KR100429502B1 - Forging apparatus for rheoforming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A forging apparatus for semisolid forming is provided to obtain superior performance by improving a forging apparatus for performing first direct preforming and second high pressure forming by lowering upper die and performing third direct pressing by operating lower cylinder. CONSTITUTION: The forging apparatus for semisolid forming is characterized in that a plurality of retreat preventing round rods(150) are mounted between the upper surface of upper mold die(100) and extraction punch(130) and upper plate onto which an upper part of the upper mold die and the extraction punch is fixed and mounted, a through hole is formed inside the upper mold die and lower mold die(200), a cooling air pipe(160) connected to an air supply means is installed inside the through hole, eight points between side holder(400) and lower plate(140) are clamped by two rows of fixing bolts(190) in such a manner that the fixing bolts of each row are bolted in a zigzag shape, a vent line groove for venting air is formed in circumferential and vertical length directions on the inner surface of the upper mold die and side die(300), and a connection member(220) is integrally formed in such a way that fork part(120) of a lower part of the side die, the lower mold die and lower knock out cylinder(230) mounted on a central part of the bottom of the lower mold die are fixed and mounted onto the connection member so that the upper surface of the integral type connection member is contacted with the bottom of the lower mold die as a whole.

Description

Forging apparatus for rheoforming method

The present invention relates to a forging apparatus for reaction solidification, and more particularly, consisting of an upper mold and a lower mold, a side mold, and a side holder, and the upper mold is downwardly formed by direct primary molding and secondary molding at high pressure. The present invention relates to a forging apparatus for reaction solidification, in which the forging apparatus of the third direct pressurization method is improved by better performance.

Gravity casting and low pressure casting have low solidification rate and low density due to shrinkage and gas defects.The mechanical properties of each part are low and the difference is large.In addition, die casting has a very high injection speed during casting. It is used for the casting of case type that requires low mechanical properties due to gas mixing, and the squeeze method is also limited by the shape and thickness of the product due to the low mold temperature and fast injection speed. Most of the molten metal forging method is indirectly pressurized and has high mold production and machine manufacturing costs, which causes difficulties in price competitiveness and development and mass production.

As described above, the conventional gravity casting and the low pressure casting are basically limited in shape, size, and product thickness, such as JP-A-1992-436 and JP-A-20-230274. Due to the high temperature and melt temperature and long solidification time, there is a problem in that product weight reduction due to weight reduction is not realized due to a decrease in density and a decrease in mechanical properties due to defects in products such as shrinkage and pinholes.

In particular, in the case of a relatively large and complicated shape of an automobile part such as an aluminum wheel for an automobile, the reality of failing to meet the trend of light weight of the car is not being overcome. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the limitations of the existing construction methods are obvious, and the development of new construction methods is required.

In view of this point, the invention has been invented and applied forging device (Application No .: 10-2002-19113), briefly explaining the configuration of the forging device is filed as follows.

The configuration of the previously forged device can be divided into the upper mold portion and the lower mold portion, wherein the upper mold portion is coupled to the upper plate coupled fixed; An upper space coupled and fixed to the connection member; An upper mold fixedly coupled to the upper space; And product demolding means.

In addition, the product demolding means may include an eject plate mounted to the upper knock-out cylinder; An eject pin installed on the eject plate; The product release means which is fastened to the lower part of the upper knock-out cylinder is composed of an eject ring having a reel shape.

The lower mold portion is a first assembly member coupled to the upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder; A lower mold fixedly coupled to the first assembly member; A second assembly member coupled to the lower mold; The side assembly is rotatably fastened to one side to the second assembly member.

In addition, the other side of the side mold is fastened to the rotatable first link member, the first link member is linked with the second link member and the second link member is linked with the side holder is fixed to the lower plate.

The lower mold part of the present invention configured as described above is fixed to the upper part of the lower knock-out cylinder and is not fixed to the lower plate so that the lower mold part can be lifted and lowered separately from the lower plate, and when the lower mold part is raised, the side mold is automatically opened and lowered. Is configured to close automatically.

