KR100540929B1 - Girder bridge protection apparatus, sacrifice bracing, sacrifice bracing restrainer composing it and reinforcement construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a plurality of girders (100) installed on the upper surface of the bridge 30 of the alternating 10 or piers 20 to support the bottom 40 of the superstructure; The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200, which is positioned on the bridge 30, is fixedly installed between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100, and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is formed in the core. )Wow; Connecting the lower end of the girder and the lower end of the girder (100a) adjacent to the girder (100), and the sacrificial member (300) installed through the sacrificial member through hole (210); By providing a structure that includes, it serves as a secondary reinforcing member that can improve the structural behavior of the main member during non-earthquake, and in the event of an earthquake, it acts as an energy dissipation device to protect the bridge main member by plastic behavior. As a structure that can predict elasticity and plastic behavior, it can maintain structural safety under repeated loads, and can be easily applied to existing bridges and new bridges without additional traffic control. The bridge protection device that can resist the earthquake load in the right direction and has no problem in the expression of function even if there is no separate maintenance, etc., and the economical sacrificial member that can be easily replaced when damaged as a secondary member. To provide.

Bridge, Girder Bridge, Girder, Protection, Earthquake, Hysteresis Energy, Sacrifice

Description

Bridge protection device, sacrificial member, sacrificial member restraint mechanism, bridge reinforcement method using same {GIRDER BRIDGE PROTECTION APPARATUS, SACRIFICE BRACING, SACRIFICE BRACING RESTRAINER COMPOSING IT AND REINFORCEMENT CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF}

1 to 16 show an embodiment of the present invention,

1 is a perspective view

2 is a front view when applied to the type I plate girder bridge

3 is a front view when applied to the box girder bridge

4 is a perspective view of the sacrificial member

5 is a perspective view of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the sacrificial member and restraint mechanism (A-A cross section in Figure 2)

7 is a plan view showing the axial direction behavior of the sacrificial member;

8 is a perspective view of a first embodiment in which a connection portion of a girder and a sacrificial member is applied to an I-type plate girder bridge;

9 is a perspective view of a first embodiment in which a connection portion of a girder and a sacrificial member is applied to a box girder bridge;

10 is a perspective view of a second embodiment in which the connecting portion of the girder and the sacrificial member is applied to an I-type plate girder bridge

11 is a perspective view of a second embodiment in which a connection portion of a girder and a sacrificial member is applied to a box girder bridge;

12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the axially oriented behavior of the sacrificial member (B-B cross section in FIG. 2).

13 is a front view of a structure in which a bridge protection device is installed on a bridge of bridges or bridges;

14 is a side view of a first embodiment in which a bridge protection device is installed on a bridge;

15 is a side view of a second embodiment in which a bridge protection device is installed on a bridge;

16 is a side view of a third embodiment in which a bridge protection device is installed on a bridge;

17 and 18 show the results of applying the bridge protection device according to the present invention to a part of the plate girder bridge and simulated its behavior,

17 is a graph when the bridge protection device is not applied

18 is a graph when the bridge protection device is applied

** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings **

1: Bridge protection device 10: Shift

20: pier 30: bridge

31: fixed end of the chair 32: movable end of the chair

40: bottom of superstructure 50: bracing

60: vertical reinforcement 70: bonding plate

100: girder 110: I-type plate girder

120: box girder 200: sacrifice member restraint mechanism

210: sacrificial member through hole 220: support plate

230: cover 300: sacrificial member

310: stress concentration part

The present invention relates to a device for protecting a bridge, and in particular, not only dead and live loads generally acting on the bridge, but also the remaining main members of the bridge as the sacrificial member is sacrificed even when an earthquake load is applied. It relates to a device that can be more secure protection.

Here, the sacrificial member has a concept of a passive energy dissipation device, and plays a predetermined structural role as a secondary member during a non-earthquake, but passively dissipates energy generated in a structure under an earthquake to improve seismic performance. To say no.

Passive energy dissipation devices have been applied to various structures in the past, and representative devices developed to date include metallic yield dampers, friction dampers, viscoelastic dampers, viscous fluid dampers, tuned mass dampers, and tuned liquid dampers. (soong et al., 2002)

Metallic yield dampers dissipate the energy generated by the earthquake due to the nonlinear behavior of the metal. Commonly used devices include ADAS (added damping and stiffness), which uses X- or triangular steel sheets to evenly distribute plastic deformation throughout the member. Other types of devices are mainly honeycomb type used in Japan. B) devices using shear panels, or devices using lead or shape memory alloys in addition to steels (Aiken et al., 1992).

