KR100661477B1 - Nutrient-Coated Soil Conditioner for Slowly Targeted Release of Nutrients and the Production Process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a non-powder-coated soil modifier and a method for producing the same, wherein the plant nutrients are controlled slowly. The present invention relates to a slurry comprising a non-powder-containing slurry having at least one cation exchange capacity in a matrix composed of organic substances that are harmless to plants. It is coated on expandable inorganic materials so that cations can be eluted slowly and supplied to plants in soil or hydroponic aqueous solution for a long time, thus making the fertility medium growing and providing convenience for plant cultivation and ease of service. have.

Soil modifier, expandable inorganic material, plant growth medium, matrix, cation exchange capacity

Description

Non-powder-coated soil conditioner with controlled release of plant nutrients and its manufacturing method {Nutrient-Coated Soil Conditioner for Slowly Targeted Release of Nutrients and the Production Process}

1 is a flow chart related to a method for producing a non-powder-coated soil improving agent of the present invention

2 is a graph showing the change of the residual content with time of the test and the control of Ca-free soil of the multi-element Ca-containing soil modifier

3 is a graph showing the change of the residual content with time of the control group consisting of Mg-containing soil improver and Mg non-particulate

Figure 4 is a graph of the change of the residual content with time of the test and the non-Fe control soil fertilizer containing trace elements Fe

The present invention relates to a soil improving agent and a manufacturing method, and more particularly, to continuously fertilize the medium in which the plant is grown and to cultivate the plant by allowing the cation to be slowly released from the aqueous solution for soil or hydroponic cultivation for a long time. The present invention relates to a soil-improving agent coated with a non-powder containing a cationic component in order to provide convenience and ease of service.

The fertility of the soil as a plant growth medium is high soil productivity, that is, intelligence, which is affected by the soil fertilization (fertilizer-bearing force), physicochemical properties, and soil management.

When soil uses fertilizers such as nitrogen (NH ₄ -N), phosphoric acid (P), kali (K), lime (Ca) and goto (Mg), soil particles adsorb and preserve these cations. This force is the force of corrosion caused by the decomposition of clay and organic matter in the soil, which causes the soil to have anions, and these anions electrically adsorb and preserve the fertilizer component of the cation. However, the number of negative ions in clay and erosion is not infinite, and the number depends on the amount and quality of the clay or erosion of the soil. The cations adsorbed to neutralize the negative of the soil colloid are replaced by other ions in the soil solution. Sometimes. That is, if there is any cation in the soil solution, it extracts other ions from the colloidal surface and enters the place. This reaction is called substitution.

The total ability of a soil colloid to adsorb and displace any cation is directly based on its electrical capacity, or total negative charge. The greater the negative charge, the greater the ability to adsorb and substitute. The total capacity for adsorption and substitution is expressed in milligram equivalents of cations, called the colloidal cation substitution capacity or base substitution capacity. Soils or colloids with larger displacement capacity will result in less loss of manure and better crop growth. When the fertilizer is used in the soil, the fertilizer is not absorbed into the crop as it is, and these components are adsorbed to the soil particles as much as the base substitution capacity of the soil, and the remainder is dissolved in the soil solution, and the dissolved nutrient is absorbed directly into the crop or water. With it, it will be eluted down and lost.

In order to compensate for these disadvantages, there is a need to adjust the nutrient supply so that the fertilizer component is stored in the soil and the fertilizer component can be gradually supplied when the crop is needed.

Sustained release formulations using polymers have been researched and developed in the pharmaceutical industry in order to prevent the absorption of substances due to the short residence time of drugs mainly in the pharmaceutical industry (Korean Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1994, Vol. 24, No. 3). 155-165, Journal of Korean Pharmaceutical Sciences 1987, Vol. 17, No. 2, 47-53, etc.), the granule model of sustained-release preparations is largely extended to the coating and sustained release of the matrix. Generally known.

Sustained release nitrogen-coated seedlings (published 10-2004-0102048), recently known in the agricultural field, provide long-term delivery of nitrogen nutrients necessary for the developmental growth of plants compared to conventional immediate release nitrogen fertilizers, but other nutrients required for plant growth. It does not provide a source and can be directly coated on the seed itself, resulting in a low adhesion of the coating and blocking the air to be supplied to the seed.

