CN110220603B - Friction wear test temperature measurement system and method - Google Patents

Friction wear test temperature measurement system and method Download PDF

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CN110220603B
CN110220603B CN201910428336.0A CN201910428336A CN110220603B CN 110220603 B CN110220603 B CN 110220603B CN 201910428336 A CN201910428336 A CN 201910428336A CN 110220603 B CN110220603 B CN 110220603B
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temperature
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computer
temperature sensor
grinding ball
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苏云帅
李淑欣
姜瀚
仇立宁
余丰
鲁思渊
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Ningbo University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and discloses a friction wear test temperature measurement system and method, which comprises the following steps: computer, data transmission line, intermediate processor, temperature sensor, nut, grinding ball, ball anchor clamps, hole, screw thread. The computer and data transmission line, there is intermediate processor between computer and the temperature sensor, fix the grinding ball on the ball clamp by the nut with internal thread; the temperature sensor is integrated in the ball clamp, the grinding ball is fixed with the nut by a set of specially designed threads, and the other end of the grinding ball is contacted with the temperature sensor through an inner hole. The temperature sensor is connected with the computer through the intermediate processor and a data transmission line, and a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor is transmitted to the intermediate processor; the intermediate processor converts the temperature signal and transmits the temperature signal to the computer; the highest temperature of the contact point is calculated through an internal program of the computer, and finally the real-time temperature is displayed on a computer display.

