KR100502714B1 - Porous concrete for planting - Google Patents
Porous concrete for planting Download PDFInfo
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- KR100502714B1 KR100502714B1 KR10-2003-0007715A KR20030007715A KR100502714B1 KR 100502714 B1 KR100502714 B1 KR 100502714B1 KR 20030007715 A KR20030007715 A KR 20030007715A KR 100502714 B1 KR100502714 B1 KR 100502714B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5007—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with salts or salty compositions, e.g. for salt glazing
- C04B41/5015—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with salts or salty compositions, e.g. for salt glazing containing phosphorus in the anion, e.g. phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 시멘트 140∼150㎏/㎥, 쇄석 1,200∼1,500㎏/㎥, 석분 0∼50㎏/㎥, 물 30∼50㎏/㎥를 혼합한 조성물을 통상의 공정으로 성형한 후 양생하여 중화제에 함침하여 중성화한 것으로 콘크리트 공극율, 압축강도, 알카리농도 등 식생 콘크리트가 요구하는 강도를 유지하면서 식물의 생육이 가능하도록 한 환경친화적인 효과가 있다.The present invention is to form a composition of a mixture of cement 140 ~ 150kg / ㎥, crushed stone 1,200 ~ 1,500kg / ㎥, stone powder 0 ~ 50kg / ㎥, water 30 ~ 50kg / ㎥ in a conventional process, curing and Impregnated and neutralized, it has an environmentally friendly effect that enables the growth of plants while maintaining the strength required by vegetation concrete such as concrete porosity, compressive strength and alkali concentration.
Description
본 발명은 시멘트, 쇄석, 석분, 감수제, 중화제, 물을 일정량 혼합하여 이루어진 식생 콘크리트 조성물에 관한 것으로, 더 구체적으로는 시멘트 140∼150㎏/㎥, 쇄석 1,200∼1,500㎏/㎥, 석분 0∼50㎏/㎥, 물 30∼50㎏/㎥(W/C 23∼25%)를 혼합한 조성물을 통상의 공정으로 성형한 후 양생하여 중화제로 함침, 중성화하여 콘크리트 공극율, 압축강도, 알카리농도 등 식생 콘크리트가 요구하는 강도를 유지하면서 식물의 생육이 가능하도록 한 환경친화적인 식생 콘크리크에 관한것이다. The present invention relates to a vegetation concrete composition formed by mixing a certain amount of cement, crushed stone, water reducing agent, neutralizing agent, water, more specifically cement 140 ~ 150kg / ㎥, crushed stone 1,200 ~ 1,500kg / ㎥, stone powder 0 ~ 50 Kg / ㎥ and water 30-50kg / ㎥ (W / C 23-25%) were mixed in a conventional process, then cured, impregnated with neutralizer, and neutralized to give vegetation such as concrete porosity, compressive strength, and alkali concentration. It is about environmentally friendly vegetation concrete that enables the growth of plants while maintaining the strength required by concrete.