As a pesticide raw material that is controlled in a controlled release using biodegradable polymer, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-85902, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-116103, Korean Patent No. 316145, Patent Publication No. 2002-58999 and Patent Publication No. 2004-0068732 discloses a pesticide preparation and a manufacturing method, but there is a problem in that the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is not practical because the injection molding is performed by directly mixing biodegradable polymers directly into the active pesticide active ingredient itself. . Time-release controlled coating pesticide granules (International Publication No. 1998/31221) coated with a coating material containing a thermoplastic resin as an active ingredient have been known, and such a substance release control is being used in a wider field.

In terms of supply control of non-powdered ingredients, Korean Patent Publication No. 2004-0105786 discloses a urea-formaldehyde polymer, which is a particulate source of sustained-release nitrogen, which also regulates the supply of nitrogen components for an extended period of time, thereby controlling various nutrient supply. There is a disadvantage in that the limitation of use and efficiency is low because it is not possible. The film-coated fertilizer controlled by International Publication No. 1998/14414 has the advantage of supplying various nutrients at once, but coating various nutrient-containing substances themselves so that it can be applied to the state of fertilizer such as powder, granule, paste, liquid, etc. Depending on the coating treatment method may vary, the manufacturing process is complicated, it is difficult to uniformize the coating thickness when the film is supplied through the coating device, the nutrient supply may be delayed by the film coating step, but only by the film coating method It is difficult to anticipate the continuous or continuous dissolution or supply of nutrients. Sustained-release fertilizer disclosed in International Publication No. 1999/63817 also has a disadvantage in that the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is increased by having an intermediate layer or pre-coating layer by an organic oil such as crude linseed oil before the application of the polymer encapsulation coating.

Among the expandable inorganic materials used for coating non-powder in the present invention, the perlite has a quenching lava ejected by volcanic activity while volatile gases, moisture, etc. do not escape out of the cooling process and contain crystal water in the waste hole properly. As a kind of volcanic rock, it is mainly used for agricultural horticulture and landscaping artificial soil, light weight aggregate for building and interior and exterior sound absorption tile, and filler of polymer material. Perlite is an amorphous mineral that does not have a negative charge on its surface, so its capacity to retain nutrients is close to zero, and the technology to coat clay minerals with high cation substitution capacity has been disclosed to compensate for this. 10-2003-0002177).

Vermiculite among the expandable inorganic materials used for coating non-powder in the present invention is a mica-like mineral that contains a lot of magnesium and aluminum, and is a pollution-free material used for building materials, refractory materials, concentrated acids, horticulture, etc. It has properties such as hygroscopicity, light weight, fire resistance, and insulation. It is made of fine particles, and it has great plasticity when it is beaten with water, and is formed of innumerable small bubbles. Unlike perlite, vermiculite is strongly organic adsorbent due to exchange cations.

In recent years, a method of manufacturing lighter weight materials including perlite fine powder and loess as a main ingredient, which has increased the added value of perlite fine powder and is beneficial to cost reduction and health, has been invented and disclosed (published 10-2004-0066339).

The present invention is to solve the problems of the disclosed technology, the present invention is expanded light and vermiculite or lightweight material mainly based on the perlite fine powder and loess of Patent Publication No. 10-2004-0066339 It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-powder-coated soil modifier and a method for producing the same, wherein the plant nutrients are controlled slowly using the light weight material obtained through the manufacturing method of.

Another object of the present invention is to solve the hassle and inconvenience of the technology of nutrient coating or plant seed itself in the related art and to provide a simple manufacturing process, the material is lightweight and porous expandable inorganic materials nutrient It is possible to capture a large amount of nutrients at once while retaining power and controlling nutrient supply gradually released, thereby providing a low manufacturing cost as a land improvement agent.

Referring to the present invention described in detail to achieve the above object is as follows.

In the present invention, a non-powder-coated soil improving agent obtained by coating a swellable inorganic material with a slurry mixed with at least one non-powder having a cation exchange capacity in a matrix made of organic materials in order to control the release of plant nutrients for a certain period of time. To complete.

Specific expandable inorganic materials are selected from the group consisting of one or more selected from among lightweight materials based on perlite, vermiculite, perlite fine powder and loess, and lightweight materials based on perlite fine powder and loess, vermiculite and polymer binder, or a mixture thereof. .

The lightweight material mainly composed of the perlite fine powder and the loess is obtained through the method of manufacturing the lightweight material disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2004-0066339. The manufacturing method is a composition comprising 100 parts by weight of perlite fine powder, 10 to 100 parts by weight of ocher, 1 to 10 parts by weight of sintering agent, mixed with water, and then molded and sintered to form a sintering agent, followed by cement powder and perlite fine powder. After coating and adding the curing liquid, it is obtained by coating again with cement powder and perlite fine powder.