Recently, unbonded braces (tension / compression yielding braces) have been used in the US and Japan as another type of metallic yield dampers. Unbonded braces consist of steel-filled sections that dissipate energy by axial forces and concrete-filled tubes that resist buckling by compressive forces (Wada, 1999; Clark, 1999; Kalyanaraman et al., 1998).

Friction dampers are devices that dissipate energy generated in a structure by earthquake loads by using frictional forces between two objects. Friction dampers dissipate energy through frictional forces generated in the device by compressive and tensile forces.

Hysteresis of Friction damper appears as a square shape according to the characteristics of Coulomb friction, and this hysteresis model makes it possible to analyze the behavior of structures due to earthquake loads (Pall et al., 1982; Gringorian et al., 1993). Pall et al., 1993)

Viscoelastic dampers mainly dissipate energy generated in structures through shear deformation of copolymers or glassy materials (Chang et al., 1994; Shen et al., 1995; Lai et al., 1995).

Viscous fluid devices are largely divided into viscous walls and VE dampers. Viscous wall is a device that dissipates energy as the plate moves between steel plates filled with viscous liquid. It has been used for military and aviation and has been applied to civil engineering recently.

The VF damper consists of a piston with a built-in orifice moving in a cylinder filled with a highly viscous material such as silicone or oil (Constantinou et al., 1993). It serves to dissipate. These VF dampers are often used with base isolation.

Tuned mass dampers, tuned liquid dampers, are one of the active control systems rather than passive control systems because they can increase the response in other modes by using a specific mass or liquid to reduce the magnitude of the response for a particular mode response. Active mass damper.

The above-mentioned seismic performance enhancing devices are limited in bridge structures, except for VF dampers used with seismic separation bearings, and have been mainly developed and used for building structures (Zahrai et al., 1999).

On the other hand, as described above, in the case of non-earthquake, a study on the sacrificial member that plays a predetermined structural role as a secondary member, and serves to improve the seismic performance by passive dissipation of energy generated in the structure under the earthquake load It is actively progressed recently.

It is a structure that introduces the concept of a sacrificial member against dl earthquake load, such as a shear key and a flexible bracing installed at the end of a bridge.

Shear key is a device that supports the lateral force generated in the right angle direction of the bridge in small and medium bridges, and controls the damage of the shifts and piles by concentrating the earthquake loads on the shear key installed on the shifts during earthquakes. The Structural Systems Research Project conducted a study on the seismic response, analysis, and design of shear keys (Megally et al., 2001).

The shear key is divided into an internal shear key installed inside the shift under the superstructure and an external shear key installed on the side of the superstructure according to the shape.

The internal shear key has the advantage that it can resist both seismic behavior in the axial direction and the axial direction of the axial direction, but has the disadvantage that it is not easy to access after installation. There is a problem of not resisting.

The seismic performance enhancing device for bridges using the flexible bracing at the end as a sacrifice member is a triangular-plate added to the end vertical bracing of the composite plate-shaped bridge, which is a kind of eccentrically braced frames (ESBF), shear panel systems (SPS) or ADAS devices. damping and stiffness devices), which dissipates the energy generated by seismic loads perpendicular to the bridge in the bridge substructure.

Such flexible bracing is designed to cause plastic deformation before the bridge's substructure reaches yield point, thereby preventing damage due to seismic loads that may occur at non-combustible members or foundations and bridges.

However, it has been pointed out as a problem in that such a device is applied under the assumption that deformation or load occurring in the axial direction is limited to a specific method, and there is no dissipation capacity for energy and displacement generated in the axial direction due to the earthquake load. (Zahrai et al., 1999; Bruneau et al., 2002)

Conventional bridge protection device as described above had the following problems.

First, it is difficult to apply to existing bridges and new bridges, and there is a burden of traffic control for construction, and a high burden of costs such as the use of specially manufactured expensive equipment.

Second, since the earthquake usually does not play a specific role in the behavior of the bridge, if the earthquake does not occur during the life of the bridge, it can not play any role and must bear the relative economic loss.

Third, it cannot resist seismic loads in all directions, such as the axial direction and the perpendicular direction of the axial direction.

Fourth, it is difficult to accurately predict the elasticity and plastic behavior of the sacrificial member, it is difficult to ensure structural safety.

Fifth, separate maintenance is difficult, it is not easy to replace when the sacrificial member is damaged.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a bridge protection device applying a sacrificial member that satisfies the following requirements in order to protect the bridge from seismic loads, ordinary fixed and live loads and other harmful external forces. The purpose.                         

