KR100576311B1 - The measurement method of surface temperature of railway brake disc - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the surface temperature of a brake disc and a measuring method thereof, and an object thereof is to enable a non-contact real-time measurement of a thermal change of a brake disc generated during braking.

According to the apparatus and method for measuring the surface temperature of a braking disk of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the temperature characteristics of the disk surface due to braking during driving using a non-contact temperature sensor are measured through various practical experiments to measure the disk temperature change, and so on. Applies to the interpretation of Therefore, an object of the present invention is to help design a durable product of the disk product through the analysis of such thermal properties, and has the effect of providing design data that can effectively release the frictional heat caused during braking.

Braking Disc, Infrared Temperature Sensor, Amplifier, A / D Converter, Notebook PC

Description

Apparatus and method for measuring surface temperature of a brake disc of a railway vehicle             

Figure 1 shows that the infrared temperature sensor applied to the brake disk surface temperature measuring apparatus of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention are spaced apart by a certain distance.

Figure 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a measuring device for processing a signal from the infrared temperature sensor.

Figure 3 shows the operation of the braking disk surface temperature measurement method of a railway vehicle according to the present invention.

4 is an operation flowchart of the temperature information collecting step.

5 shows a control flowchart by the microcontroller in the digital temperature conversion step.

* Description of symbols on the main parts of the drawings *

10: temperature sensor 12: support
20: braking disc 22: surface
30: signal processor 32: amplifier
34: A / D converter 40: microcontroller

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50: data processing system

The present invention relates to a device for measuring the surface temperature of a brake disc and a method of measuring the same, and more particularly, a braking disc surface temperature measuring device of a railway vehicle capable of measuring in real time in a non-contact manner a thermal change of a brake disc generated during braking. And to a method.

Generally, the braking action to stop the vehicle is caused by the friction of the wheel-wheeler or the disc-lining.

These two relative friction materials must have good maintainability such as proper adhesion coefficient and wear resistance to the relative friction material when contacted to obtain the designed braking force.

In addition, when braking, the frictional surface of the disk is accompanied by high temperature heat, so that the surface of the disk has a problem such as not only the durability of the disk due to hot spots or cracks but also a long braking distance due to a decrease in adhesive force. Occurs.

Considering these frictional heats, the design of the part should consider the effective heat dissipation of the material or frictional heat of the metal.

However, in order to dissipate the friction material and the frictional heat of the disk, it is necessary to first determine how much frictional heat is generated on the surface of the disk during braking and then solve the problem caused by frictional heat.

As a known example for solving such a problem, Korean Patent Application No. 20010070437 discloses a "temperature measuring device in a rotation state of a brake rotor".

In order to measure the surface temperature of the rotating brake rotor, a thermocouple, which is a temperature sensor, is installed at a certain distance from the brake rotor to detect and digitize the heat of the brake rotor generated during braking.

However, due to the nature of the measurement method, which is to be measured at a certain distance away from the measurement object, such a device cannot measure the temperature precisely on the surface of the brake rotor. It caused a big problem with the reliability of the value.

In addition, as another known example, Korean Patent Application No. 20010076900 discloses an apparatus and method for measuring a temperature of a brake rotor.

This method detects the characteristics of the change in voltage versus braking heat generation in the disk rotor in the laboratory and estimates the change in temperature of the disk rotor through the change in voltage versus temperature based on this, and adopts it as a criterion for analyzing thermal characteristics. It is the main purpose of the application.

However, the measuring device and method as described above are only experimental data performed only in a laboratory, and a problem arises in that the correction value for application in the field needs to be re-examined. Since it is fundamentally different from the material of the disk rotor, it is difficult to apply it to the analysis of thermal characteristics.

Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus and method for precisely measuring the temperature of a disk surface generated by braking force during actual driving.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for precisely measuring a temperature change of a disk surface generated during actual driving.

In one preferred embodiment, the apparatus and method for measuring the braking disk surface temperature of a railway vehicle according to the present invention solves all of the above-mentioned problems and precisely measures the temperature change of the disk surface due to braking while driving using a non-contact temperature sensor. To measure.

In the method for measuring the surface temperature of a brake disc of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, a non-contact temperature sensor is applied as an infrared temperature sensor, and the disk temperature change is measured through various practical experiments and applied to analysis of thermal characteristics.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to help design a faithful durability of the disc product through the analysis of such thermal properties, and to effectively release the frictional heat caused during braking.

Still other objects and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.

