KR100500552B1 - Process for Manufacturing Sintered Ceramics Parts with Complicated Shape - Google Patents
Process for Manufacturing Sintered Ceramics Parts with Complicated Shape Download PDFInfo
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- KR100500552B1 KR100500552B1 KR10-2002-0088172A KR20020088172A KR100500552B1 KR 100500552 B1 KR100500552 B1 KR 100500552B1 KR 20020088172 A KR20020088172 A KR 20020088172A KR 100500552 B1 KR100500552 B1 KR 100500552B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/002—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material assembled from preformed elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
본 발명은 세라믹스 소결품의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a ceramic sintered article.
본 발명에 따른 세라믹스 소결품의 제조방법은, 세라믹 테이프나 시트(2)를 절단한 후, 상온~ 100℃의 온도에서 적층하여 성형한 다음, 성형된 세라믹 성형체(1)를 가열하여 유기물을 제거하고, 계속하여 상기 성형체의 표면을 액상의 고무로 밀폐 코팅하여, 코팅된 성형체를 냉간등압성형한 후, 소결하는 것으로 구성된다. In the method for producing a ceramic sintered article according to the present invention, the ceramic tape or sheet (2) is cut, laminated and molded at a temperature of from room temperature to 100 ° C, and then the formed ceramic molded body 1 is heated to remove organic matter. And then the surface of the molded body is hermetically coated with liquid rubber, and the coated molded body is cold isostatically molded and then sintered.
이러한 제조방법에 따르면, 고가의 금형이나 다이아몬드 공구를 사용하지 않고도 빠른 시간 내에 저가로 복잡한 형상의 세라믹 소결품을 얻을 수 있으며, 이렇게 제조된 소결품은 소결 후에 치밀하기 때문에 복잡한 기계구조용 부품 등에 매우 적합하다.According to this manufacturing method, it is possible to obtain a ceramic sintered product having a complicated shape at a low cost in a short time without using expensive molds or diamond tools, and thus the sintered product is very suitable for complex mechanical structural parts because of its compactness after sintering. .
Description
본 발명은 세라믹스 소결품의 제조에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 세라믹 테이프나 시트를 이용하여 복잡한 형상의 성형체를 만든 후 냉간등압 성형함으로써, 가격이 저렴할 뿐만 아니라 복잡한 형상 제조가 가능한 세라믹스 소결품의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to the manufacture of ceramic sintered products, and more particularly, by forming a molded body of a complex shape using a ceramic tape or sheet, and then cold isostatically formed, thereby producing a ceramic sintered product that is not only inexpensive but also in a complicated shape. It is about.
통상 세라믹스는 높은 경도와 우수한 내열성, 내식성 등의 특성 때문에 다양한 산업의 부품 소재로서 활용이 기대되어 왔다. 그러나, 세라믹스 부품은 고가이고 충분한 신뢰성을 나타내지 못하기 때문에 실제 활용되는 곳은 대단히 제한적이다. 세라믹스 부품이 고가인 이유는, 고도의 정제 과정을 거친 고가의 원료를 사용하는 것과, 요구되는 부품의 정밀도를 위하여 고가의 다이아몬드 공구를 사용하여 가공하는 것이 필수적이기 때문이다. 특히, 부품의 크기가 작아지고 형상이 복잡해지면, 부품의 단가에 가공비가 차지하는 비율은 매우 높아지게 되고, 경우에 따라서는 가공이 불가능하기 때문에 부품을 세라믹스로 제조할 수 없는 경우도 있다. 이 때문에 가공비를 최소화하려면, 소결 후의 부품의 형상이 실제 요구되는 형상 및 치수와 가깝도록 하여야 한다. In general, ceramics have been expected to be used as component materials in various industries because of their high hardness, excellent heat resistance, and corrosion resistance. However, since ceramic parts are expensive and do not exhibit sufficient reliability, their practical applications are very limited. The reason why ceramic parts are expensive is that it is necessary to use expensive raw materials which have been highly refined and to use expensive diamond tools for the precision of the required parts. In particular, when the size of a part becomes small and the shape becomes complicated, the ratio of the processing cost to the unit cost of the part becomes very high, and in some cases, the part cannot be manufactured from ceramics because machining is impossible. For this reason, in order to minimize the processing cost, the shape of the part after sintering should be close to the shape and dimensions actually required.