On the other hand, the lower knock-out cylinder is mounted to the center of the lower support and the lower plate is fixed to the outer periphery, the fixing member is fixed to the lower plate by a conventional fixing means such as bolts or wedges, The side holder is coupled and fixed, and the lower mold portion is fastened to the upper portion of the lower knock-out cylinder, a brief look at the operation of the forging device of such a configuration as follows.

When the injection of the molten metal into the lower mold is completed, the upper mold portion fastened to the upper plate is controlled by a control system of a control part in which position control, speed control, and pressure control are systematically set so that the upper mold portion including an eject ring is formed. The product is first preformed by first stepping down the molten metal directly filled in the lower mold by descending, and secondly, pressurizing to high pressure (35㎏ / mm2) to maximize the forging effect of the molten metal.

Subsequently, it is further pressurized by the lower knock-out cylinder to prevent localized volume change due to solidification. Thereafter, the main pressure is released according to the setting value of the setting timer of the controller, and the upper mold portion and the lower mold portion are simultaneously raised by the knock-out cylinder of the lower mold portion and the auxiliary cylinder of the upper mold portion.

As the lower mold part is raised, side molds linked to each other are pulled open by a link member rotatably linked with the side holder fixed to the lower plate, and the upper mold part is raised to release the product from the lower mold.

Subsequently, the eject ring and the eject pin operate simultaneously with the operation of the upper knock-out cylinder and the eject plate to release the product attached to the upper mold.

In the previously filed forging device, various problems occur as follows, which shortens the life of the mold and causes difficulty in continuous work, thereby lowering productivity.

First, when the upper die is pushed downward to press the molten metal, the ejection punch located in the center of the upper die is ejected, ie, the eject ring, and the molten metal leaks, resulting in a defect in the product.

The reason for this is that the bolts are fastened to six to eight places of the connection member positioned above to prevent retreat and separation of the blowout punches. In operation, the bolts are loosened or the thread part is broken so that the blowout punches retreat.

Second, when the forging operation for a long time, the temperature of the mold continues to rise, so that the solidification of the product is not made properly, and eventually there was a problem such as poor molding, double molding, shrinkage.

Third, the fork part (side part rotates with respect to the lower mold) that is connected between the side mold and the lower mold is weak, there is a problem that the fork portion is extended or damaged when used for a long time, the melt is leaked and continuous operation is impossible .

Fourth, in the case of the previously applied molds provided with the thickness of the upper mold and the lower mold in the range of 20mm to 40mm, there was a problem that the mold is deformed or fatigue fracture occurs when used for a long time, thereby discarding the mold. Disposal of such molds occurs because they cannot tolerate high pressing forces.

Fifth, the lower side of the side holder is fixed to the lower plate with a bolt, but after a long time the bolt is released phenomenon, the melt leaks into the gap, there was a problem that can not be continuous work.

Sixth, the connecting member (second assembly member) to which the fork part for connecting the lower mold and the side mold is mounted, and the connecting member (first assembly member) for connecting the lower knock-out cylinder and the lower mold are separately manufactured / assembled. The stress was concentrated in the lower mold during the pressing operation of the mold and there was a problem that fatigue failure of the lower mold occurred.

Seventh, the side mold and the side holder have an inclination of about 15 degrees with respect to the vertical direction, but as the size of the product to be forged increases, the side mold increases so that the upper lever of the side mold at the time of open / close of the mold Excessive force is applied to the link members to cause deformation.

Eighth, the air inside each mold during pressurization falls into the gap between the ejection punch and ejection surface of the upper die, but air bubbles are embedded in the rim of the product (for example, aluminum wheels). There was a problem that caused a defect.

Ninth, the side holder is made of a one-piece circular, it takes a lot of cost and time when manufacturing, and even if the shape is different, there is a problem that can not be used in common in the product of the same rim diameter.