The lightweight material mainly composed of the above-mentioned fine powder, loess, vermiculite and polymer binder is also obtained by the method of manufacturing the lightweight material disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2004-0066339. The composition comprising 10 parts to 100 parts by weight of ocher, 100 parts to 400 parts by weight of water, and 30 parts to 90 parts by weight of polymer binder is mixed, molded and dried, coated with cement powder and perlite fine powder, and added with a curing liquid. As a coating once again with the fine powder, the polymer binder is preferably one or two or more selected from polyvinylacetate, styrene-butadiene rubber, polysol, bentonite, and water glass.

The organic matrix is a water-soluble high-molecular substance hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, which is a 1-5% solution. Or one or more selected from carboxymethyl cellulose, starch derivatives and polysaccharides.

Specific fractions with specific cation exchange capacity to be coated include (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O, (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ , _{NH 4 H 2 PO 4, MgSO} 4 .7H 2 O, FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mo 2 O 3 .3H 2 O At least one selected from B ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃ and containing cations N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, The concentration of Cu, Zn, Mo, B, and Na is 0.5 to 8% to prepare and use. Note that the concentration of the solution of MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O containing 0.5% Mg is the 5.1%, are obtained by the following calculation is used to prepare a solution with the same concentration calculation also other nutrient-containing materials.

(Mg 분자량 : 24, MgSO₄.7H₂O 분자량 : 246)

(Mg molecular weight: 24, MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O Molecular Weight: 246)

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the method for producing a non-powder-coated soil modifier that is controlled to release the plant nutrients is controlled by the step of preparing a slurry by mixing the fertilizer having a cation exchange capacity to the organic material matrix; Coating the slurry on expandable inorganic and lightweight materials; The product is divided into drying steps, and in particular, the coating method can be selected from the method of mixing in the stirrer and the method of spraying the slurry through the nozzle of the injector. Whichever method is chosen, the processing time should be specified so that the thickness of the coating on the expandable inorganic materials is 1 µm to 1 mm.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the plant nutrient release control land-modifying agent prepared by mixing or adding to the soil or hydroponic cultivation solution and various other various plant cultivation medium to control the nutrient supply by plant growth Allow the medium to be fertilized continuously in a simple and easy way.

As used herein, the organic material matrix refers to a polymer chemical that can be fixed in combination with a plant nutrition material when stirred or sprayed. In the present invention, a water-soluble polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch derivatives, and polysaccharides are used, but not necessarily limited thereto. Strong adhesion, harmless to plants and environmentally friendly materials can be considered. The non-powder containing the cationic component of the present invention is a liquid containing a large amount of cations such as N, P, K, Ca, heavy elements Mg, S, trace elements Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Mn, and B, which are essential nutrients to plants. Or solid fertilizer material, in the present invention, (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O, (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ , NH _{4 H 2 PO 4, MgSO 4} .7H 2 O, FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mo 2 O 3 .3H 2 O, One or more selected from B ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃ are used, but are not necessarily limited thereto. The expandable inorganic material of the present invention is to be used as a support or a medium on which the slurry containing the cation component-containing fertilizer fixed to the matrix can be coated, and in the present invention, a lightweight material based on perlite, vermiculite, perlite fine powder and loess, and perlite fine powder One or more selected materials of light weight materials, mainly ocher, vermiculite and polymer binder, are not limited thereto, and are not limited to perlite or vermiculite. Use the stylized.

The above objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description, experiments and examples.

The organic matrix, which is used to fix the nutritional substances of plants, is a high molecular chemical that is dissolved in water and used at a concentration of 1 to 5%. Mainly in the present invention, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC Hydroxy Propyl Ethyl Cellulose), methyl cellulose (Methyl Cellulose), hydroxypropyl cellulose (Hydroxy Propyl Cellulose), hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose (HPEC Hydroxy Propyl Ethyl Cellulose) , Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose, Ethyl Cellulose, Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Starch Derivatives, Polysaccharides and more than one type of matrix The use of a mixture of papery matrices is more advantageous for capturing nutrient particles and it is necessary to select matrices that do not cause chemical reactions by the nutrient particles to be coated. Starch derivatives are chemically treated for the purpose of supplementing various shortcomings of starch and imparting new properties, and collectively combine various reactive groups with hydroxyl groups of glutol residues of starch. It is more useful to use starch derivatives having properties necessary for properties such as stability of the liquid, gelatinization properties, viscosity properties, chemical resistance, aging resistance, and electrical properties.