The present invention for achieving the above object, in the measuring device for measuring the temperature change of the surface of the brake disc of the railway vehicle, is provided spaced apart from the brake disc at a certain distance, the frictional heat on the surface of the brake disc generated during braking An infrared temperature sensor for measuring and tracking a temperature change, and an amplifier for amplifying the signal measured by the infrared temperature sensor and converting the signal into a voltage type signal, and digitizing the voltage signal and outputting it as a digital signal. Receives a signal processor and a digital signal transmitted from the signal processor, stores the signal information and transmits it again to receive other signal information, and converts the stored signal information into temperature data to convert the converted data into graphic or text. Comprising a data processing system for outputting the data processing system, the signal processing unit Transmitting a document sent after receiving the digital signal and store the information signal again to be achieved by being configured to include a microcontroller to repeat the process of receiving the other signaling information.

In addition, the measuring method for measuring the temperature change of the surface of the brake disc of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention includes a temperature measuring step of measuring the temperature change by the frictional heat of the brake disc during braking of the train traveling at high speed; An analog pressure information signal amplifying step of amplifying the analog pressure information signal output in the temperature measuring step; A digital temperature conversion step of converting the amplified analog pressure information signal into digital data temperature information when the analog pressure information signal is amplified in the analog pressure information signal amplifying step; A temperature information collecting step of collecting and analyzing data converted into a digital signal in the digital temperature conversion step; Comprising an output step of comparing the temperature information collected and analyzed by the temperature information collection step and then outputting and displaying to the outside, the temperature information collection step is a process of receiving temperature data from the A / D converter, table The table search process to find and store temperature data in the table, and the process of storing each of the three digits by converting the BCD value.

Hereinafter, one preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 shows that the infrared temperature sensor applied to the brake disk surface temperature measuring apparatus of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention are spaced apart by a certain distance.

Referring to Figure 1, the friction sensor generated when the temperature sensor 10 applied to the braking disk surface temperature measuring apparatus of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention is installed at a predetermined distance from the surface 22 of the braking disk 20 and then braked After measuring the temperature change by measuring the temperature sensor 10 can be seen to measure.

The temperature sensor 10 measures the temperature of an object to be measured. In the present invention, an infrared temperature sensor is applied.

Such a temperature sensor 10 is installed after being spaced apart from the surface 22 of the brake disc 20 by a predetermined distance, as shown, rather than being installed directly on the surface 22 of the brake disc 20, It is preferable to apply a non-contact type which extends (12) to the front of the brake disc 20 in the longitudinal direction and then fixes the temperature sensor 10 to its tip.

On the other hand, the temperature sensor 10 applied to the present invention is installed to be perpendicular to the surface 22 of the brake disc 20 because the incident light is different depending on the distance because the incident angle is large because the infrared temperature sensor is applied. Should be.

Here, I would like to mention the infrared temperature sensor. In general, when an object receives heat, it emits light called radiation, which depends on the temperature, so it can be used to measure temperature.

This has the advantage that the temperature can be measured without directly contacting the target object, and thus is used for measuring the temperature of the target object when precise temperature measurement or the measurement target is operating such as rotation, and installation of the sensor is problematic.

Therefore, the present invention uses a non-contact infrared temperature sensor due to the problems of the above-described contact temperature sensor, the specification is the measurement temperature range 0-500 ℃, measurement application range φ 30-500mm, detection wavelength 8-14㎛, measurement ± 1 ° C, emissivity correction 0.10-1.20, power supply 12-24V is applied.

Figure 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a measuring device for processing a signal from the infrared temperature sensor 10, by amplifying the signal measured by the temperature sensor to convert the signal in the form of voltage, and converts the voltage signal The microcontroller 40 repeats a process of receiving a digital signal transmitted from the signal processor 30, storing the signal information, and transmitting another signal information. And a data processing system 50 converting the signal information stored in the microcontroller 40 into temperature data and outputting the converted temperature data in graphic or text.

The signal processor 30 includes an amplifier 32 for amplifying the measured signal and converting the signal into a voltage signal, and an A / D converter 34 for outputting the signal amplified by the amplifier as a digital signal.

Since the output of the infrared temperature sensor is a weak signal in mV units, the amplifier 32 amplifies the signal using a non-inverting OP amplifier due to the necessity of a circuit for amplification. Since the infrared temperature sensor according to the present invention has a DC voltage output of about 370 mV, an amplifier 32 having the characteristics of a high pass filter is applied. In the present invention, a two-stage amplifier is applied.

On the other hand, the amplified signal is a signal in V units, and the A / D converter 34, which will be described later, receives an AC signal by converting it into a direct current with a simple rectifier circuit.

The A / D converter 34 is generally an analog signal obtained from a target, but according to a signal processing method, the A / D converter 34 uses the analog signal as it is or converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

Therefore, when converting a continuous analog signal into a discrete digital signal, quantization technique, binary or BCD (binary decimal), or how many bits are converted, to what extent Since the technology applied depends on the conversion time and the conversion method, an appropriate technology is selected according to the purpose of the output signal.

In the present invention, the specification of the A / D converter 34 applied to satisfy the above conditions has a resolution of 16 bits, 16 channels, and channel number 16 channels.