Tenth, since the holding path in which the molten metal is stored is fixedly installed, in order to manufacture products of two or more different materials, it is inconvenient for the work to manually scoop out all the molten metal in storage. Difficult to manage elements, there was a problem that can not use the different materials.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and consists of an upper mold and a lower mold, a side mold and a side holder, etc., the upper mold is downward to direct secondary preforming and secondary molding at high pressure and 3) Directly pressurizes the forging device by 3rd order by 1) installing a round bar to block the retraction of the blowout punch, 2) installing an air pipe for cooling the product in the upper and lower molds, and 3) a fork part (side The rigidity of the rotating part is connected to the lower mold, and 4) increases the thickness of upper and lower molds, and 5) staggered bolts in 8 rows and 2 rows to strengthen the clamping force between the side holder and the lower plate. 6) It adopts integrated connecting member to fasten lower mold, lower knock-out cylinder and fork part of side mold at the same time, and 7) Side mold. The inclination of the side holders can be changed, 8) the venting grooves for bleeding air are formed on the inner surface of the upper mold and the side mold to prevent air bubbles in the product, and 9) the side for common use in the production of the same rim diameter. 10) A replaceable assembly is installed between the holder and the lower plate, and 10) the holding path in which the molten metal is stored can be slid in two parallel sides, and the ultrasonic generator is attached to the upper part of the holding path to shape the molten metal. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forging device that can provide better forging performance through improvements.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which molten metal is melted as a forging apparatus for forming a reaction furnace according to the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state for pressurizing the molten metal as a forging apparatus for forming a reaction furnace according to the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a demoulding state of a lower mold and a side mold as a forging apparatus for reaction solidification according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the forging apparatus for reaction solidification according to the present invention, the upper mold die,

5 is a cross-sectional view showing that the product is demolded as a forging apparatus for forming a reaction vessel according to the present invention;

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a vent line groove for bleeding air as a forging apparatus for forming a reaction vessel according to the present invention;

7 is a schematic view showing a state in which a holding furnace (melt storage furnace) included in the forging apparatus for forming a reaction furnace according to the present invention is connected in parallel.

[Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawing]

100: upper mold 110: upper plate

120: fork portion 130: take out punch

140: lower plate 150: round bar

160: cooling air pipe 170: rim

180: iron plate 190: fixing bolt

200: lower mold 210: vent line groove

220: connecting member 230: lower knock-out cylinder

240: assembly member 250: graphite rotor

260: ultrasonic generator 270: electric heater

300: side mold 400: side holder

500: holding furnace

The present invention for achieving the above object is an upper mold and a blow punch mounted on the upper plate, a lower mold disposed directly below the upper mold, a side mold rotatably connected to the lower mold, and the outer peripheral surface of the side mold It consists of a side holder which is fastened to the hub plate while supporting the bottom, and a holding furnace filled with molten metal, and the upper mold is downwardly formed by the first preliminary molding and the second by high pressure. In the forging device of the method of directly pressing the car,

Mounting a plurality of retraction prevention round bars between an upper surface of the upper die and the blowout punch and the upper plate fixedly mounted at an upper end thereof; A through hole is formed in the upper mold and the lower mold, and a cooling air pipe connected to the air providing means is installed in the through hole; Fastening bolts in eight rows and two rows between the side holder and the lower plate, and bolting the fixing bolts of each row to be zigzag; Forming vent line grooves for bleeding air in the inner surfaces of the upper mold and the side mold along the circumferential direction and the vertical length direction; A lower end fork of the side mold, the lower die and a lower knock-out cylinder mounted to the center of the bottom of the lower die are integrally attached to each other so that the upper die of the lower die and the lower die of the lower die are integrally provided. Provided is a forging apparatus for reaction solidification, characterized in that the bottom surface is brought into full contact.

In a preferred embodiment, the iron plate for preventing excessive cooling of the rim portion is further attached to a position between the rim portion of the upper mold and the cooling air pipe.

In addition, the diameter of the head portion of the fixing bolt of the fork portion connecting the side mold and the lower mold is selectively adopted in 16 ~ 20mm, characterized in that the thickness of the upper and lower portions of the fork portion is twice as thick as the left and right sides.

In addition, the upper mold and the lower mold is characterized in that the thickness of 60mm or more.

In a preferred embodiment, the vent line groove for bleeding the inner surface of the upper mold and the side mold is formed in a circular cross section having a depth of 0.5mm from the upper end of the rim to the center of the rim.

In addition, between the lower end of the side holder and the upper surface of the lower plate is characterized in that the assembly member is detachably connected to enable the production of the same rim diameter.