First, in order to effectively dissipate the energy due to the earthquake load, the sacrificial member must be able to dissipate a lot of energy before failure by securing the ductility to accommodate displacement occurring in the member.

Second, the elasticity and plastic behavior of the sacrificial member should be predictable and should be able to maintain structural safety even under multiple repeated loads.

Third, the sacrificial member should play a role to improve the structural behavior of the main member during non-earthquake, and should be able to act as an energy dissipation device during an earthquake.

Fourth, it should be easily applicable to existing bridges and new bridges, and it should be installed in the place where work can be done without additional traffic control when installed on existing bridges.

Fifth, the sacrificial member has a simple structural shape and must be able to withstand seismic loads in the axial direction and the perpendicular direction of the axial direction.

Sixth, there should be no problem in function expression even if there is no separate maintenance, etc., and it should be an economical configuration that can be easily replaced when damaged as a secondary member.

The present invention is a plurality of girders (100) installed on the upper surface of the bridge 30 of the alternating (10) or pier 20 to support the bottom 40 of the superstructure in order to achieve the object as described above; The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200, which is positioned on the bridge 30, is fixedly installed between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100, and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is formed in the core. )Wow; Connecting the lower end of the girder and the lower end of the girder (100a) adjacent to the girder (100), and the sacrificial member (300) installed through the sacrificial member through hole (210); Presenting a bridge protection device (1) comprising.

Here, the I-girder plate girder 110, the box girder 120, the plate girder and the like can be applied to the girder 100.

In addition, the sacrificial member 300 preferably takes a structure formed of a material having a weaker rigidity than the girder 100 or the other reinforcing bracing 50.

In addition, a stress concentrating portion 310 having a narrower cross section than the other portion is formed in the center portion of the sacrificial member 300, and the stress concentrating portion is formed in the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member constraining mechanism 200. It is preferable to take the structure in which 310 is located.

In addition, the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 preferably has a structure formed to have a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the sacrificial member 300.

In addition, the stress concentration unit 310 preferably takes a structure formed as a V-shaped groove structure.

In addition, the sacrificial member 300 preferably has a structure in which two L-shaped steels are combined to have a U-shaped cross section.

In addition, a vertical reinforcement 60 is vertically coupled to the side of the girder 100 and a coupling plate 70 extending laterally from the vertical reinforcement 60 is further provided, the end of the sacrificial member 300 It may take a structure coupled to the coupling plate 70.

In addition, the vertical reinforcement 60 is further provided to be vertically coupled to the side of the girder 100, the end of the sacrificial member 300 is the vertical reinforcement 60 and the lower flange 101 of the girder 100 It may also take a structure bonded together.

In addition, the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 includes a support plate 220 having a sacrificial member mounting surface formed thereon; A cover portion 230 coupled to an upper surface of the support plate 200 to form the sacrificial member through-hole 210; It is preferable to take the provided structure.

In addition, the cover portion 230 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 has a U-shaped cross-sectional structure, the structure is further provided with a support plate 240 for supporting the side and the upper surface of the outer surface of the cover portion 230 It is desirable to take

In addition, the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 has a structure formed so as to be spaced apart from the inner surface and the outer surface of the stress concentration portion 310 of the sacrificial member 300 by a predetermined distance (d). It is preferable.

Here, the gap (d) is a structure formed by the amount corresponding to the expected displacement of the sacrificial member 300 due to the temperature change, deflection, creep of the concrete, dry shrinkage, prestressing, etc. of the bridge superstructure It is desirable to take

In addition, the bridge protection device 1 may be installed only on the bridge 32 corresponding to the movable end of the bridge 30, the bridge 32 and the fixed end corresponding to the movable end of the bridge 30 All of the corresponding seats 31 may be provided, and all of the seats 30 may be formed as the seats 32 corresponding to the movable ends, and all of the seats 31 may be provided.

On the other hand, the present invention is another means for achieving the above object, that is, the sacrificial member 300 used in the bridge protection device 1, the rigidity than the girder 100 or other reinforcing bracing 50 The sacrificial member 300 is formed of a weak material, and has a stress concentration portion 310 having a narrower cross section than the other portion in the center portion, and the stress concentration portion 310 is formed in a V-shaped groove structure. present.

In this embodiment, the sacrificial member 300 illustrates a structure in which two L-shaped steels are combined to have a U-shaped cross section, but as long as the sacrificial member 300 has a structure capable of performing the above function, a U-shaped cross section, a box-shaped cross section, and the like. It doesn't matter if you take the structure.