식생콘크리트는 도로공사나 하천공사 등 수로공사시 형성되는 절개면, 호안공사, 고수부지공사, 저수호안공사시 제방이나 절개지의 사면과 성토비탈면 등의 안전을 도모함과 동시에 식물이 생육할 수 있도록 하여 생태적으로 건강한 자연환경를 조성하고자 하는 것으로, 한국공개특허 2001-68603호(2001.07.23)에 골재 80∼85%, 고로시멘트 12∼13중량%, 물 2.5∼3.5중량부, 감수제 0.l중량%로 구성된 것에 식물의 생장과 pH의 조절에 도움을 주기위해 무기질, 유기질비료 성분의 용액에 식생블럭을 침수, 양생하여 제방, 옹벽 등 경사면의 안정을 위해 사용되는 콘크리트 블럭에 식생의 도입이 가능하도록 하여 인간에게 친화적인 환경을 형성시켜 줄 수 있는 콘크리트 블럭이 기재되어 있으나, 비료성분의 침수가 양호하지 않을 뿐 더러 시간의 경과에 따라 자연히 효능이 상실됨으로 인하여 식물성장에 필요한 영양소를 장기적으로 공급할수 없어 근본적으로 식물생육에 도움을 줄 수 있는 바람직한 효과를 기대할 수 없는 문제점이 있다. Vegetation concrete is designed to ensure the safety of the incision surface formed during waterway construction such as road construction or river construction, protection of slopes and slopes of embankments or incisions during water protection construction, water revetment construction, and low water protection construction. In order to create an ecologically healthy natural environment, Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-68603 (2001.07.23), aggregate 80-85%, blast furnace cement 12-13% by weight, water 2.5-3.5 parts, water reducing agent 0.l weight Percentage of vegetation block is submerged and cured in mineral and organic fertilizer solution to help plant growth and pH control. It is possible to introduce vegetation into concrete blocks used to stabilize slopes such as banks and retaining walls. Concrete blocks that can create a human-friendly environment have been described, but the fermentation of fertilizer components is not good, and naturally, over time Due to the loss of efficacy, there is a problem in that it is not possible to supply nutrients necessary for plant growth in the long term, and thus, may not expect a desirable effect that can help plant growth.
또한, 한국공개특허 제2002-84398(2002. 11. 07)호는 도로공사시 형성되는 절개면에 토사의 흘러내림을 방지하고, 호안공사시 사용되는 호안블럭등의 표면에 식물의 씨앗이 용이하게 착근 할 수 있도록 하는 다공성 식생콘크리트 조성물에 관한 것으로, 그 기술구성은 시멘트 60∼130㎏/㎥, 분말도4,000㎠/g이상인 고로슬래그 130∼140㎏/㎥, 평균입경이 5㎜∼25㎜인 굵은골재, 1,500㎏/㎥내지 1,950㎏/㎥의 비율로 혼합하고 결합제(시멘트+고로슬래그) 1중량부당 물 0.25∼0.35중량부로 구성하여 고로 시멘트을 사용하여 기존의 포틀랜드 시멘트 사용으로 인해 시멘트에 함유되어 있는 산화칼슘(CaO)이 물과 반응하여 수산화칼슘｛Ca(OH)2｝을 생성하기 때문에 식생콘크리트를 통하여 식물의 뿌리에 공급되는 수분은 알카리성을 띄게 되며 보통의 경우는 pH가 13까지 되어 식물의 생장에 장애를 일으키는 경우를 해결하고자 하였으나 고로시멘트에도 산화칼슘(CaO)을 상당량 함유하고 있어 그대로 식생콘크리트의 제조원료로 사용할 경우 pH 조절이 용이하지 않아 식생콘크리트블럭을 통해 식물의 뿌리에 공급되는 수분은 알카리성을 띄게 되어 식물의 생육에 도움을 줄 수 없는 문제점이 있다.In addition, Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-84398 (2002. 11. 07) prevents the flow of soil on the cut surface formed during road construction, and facilitates the seed of plants on the surface of a raft block, which is used during revetment. It relates to a porous vegetation concrete composition that can be approached easily, the technical composition of the blast furnace slag 130 ~ 140kg / ㎥ of cement 60 ~ 130㎏ / ㎥, powder degree 4,000 ㎠ / g or more, the average particle diameter 5mm ~ 25㎜ Phosphorous coarse aggregate, mixed at a rate of 1,500㎏ / ㎥ to 1,950㎏ / ㎥ and composed of 0.25 to 0.35 parts by weight of water per 1 part by weight of the binder (cement + blast furnace slag), which is contained in cement due to the use of blast furnace cement since the calcium oxide in (CaO) to create a calcium hydroxide {Ca (OH) 2} reacts with the water through the vegetation concrete water supplied to the plant roots is tinged with alkaline normally the pH is up to 13 expression Although the blast furnace cement contains a significant amount of calcium oxide (CaO), it is not easy to adjust the pH when used as a raw material of vegetation concrete, which is supplied to the root of the plant through vegetation concrete block. Moisture becomes alkaline has a problem that can not help the growth of the plant.