In addition, the inclination of the side mold and the side holder is characterized in that it can be freely changed from 10 degrees to 20 degrees in the vertical direction with the lower plate formed in the lower portion according to the size of the product.

In particular, two holding furnaces (molten metal storage passages) disposed adjacent to the forging apparatus of the present invention are connected in parallel so as to be slidably transported from side to side, and each holding passage is further equipped with a graphite rotor for stirring the molten metal. The upper end of the furnace is characterized in that the ultrasonic generator for the spheroidization of the molten metal is further mounted.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 5 show a forging apparatus for forming a reaction furnace according to the present invention, Figure 1 is a process of pouring molten metal, Figure 2 is a process of pressing the molten metal, Figure 3 of the lower mold and side mold 4 shows a process of raising the upper die, and FIG. 5 shows a process of demolding the product.

The mold of the forging apparatus for reaction solidification according to the present invention is composed of an upper mold 100, a lower mold 200, and a side mold 300, and in particular, the side mold 300 may be divided into four pieces. It is.

In addition, a side holder 400 is disposed on an outer surface of the side mold 300 to support the side mold 300. In addition, the upper mold 100 is mounted to the upper plate 110 by bolting, and the lower mold 200 and the side mold 300 are connected to each other by the fork part 120.

In the center of the upper die 100, a take-out punch 130 for removing the product is mounted, and the side holder 400 supports the outer circumferential surface of the side die 300, and the lower end thereof has a bottom plate 140. Is fastened to.

Based on the mold configuration, as described below, the forging operation is performed in such a manner that the upper mold 100 is downwardly directly formed by primary preforming and high pressure secondly, and pressurized directly by the third cylinder by the operation of the lower cylinder. .

Here, a plurality of anti-retraction rods 150 are mounted between the upper surface of the upper mold 100 and the blowout punch 130 and the upper plate 110 on which the upper ends thereof are fixedly mounted, preferably four round rods. The 150 is mounted at equal intervals.

By mounting the round bar 150, when the upper mold 100 is downward to press the molten metal, it is possible to completely prevent the take-out punch 130 located in the center of the upper mold 100 to retreat, accordingly It is possible to prevent product defects caused by existing melt leakage.

In addition, a through-hole is formed in the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200, and the cooling air pipe 160 connected to the air providing means (not shown) is installed in the through-hole. In addition, even if the temperature of the mold rises according to the continuous operation, the cooling air provided through the cooling air pipe 160 may induce normal solidification of the product together with cooling of the mold.

In particular, considering that the rim 170 of the upper mold 100 may be excessively cooled, the rim 170 at a position between the rim 170 of the upper mold 100 and the cooling air pipe 160. Iron plate 180 to prevent excessive cooling of the) is further attached.

The iron plate 180 may prevent direct contact between the air flowing through the cooling air pipe 160 and the rim 170 of the upper mold 100, thereby preventing product defects due to excessive cooling.

On the other hand, in the existing forging device, the lower side of the side holder is fixed to the lower plate by bolts, but after a long time, the bolts are loosened, and the gap leaks the molten metal, which makes the continuous operation impossible. .

In order to solve this problem, the side holder 400 and the lower plate 140 are fastened to two fixing bolts 190 of two places, and the fixing bolts 190 of each row are bolted to be zigzag.

Thus fastening two rows of fixing bolts 190 to eight places, by tightening each row in a zigzag arrangement, greatly increasing the rigidity of the fork portion 120 connecting the side mold 300 and the lower mold 200, the existing In this case, it is possible to prevent the formation of products and the leakage of water by improving the problem that continuous work was difficult due to leakage of bolts due to loosening of bolts when used for a long time.

As shown in FIG. 6, ventane grooves 210 for bleeding air from the molten metal are formed in the inner surfaces of the upper mold 100 and the side mold 300 along the circumferential direction and the vertical length direction. Vent line groove 200 is formed in a circular cross section having a depth of about 0.5mm from the upper end of the rim portion 170 to the central position of the rim portion 170.

Accordingly, bubbles (air) in the molten metal flow into the vent line groove 210, and thus bubbles / pores of the product may be lost to prevent defects.