In addition, the present invention is another means for achieving the above object, that is, the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 used in the bridge protection device (1), the support plate 220, the sacrificial member mounting surface is formed on the upper surface; A cover portion 230 coupled to an upper surface of the support plate 200 to form the sacrificial member through-hole 210 having a U-shaped cross-sectional structure; The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 is provided.

Here, the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 includes a support plate 240 for supporting the side surface and the upper surface of the outer surface of the cover portion 230; It is preferable to take a further structure.

In addition, the present invention is another bridge for achieving the above object, that is, the bridge reinforcement method using the bridge protection device 1, by the structural analysis considering the characteristics of the area where the bridge is installed of the sacrificial member 300 Considering local characteristics to determine the strength and structure of the stress concentration unit 310; A sacrificial member displacement prediction process for predicting displacement of the sacrificial member 300 due to temperature change, deflection, creep of concrete, dry shrinkage, prestress, and elastic deformation of the member due to prestress; The inner surface of the sacrificial member through hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 and the outer surface of the stress concentration part 310 of the sacrificial member 300 are predetermined by an amount corresponding to the displacement of the sacrificial member 300. Determining a member standard for determining sizes of the sacrificial member 300 and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 to be spaced apart from each other; Fixing the restraint mechanism to fix and install the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 having the sacrificial member through hole 210 on the upper surface of the bridge 30 between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100. Installation process; A sacrificial member connection installation process of connecting the sacrificial member 300 to the lower ends of both side girders 100 through the through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200; The bridge reinforcement method is included.

Here, the sacrificial member connection installation process is the process of vertically coupling the vertical reinforcement (60) to the side of the girder (100); Coupling the coupling plate (70) to extend to the side of the vertical reinforcement (60); Coupling an end of the sacrificial member 300 to the coupling plate 70; It may be further provided.

In addition, the sacrificial member connection installation process is the process of vertically coupling the vertical reinforcement (60) to the side of the girder (100); Coupling the end of the sacrificial member (300) together with the vertical reinforcement (60) and the lower flange (101) of the girder (100); It may be further provided.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 16 show an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view, Figure 2 is a front view when applied to the type I plate girder bridge, Figure 3 is a front view when applied to the box girder bridge, Figure 4 5 is a perspective view of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the sacrificial member and the restraint mechanism, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the axial direction of the sacrificial member, and FIG. 8 is a connecting portion of the girder and the sacrificial member. 9 is a perspective view of a first embodiment applied to an I-type plate girder bridge, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a first embodiment in which a connection of a girder and a sacrificial member is applied to a box girder bridge, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a second embodiment in which the connecting portion of the girder and the sacrificial member is applied to a box girder bridge, FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the axially perpendicular behavior of the sacrificial member, and FIG. 13 is a bridge of alternating or piers. 14 is a side view of a first embodiment in which a bridge protection device is installed in a bridge, FIG. 15 is a side view of a second embodiment in which a bridge protection device is installed in a bridge, and FIG. 16 is a bridge in a bridge. Side view of the third embodiment in which the protection device is installed.

As shown, the present invention is a plurality of girders (100) installed on the upper surface of the bridge 30 of the alternating 10 or piers 20 to support the bottom 40 of the superstructure; The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200, which is positioned on the bridge 30, is fixedly installed between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100, and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is formed in the core. )Wow; Connecting the lower end of the girder and the lower end of the girder (100a) adjacent to the girder (100), and the sacrificial member (300) installed through the sacrificial member through hole (210); It is configured to include.

That is, the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 having the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is installed between the girder 100 and the adjacent girder 100a, and the sacrificial member between the girder 100 and the adjacent girder 100a. By installing the 300 through the through hole 210, the axial movement of the sacrificial member 300 is to be constrained by the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200.

The sacrificial member 300 is installed in a structure that connects the lower end of the girder 100 and the adjacent girder 100a so as to satisfy the lateral support conditions of the structure, when the external force does not reach the earthquake load, the sacrificial member ( 300 acts as a secondary member to maintain the cross-sectional shape of the bridge, to ensure rigidity, and to smoothly transfer the lateral load to the bridge.

In addition, the sacrificial member 300 is installed through the through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200, the lateral behavior is constrained, so that a large external force reaching the earthquake load acts, the bridge superstructure and substructure When the relative behavior of the is increased, as shown in Figure 7, the sacrificial member 300 causes the bending behavior by the restraint of the restraint mechanism 200, which means that the sacrificial member 300 is out of the elastic region to the plastic behavior This means that the energy introduced into the bridge by the earthquake load is dissipated according to this repeated hysteresis behavior.

