KR100584224B1 - Fuel additive for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention promotes efficient combustion of fuel in combustion of petroleum such as gasoline (petrol), diesel, petroleum, heating oil, BC (BC) oil, thereby saving fuel and preventing corrosion of the combustion engine. The present invention relates to a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine that is effective in minimizing emissions of air pollutants by reducing soot generating substances, and is manufactured by adding an antioxidant, a corrosion inhibitor, an oil additive, and other additives based on a hydrocarbon solvent. It is done.

Fuel additive, internal combustion engine, pollution prevention, fuel efficiency improvement

Description

 Fuel additive for internal combustion engine

The present invention relates to a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly, in order to efficiently burn petroleum, such as gasoline (petrol), diesel, petroleum, heating oil, BC (BC) oil, to improve the octane value of the fuel to enable efficient combustion. The present invention relates to a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, which helps to save fuel, thereby prolongs the life of the engine by preventing corrosion of the combustion engine, and is effective in preventing air pollution.

The research and development and commercialization of fuel additives have been steadily going on for several decades, and technology development has been actively carried out at home and abroad.

In particular, the development of fuel additives for low fuel oil such as heavy oil is actively underway.

These fuel additives can be applied to liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil, as well as solid fuels such as bituminous coal. It is known as their trade secret, but the results of academic research have been insufficient.

Moreover, the current situation is that there is a great technical distrust of fuel additives due to the sale of randomized products that have not undergone the experimental process due to the difficulties of similar companies.

Conventional fuel additives use expensive compounds or complicated manufacturing methods, and are inconvenient to handle, thus lacking in practical use or in large quantities, resulting in no fuel savings or fumes such as sulfur oxides (SO _x ) and carbon monoxide (CO). There was a problem such as a large amount of material generated.

In addition, despite all efforts made in terms of pollution control, no product has been able to improve fuel performance and meet pollution standards.

Therefore, a fuel additive that can help the fuel burn more completely and improve the composition of the exhaust gas to minimize the generation of pollutants is required.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems and at the same time to increase the combustion efficiency of the fuel and to develop a fuel additive with little emissions of air pollutants, the main object of the present invention is to increase the octane number of the fuel to efficiently It is to provide a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion, thereby saving fuel, preventing corrosion of the combustion engine, extending engine life, and preventing air pollution.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides (A) 0.2 to 20% by weight of a hydrocarbon solvent, (B) 0.15 to 20% by weight of an additive, (C) 0.1 to 10% by weight of an antioxidant, and (D) 0.01 to 20% of a corrosion inhibitor. 15% by weight (E) 10-30% by weight oil additive (F) 0.05-10% by weight Pentaacetyl-alpha-glucose (PAG) and (G) 2-phosphono- Butane-1,2, 4-tricarboxylic acid (2-Phosphono butane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) provides a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that it comprises 0.01 to 5% by weight.

The hydrocarbon solvent as the component (A) can be used alone or in combination by selecting one or more selected from paraffin, olefin, and naphten systems. Typically, petroleum, diesel and gasoline are used, and the amount used is 0.2 to 20% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight.

The additive (B) is a mono- or branched alkyl benzene consisting of monoalkyl benzene, dialkyl benzene, trialkyl benzene, polyalkyl benzene, and the like. Alkyl benzene) or poly oxyethylene (Poly oxy ethylene) may be used alone or in combination by selecting one or more, and the amount is 0.15 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 10% by weight.

In the case of polyoxyethylene, it is preferable that carbon number is 2-10.

The antioxidant (C) component is added to prevent oxidation of the fuel, at least one of commonly used antioxidants including zinc dialkyl phosphate and poly buden. It can be selected and used alone or in parallel, 0.1 to 10% by weight is used, preferably 5 to 10% by weight.

Corrosion inhibitors of (D) are added to prevent corrosion by acidic contaminants contained in the fuel, alkylamine (Alkyl amine), potassium sorbate (Potassium sorbate), ethylene glycol acetate (Ethylene glycol acetate) may be used alone or in combination with one or more selected, 0.01 to 15% by weight may be used, preferably 10 to 15% by weight.

The alkylamine is most preferably oleyl amine, and triethyleneglycol monoethyl ether is preferable for ethylene glycol.

The oil additive as the component (E) refers to various organic compounds obtained by oxidizing petroleum with air, and there is one double bond per molecule, and can be manufactured through a chemical reaction. Representative compounds include acids, hydrogen acids, lactones, esters, ketones, alcohols, anhydrides and other oxygenated organic compounds, which may be used alone or in combination by selecting one or more of these compounds.

The oil additive used in the present invention is preferably an acetylene alcohol compound obtained through an ethynylation reaction by adding acetylene to ketones, amino alcohols, and amines, in particular, 3, 6-dimethyl-4-octyne. More preferred are -3, 6-diol (3, 6-Dimethyl-4-Octyne-3, 6-diol).

The component is used 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight.

Pentaacetyl-alpha-glucose (PAG), a component (F) used as an additive, reacts with NH _{3 by} reacting acetyl groups (CH ₃ CO-) present in the molecule with nitrogen oxides (NO _X ). Has the effect of creating.

That is, when the acetyl group (CH ₃ CO-) reacts with the nitrogen oxide (especially NO ₂ ), it changes to ammonia (NH ₃ ), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). At this time, the produced ammonia (NH ₃ ) is again reacted with sulfur oxides (especially, H ₂ SO ₄ ) of SO _X to produce ammonium sulfate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) through the following reaction formula.