Here, it is provided with an integrated connection member 220, the lower fork 120 of the side mold 300, the bottom surface of the lower mold 200, the bottom surface of the lower mold 200 to the connection member 220 Since the lower knock-out cylinder 230 disposed at the center portion is fixedly mounted together, stress is concentrated on the lower mold 200 during the pressing operation of the mold, thereby preventing the fatigue breakdown of the lower mold 200 from occurring. .

More specifically, the upper surface of the one-piece connecting member 200 and the bottom surface of the lower mold 200 are in total contact with each other, and even distribution of stress (forging pressing force) acting on the lower mold 200 during the pressing operation of the mold. This makes it possible to prevent the fatigue failure of the lower mold 200, it is possible to extend the life of the lower mold.

On the other hand, the diameter of the head portion of the fixing bolt of the fork part 120 connecting the side mold 300 and the lower mold 200 is selectively adopted at 16-20 mm (actually the fork part 120 is connected). It is fastened to the member 200 and connected to the lower mold 200), and the thickness of the upper and lower portions of the fork portion 120 is formed twice as thick as the left and right sides, thereby increasing its rigidity. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fork portion from being stretched or damaged when used for a long time, thereby preventing the molten metal from leaking.

In addition, in order to increase rigidity, the thickness t of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200 may be applied to 60 mm or more to prevent the mold from being discarded due to deformation or fatigue breakage during long time use. .

At this time, the assembly member 240 is detachably connected between the lower end of the side holder 400 and the upper surface of the lower plate 140 to enable the production of the same rim diameter, the product having a different shape or different rim width In the case of manufacturing, only the assembly member 240 is removed and replaced, so that the side holder 400 can be shared, thereby reducing the mold production period and reducing the manufacturing cost.

In addition, the inclination (a) of the side mold 300 and the side holder 400 is configured to be freely changed from 10 degrees to 20 degrees in the vertical direction with the lower plate 140 formed on the bottom according to the size of the product. .

This configuration improves the problem that deformation occurs due to excessive strain on the side upper lever when opening and closing the mold as the size of the product increases, thereby reducing mold manufacturing cost without causing deformation of the upper lever. It has an effect.

On the other hand, when pouring the molten metal in such a mold, by coating the anti-oxidation ceramic over the molten contact area of the mold, it is possible to extend the life of the mold while preventing the phenomenon that oxidation occurs in the metal mold.

Here, the holding path (mold storage path) adjacent to the above-mentioned forging apparatus is demonstrated.

7 is a schematic view showing a state in which a holding passage (melt storage passage) included in the forging apparatus according to the present invention is connected in parallel.

In the past, holding furnaces in which molten metals are stored are fixedly installed. In order to manufacture products of two or more different materials, it is inconvenient to work by manually discharging all the molten metals stored, and elements between different dissimilar materials Difficult to manage, there was a disadvantage that the use of different materials.

Thus, the holding passage 500 of the present invention is connected to the two holding passages 500 in parallel, by using a hydraulic cylinder or the like to slide transfer to the left and right, selectively used between different materials as needed It becomes possible.

In particular, by further mounting a graphite rotor 250 for stirring the molten metal on the top and / or side of each holding furnace 500, by stirring the molten metal while maintaining the molten metal temperature uniformly by the electric heater 270, The shear force can be generated in the material and the tissue can be spheroidized.

In addition, by mounting the ultrasonic generator 260 for spheroidization of the molten metal in the upper end of each of the holding passages 500, the spheroidization of the molten metal can be further realized.

The forging device in which the solid and liquid of the present invention coexist as described above can be usefully used not only for producing aluminum wheels for automobiles such as passenger cars but also for producing aluminum wheels such as large dump trucks or concrete mixer trucks used in construction sites. It is an invention of great value.

As seen above, according to the forging apparatus for reaction solidification according to the present invention has the following excellent advantages over the existing forging apparatus has the effect that can greatly contribute to productivity increase, such as production cost reduction.

1) The installation of the round bar prevents retraction of the blowout punch and prevents leakage of molten metal.

2) As air pipes for product cooling are installed in upper and lower molds, mold temperature can be kept constant even if used for a long time.

