holes are formed into the formed holes. After installing by inserting a coil rope (coir rope), the greening method of the shotcrete-covered slopes characterized in that the step of mounting the vegetation base material on the shotcrete-covered slopes In the slope greening method for recording the inclined surface constructed with shotcrete without removing the shotcrete, holes are formed in the shotcrete-covered slope at regular intervals, and one or more holes are formed into the formed holes. After installing by inserting a coil rope (coir rope), the high-strength tension net is installed on the top surface covered with the shotcrete, and the step of mounting the vegetation base material on the shotcrete-covered slope Greening method of slope covered with shotcrete The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formed hole (hole) has a diameter of 20 mm to 100 mm, the shotcrete-covered slope greening method The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formed hole is a greening method of the slope covered with shotcrete, characterized in that formed at intervals of 300 mm to 1,000 mm 3. The coil rope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein three to five coil ropes are inserted into each of the holes, and an upper portion of the coil ropes is closely contacted on the shotcrete and spread radially adjacent to each other. Shotcrete-covered slope greening method characterized in that a close relationship is formed between coir ropes In the method of recording the slope formed by the rock, holes are formed at regular intervals, one or more coil ropes are inserted into the formed holes, and high-strength tension is installed. After the net is installed on the upper slope formed by the rock, slope greening method comprising the step of mounting the vegetation base material on the rock slope

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