Bridge protection device according to the present invention takes the configuration to connect the lower end of the girder 100 and the adjacent girder (100a) by the sacrificial member 300, a kind of bracing, to connect the upper structure and the lower structure by the girder As long as the bridge of the structure can be applied, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, it is also applicable to the type I plate girder bridge to which the type I plate girder 110 is applied, as shown in FIG. The box girder bridge to which the girder 120 is applied is also applicable, and as long as it takes the structure of a girder bridge, it can be applied to all simple bridges, continuous bridges, steel bridges, and concrete bridges.

In the present invention, the sacrificial member 300 not only serves as a sacrificial member dissipating its load by hysteresis behavior under an earthquake load, but also performs a role of a secondary reinforcing member at the same time as a normal use load, so that at least a certain degree It is required to have strength, but if it has excessive rigidity, there is a risk of damaging the girder 100 connected to both sides of the sacrificial member 300, which is more rigid than the girder 100 or the other reinforcing bracing 50. It is preferable to take the structure formed by this weak material.

In addition, in order for the hysteresis behavior of the sacrificial member 300 to occur more easily during an earthquake load, a stress concentration part 310 having a narrower cross section than the other part is formed at the center of the sacrificial member 300, and the sacrificial member is restrained. It is preferable to take a structure in which the stress concentration part 310 is located in the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the mechanism 200.

Here, the stress concentration unit 310 is more preferably in the form of a V-shaped groove structure in terms of ease of manufacturing and construction, clarification of structural analysis, and the like.

Since the material or the cross-sectional shape of the sacrificial member 300 can be arbitrarily deformed, it is possible to design and construct a protection device suitable for the geological characteristics of the area where the actual bridge is installed.

For example, it is preferable to install the reinforcing member to emphasize the role of the secondary reinforcing member, such as in Korea, and in the case of a strong earthquake region such as Japan, it is preferable to install the original role of the sacrificial member.

In addition, in order to more reliably restrain the behavior of the sacrificial member 300 by the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 during the earthquake load, the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 is the sacrificial member 300. It is preferable to take a structure formed to have a cross section corresponding to the cross section of.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12 (BB cross section in FIG. 2), the stress concentration part 310 of the sacrificial member 300 is formed as a V-shaped groove structure, and the sacrificial member through-hole of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 is formed. When the 210 is formed to have a cross section corresponding to the cross section (V-shaped groove structure) of the sacrificial member 300, the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 performs the axial direction (lateral direction) behavior of the sacrificial member 300. By restraining and inducing plastic breakdown of the stress concentration unit 310, as well as restraining the axial orthogonal (longitudinal) behavior of the sacrificial member 300, it also serves as a restrainer.

In addition, in order to ensure that the sacrificial member 300 serves as a secondary reinforcement member, two L-shaped steels are combined to have a U-shaped cross section so as to resist movement of the relative distance in both directions in the axial direction. It is desirable to take the structure.

This structure can also be expected to increase the resistance to buckling and local buckling of the surface of the sacrificial member 300.

In addition, even when connecting the girder 100 and the sacrificial member 300, in consideration of the geological characteristics of the area where the bridge is installed, take the structure to prevent damage by minimizing the amount of load borne by the girder 100. Can be.

That is, in the case of the weakly weakened area, the deformation amount of the sacrificial member 300 will not be large. In general, according to the method of installing the reinforcing bracing on the bridge, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, A vertical reinforcement 60 is vertically coupled to the side, and a coupling plate 70 extending laterally from the vertical reinforcement 60 is further provided, and an end of the sacrificial member 300 is coupled to the coupling plate 70. It is preferable to take the structure coupled to.

However, since the deformation amount of the sacrificial member 300 will be large in the case of the strong earth area, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a vertical reinforcement 60 coupled to the side of the girder 100 is further provided and sacrificed. The end portion of the member 300 has a structure in which the vertical reinforcement 60 and the lower flange 101 of the girder 100 are joined together, thereby being formed by a material having a relatively weaker rigidity than the girder 100 during earthquake loading. It is preferable that only the sacrificial member 300 causes plastic deformation and the girder 100 only generates deformation in the elastic region.

Here, the coupling of the girder 100, the vertical reinforcement 60 and the sacrificial member 300 may be any structure selected from bolting coupling, welding coupling, etc., and in this embodiment, a structure in which both bolting and welding are made is presented.

The sacrificial member constraining mechanism 200 may be any structure as long as the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is formed in the core to restrain the behavior of the sacrificial member 300 penetrating therethrough. A support plate 220 having a mounting surface formed thereon; A cover portion 230 coupled to an upper surface of the support plate 200 to form the sacrificial member through-hole 210; The structure provided is shown as an example.