3) The rigidity of upper and lower molds and fork parts can be increased.

4) By fastening the fixing bolts between the side holder and the lower plate in two rows of eight places, it is possible to prevent the phenomenon of leakage by loosening the existing fastening state.

5) By adopting the integrated connection member which the fork part of the lower mold, lower knock-out cylinder and side mold are fastened at the same time, it is possible to disperse the stress concentrated in the lower mold.

6) Venting vent line grooves can be formed in the upper and side molds to prevent air bubbles in the product and improve the quality of the product.

7) Side holders can be used in common to produce products of the same rim diameter.

8) The inclination of the side mold and the side holder can be freely changed from 10 degrees to 20 degrees in the vertical direction according to the size of the product, thereby reducing the mold manufacturing cost without deformation of the upper lever.

9) It is easy to manage dissimilar materials by making two holding slides in parallel.

10) Graphite rotor and ultrasonic wave generator can be attached to the holding furnace to realize spheroidization of molten material.

Claims (9)

The upper mold 100 and the ejection punch 130 mounted on the upper plate 110, the lower mold 200 disposed directly below the upper mold 100, and the side rotatably connected to the lower mold 200. It consists of a mold 300, a side holder 400 which is fastened to the lower plate 140 while supporting the outer circumferential surface of the side mold 300, a holding furnace 500 and the like filled with molten metal, In the forging apparatus of the type in which the mold 100 is downwardly directly primary molding and secondary molding at a high pressure, and the third direct pressure by the operation of the lower cylinder, A plurality of anti-retraction rods 150 are mounted between the upper die 110 and the upper plate 110 of which upper ends thereof are fixedly mounted; A through hole is formed in the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200, and a cooling air pipe 160 connected to the air providing means is installed in the through hole; Fastening the fixing bolts 190 in two rows of eight places between the side holder 400 and the lower plate 140, and bolting the fixing bolts 190 of each row to be zigzag; Forming vent line grooves 200 for bleeding air in the inner surfaces of the upper mold 100 and the side mold 300 along the circumferential direction and the vertical length direction; The lower fork 120 of the side mold 300, the lower mold 200 and the lower knock-out cylinder 230 mounted to the center of the bottom surface of the lower mold 200 is fixedly mounted together ( 220) integrally provided, the upper surface of the integrated connection member 220 and the bottom surface of the lower mold 200, the forging device for reaction molding, characterized in that the overall contact. 2. The reaction of claim 1, wherein an iron plate 180 is further attached to a position between the rim 170 of the upper mold 100 and the cooling air pipe 160 to prevent excessive cooling of the rim 170. Forging device for high molding. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the head portion of the fixing bolt of the fork portion 120 connecting the side mold 300 and the lower mold 200 is selectively adopted in 16 ~ 20mm, the upper portion of the fork 120 And a thickness of the lower portion formed to be twice as thick as the left and right sides. The forging apparatus for reaction solidification according to claim 1, wherein the thickness t of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200 is 60 mm or more. The vent line groove 210 for releasing air from the molten metal on the inner surfaces of the upper mold 100 and the side mold 300 is formed in a circular cross section having a depth of 0.5 mm from the upper end of the rim to the center of the rim. Forging apparatus for reaction high molding characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein the forging for forming the reaction chamber, characterized in that the assembly member 240 is detachably connected between the lower surface of the side holder 400 and the upper surface of the lower plate 140 to enable the production of the same rim diameter Device. The inclination a of the side mold 300 and the side holder 400 may be freely changed from 10 degrees to 20 degrees in the vertical direction with the lower plate 140 formed at the bottom according to the size of the product. Forging apparatus for reaction high-moulding, characterized in that. The forging for reaction tank forming of claim 1, wherein the holding furnace (mold storage path) 500 disposed adjacent to the direct pressurized forging apparatus is connected in parallel so as to be slidably moved from side to side. Device. The method according to claim 1 or 8, wherein each of the holding furnace 500 is further equipped with a graphite rotor 250 for stirring the molten metal, and the ultrasonic generator 260 for spheroidizing the molten metal on the upper end of the holding furnace 500 Forging device for reaction high molding, characterized in that further mounted.