Description

Friction wear test temperature measurement system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and particularly relates to a friction wear test temperature measurement system and method.
Background
Currently, the current state of the art commonly used in the industry is such that: the friction and wear test belongs to a dynamic test and mainly aims to evaluate the friction and wear resistance of the material. The dynamic test has the characteristics of dynamic property, randomness and the like, and causes the problems that various physical parameters also have dynamic property, randomness and the like. It is well known that the properties of a material necessarily change with changes in temperature. Therefore, accurately obtaining temperature information in the test can research the friction and wear performance of the material at different temperatures. Therefore, measuring the temperature parameters of the material in the test process has important significance for researching the performance change of the material.
Due to the rapid dynamic temperature change and the complex measuring environment, the requirements on the measuring method and the instrument are higher. The most widely used at present are non-contact measurement methods. The non-contact temperature measurement method has been developed rapidly due to its fast response speed, but its complicated structure, limitation of temperature measurement principle and high cost limit its application range. For example, an infrared thermometer can only measure the surface temperature of an object and cannot measure the internal temperature. Preferably, infrared thermometers are not used for bright or polished metal surface temperature measurements. The infrared thermometer is also obviously influenced by the environment, such as the environment of steam, dust and smoke can influence the measurement precision and the like.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:
(1) non-contact thermometry methods such as infrared thermometry, while having a faster response, their accuracy limits their application in dynamic testing.
(2) The dynamic test has rapid temperature change, complex environment and high requirements on test methods and instruments.
(3) The temperature information in dynamic test must be measured by skillfully utilizing a static and dynamic part in the test and combining with a temperature sensor to indirectly and accurately measure the temperature.
The difficulty and significance for solving the technical problems are as follows:
difficulty: to redesign the ball holder, a temperature sensor is incorporated into the grinding ball to accurately measure the temperature at a particular point on the grinding ball. Secondly, the highest temperature of the contact point is calculated by utilizing the thermal conductivity coefficient of the ball material through a partial differential equation. And finally, inputting data into a computer through a data acquisition system, and displaying the highest temperature of the contact point by using a programmed program.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a friction wear test temperature measuring system and method.
The invention is realized in this way, a friction wear test temperature measurement system, comprising: computer, data transmission line, intermediate processor, temperature sensor, nut, grinding ball, ball anchor clamps, hole, screw thread.
The computer and data transmission line, intermediate processor between the temperature sensor and computer, and grinding ball fixed onto the ball fixture with nut. The temperature sensor is integrated in the ball clamp, the grinding ball is fixed with the nut by a set of specially designed threads, and the other end of the grinding ball is contacted with the temperature sensor through an inner hole.
The temperature sensor is connected with the computer through the intermediate processor and a data transmission line, and a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor is transmitted to the intermediate processor; the intermediate processor converts the temperature signal and transmits the temperature signal to the computer; the highest temperature of the contact point is calculated through an internal program of the computer, and finally the real-time temperature is displayed on a computer display.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor integrated in the ball clamp is fixed and has no looseness, and is in close contact with one end of the grinding ball to measure the temperature. The ball clamp is well matched with the temperature sensor, the nut of the ball clamp is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the grinding ball cannot be damaged.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a frictional wear test temperature measuring method of operating the frictional wear test temperature measuring system, the frictional wear test temperature measuring method including:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a ball clamp comprises a grinding ball pair, the grinding ball pair is fixed on an abrasion tester by a support rod, when a disc sample rotates, relative friction is generated between the grinding ball pair and the disc sample to generate heat, and the temperature of a local area of a contact point of the grinding ball pair and the disc sample is increased;
secondly, when the grinding ball is in close contact with the contact point of the disc sample, the temperature cannot be directly measured through a temperature sensor; when the heat is locally diffused to the whole ball body, the temperature of the whole ball body is raised, the temperature sensor is contacted with the other end of the grinding ball and measures the temperature value of the other side of the contact point, and the temperature data is transmitted to the intermediate processor; the intermediate processor converts the temperature signal and transmits the temperature signal to the computer;
converting the data through an intermediate processor, and finally transmitting the data to a computer to display the highest temperature of the grinding ball and the disc sample; different materials have different heat conductivity coefficients, and because the distribution of the temperature in the sphere is different, a certain temperature difference exists between the measuring point and the contact point; the maximum temperature of the contact area is determined by the temperature distribution function.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:
the pin sample and the ball clamp in the pin disc type friction testing machine are firstly modified, the common ball clamp only plays a role in fixing the grinding ball, and a temperature sensor is not introduced. The modified fixture has the advantages that the temperature sensor is introduced and directly contacts the grinding ball pair, the temperature change of the grinding ball pair can be accurately measured, then the obtained temperature value is transmitted to a computer through a transmission system, and the highest temperature can be displayed through software calculation.
The highest temperature position in the frictional wear test occurs at the contact point, and the highest temperature values of the disc sample and the ball sample are the same. But the ball-disk is in a relative motion state, and the temperature sensor cannot be directly contacted. The temperature of one side of the grinding ball can be accurately measured through the temperature sensor, and the highest temperature of the contact point is calculated through the thermal conductivity coefficient of the grinding ball material.
The contact type temperature measuring system has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and strong applicability. In addition, the contact temperature measuring system can continuously measure the temperature change condition in the test process, and the temperature change condition is calculated and displayed on a computer through a software program.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction wear test temperature measurement system provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detection structure of a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a computer; 2. a data transmission line; 3. an intermediate processor; 4. a temperature sensor; 5. a nut; 6. grinding balls are paired; 7. a ball clamp; 8. an inner bore; 9. and (4) threading.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a friction wear test temperature measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a friction wear testing machine provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a friction wear test temperature measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a computer 1, a data transmission line 2, an intermediate processor 3, a temperature sensor 4, a nut 5, a grinding ball 6, a ball clamp 7, an inner hole 8 and a thread 9.
The computer 1 and the data transmission line 2, the intermediate processor 3 is arranged between the temperature sensor 4 and the computer 1, and the grinding ball 6 is fixed on the ball clamp 7 by the nut 5 with internal thread. The temperature sensor 4 is integrated in the ball clamp 7, the grinding ball 6 is fixed with the nut 5 by a set of specially designed screw threads 9, and the other end of the grinding ball is contacted with the temperature sensor 4 through an inner hole 8.