본 발명은 식물의 생육이 가능하도록 pH, 공극율 등이 알맞게 유지될 수 있도록 각 조성성분의 조성비를 유지하면서 중화제를 첨가하여 환경친화적인 식생 콘크리트 조성물을 제공하는 데 있다. The present invention is to provide an eco-friendly vegetation concrete composition by adding a neutralizing agent while maintaining the composition ratio of each component so that the growth of the pH, porosity, etc. can be properly maintained.
본 발명은 시멘트 140-150kg/㎥, 쇄석 1,200∼1,500㎏/㎥, 석분 0∼50㎏/㎥, 물 30∼50㎏/㎥(W/C 23~25%)를 혼합한 조성물에 통상의 공정으로 성형한 후 양생하여 중화제인 인산제1석,인산암모니아,인산제2석회,유리인산, 인산제2마그네슘, 이인산암모늄, 황산철, 인산3석회,골분,인광석,키친태인산,래시친인산,누크레인태인산,미강박,어박,유박과린산석회,용성인비,용과린 중 어느 1종 또는 2종이상 혼합한 용액에 함침하여 중성화함으로서 달성된다. 식물의 생장에 적합한 pH가 5∼8이고 최대는 9.5정도이므로 시멘트를 사용하여 식생콘크리트를 제조할 경우 시멘트에 함유되어 있는 산화칼슘(CaO)이 물과 반응하여 수산화칼슘｛Ca(OH)2｝를 생성하기 때문에 식생콘크리트를 통하여 식물의 뿌리에 공급되는 수분은 알카리성을 띄게 되어 pH가 10∼13이 되어 식물의 생장에 장애를 주게되므로 상기 중화제 중 어느 1종 또는 2종이상 혼합한 용액으로 함침 중성화 처리하여 pH 8∼9.5가 되도록 조절한다.The present invention is a conventional process for a composition of cement 140-150kg / ㎥, crushed stone 1,200 ~ 1500kg / ㎥, stone powder 0 ~ 50kg / ㎥, water 30 ~ 50kg / ㎥ (W / C 23-25%) It is cured and then cured as a neutralizing agent: 1st phosphate, ammonia phosphate, 2nd phosphate, free phosphate, 2nd phosphate, ammonium diphosphate, iron sulphate, tricalcium phosphate, bone meal, phosphate ore, kitchen phosphate, lacsin It is achieved by impregnating and neutralizing any one or a mixture of two or more kinds of phosphoric acid, nucleate phosphate, rice bran, fish cake, milk gourd and phosphate lime, soluble fertilizer and yonggurin. Since the pH suitable for plant growth is 5 to 8 and the maximum is about 9.5, when cement is used to make vegetation concrete, calcium oxide (CaO) contained in the cement reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide ｛Ca (OH) 2 ｝. Since the moisture supplied to the root of the plant through the vegetation concrete is alkaline, the pH is 10-13, which impedes the growth of the plant, so that the neutralization impregnated with a solution of any one or two or more of the neutralizing agents. Treatment to adjust the pH to 8-9.5.