이러한 요구에 따라, near-net shape의 부품을 제조하는 공정이 다양하게 개발된 바 있다. Near-net shape를 제조하는 대부분의 공정은 요구되는 복잡한 형상의 틀(금형)을 사용하나, 이러한 금형은 고가이기 때문에 대량생산이 전제되지 않으면 제품의 단가가 높아질 수 밖에 없다.In response to these demands, various processes for manufacturing near-net shaped parts have been developed. Most of the processes for manufacturing near-net shapes use a complex mold (mould), which is required. However, these molds are expensive, and unless the mass production is premised, the cost of the product is high.
본 발명은 위와 같은 복잡한 형상의 세라믹스 부품을 제조함에 있어서, 고가의 금형을 사용하지 않고, 세라믹스 테이프 또는 시트의 적층공정을 이용하여 성형하고 유기물 제거공정을 거친 후에 냉간등압 성형공정을 적용함으로써, 소결 후에 치밀한 소결체를 얻고자 함에 그 목적이 있다.In the present invention, in the manufacture of the ceramic parts of the complex shape as described above, by applying a cold isostatic molding process after molding by using a lamination process of the ceramic tape or sheet, without the use of expensive molds, and after removing the organic matter, The purpose is to obtain a compact sintered body after sintering.
상기 목적 달성을 위한 본 발명은, 세라믹스 소결품의 제조방법에 있어서, 세라믹 테이프나 시트(이하, 간단히 `시트'라고도 한다)를 절단한 후, 상온~ 100℃의 온도에서 적층하여 성형한 다음, 성형된 세라믹 성형체를 가열하여 유기물을 제거하고, 계속하여 상기 성형체의 표면을 액상의 고무로 밀폐 코팅하고, 코팅된 성형체를 냉간등압성형한 후, 소결하는 세라믹스 소결품의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.In the present invention for achieving the above object, in the method for producing a ceramic sintered article, after cutting the ceramic tape or sheet (hereinafter, also referred to as 'sheet'), and then laminated and molded at a temperature of room temperature ~ 100 ℃, then molding The present invention relates to a method for producing a ceramic sintered article which is heated by heating the ceramic molded body to remove organic substances, subsequently sealingly coating the surface of the molded body with liquid rubber, and performing cold isostatic pressing on the coated molded body.
이하, 본 발명에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.
우선, 본 발명에 부합되는 세라믹 부품은 특별히 한정되지 않으며, 예컨대 Si3N4계 또는 Al2O3계, ZrO2계 세라믹과 같은 구조용 세라믹스나, BaTiO3계 또는 PZT계 세라믹 등의 기능성 세라믹스 등 다양한 세라믹 소재에 본 발명을 적용할 수 있다.First, the ceramic component according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, structural ceramics such as Si 3 N 4 or Al 2 O 3 based, ZrO 2 based ceramics, functional ceramics such as BaTiO 3 based or PZT based ceramics, and the like. The present invention can be applied to various ceramic materials.
본 발명에 따른 제조방법에서는, 먼저 상기한 세라믹 분말을 용매 및 분산제, 결합제, 가소제 등을 첨가하여 세라믹 슬러리를 만들고, 이 슬러리를 이용하여 세라믹 시트를 준비한다. 각종 세라믹 원료나 첨가제의 혼합비나 조성들은 사용될 부품에 따라 다를 수 있다. 본 발명에서는 상기 세라믹 시트를 절단하여 적층할 때 각 시트 사이에 어느 정도 점결력을 유지하며 좋은데, 이를 위해서는 세라믹 원료에 결합제의 양을 조절하여 제어할 필요가 있다.In the production method according to the present invention, a ceramic slurry is first prepared by adding a solvent, a dispersant, a binder, a plasticizer, and the like to the ceramic powder, and a ceramic sheet is prepared using the slurry. Mixing ratios or compositions of various ceramic raw materials or additives may vary depending on the parts to be used. In the present invention, when cutting and laminating the ceramic sheet to maintain a certain cohesion between the sheets to some extent, for this purpose, it is necessary to control by controlling the amount of the binder in the ceramic raw material.