In addition, as described above, when applying the sacrificial member 300 having a structure in which two L-shaped steels are coupled to have a U-shaped cross section, it is preferable that the configuration of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 corresponds to this. The cover portion 230 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 has a U-shaped cross-sectional structure, and the support portion 240 for supporting the side surface and the upper surface of the outer surface of the cover portion 230 is further provided. effective.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 6 (AA section of FIG. 2), the sacrificial member through hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 has an inner surface and a stress concentration portion 310 of the sacrificial member 300. Since the outer surface is formed to be spaced apart by a predetermined distance (d), it is possible to secure the expected displacement of the sacrificial member 300 due to temperature change, deflection of the bridge superstructure, creep of concrete, dry shrinkage, elastic deformation of the member due to prestress. It is desirable to be able to.

That is, since the sacrificial member 300 is to act as a secondary reinforcing member under a situation in which no earthquake load is generated, the sacrificial member 300 is loaded on the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 under the general load as described above. Constrained by the plastic deformation is not preferable for the protection of the bridge, it is effective that the spacing between the sacrificial member 300 and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is a predetermined distance apart.

However, if the separation distance is excessive, since the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 may restrain the sacrificial member 300 to cause plastic deformation even when the earthquake load occurs, the separation distance may be applied to a general load less than the earthquake load. It is preferable not to exceed the amount corresponding to the expected displacement of the sacrificial member 300 which may be caused by.

Bridge protection device 1 according to the invention is located between the plurality of girders 100, as shown in Figure 13, located on the bridge 30 of the alternating 10 or piers 20, where There may be three installation methods depending on whether the bridge 30 is a fixed end 31 or a movable end 32.

First, as shown in FIG. 14, the bridge protection device 1 may be installed only on the bridge 32 corresponding to the movable end of the bridge 30.

In other words, the bridge 31 of the fixed end is installed in the bridge 32 of the movable end without installing the bridge protection device (1), it is the most suitable way to apply the bridge protection device to the existing bridge Can be.

Second, as shown in FIG. 15, the bridge protection device 1 may be installed in both the bridge 32 of the movable end and the bridge 31 of the fixed end.

This may be a suitable method when there is a fear of shear failure of the bridge 31 of the fixed end due to excessive inertia of the bridge superstructure.

When an earthquake occurs, first, the bridge protection device 1 of the bridge 32 of the movable end yields due to the difference in the relative distance between the bridge superstructure and the undercarriage, and then, as the load increases, the bridge 31 of the fixed end also increases. Yield, the bridge protection device 1 according to the present invention is to prevent brittle fracture of the bridge by plastic deformation of the sacrificial member 300, as a result of the sudden destruction of the bridge 31 of the fixed end The fall of bridges can be prevented.

Third, as shown in FIG. 16, both bridges 30 of the bridge may be installed as the bridge 32 of the movable stage, and the bridge protection device 1 may be installed in the bridge 32 of the movable stage. .

This structure makes it possible to expect both the seismic separation effect of the superstructure and the energy dissipation effect by the bridge protection device.

In addition, in the bridge of such a movable end structure, the axial displacement of the superstructure may be a problem. When the bridge protection device 1 according to the present invention is installed, the sacrificial member 300 is the axial displacement of the superstructure. As a result of restraining a certain amount, it also serves to prevent the collision of the superstructure between adjacent vibration systems.

In addition, in the conventional general bridge, the inertia force generated in the perpendicular direction of the bridge due to the earthquake load is concentrated on the specific bearing which is restrained in the perpendicular direction of the bridge, and the damage and the damage of the specific bearing have been considered. In the case of the same structure, since the behavior in the perpendicular direction of the bridge is controlled only by the bridge protection device 1 without restraining a specific bearing in the perpendicular direction of the bridge, the damage of the bridge as described above can be prevented.

In addition, in FIG. 12, the stress concentration part 310 of the sacrificial member 300 is formed as a V-shaped groove structure, and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 has a cross section of the sacrificial member 300. The structure formed to have a cross section corresponding to the (V-shaped groove structure) has been presented. When such a structure is applied to this embodiment, it serves as a restrainer for restraining the behavior in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the superstructure. It can be done more effectively.

Hereinafter, a bridge reinforcement method using the bridge protection device according to the present invention will be described.

As described above, the present invention is characterized in that it is possible to construct a bridge protection device having a suitable structure in consideration of the characteristics of the area in which the bridge is installed, firstly by the structural analysis considering the characteristics of the area in which the bridge is installed, The strength of the 300 and the structure of the stress concentration unit 310 of the sacrificial member 300 is determined.