중성화처리 방법은 상기조성물을 타설 1일후 탈형하여 18∼25℃에서 10∼15일 정도 수중양생을 한 후 1일동안 실내에서 기건 양생하여 표면건조상태를 만든다. 표면건조상태의 블럭체를 2∼30%중화제용액인 인산제1석회,인산암모니아,인산제2석회,유리인산, 인산제2마그네슘, 이인산암모늄, 황산철, 인산3석회,골분,인광석,키친태인산,래시친인산,누크레인태인산,미강박,어박,유박과린산석회,용성인비,용과린 중 어느 1종 또는 2종이상 혼합한 용액에 5∼25분정도 침지시킨 후 실내에서 0.5∼1.5일동안 기건양생하고 다시 10∼15일 동안 야외에서 폭로 양생한 다음 1일 동안 실내에서 기건양생시킨다.In the neutralization treatment method, the composition is demolded 1 day after pouring, and then cured under water for 10 to 15 days at 18-25 ° C., and then air-cured indoors for 1 day to make the surface dry. The surface-dried block is made of 2 to 30% neutralizing solution with the first lime phosphate, ammonia phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, free phosphate, second magnesium phosphate, ammonium diphosphate, iron sulfate, tricalcium phosphate, bone powder, phosphate ore, Kitchen phosphate, lactic acid phosphate, nucleate phosphate, rice bran, fish gourd, milk gourd and phosphate lime, soluble fertilizer, immersion in any one or two or more mixed solution of guaranine for 5 to 25 minutes, then indoors 0.5 ~ Dry for 1.5 days, then open for another 10-15 days, then dry for 1 day indoors.
중화제로 처리하기 전의 식생콘크리트의 물리적, 화학적 물성이 중요하다. 따라서 식생콘크리트가 적합한 공극율과 강도를 유지하기 위해서는 쇄석의크기, 시멘트와 골재 및 물의 배합비, 골재의입도 결합제의 사용량, 다짐의정도, 성형후 양생방법에 따라 좌우되는 것으로, 시멘트 140∼150㎏/㎥, 5∼20㎜쇄석 1,200∼1,500㎏/㎥, 0.3∼0.7㎜ 석분 0∼50㎏/㎥, 물 30∼50㎏/㎥(W/C 23~25%)로 혼합하여 식물의 뿌리가 착근 가능 하도록 공극율 25∼30%로 하고, 압축강도는 석분을 가미함으로서 골재의 응결을 용이하게 하여 콘크리트 강도를 증강시키면서 pH 농도도 저감시켜 40~90㎏f/㎠로 유지하도록 함으로써 식물의 생장에 따라 자연 파쇄되어 식물뿌리가 원지반에 고착이 용이하게 되도록 한다.The physical and chemical properties of the vegetation concrete before treatment with neutralizing agents are important. Therefore, in order to maintain the proper porosity and strength of vegetation concrete, it depends on the size of the crushed stone, the mixing ratio of cement and aggregate and water, the particle size of the binder, the degree of compaction, and the curing method after molding. Plant roots are rooted by mixing with ㎥, 5 to 20 mm crushed stone 1,200 to 1500 kg / m3, 0.3 to 0.7 mm stone powder 0 to 50 kg / m3, water to 30 to 50 kg / m3 (W / C 23 to 25%). The porosity should be 25 ~ 30%, and the compressive strength is added to the stone powder to facilitate the coagulation of aggregates, thereby increasing the concrete strength and reducing the pH concentration to maintain 40 ~ 90㎏f / ㎠. Natural crushing allows plant roots to adhere to the ground easily.