A substance which is an essential nutrient directly to plant growth is mixed with an organic substance matrix. In the present invention, (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O _{, (NH 4) 3 PO 4} , NH 4 H 2 PO 4, MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O , At least one selected from Mo ₂ O ₃ .3H ₂ O, B ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃ , and the concentration of the solution is the concentration of each cation component. It is appropriate to keep 0.5 to 8%. In the case of selecting one or more of the above substance groups, it is preferable that the solution containing the same cation has a cation concentration of 0.5 to 8% when each solution is mixed, but in the case of a solution containing other cations, The solution is prepared based on the concentration. For example, (NH ₄₎ of ₂ CO ₃ and (NH _{4) 3} in the case of mixing a PO _{4 3} two solutions in the cationic N all even if some are ionized when the concentration of the cationic N higher first (NH ₄₎ PO ₄ Determine the concentration of (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ based on P, and calculate and add the concentration of (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ to adjust the appropriate N concentration.

As a representative example of the non-coating coating type land improving agent containing a cationic component, it is possible to distribute and mix according to the content necessary for plant growth of the cation. In other words, it is nutrients throughout plant growth and plays a large role in the growth function of leaves, stems, and roots, and produces chloroplasts (N), phosphoric acid (P) related to anti-aging and deletion, and potassium (K) related to chlorophyll production. , Soil modifier of multi-element coating containing calcium (Ca) related to leaf growth (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O , (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ , NH ₄ H ₂ PO _{4 It} is convenient to prepare the mixture by mixing the solution at once and there will be many uses. Another soil conditioner is hayeoseo involved in magnesium (Mg) and growth to prevent sulfide leaves only MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O as a sulfur (S) by weight of the element containing the coated soil conditioner, which prevents the blade of the stem tapered I can make it. Another soil improving agent is iron (Fe) and copper (Cu), zinc, which makes a yellowish phenomenon between the leaf veins and vein (Zn) and manganese (Mn), NO ₃ participating in chlorophyll formation of ^{leaf-reduction} of molybdenum is essential to the function of acting as nitrogenase acting (Mo), a trace elements coated soil improving agent containing boron in the defense against anti-once type of the plant or growth disorder _{(B) FeSO 4 .7H 2 O} , Mn (NO 3) _{2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O,} ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mo 2 O 3 .3H 2 O, B 2 O 3, Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O, prepared as a solution of H ₃ BO ₃ Can be. However, since the required amount of necessary nutrients differs from plant to plant and the nutrients deficient are different, it is not limited to the preparation of the above-mentioned elemental component solution, but can be added while adjusting the content of specific nutrients so that it is specific to the symptoms of deficiency. Intensive treatment and plant growth effects can be obtained.

Expandable inorganic materials used as media for coating nutrients are selected from the group consisting of lightweight materials based on perlite, vermiculite, perlite fine powder and loess, and lightweight materials based on perlite fine powder and loess, vermiculite and polymer binder. To use the above, the lightweight material is described above using the one disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2004-0066339. Perlite uses plastic powder processed at high temperature of 1000 ~ 1100 ℃ to make the weight 10 ~ 30 times lighter than water. Vermiculite is calcined and expanded 10 ~ 15 times by rapid heating at 700 ~ 1000 ℃. . In this plastic expanded inorganic material, small bubbles are formed in the inside, and the inner surface area is greatly increased, so that the nutrients are captured until the coating of the nutrients, and the minerals are not dissolved or decomposed and lost. The delay is more pronounced, and the small amount can sufficiently improve the plant medium, so that the productivity is high and economical. Although only one type of expandable inorganic material may be used as the coating medium, the perlite having excellent hygroscopicity, light weight, and porosity, and relatively close to zero cation exchange ability, together with vermiculite having excellent cation exchange ability rather than being used alone When used as a coating medium or in combination with materials disclosed in Patent Publication No. 10-2004-0066339 it can be achieved more significantly the purpose of the invention.

1 is a flow chart related to a method for producing a non-powder-coated soil improving agent of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, the method for producing a non-powder-coated soil modifier in which the release of plant nutrients according to the present invention is controlled slowly, to prepare a slurry by mixing the fertilizer having a cation exchange capacity to the organic material matrix largely step; Coating the slurry on expandable inorganic and lightweight materials; The product is divided into drying steps, and in particular, the coating method can be selected from the method of mixing in the stirrer and the method of spraying the slurry through the nozzle of the injector. Whichever method is chosen, the processing time should be specified so that the thickness of the coating on the expandable inorganic materials is 1 µm to 1 mm.

This will be described in detail for each step as follows, and the above-described objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be realized through specific embodiments.