This is a specification that allows up to 16 temperature sensors 10 to be mounted on the A / D converter 34.

In addition, when 5V voltage is input, resolution is read by A / D converter 34 having 16bit resolution. 5V voltage signals are divided into 65,536 powers of 2 and read out 100,000 times per second. It has the ability to read data.

This 65,536 converts a digital value into a voltage and then displays it on a display of a data processing system 50 to be described later, whereby it can be read directly into a temperature value.

Furthermore, when converting a continuous analog signal to digital, sampling processing is performed. In order to digitize the voltage, the amplitude value of the waveform should be periodically extracted and its magnitude changed to a binary code, and at least twice as high as the frequency of the signal waveform. Sample at (fast) frequency.

In order to cope with this problem, in the present invention, the sampling rate is extracted more than 50,000 times per second, and the sampling rate is high. Therefore, the amount of data is high and the temperature information is displayed more precisely. Can be.

In this way, the pressure information converted into digital data capable of recognizing analog signals by the A / D converter 30 is processed into a suitable formula and then converted into a readable temperature value and transmitted to the microcontroller 40 which can be read directly. do.

The microcontroller 40 has an external data memory of 64K bytes or more, an external program memory of 64K bytes or more, and has 8 or more levels with 18 or more interrupt sources and vectors.

In addition, the microcontroller 40 applied to the present invention is a fan recorder (Pan record) to control the entire circuit, the temperature conversion and output work, the information on the temperature is read in an interrupt manner.

Furthermore, it has a total of seven input / output ports, and transmits and receives data at high speed with the data processing system 50 which will be described later.

The data processing system 50 graphicizes and textifies the temperature signal information received from the microcontroller 40, and a notebook PC having a separate removable storage device is preferably applied therein.

The data processing system 50 is provided with a communication device for mutually transmitting and receiving the temperature information converted into digital data by the microcontroller 40, in the present invention, the US EIA (Electronic Industries Association) It is called the EIA-RS232C standard, which is the global standard for serial communication, and RS232, which defines alternative electrical / mechanical characteristics and functions of interface circuits, is applied.

The received temperature information is displayed graphically or textually through software stored in the removable storage device (creating the temperature value of the voltage programmed in C language as a file).

In addition, the smart device and the high-speed processing capability as described above can be easily mounted and used at any site that the user wants to measure and control, and the temperature appearing on the surface 22 of the brake disc 20 by simple software using a notebook PC. A change / data acquisition / control solution can be built and applied directly to the analysis of thermal properties.

Next, the method of measuring the braking disk surface temperature of the railway vehicle and its effects will be described in detail. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a surface temperature of a brake disc of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of collecting temperature information.

First, referring to Figure 3, the braking disk surface temperature measurement method of a railroad vehicle according to the present invention includes a temperature measuring step (S100) for measuring the temperature change by the frictional heat of the braking disk during braking of a train traveling at high speed; An analog pressure information signal amplifying step (S200) for amplifying the analog pressure information signal output in the temperature measuring step (S100); A digital temperature conversion step (S300) of converting the amplified analog pressure information signal into digital data temperature information when the analog pressure information signal amplification step (S200) is amplified; A temperature information collection step (S400) of collecting and analyzing data converted into a digital signal in the digital temperature conversion step (S300); Comparing the temperature information collected and analyzed by the temperature information collecting step (S400) and then outputs to the outside to output to display (S500).

In the temperature measuring step (S100), as described in the above configuration, the temperature change of the brake disc 20 is measured by an infrared temperature sensor. In addition, it is important to have a wide temperature range and fast signal processing capability because the quality and quantity of information is important when obtaining information through an infrared temperature sensor.

The analog temperature information signal amplifying step (S200) of amplifying the analog temperature information signal input in the temperature measuring step (S100) amplifies the weak temperature information signal and amplifies the weak signal to a processable voltage.

When the analog pressure information signal is amplified in the analog temperature information signal amplification step (S200), the digital temperature conversion step (S300) of converting the amplified analog temperature information signal into digital data temperature information may directly read an analog value that cannot be directly read. It is a process to convert analog physical quantity into digital data that can be recognized by computer. In other words, this means that when the temperature is measured, A / D conversion with a resolution of 16 bits can be expressed in 1,024 steps.

The temperature information collecting step S400 collects and analyzes temperature data converted into a digital signal, which repeats the circulation as shown in FIG. 4.

The process of receiving temperature data from the A / D converter 30 (S310), the table searching process of finding and storing temperature data in the table (S320), and converting the BCD value into three digits and storing the steps (S330) are repeated. .

Furthermore, the function of controlling the entire circuit such as the operation of the temperature sensor 10 is also performed, and FIG. 5 shows a control flowchart by the microcontroller 40 in the digital temperature conversion step.