The temperature sensor 4 is connected with the computer 1 through the intermediate processor 3 and the data transmission line 2, when the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 4 is transmitted to the intermediate processor 3, the intermediate processor 3 converts the temperature signal and then transmits the temperature signal to the computer 1, the highest temperature of a contact point is calculated through an internal program of the computer 1, and finally the real-time temperature is displayed on a display of the computer 1.
Further, the temperature sensor 4 integrated in the ball clamp 7 is fixed without looseness, and one end of the grinding ball 6 is closely contacted to measure the temperature. In addition, the ball clamp 7 is well matched with the temperature sensor 4, and convenient replacement is guaranteed. The nut 5 of the ball clamp 7 is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the grinding ball cannot be damaged.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for measuring the temperature in the friction wear test provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: the ball clamp comprises a pair of grinding balls, the grinding balls are fixed on the abrasion tester by utilizing the supporting rod, when the disc sample rotates, the relative friction between the grinding balls and the disc sample generates heat, and the temperature of a local area of a contact point of the grinding balls and the disc sample is increased;
s102: when the grinding ball is in close contact with the contact point of the disc sample, the temperature can not be directly measured through the temperature sensor; when the heat is locally diffused to the whole ball body, the temperature of the whole ball body is raised, the temperature sensor is contacted with the other end of the grinding ball and measures the temperature value of the other side of the contact point, and the temperature data is transmitted to the intermediate processor; the intermediate processor converts the temperature signal and transmits the temperature signal to the computer;
s103: converting the data through an intermediate processor, and finally transmitting the data to a computer to display the highest temperature of the grinding ball and the disc sample; different materials have different heat conductivity coefficients, and because the distribution of the temperature in the sphere is different, a certain temperature difference exists between the measuring point and the contact point; the maximum temperature of the contact area is determined by the temperature distribution function.
Further, the step of calculating the maximum temperature of the contact region by the temperature distribution function is specifically:
the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the solid material is constant when conducting heat, and the internal heat source
Figure BDA0002068194510000051
Is also a constant. In steady state heat conduction, the heat conduction differential equation can be written as follows for a cylinder, sphere, etc.:
Figure BDA0002068194510000052
the solution can be written as follows:
Figure BDA0002068194510000053
temperature t at when r is 00Can be calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0002068194510000054
r ═ surface temperature t at RwCan be calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0002068194510000055
temperature difference t0-twAs shown in the following formula:
Figure BDA0002068194510000056
in the case of a sphere, the shape of the sphere,
Figure BDA0002068194510000057
applications of qwThe following calculations can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002068194510000058
the measured data is displayed on a computer through derivation of the formula and process sequence editing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A friction wear test temperature measurement method based on a friction wear test temperature measurement system is characterized in that the friction wear test temperature measurement system comprises: the device comprises a computer, a data transmission line, an intermediate processor, a temperature sensor, a nut, a pair of grinding balls, a ball clamp, an inner hole and a thread;
the computer and data transmission line, there is intermediate processor between computer and the temperature sensor, fix the grinding ball on the ball clamp by the nut with internal thread; the temperature sensor is integrated in the ball clamp, the grinding ball is fixed with the nut by a set of threads, and the other end of the grinding ball is contacted with the temperature sensor through an inner hole;
the temperature sensor is connected with the computer through the intermediate processor and a data transmission line, and a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor is transmitted to the intermediate processor; the intermediate processor converts the temperature signal and transmits the temperature signal to the computer; calculating the highest temperature of the contact point through an internal program of the computer, and finally displaying the real-time temperature on a computer display;
the temperature sensor integrated in the ball clamp is fixed without looseness and is in close contact with one end of the grinding ball to measure the temperature; the ball fixture is well matched with the temperature sensor, the nut of the ball fixture is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the grinding ball cannot be damaged;
the friction wear test temperature measuring method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a ball clamp comprises a grinding ball pair, the grinding ball pair is fixed on an abrasion tester by a support rod, when a disc sample rotates, relative friction is generated between the grinding ball pair and the disc sample to generate heat, and the temperature of a local area of a contact point of the grinding ball pair and the disc sample is increased;
secondly, when the grinding ball is in close contact with the contact point of the disc sample, the temperature cannot be directly measured through a temperature sensor; when the heat is locally diffused to the whole ball body, the temperature of the whole ball body is raised, the temperature sensor is contacted with the other end of the grinding ball and measures the temperature value of the other side of the contact point, and the temperature data is transmitted to the intermediate processor; the intermediate processor converts the temperature signal and transmits the temperature signal to the computer;
thirdly, data conversion is carried out through an intermediate processor, and finally the data are transmitted to a computer to display the highest temperature of the grinding ball and the disc sample; different materials have different heat conductivity coefficients, and because the distribution of the temperature in the sphere is different, a certain temperature difference exists between the measuring point and the contact point; calculating the highest temperature of the contact area through a temperature distribution function;
the maximum temperature of the contact region is determined by the temperature distribution function, specifically:
the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the solid material is constant when conducting heat, and the internal heat source
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Is also a constant; in steady state heat conduction, for a cylinder and a sphere, the heat conduction differential equation can be written as follows:
Figure 893048DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
the solution can be written as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
；
temperature at r =0
Figure 872505DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Can be calculated as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
surface temperature at R = R
Figure 714559DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Can be calculated as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
；
temperature difference
Figure 234402DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
As shown in the following formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
；
in the case of a sphere, the shape of the sphere,
Figure 111091DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
application of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
The following calculations can be obtained:
Figure 995870DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；
the measured data is displayed on a computer through derivation of the formula and process sequence editing.
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CN110631935A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-12-31 宁波大学 Low-temperature device of rolling contact fatigue testing machine
CN112729067A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-30 无锡市爱可赛体育用品有限公司 Spherical surface detection process suitable for basketball production
CN113739953B (en) * 2021-08-04 2023-07-25 中国机械总院集团武汉材料保护研究所有限公司 Temperature measuring device and temperature measuring method in friction process of friction pair material

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SU1045009A1 (en) * 1982-03-26 1983-09-30 Предприятие П/Я В-8584 Friction surface temperature measuing method
US6655192B2 (en) * 2001-10-10 2003-12-02 Borgwarner Inc. Permeameter-porosimeter
CN102410964A (en) * 2011-08-27 2012-04-11 中国兵器工业集团第七○研究所 Electromagnetic induction temperature field simulating device for abrasion test table of engine valve and housing
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