In the first step of preparing a slurry by mixing the organic material matrix and the cationic component-containing fraction, a general stirrer may be used as the mixer, and the corresponding volume ratio is about 1: 1. It is necessary to maintain the viscosity to be well mixed in the stirrer and at the same time best suited for coating of the expandable inorganic material. If the viscosity is large, add water to lower the viscosity.

In [Example 1] and <Table 1> to <Table 3>, representative test spheres were prepared to measure the coating rate, and a series of experiment results showed that the viscosity of the slurry had a value between 2,000 and 30,000 CP. However, since this is only a selective test result corresponding to a preferred 10 to 70% coating rate, the coating rate of the required product may be required according to the degree of growth activity ability of the land, and thus is not limited to the above viscosity.

EXAMPLE 1

Mixed test sphere (A1P): Cellulose, that is, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose 1 + macroelement-containing fraction in loss (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O, (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ , NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ mixed solution + expanded perlite

Mixed test zone (B1P): 1 + large element-containing ratio (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) _{2 in} polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylacetate emulsion. 4H ₂ O, (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ , NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ Mixed solution + expansion perlite

Mixed test zone (C1P): 1 + large element-containing ratio (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O in starch derivatives and polysaccharides , Mixed solution of (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ , NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ + expanded perlite

Mixed test sphere (A2P): Cellulose, that is, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethyl 1 + weight element-containing fraction MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O in cellulose Solution + expanded perlite

Mixed plots (B2P): polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, non-partitioned containing 1 + weight of the element in meoljyon MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O Solution + expanded perlite

Mixed plots (C2P): starch derivatives, unbranched containing 1 + weight of the poly-element sakarayi Drew MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O Solution + expanded perlite

Mixed test sphere (A3P): Cellulose, that is, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose + 1 containing trace elements splitless _{FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (} NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mo 2 O 3 .3H 2 O, B 2 O 3 in Ross, Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10 H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃ Mixed solution + expansion perlite

Mixed plots (B3P): polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, non-partitioned containing 1 + Trace Elements in meoljyon to _{FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (} NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O , Mo ₂ O ₃ .3H ₂ O, B ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃

Mixed plots (C3P): starch derivatives, unbranched containing 1 + Trace Elements in poly sakarayi Drew _{FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (} NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mo 2 _{O 3 .3H 2 O, B 2} O 3, Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O, H 3 BO 3 + a mixture of expanded peorayiteu

In addition to the above test spheres, various test spheres may be prepared as necessary to achieve the object of the present invention, and may be used as a coating medium with vermiculite as well as expanded perlite (in this case, in view of the above test sphere notation) It may be used as a coating medium together with the light weight material of Patent Application No. 10-2004-0066339, which is disclosed and patented in this case (in this case, it shall be indicated as Test A1PX, B1PX .., etc.). X stands for lightweight material mainly containing perlite fine powder and loess)

The information about the specific experiment of following Table 1 thru Table 3 is as follows.

First, the specific gravity of the expandable inorganic material used is 0.11 g / ml perlite, 0.09 g / ml vermiculite, and 0.24 g / ml lightweight material.

Next, the matrix, which is an organic substance, may be used by mixing one or more of the above-mentioned substances, but in the present experiment, test groups A1P, A2P, A3P, A1PV, A2PV, A3PV, A1PX, A2PX, and A3PX (A In the case of group), methyl cellulose was used, and test groups B1P, B2P, B3P, B1PV, B2PV, B3PV, B1PX, B2PX, and B3PX (group B) used polyvinylacetate emulsion, and test groups C1P, C2P, Starch solution was used for C3P, C1PV, C2PV, C3PV, C1PX, C2PX, C3PX (group C). Methyl cellulose was used as a 4% solution by dissolving powder from Samsung Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., and starch was used as a 23% solution by purchasing Alpha starch powder of Samyang Genex Co., Ltd. Polyvinylacetate emulsion used 40% solids ready-made by Daeyang Chemical.

Finally, the fractions containing the cationic components used in this experiment were representative of the test zones A1P, B1P, C1P, A1PV, B1PV, C1PV, A1PX, B1PX, C1PX (Group 1) and Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O 51% solution was used, the test sphere A2P, B2P, C2P, A2PV, B2PV, C2PV, A2PX, B2PX, C2PX (group 2) was used as the ₄ .7H ₂ O 20% solution MgSO, plots A3P, B3P , C3P, A3PV, B3PV, C3PV , A3PX, B3PX, C3PX (3 groups) was used as a 4% solution of CuSO ₄ .5H ₂ O.