Referring to Figure 5, the digital temperature conversion step (S300) is a process (S340) to display that the preparation for the operation on the LCD window of the microcontroller 40, the process of opening and closing the temperature sensor 10 at a predetermined time (S350), Controlling and operating the A / D converter 30 (S360), stopping the operation of the temperature sensor 10 (S370), and repeating the processes (S340, S350, S360, S370) (S380) ).

The output step S400 communicates with the digital temperature conversion step S300 and exchanges temperature information.

It is optimized to measure / control data based on RS232C communication, which is the most common serial communication, and performs the best processing speed with a built-in independent CPU.The communication speed is up to 115,200bps, the highest speed of RS232C communication. The setting can be made freely.

Therefore, a solution for collecting / controlling temperature information data described later can be constructed.

On the other hand, in a separate removable storage device inside the notebook PC applied in the output step (S400) is a solution for collecting / controlling the above-mentioned temperature information data is programmed.

This works by the following principle of operation.

If we derive an approximation from the above equation,

In the actual program, A and n values are obtained by measuring voltage values at two temperatures, and a simple C program generates temperature values for 256 voltages into a file and is inserted into the program.

As described above, the user can directly read through the display device such as cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal (LCD) to output the collected and analyzed measurement values to the outside, compare the temperature information and display the size of the transmitted signal It is graphic so that anyone can easily measure it.

This invention can be implemented in other various forms, without deviating from the mind or main characteristic. For this reason, the above-described embodiments are merely examples in all respects and should not be interpreted limitedly. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of the claims, and is not limited by the specification text. Again, all variations and modifications belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

As described in detail above, according to the apparatus and method for measuring the surface temperature of a braking disk of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the disk temperature variation of the disk surface by braking during driving using a non-contact temperature sensor is measured through various practical experiments. The measurement is applied to the analysis of thermal properties.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to help design a durable product of the disk product through the analysis of such thermal properties, and has the effect of providing design data that can effectively release the frictional heat caused during braking.

Claims (14)

In the measuring device for measuring the temperature change on the surface of the brake disc of the railway vehicle, the distance is installed at a predetermined distance from the brake disc, infrared rays measured after tracking the temperature change by measuring the frictional heat of the brake disc surface generated during braking And a temperature sensor and an amplifier for amplifying the signal measured by the infrared temperature sensor and converting the signal into a voltage type signal. A signal processor for digitizing the voltage signal and outputting the digital signal, and a digital signal transmitted from the signal processor. Receiving a signal, storing the signal information and transmitting again to repeat the process of receiving other signal information, and converts the stored signal information into temperature data and outputs the converted data in graphic or text, wherein The data processing system receives a digital signal transmitted from a signal processing unit A store information after a railway vehicle braking disc surface temperature measuring device, characterized in that is comprises a microcontroller for transmitting repeatedly the process of receiving the other signal information. delete The method of claim 1, And the signal processor further comprises an A / D converter for outputting a signal amplified by the amplifier as a digital signal. delete The method of claim 1, The data processing system is a brake disk surface temperature measurement apparatus for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the graphic signal, the text signal received from the micro-controller further comprises a notebook PC having a separate storage device therein. delete The method of claim 1, The amplifier is a brake disk surface temperature measuring apparatus of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the OP amplifier is applied. The method of claim 1, The amplifier is a brake disc surface temperature measuring apparatus for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the two-stage amplifier. The method of claim 1, And the amplifier has a characteristic of a high frequency band filter. The method of claim 3, wherein The A / D converter has a 16-bit, 16-channel braking disk surface temperature measuring apparatus characterized in that it has. The method of claim 1, The microcontroller is a brake disc surface temperature measuring apparatus for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the fan recorder for reading the control and temperature signal information for the entire circuit in an interrupt manner. A temperature measuring step of measuring a temperature change caused by frictional heat of the braking disc when braking the train traveling at high speed; An analog pressure information signal amplifying step of amplifying the analog pressure information signal output in the temperature measuring step; A digital temperature conversion step of converting the amplified analog pressure information signal into digital data temperature information when the analog pressure information signal is amplified in the analog pressure information signal amplifying step; A temperature information collecting step of collecting and analyzing data converted into a digital signal in the digital temperature conversion step; Comprising an output step of comparing the temperature information collected and analyzed by the temperature information collection step and then outputting and displaying to the outside, the temperature information collection step is a process of receiving temperature data from the A / D converter, table Table search process for finding and storing temperature data in the braking disk surface temperature measurement method of a railway vehicle comprising the step of storing each of the three digits by converting the BCD value. delete The method of claim 12, The digital temperature conversion step is a process of indicating that the LCD is ready for operation, the process of opening and closing the temperature sensor, the operation of controlling the A / D converter, the process of stopping the operation of the temperature sensor, repeat the above steps Brake disk surface temperature measurement method of a railway vehicle, characterized in that it further comprises a process.

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