또한, 식생 콘크리트 강도증진과 분산성 및 유동성을 향상시키기 위하여 시멘트 사용량의 5%이하의 감수제를 첨가한다. 감수제는 탄소수 1∼30 인 탄화수소기를 갖는 알코올류에 알킬렌옥시기를 1∼300 몰 부가시킨 알콕시(폴리)알킬렌글리콜류, 말단에 탄소수 1∼30 인 탄화수소기를 갖는 알킬렌옥사이드의 평균 부가 몰수가 1∼300 몰의 알콕시(폴리)옥시알킬렌아민류, 2개 이상의 카르복실기를 갖는 화합물이 적어도 1개의 카르복실기를 남기고 아미드 결합한 것, 나프탈렌 설포네이트포름 알데히드축합물, 멜라민설포네이트 포름알데히드축합물, 리그닌 설포네이트, 알칼리 또는 알카리토류금속 폴리아크릴레이트 , 탄소수 1∼30인 탄화수소기를 갖는 알코올류로서는 메탄올, 에탄올, 프로판올, 이소프로판올, 부탄올, 펜탄올, 헥산올, 옥탄올, 라우릴알코올, 세틸알코올, 스테아릴알코올, 탄소수 12∼14 인 직쇄, 분지 알코올 등의 직쇄, 분지 포화알코올류 ; 3-메틸-3-부텐-1-올, 3-메틸-2-부텐-1-올, 2-메틸-3-부텐-2-올, 올레일알코올 등의 불포화알코올류, 2개이상의 카르복실기를 갖는 화합물로서는 말레산, 푸마르산, 프탈산, 이타콘산 등의 불포화 디카르복실산류 및 이들의 금속염, 암모늄염, 아민염 ; 숙신산, 말론산, 글루타르산, 아디프산 등의 포화 디카르복실산류, 말레산 또는 숙신산 및 이들의 금속염, 암모늄염, 아민염, 알킬렌옥사이드를 부가시킨 화합물, 알코올에 알킬렌옥사이드를 부가시킨 화합물 중에서 선택한 1종 또는 2종이상 혼합한 액을 사용한다. In addition, less than 5% of cement use is added to increase vegetation concrete strength and improve dispersibility and fluidity. The average number of moles of alkoxy (poly) alkylene glycols in which 1 to 300 moles of alkyleneoxy groups are added to alcohols having hydrocarbon groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and alkylene oxides having hydrocarbon groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms at the terminals 1 to 300 moles of alkoxy (poly) oxyalkylene amines, compounds in which two or more carboxyl groups are amide bonded leaving at least one carboxyl group, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, melaminesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, lignin sulfo Alcohols having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an alkali, alkali or alkaline earth metal polyacrylate, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, octanol, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl Linear, branched saturated alcohols such as alcohols, straight chains having 12 to 14 carbon atoms, and branched alcohols; Unsaturated alcohols such as 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol, oleyl alcohol, and two or more carboxyl groups As a compound which has, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, such as maleic acid, a fumaric acid, a phthalic acid, itaconic acid, these metal salts, ammonium salt, and amine salt; Saturated dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid, maleic acid or succinic acid, and compounds in which metal salts, ammonium salts, amine salts and alkylene oxides are added, and alkylene oxides are added to alcohols. One or a mixture of two or more selected from the compounds is used.
본 발명은 운반 및 설치하는데 요구되는 콘크리트의 강도를 충분히 유지하면서 또한 중화반응을 통해 콘크리트의 강알카리성을 식물이 유리하게 성장하고, 토양미생물의 생성과 번식이 활발히 활동할 수 있는 약알카리성으로 바꾸어 줌으로서 식물의 씨앗이 용이하게 착근 할 수 있고 토양미생물이 활발하게 생장할 수 있도록 하여 경사면에 부설되는 블록, 경사제방의 호안용블럭으로 사용될 수 있는 환경친화적인 효과가 있다. The present invention is to maintain the strength of the concrete required for transport and installation sufficiently, and also by changing the strong alkali of the concrete through the neutralization reaction to the weak alkali, which plants can grow favorably, active generation and reproduction of soil microorganisms Seeds of plants can be easily planted and soil microorganisms can be actively grown, which can be used as a block for laying on slopes and as a protection block for slope banks.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100723295B1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-05-30 | 삼성포리머 주식회사 | A block for artificial fishing banks |
| KR101094813B1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2011-12-16 | 안도영 | Seafood block's process of manufacture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100836598B1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-10 | (주)한동알앤씨 | A composition of concrete mortar which used waste concrete |
| KR101984206B1 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-05-31 | (주)아트스톤 | Eco-friendly artificial rock panel |
| CN114538845B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-09-19 | 三峡大学 | Ecological concrete containing nutrition substrate particles and preparation method thereof |
| CN114751693B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-09-23 | 盐城市福奇混凝土有限公司 | Low-alkali plant-growing concrete for protection and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100723295B1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-05-30 | 삼성포리머 주식회사 | A block for artificial fishing banks |
| KR101094813B1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2011-12-16 | 안도영 | Seafood block's process of manufacture |
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