The calculation method of the coating rate of <Table 1>-<Table 3> is as follows.

(M: Perlite, Vermiculite, Light Weight Material (g)

  N: M is coated on the matrix material and non-powder mixture and dried weight (g))

Based on the experimental method and the calculation method described above, let's look at some specific experimental examples.

(1) Experiment 1 (A1P, Mixing Ratio 1: 2)

Methyl cellulose, 4% solution of _{Ca (NO 3) 2 .4H 2} O 51% solution of a 1: 1 ml of a mixture solution of 25ml mixed peorayiteu 50ml (weight 4.66g) and kneading (coating) the pre-basis weight 90 ℃ After drying completely at, the weight was measured and found to be 10.3g.

(2) Experiment 2 (A1P, Mixing Ratio 1: 5)

Methyl cellulose, 4% solution of _{Ca (NO 3) 2 .4H 2} O 51% solution of a 1: 1 ml of a mixture solution of 25ml mixed peorayiteu 125ml (weight 11.4g), and kneading (coating) the pre-basis weight 90 ℃ When dried and weighed completely, the weight was 18.01g.

(3) Experiment 3 (A1P, Mixing Ratio 1:10)

Take 25 ml of a mixed solution of a 1: 1 mixture of a 4% solution of methyl cellulose and a 51% solution of Ca (NO ₃ ) _2. H ₂ O, and mix and knead (coat) 250 ml (24.9 g) of pre-weighed perlite. Weighing completely dried at and weighing 31.37g, the coating rate is,

(4) Experiment 4 (A1P, Mixing Ratio 1:15)

Take 25 ml of a mixed solution of a 1: 1 mixture of a 4% solution of methylcellulose and a 51% solution of Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ H ₄ O, and mix and knead (coating) 375 ml (weight 48.57 g) of pre-weighed perlite. When dried and weighed completely, the weight was 54.88g.

(5) Experiment 5 (A1P, Mixing Ratio 1:20)

Methyl cellulose, 4% solution of _{Ca (NO 3) 2 .4H 2} O 51% solution of a 1: 1 mixture was taken to 25ml peorayiteu 500ml (weight 56.42g) and kneading (coating) the pre-mixed at a basis weight of 90 ℃ Weighing completely after drying, the weight was 62.63g.

The test methods and calculations of the other test zones are also the same, and the followings are summarized in <Table 1> to <Table 3>.

<Table 1> Cover coating rate of perlite

Referring to <Table 1>, when the amount of the mixture of the matrix organic material and the non-component material is the same amount, as the amount of perlite increases, the coating rate of the perlite particles gradually decreases, and the organic material methylcellulose (group A), polyvinylacetate (B) group), starch (C group) in the polyvinyl acetate of the B group is much larger effect than the other organic coating materials, non-partitioned component materials are generally _{Ca (NO 3) 2 .4H 2} O (1 group) the coating rate It can be seen that this is high.

<Table 2> Coating Coating Rate of Vermiculite

Referring to Table 2, when the amount of the mixture of the matrix organic material and the non-particulate material is the same, the coating rate of the particles decreases gradually as the amount of perlite and vermiculite increases, and the organic material methylcellulose (group A), polyvinylacetate ( B), starch (methyl group), polyvinylacetate in order of coating effect appeared in the order, and the non-component material is generally Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O (Group 1), MgSO ₄ .7H it can be seen that the coating rate in the order of the lower ₂ O ₍₂ groups), CuSO ₄ .5H ₂ O (group 3).

〈Table 3〉 coating rate of light material

Looking at the above <Table 3>, it can be seen that the overall coating rate was significantly reduced when using only the ferrite as an inorganic material, or when using a mixed ferrite and lightweight materials than when using a mixed inorganic material of perlite and vermiculite. However, even in this case, as in the above table, when the amount of the mixture of the matrix organic material and the non-component material is the same, the coating rate of the particles gradually decreases as the amount of the mixed material of the ferrite and the light material increases, and the organic material methylcellulose (Group A), Among the polyvinylacetate (group B) and starch (group C), the polyvinylacetate of group B was much more effective than other organic materials. In general, the non-particulate materials were generally Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O (group 1), MgSO ₄ .7H it was found that the coating rate in the order of the lower ₂ O (2 groups), CuSO ₄ .5H ₂ O (group 3).

In the mixing of the organic material matrix and the cationic component-containing fraction, the slurry is mixed with the expandable inorganic material and coated by mixing in a stirrer such as a ribbon mixer or by using a spray device.