2NH ₃ + H ₂ SO ₄ → (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄

The above fact can be confirmed from the fact that ammonium sulfate is found in the dust inside the stack of the boiler operated by adding PAG to heavy oil.

However, since nitrogen oxides also contain nitrous oxide (N ₂ O), (yl) nitrogen oxide (NO), and the like, they react with PAG to form nitrogen having hydrocarbon groups such as RNH ₂ , R ₂ NH, and R ₃ N. To produce a compound. When these nitrogen compounds react with sulfur oxides, a lot of sulfur salts are produced. These salts react well at lower temperatures and thus can be burned at low temperatures, thereby promoting complete combustion.

The PAG may be used in an amount of 0.05 to 15% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight.

Benzopyrene (CO ₂₀ H ₁₂ ), an aldehyde (-CHO) compound with an irritating odor in the exhaust gas, can be decomposed into odorless, harmless carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water (H ₂ O) through complete combustion to reduce environmental pollution. have.

2-phosphono-butane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid (G) is a component of (G) has a complex corrosion and scale inhibitory, Heavy metals, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc. are added to minimize the impact on the environment because it has the effect of inhibiting hardness by preventing the generation of scattering.

The amount used is 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 3 to 5% by weight may be used.

The fuel additive for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention has a hydrocarbon-based solvent as a main component and can be mixed with gasoline (petrol), kerosene, diesel, heavy oil and other refined cracked oils in any ratio.

In addition, the fuel additive according to the present invention, in addition to the above components, various anti-knock agents, freezing inhibitors, cleaning agents, detergents, anti-rust agents, antibacterial agents, and preservatives which are added to conventional fuel accelerators for combustion promotion in a range that does not impair the object of the present invention. , A fluidity improver, a metal activity inhibitor, a deposit formation inhibitor, a multipurpose additive, etc. can be added and used.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by the following examples.

However, the following examples illustrate the present invention in more detail, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 Preparation of Fuel Additive

As shown in Table 1 below, A to E were added to the mixer, stirred at 40 ° C. for at least 2 hours to completely dissolve, and then components F and G were slowly added and mixed.

The mixture was aged at room temperature for 3 hours or more to prepare a fuel additive according to the present invention.

TABLE 1

Example 2 Combustion Test

After adding 0.02 vol% of the fuel additive prepared above to the heavy oil sold, and burning it in the forging plant annealing furnace, the fuel consumption, gas analysis and air ratio are measured according to the elapsed combustion time, The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

As can be seen in Table 2, it can be seen that the fuel consumption significantly decreases over time after the fuel additive is added. That is, it can be seen that the fuel economy is greatly improved by adding the fuel additive for the internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

In addition, as a result of collecting and analyzing the gas inside the furnace, it was found that the generation amount of oxygen and carbon monoxide was greatly reduced, and it was found that the fuel additive for the internal combustion engine according to the present invention promotes the complete combustion of the fuel. It was also confirmed that the concentrations of phosphorus sulfur monoxide (SO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), and carbon monoxide (CO) were significantly reduced.

Although it was visually observed, it was confirmed that the amount of smoke generated was significantly reduced, so that the soot caused by incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic matter was confirmed.

 As described above, the fuel additive for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention increases the octane number of the fuel to promote efficient combustion, saves fuel, and suppresses the generation of soot.

In particular, by inducing complete combustion, the amount of sulfur oxide (SO _X ) and carbon monoxide is reduced to greatly improve the fuel efficiency of the fuel used, as well as reducing the amount of air required for combustion, thereby fundamentally contributing to the source of air pollution. As it can be reduced, it can contribute greatly to pollution prevention.

In addition, when the fuel additive for the internal combustion engine according to the present invention is used together with the low fuel oil, it is characterized by improving the properties of the low fuel oil to prevent corrosion of the fuel engine due to sulfur oxides, and further extend the life of the engine. .

Claims (8)

In fuel additives, 0.2-20 wt% hydrocarbon solvent, 0.15-20 wt% additive, 0.1-10 wt% antioxidant, 0.01-15 wt% corrosion inhibitor, 10-30 wt% oil additive, pentaacetyl-alpha-glucose (PAG, penta acetyl -α-glucose) 0.05 to 15% by weight and 2-Phosphono butane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid 0.01 to 5% by weight A fuel additive for an internal combustion engine comprising. The method of claim 1, The hydrocarbon solvent is a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that selected from the group consisting of paraffin-based, olefin-based, naphthenic-based. The method of claim 1, The additive is a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the additive is selected from poly oxy ethylene (Poly oxy ethylene), alkyl benzene (Alkyl benzene). The method of claim 1, The antioxidant is a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that selected from the group consisting of zinc dialkyl phosphate, poly buden (Poly buden). The method of claim 1, The corrosion inhibitor is a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that one or more selected from alkylamine (Alkyl amine), potassium sorbate (Potassium sorbate), ethylene glycol acetate (Ethylene glycol acetate) used alone or in parallel. The method of claim 1, The oil additive is a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that selected from acetylene alcohol (Acethylene alcohol) compound. The method of claim 6, The acetylene alcohol is a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that 3,6-dimethyl-4-octin-3,6-diol (3, 6-Dimethyl-4-octyne-3, 6-diol). The method of claim 1, It further comprises at least one of an anti-knock agent, an anti-icing agent, a cleaning agent, a clean dispersant, a rust preventive agent, an antibacterial agent, a preservative, a fluidity improving agent, a metal activity inhibitor, a deposit formation inhibitor or a multi-purpose additive added to a conventional combustion fuel additive. Fuel additive for internal combustion engines.