상기 세라믹은 필요한 형상으로 절단하고 절단된 시트를 적층하여 세라믹 성형체를 얻는다. 본 발명은 일반적으로 육면체 형상이나 원기둥 형상과 같이 단순한 형상을 갖는 세라믹 부품보다도 금형이 필요한 복잡한 형상, 예컨대 육면체 또는 원기둥에 여러 관통 구멍이 있는 형상과 같이 복잡한 형상(도1 참조)을 갖는 세라믹 부품 등에 적합하다. 이러한 복잡한 형상의 부품 제작을 위해, 본 발명에서는 상기 세라믹 시트를 컴퓨터 상의 3차원 모델을 이용하여 단면도에 따라서 절단하고, 절단된 시트를 상온~ 100℃의 온도에서 순서대로 적층, 성형하여 세라믹 성형체를 얻는 것이 바람직하다. 도2는 도1의 성형체(1)를 제조하기 위하여 세라믹 시트(2)를 적층하는 공정을 보이고 있다. The ceramic is cut into the required shape and the cut sheets are laminated to obtain a ceramic molded body. The present invention generally relates to a complex shape that requires a mold rather than a ceramic part having a simple shape such as a hexahedron shape or a cylinder shape, for example, a ceramic part having a complicated shape (see FIG. 1) such as a shape having several through holes in a cube or a cylinder. Suitable. In order to fabricate such a complicated shape, in the present invention, the ceramic sheet is cut according to the cross section using a three-dimensional model on a computer, and the cut sheets are laminated and molded in order at a temperature of room temperature to 100 ° C to form a ceramic molded body. It is desirable to obtain. FIG. 2 shows a process of laminating the ceramic sheet 2 to manufacture the molded body 1 of FIG.
그 후, 상기한 적층공정을 통해 성형된 세라믹 성형체는 가열하여 세라믹 내의 유기물을 제거한다.Thereafter, the ceramic formed body formed through the lamination process is heated to remove organic substances in the ceramic.
그 다음, 상기 성형체는 그 표면을 액상의 고무로 밀폐 코팅함으로써, 후속되는 냉간등압 성형공정(cold isostatic pressing process)에서 물 또는 가스와 같은 압력매체가 성형체 내로 침투하는 것을 방지한다. 본 발명에서 상기 액상의 고무는 라텍스(latex)를 이용하는 것이 바람직하다.The molded body then seals the surface with liquid rubber to prevent penetration of a pressure medium such as water or gas into the molded body in a subsequent cold isostatic pressing process. In the present invention, the liquid rubber is preferably used latex (latex).
상기 코팅된 성형체는 냉간등압성형한 후 소결한다. 본 발명에서 냉간등압 성형은 세라믹 부품의 종류에 따라 다르며, 대체로 실온에서 500~ 6,000기압 정도가 바람직하다.The coated molded body is cold isoformed and then sintered. In the present invention, the cold isostatic molding is different depending on the type of ceramic component, and generally, about 500 to 6,000 atmospheres are preferred at room temperature.
또한, 상기 소결공정에서 소결온도 역시 세라믹 재료에 따라 다르므로, 한정할 필요는 없으나 대체로 1,000~ 2,000℃의 범위에서 행하면 된다. In addition, since the sintering temperature in the sintering step also depends on the ceramic material, there is no need to limit, but may be generally performed in the range of 1,000 ~ 2,000 ℃.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
질화규소 분체 92g, 산화이트륨 분체 6g, 산화알루미늄 분체 2g에 분산제인 Hypermer KDI(ICI Chemical Co., London, UK) 3g, 용매인 메틸에틸케톤 167㎖, 직경 5mm의 질화규소 볼을 MC 나일론 자(jar)에 넣고, planetary 볼밀을 이용하여 4시간 동안 혼합한 후, 결합제인 폴리비닐부티랄을 27g, 가소제인 디부틸프탈레이트를 27g 첨가한 다음, 4시간 더 혼합하여 테이프 캐스팅용 슬러리를 만들었다. 92 g of silicon nitride powder, 6 g of yttrium powder, 2 g of aluminum oxide powder, 3 g of Hypermer KDI (ICI Chemical Co., London, UK) as a dispersant, 167 ml of methyl ethyl ketone as a solvent, and a silicon nitride ball having a diameter of 5 mm are used as MC nylon jars. After mixing for 4 hours using a planetary ball mill, 27 g of polyvinyl butyral as a binder and 27 g of dibutyl phthalate as a plasticizer were added, followed by further mixing for 4 hours to form a slurry for tape casting.