In detail, while injecting a slurry in which the organic material matrix and the cationic component-containing fractions are mixed into the stirrer, another inlet is infused with an expanded inorganic material such as perlite to rotate and evenly mix in the stirrer. The coating mixture ratio was coated on the basis of 1: 2, 1: 5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 of the mixed slurry and the expanded inorganic material by volume ratio. The mixing time in the stirrer is 5 minutes to 10 minutes in order to have a coating thickness of 1 μm to 1 mm in the expandable inorganic material.

When coating by an injection device, a general injection device is used, and an injection device equipped with an air blower and a nozzle is particularly preferable. Ultra-lightly expandable inorganic materials are suspended and mixed inside the injector due to the air injected through the air inlet, and the mixed slurry is sprayed through the upper nozzle to coat the expanded inorganic materials. The coating compounding ratio is operated in the same manner as the coating in the stirrer so that the coating thickness of the expanded inorganic material is 1㎛ ~ 1mm.

After the coating step is dried for 4 to 5 days at room temperature or dried for about 10 hours at about 90 ℃ in a dryer.

The finished non-powder-coated soil improver is used for the main medium in which the plants grow, that is, the soil containing water or culture solution for hydroponic cultivation. Mixing in the soil containing water or placed on top so that the nutrients are slowly eluted or floated in hydroponic cultures to maintain the nutrients in the culture in a steady amount to achieve the object of the present invention.

[Example 2] In the present invention was carried out to confirm the effect of controlling the dissolution of nutrients from the present invention, the results are shown in Table 4.

EXAMPLE 2

In the soil, since it is difficult to objectively test that the nutrients are continuously released from the soil improving agent of the present invention while being controlled, the nutrients coated or contained inside and outside the expandable inorganic material after the soil improving agent of the present invention is added to water. Measure the release over time.

The test method is carried out according to the following description.

Experiment with the general granular fraction containing the same amount of the cationic component and the pure expandable inorganic material uncoated based on the test sphere of [Example 1], but 20mL of pure water in a Erlenmeyer flask (50mL) Add 5 g of test and control to each flask and close the stopper. The temperature is kept constant at 25 ° C. and the mass of cations eluted in water is quantitatively analyzed over time. However, in order to facilitate cation detection and analysis, the cation content of the test zone of Example 1 should be about 8%, and the corresponding amount of fertilizer should be the weight of the ferrite containing the same cation content as the test zone. do.

Observation is done daily from the beginning of the test until one week, and then every week thereafter.

A graph of the amount of remaining cations with time is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.

The sign of the corresponding control is named as follows.

P ': control, consisting solely of pure expandable perlite

Although not tested in the present embodiment, if the test sphere is coated with vermiculite or other lightweight material of Patent Application Publication No. 10-2004-0066339 in addition to the expanded perlite, the control is also used as the same, of course, the sign is Displayed as P'V 'or P'X' or P'V'X '.

Fertilizer 1 ': A control group consisting of a nonparticulate containing a large amount of elements N, K, Ca, and P, and the fraction 1' in this experiment means only pure Ca fertilizer that has not been subjected to the above experimental treatment.

Ratio 2 ': A control group consisting of a specific component containing Mg and S by weight element, and the ratio 2' in the present experiment means only pure Mg fertilizer which has not been subjected to the above experimental treatment.

Ratio 3 ': A control group consisting of a specific component containing trace elements Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, and B, and the ratio 3' in this experiment means pure Fe fertilizer that has not been subjected to the above experimental treatment.

<Table 4> shows the contents of representative cations (A1P, B1P, C1P for Ca ²⁺ , A2P, B2P, C2P for Mg ²⁺ , A3P, B3P, C3P for Fe ²⁺ ) It is the numerical value which measured and converted into the quantity of residual cation. EDTA titration was used for quantitative analysis of Ca and Mg, and redox titration was used for quantitative analysis of Fe.

<Table 4>

Test subject               Residual cation content per release day (%) 1 day 2 days 3 days 4 days 5 days 6 days 7 days 14 days  21st 28 days 35 days   A1P 99 97 95 92 89 87 85 76 68 58 49   B1P 100 98 95 91 88 86 84 76 65 54 41   C1P 99 97 94 91 89 87 84 75 66 55 43  Ratio 1 ' 93 76 66 50 42 40 35 25 21 20 20   A2P 99 97 96 94 91 88 88 76 70 62 55   B2P 99 98 96 93 92 88 87 78 69 61 52   C2P 99 98 96 94 92 90 87 80 72 61 47  Ratio2 ' 93 83 72 65 58 53 50 34 27 23 18   A3P 97 95 93 89 89 84 81 67 60 53 43   B3P 99 96 92 91 88 86 82 72 65 57 52   C3P 96 94 91 88 86 84 81 69 62 55 46  3 ' 94 87 83 77 71 67 64 47 36 34 28    P ' 100 100 99 98 99 99 98 98 98 98 98