According to the temperature change, deflection, creep of concrete, dry shrinkage and prestress of the bridge superstructure so that the sacrificial member 300 can take a structure that is spaced apart and restrained by an appropriate interval d within the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200. The displacement of the sacrificial member 300 due to the elastic deformation and the seismic load of the member is predicted.

A predetermined interval is formed between the inner surface of the sacrificial member through hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 and the outer surface of the stress concentration part 310 of the sacrificial member 300 by an amount corresponding to the estimated displacement of the sacrificial member 300. (d) Determine the size of the sacrificial member 300 and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 to be spaced apart.

As such, when the size of the sacrificial member 300 and the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 is determined, it is installed in the bridge. First, the bridge 30 between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100 is provided. ) The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 having the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the size determined by the above process is fixed to the upper surface.

Next, the sacrificial member 300 passes through the through hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 and is connected to the lower ends of both girders 100.

Here, there may be two ways of connecting the sacrificial member 300 to the girder 100.

First, in the case of a weak weak area where the amount of deformation of the sacrificial member 300 is not large, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, vertical reinforcement 60 is vertically coupled to the side of the girder 100, and the vertical reinforcement is After coupling the coupling plate 70 so as to extend to the side of the (60), the end of the sacrificial member 300 is coupled to the coupling plate 70 is taken.

Second, in the case of the strong earthquake area where the deformation amount of the sacrificial member 300 is expected to be large, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the vertical reinforcement 60 is vertically coupled to the side of the girder 100, and the sacrificial member By taking the end of the (300) coupled to the vertical reinforcement 60 and the lower flange 101 of the girder 100 together, the sacrifice formed by a material that is relatively rigid compared to the girder 100 during earthquake load occurs Only the member 300 causes plastic deformation, and the girder 100 causes only deformation in the elastic region.

The hysteresis energy of the bridge piers caused by the earthquake load and the relative displacement of the ground are important factors in determining the damage of the piers due to the earthquake. Excessive hysteresis energy and relative displacement cause damage to the bridge and threaten the safety of the bridge as a whole.

17 and 18 are graphs showing the results of applying the bridge protection device according to the present invention to a part of a plate girder bridge and simulating its behavior, FIG. 17 is a case in which the bridge protection device is not applied, and FIG. This is the case when the bridge protection device is applied.

The ratio of the total input energy of hysteresis energy according to the application of the bridge protection device in the bridge system of the bridge system subjected to the earthquake load with the maximum ground acceleration of 0.2 g. It can be seen that the decrease.

The present invention serves to serve as a secondary reinforcing member to improve the structural behavior of the main member during non-earthquake, and to protect the bridge main member by acting as an energy dissipation device by plastic behavior during an earthquake. As a structure that can predict elasticity and plastic behavior, it can maintain structural safety even under repeated loads, and can be easily applied to existing bridges and new bridges without additional traffic control. It provides resistance to load, and there is no problem in function expression even if there is no separate maintenance, etc., and provides a bridge protection device applying a sacrificial member of economical structure that can be easily replaced when damaged as a secondary member.

Claims (25)