만들어진 슬러리는 진공에서 탈포하여 기포를 제거하고, 테이프 캐스터를 이용하여 실리콘이 코팅된 마일라 필름 위에 두께 0.25mm의 세라믹 테이프를 제작하였다. 제작된 세라믹 테이프는 컴퓨터 상의 3차원 모델을 이용하여 제작된 단면도들에 따라서 순서대로 절단 및 적층하여 도1과 같은 성형체를 제작하였다. The resulting slurry was degassed in vacuo to remove bubbles, and a ceramic tape having a thickness of 0.25 mm was produced on a silicon-coated mylar film using a tape caster. The manufactured ceramic tape was cut and laminated in order according to the cross-sectional views produced using a three-dimensional model on a computer to produce a molded body as shown in FIG. 1.
이렇게 얻어진 적층체를 시간당 2.5℃의 승온속도로 420℃에서 약 10시간 유지하여 유기물을 제거한 후에도 건전한 성형체를 얻었다. 도3은 상기 성형체에 대한 사진을 보이고 있다. 이 성형체의 표면에 라텍스(latex)를 이용하여 도4와 같이 밀폐막을 형성한 후, 냉간등압 성형공정을 수행하였다. 냉간등압 성형공정 후에 성형체를 1875℃- 20기압의 질소가압 소결로에서 4시간 동안 소결하여 도5와 같은 소결체를 얻었다. 이렇게 제조된 도5의 소결체는, 98.3%의 치밀도를 갖고 있었다. The laminate thus obtained was maintained at 420 ° C. for about 10 hours at an elevated temperature rate of 2.5 ° C. per hour to obtain a healthy molded body even after the organic matter was removed. 3 shows a photograph of the molded body. After forming a sealing film on the surface of the molded body using a latex (latex) as shown in Figure 4, the cold isostatic molding process was performed. After the cold isostatic molding process, the molded body was sintered in a nitrogen pressure sintering furnace at 1875 ° C.-20 atm for 4 hours to obtain a sintered body as shown in FIG. 5. Thus manufactured sintered compact of FIG. 5 had a density of 98.3%.
[비교예][Comparative Example]
실시예에서와 같이 준비된 세라믹 테이프를 대기 중에서 적층하고, 유기물 제거공정을 거친 후, 냉간등압 성형공정을 거치지 않고 1875℃- 20기압의 질소가압 소결로에서 4시간 동안 소결하여 도6와 같은 소결체를 얻었다. 이렇게 제조된 도6의 소결체는, 층 분리가 발생하였다. The ceramic tape prepared as in Example was laminated in the air, subjected to organic matter removal, and then sintered for 4 hours in a nitrogen pressure sintering furnace at 1875 ° C.-20 atm without undergoing cold isostatic molding. Got. In this way, the sintered compact of FIG. 6 produced layer separation.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 세라믹스 소결품 제조방법에 따르면, 고가의 금형이나 다이아몬드 공구를 사용하지 않고도 빠른 시간 내에 저가로 복잡한 형상의 세라믹 소결품을 얻을 수 있으며, 이렇게 제조된 소결품은 소결 후에 치밀하기 때문에 복잡한 기계구조용 부품 등에 매우 적합하다. As described above, according to the method of manufacturing the ceramic sintered article of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a ceramic sintered article of a complicated shape at a low cost in a short time without using expensive molds or diamond tools, the sintered product thus manufactured is dense after sintering Because of this, it is very suitable for complicated mechanical structural parts.
도1은 본 실시예에서 적용되는 세라믹 성형체의 사시도이다.1 is a perspective view of a ceramic formed body applied in this embodiment.
도2는 세라믹 시트를 적층하여 제조되는 도1의 성형체에 대한 분해사시도이다.FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the molded body of FIG. 1 manufactured by laminating ceramic sheets. FIG.
도3은 본 발명에 따라 제조된 세라믹 성형체의 사진이다.3 is a photograph of a ceramic formed body produced in accordance with the present invention.
도4는 도3의 성형체 표면을 코팅한 사진이다.4 is a photograph of the surface of the molded body of FIG. 3.
도5는 도3의 성형체를 소결하여 얻어진 세라믹 소결품의 사진이다.FIG. 5 is a photograph of a ceramic sintered product obtained by sintering the molded body of FIG. 3. FIG.
도6는 비교방법에 따라 제조된 세라믹 소결품의 사진이다.6 is a photograph of a ceramic sintered article manufactured according to a comparative method.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on main parts of drawing
1 ..... 세라믹 성형체 2 ...... 세라믹 시트1 ..... Ceramic molded body 2 ...... Ceramic sheet
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| KR101133401B1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2012-04-09 | 양호석 | Mold for producing artificial marble |
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