As can be seen from Table 4, the general fertilizer is rapidly elution of the cation, it can be seen that there is a lot of loss or loss of cations, but the present invention is coated with a mixture of the cationic fertilizer material using the organic matrix as a binder The land-improving agent of can be seen that the elution of the cation proceeds slowly over time. On the other hand, the test group 1 is shown in FIG. 2, the test group 2 is shown in FIG. 3, and the test group 3 is shown in FIG. 4, and the dissolution slowing effect of the present invention can be clearly seen. Therefore, it becomes possible to relax supply regulation of the cationic nutrient component desired by the present invention. However, the experiments with pure perlite alone show little change in the amount of residual cations, which suggests that the cation component of the perlite is almost eluted, so that the cation substitution capacity of the perlite is almost zero and that the pure perlite alone will make it difficult for the plant to receive nutrients. .

The present invention described above is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is not limited by.

The present invention introduces the principle of controlling the release of substances into the nutritional supply system of plants to further supplement the cation exchange capacity and control nutrient dissolution, even in perlite without cation exchange capacity or other lightweight materials or citrite with cation exchange capacity. As a result, the cation is slowly eluted out for a long time in the soil or hydroponic aqueous solution to be supplied to the plant, thereby making the medium in which the plant grow continuously and avoiding the need for frequent fertilizers. The service was made easier.

According to the present invention, when the expandable inorganic materials are ultra-light and porous materials, when the non-powder containing the cationic component is coated by stirring or spraying, the non-powder is easily trapped in the adsorption or voids of the material, so that a large amount of nutrient material is obtained at once. It can be supplied, so it is productive and economical.

Claims (8)

Non-powder-coated land modifier obtained by coating slurry with a mixture of fertilizer containing one or more cationic components in an organic material matrix on an expandable inorganic material. In land reform; The organic material matrix is a water-soluble high molecular weight hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, starch derivative, polysaccharide Non-powder-coated land improver, wherein the release of plant nutrients is controlled slowly, characterized in that one or more species selected from. The method of claim 1, wherein the expandable inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of one or more selected from lightweight materials based on perlite, vermiculite, perlite fine powder and loess, and lightweight materials based on perlite fine powder and loess, vermiculite and polymer binder. Non-powder-coated soil modifiers controlled by the slow release of plant nutrients. delete The method according to claim 1, wherein the cationic component-containing fraction is (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O, (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO _{4 , NH 4 H 2 PO 4,} MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mo 2 O 3 .3H 2 A non-powder-coated soil improver with controlled release of plant nutrients, characterized in that one or more selected from O, B ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃ . The concentration of the cationic component-containing fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the content of the cationic N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, B, Na in the proportion is 0.5-8%. Non-powder-coated soil improver that is controlled to release the plant nutrients, characterized in that slow. a) 1-5% solution of water-soluble high molecular substance hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O, in one or more selected matrices selected from Ross, starch derivatives, polysaccharides _{(NH 4) 3 PO 4,} NH 4 H 2 PO 4, MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, Mn (NO 3) 2, CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, To prepare a slurry by mixing a ratio of one or more cationic components selected from Mo ₂ O ₃ .3H ₂ O, B ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃ BO ₃ step, b) one or one selected from mixed slurries containing cation components and light weight materials mainly containing perlite, vermiculite, perlite fine powder and loess, and light materials mainly containing perlite fine powder and loess, vermiculite and polymer binder. Mixing more than two kinds of expandable inorganic materials in a stirrer, the slurry is coated on the expandable inorganic material with a thickness of 1 μm to 1 mm, or the slurry is sprayed through the nozzle of the injector, and the main raw materials are perlite, vermiculite, perlite fine powder and loess. One or more than one expandable inorganic material selected from lightweight materials, mainly made of fine powder and loess, perlite fine powder, and vermiculite, and made of ferrite fine powder and loess, and lightweight materials mainly made of ferrite fine powder and loess, vermiculite and polymer binder. Coating by any one method of coating in a thickness of 1㎛ ~ 1㎜, c) a method of producing a non-powder coated soil modifier, wherein the release of plant nutrients is controlled at a slow speed, comprising the step of drying the slurry-coated expandable inorganic material to obtain a non-powder coated soil modifier with controlled release of plant nutrients. delete delete

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