A plurality of girders 100 installed on the upper surface of the bridge 30 of the shift 10 or the bridge 20 to support the bottom 40 of the superstructure; The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200, which is positioned on the bridge 30, is fixedly installed between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100, and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 is formed in the core. )Wow; Connecting the lower end of the girder and the lower end of the girder (100a) adjacent to the girder (100), and the sacrificial member (300) installed through the sacrificial member through hole (210); Bridge protection device comprising (1). The method of claim 1, The girder 100 is a bridge protection device, characterized in that the I-type plate girder (110). The method of claim 1, Bridge girder 100, characterized in that the box girder (120). The method of claim 1, The girder 100 is a bridge protection device, characterized in that the plate girder. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The sacrificial member 300 is a bridge protection device (1), characterized in that formed by a material having a weaker rigidity than the girder (100) or other reinforcing bracing (50). The method of claim 5, A stress concentrating portion 310 having a narrower cross section than another portion is formed in the center portion of the sacrificial member 300, and the stress concentrating portion 310 is formed in the sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member constraining mechanism 200. Bridge protection device, characterized in that the position (1). The method of claim 6, The sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 is formed to have a cross-section corresponding to the cross-section of the sacrificial member 300 (1). The method of claim 7, wherein The stress concentrating portion 310 is a bridge protection device, characterized in that formed as a V-shaped groove structure. The method of claim 8, The sacrificial member 300 is a bridge protection device, characterized in that the two L-shaped steel is combined to have a U-shaped cross section. The method of claim 6, The vertical reinforcement 60 is vertically coupled to the side of the girder 100 and a coupling plate 70 extending laterally from the vertical reinforcement 60 is further provided, the end of the sacrificial member 300 is Bridge protection device (1), characterized in that coupled to the coupling plate (70). The method of claim 6, A vertical reinforcement 60 is further provided to be vertically coupled to the side of the girder 100, and an end of the sacrificial member 300 is connected to the vertical reinforcement 60 and the lower flange 101 of the girder 100. Bridge protection device, characterized in that coupled together. The method of claim 6, The sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 A support plate 220 having a sacrificial member mounting surface formed on an upper surface thereof; A cover portion 230 coupled to an upper surface of the support plate 200 to form the sacrificial member through-hole 210; Bridge protection device (1) characterized in that provided. The method of claim 12, The cover portion 230 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 has a U-shaped cross-sectional structure, characterized in that the support plate 240 is further provided to support the side and the upper surface of the outer surface of the cover portion 230 Bridge protection device (1). The method of claim 6, The sacrificial member through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 is formed so as to be spaced apart from the inner surface and the outer surface of the stress concentration portion 310 of the sacrificial member 300 by a predetermined distance (d) Protective device (1). The method of claim 14, The gap d is formed by an amount corresponding to an expected displacement of the sacrificial member 300 due to temperature change, deflection, creep of concrete, dry shrinkage, elastic deformation of the member due to prestress, etc. of the bridge superstructure. Bridge protection device (1). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Bridge protection device, characterized in that installed only on the bridge (32) corresponding to the movable end of the bridge (30). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Bridge protection device (1), characterized in that installed in both the bridge (32) corresponding to the movable end of the bridge (30) and the bridge (31) corresponding to the fixed end. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The bridge (30) is all of the bridge corresponding to the movable end 32, the bridge protection device, characterized in that all installed on the bridge (32). As the sacrificial member 300 used in the bridge protection device (1) of claim 1, It is formed of a material having a weaker rigidity than the girder 100 or the other reinforcing bracing 50, a stress concentration unit 310 having a narrower cross section than the other portion is formed in the center portion, the stress concentration portion 310 is Sacrificial member 300, characterized in that formed as a V-shaped groove structure. The method of claim 19, Sacrificial member 300, characterized in that the two L-shaped steel is combined to have a U-shaped cross section. As the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 used in the bridge protection device (1) of claim 1, A support plate 220 having a sacrificial member mounting surface formed on an upper surface thereof; A cover portion 230 coupled to an upper surface of the support plate 200 to form the sacrificial member through-hole 210 having a U-shaped cross-sectional structure; Sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 comprising a. The method of claim 21, Support plate 240 for supporting the side and the upper surface of the outer surface of the cover portion 230; Sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200, characterized in that further provided. As a bridge reinforcement method using the bridge protection device (1) of any one of claims 1 to 4, A local characteristic consideration process of determining the strength of the sacrificial member 300 and the structure of the stress concentration unit 310 by structural analysis in consideration of the characteristic of the region in which the bridge is installed; A sacrificial member displacement prediction process for predicting displacement of the sacrificial member 300 due to temperature change, deflection, creep of concrete, dry shrinkage, prestress, and elastic deformation of the member due to prestress; The inner surface of the sacrificial member through hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 and the outer surface of the stress concentration part 310 of the sacrificial member 300 are predetermined by an amount corresponding to the displacement of the sacrificial member 300. Determining a member standard for determining sizes of the sacrificial member 300 and the sacrificial member through-hole 210 to be spaced apart from each other; Fixing the restraint mechanism to fix and install the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200 having the sacrificial member through hole 210 on the upper surface of the bridge 30 between the girder 100 and the girder 100a adjacent to the girder 100. Installation process; A sacrificial member connection installation process of connecting the sacrificial member 300 to the lower ends of both side girders 100 through the through-hole 210 of the sacrificial member restraint mechanism 200; Bridge reinforcement method to include. The method of claim 23, The sacrificial member connection installation process Coupling the vertical reinforcement (60) vertically to the side of the girder (100); Coupling the coupling plate (70) to extend to the side of the vertical reinforcement (60); Coupling an end of the sacrificial member 300 to the coupling plate 70; Bridge reinforcement method characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 23, The sacrificial member connection installation process Coupling the vertical reinforcement (60) vertically to the side of the girder (100); Coupling the end of the sacrificial member (300) together with the vertical reinforcement (60) and the lower flange (101) of the girder (100); Bridge reinforcement method characterized in that it further comprises.

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