KR100413666B1 - the fertilizer fermentation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for composting organic matters such as food waste and sewage treatment plant, excess sludge, and nutrients. The use of sawdust and the like in organic matter solves the odor generated in the fermentation system and fermentation plant that can ferment without moisture control. Also relates to a compost fermentation plant facility that can facilitate food waste treatment facilities.

Description

Composting fermentation system {the fertilizer fermentation system}

The present invention provides an invention for producing food waste and various kinds of livestock and phosphorus as a mature, high-quality compost to prevent environmental pollution by the above-mentioned organic matter and to increase farm household income by producing organic products, as well as to prevent acidification of farmland In particular, it was developed to solve the problem of the residents' opposition to the construction of the food waste treatment plant and the choice of facility site in urban food waste treatment facilities.

Composting raw materials for producing organic compost include sorghum, phosphate, dewatering sludge from sewage treatment plant, and food waste. When fermentation is carried out, the moisture content is adjusted to 60-65%. It naturally heats and matures at 60 to 70 degrees. Looking at the water content of the organic matter, the water content is very high from 80 to 97%. Therefore, most of centrifugal separators and belt press dehydrators are used to reduce the moisture content, but the dehydrated moisture content is suitable for fermentation of around 75%. Therefore, the sawdust is diluted with moisture control to adjust the moisture content of about 65% possible fermentation. As a result, economic problems may arise due to the purchase of sawdust.

Looking at the conventional technology currently used in the bottom of the hopper was installed an oxygen supply pipe for blowing. Gravel the gravel layer to form a gravel layer so that air can be distributed in the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the pipe well, and cover the chaff with relatively good ventilation and slow fermentation on the gravel layer, and then accumulate organic matters such as the above-mentioned food waste and stir with a stirrer. Has been used to ferment by smoothing the oxygen supply.

This method has no problem at the beginning of the facility, but after the period of use, the fine composting material naturally penetrates the gravel layer and the buffalo layer with the leachate, causing the air holes perforated in the pipe to be blocked, and between the gravel and the rice husks. As a result, a problem arises that the oxygen supply is not smooth.

In addition, rice hulls also become fermented after more than one year, turning into fine composting particles, making air distribution impossible.

In order to solve such a problem in the existing technology, a soft plastic pipe was formed in the air hole perforated in the blower pipe as a nozzle to rise to the top of the chaff layer. The above configuration has the disadvantage that the hopper bottom surface of a large area should be installed tightly, and after a certain period of use, the hole of the nozzle will be clogged, and the leachate and fine organic particles penetrate between the gravel layer and solidify naturally. The organic layer becomes high, which causes a problem of clogging the hole of the nozzle.

In addition, in order to solve such a problem in the prior art, the hopper bottom is inclined to configure the leachate to flow to the outside, but the fine organic matter is accumulated, the drainage is blocked. In addition, fine organic particles penetrate into the gravel layer naturally, causing a problem of exchanging the gravel layer and the chaff layer once a year or two years.

In fact, the compost fermentation plant of Siheung City's food waste and manure composting facility installed in the sewage treatment plant in Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea is a 100-ton facility that processes 50 tons of food waste and 50 tons of manure daily. The gravel layer was used at 52m and the gravel layer used at 3m height was about 100 tons 40m 3 and the chaff layer was 320m 3. Even though there are no problems in the construction of many gravel and chaff layer, if you use it for up to 2 years, you need to lift out all the gravel and chaff layer and rebuild it. Removing the gravel by the air pipe is more than twice the cost of the facility cost and the problem that can not process food waste during the construction period.

In addition, the above-mentioned organic matters have a high water content, so that leachate is generated, and thus high water content causes a lot of complaints due to malodor, even though it is equipped with a problem and a deodorizing device for adding moisture control material such as sawdust. Due to this problem, residents are opposing the food waste treatment facility itself in the city.

The present invention is to produce a good compost production by solving the above problems and providing a good compost fermentation field.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the compost fermentation plant of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of the component of the present invention.

5 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of the parts used in the present invention.

<Symbols of the main parts of the drawings>

1. Hopper 1 '. 1 ". 1+. Sohopper 2. Drainage 3. Support 4. 4 '. 4". 4+ tubing

5.Top plate 5 '. Air tool 5 ". Separator 6. Bottom plate 7. Cover 8. Rail 9. Stirrer

9'.Stirring wing 10.Air vent 11.Distribution belt 11'.Distribution table 12.Valve

13. 13 'Conveyor 14. 14' Fountain 15. 15 '. 15 ". Transfer Conveyor

16. Dust removal device 17. Packing machine 18. Barrier wall 19. Dispersion conveyor

20. Conveyor 21. 22. Dryer 23. Conveyor 24. Blower

25. Deodorization Exit 26, 27. 28. Deodorization Floor 29. Fountain

All organic matters must be fermented for about 60 days to naturally ferment and reach maturity. In addition, organic matter is greatly reduced in volume by fermentation, and fertilizers fermented for 25 days or more can be fermented without a separate oxygen supply, so a post-bath may be separately installed. First of all, in order to help the understanding of the compost fermentation field of the present invention, the compost fermentation field is divided into four, and the natural phenomenon occurring in the compost fermentation is as shown in the drawings. In the fur 1 ', a large amount of leachate is generated, but when the moisture content is small, no leachate is generated. Most of the small popper (1 ') has a high moisture content, which causes the fermentation, but the last small hopper (1-) is rather lack of moisture, the opposite phenomenon occurs in the fermentation problem.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the leachate generated in the small hopper 1 'area corresponding to 1/4 to 1/6 of the total area of the compost fermentation plant into which food waste is introduced is easily discharged to the outside. The moisture content can be adjusted without adding a separate sawdust or moisture control agent. In addition, it is configured to facilitate the cleaning so that problems with the aeration system are not caused by leachate. Other small hopper (1+ 1-) floors were also easily cleaned as needed, and compost production was also possible during the cleaning period. In addition, it was configured to easily solve the problem of odor and to easily prepare a facility site in the city.

Looking at the configuration of the present invention to solve the above problems in detail as shown in Figure 1 or 2, the lower end of the inside of the large hopper (1) where the compost is fermented and configured an outlet (2), the bottom of both sides around the outlet Silver was inclined to the bottom so that the leachate flows well. Therefore, the support (3) was installed on the bottom, and the top plate (5) made of plastic or corrosion-resistant material was prefabricated with a small air hole through which air was evenly distributed on the support. In addition, between the bottom and the top plate, pipes having a different size for transporting air (4. 4 '. 4 ". 4+) are shown in FIG. 3, and the small hopper (1'. 1". 1+. 1-) were piped to allow the user to enter the desired amount of air.

The above pipe is to differentiate the air supply for each small hopper to prevent more than necessary drying and promote effective fermentation.

In addition, the top plate (5) is laid on the bottom plate (6) made of a material that is well-aired and not perishable, such as a scrubber, non-woven fabric or sponge made of chemical fibers or plastic, and covered with light sand or chaff on the bottom plate. (7) was formed. On the cover, the stirring blade 9 'of the stirrer was configured to rotate, and on the top of the stirrer, a conveyor 13 into which compost raw materials were put and a dispersion conveyor 19 to evenly disperse compost raw materials were configured. Directly below the dispersion conveyor was configured a drying device (21. 22) to lower the moisture content of the compost raw material.

In addition, after the fermentation process has already undergone the fermentation process in the rear end of the large hopper (1) to return the appropriate amount through the conveying conveyor (23) to properly dilute through the dispersion conveyor (19) to adjust the moisture content and aged compost The microorganisms present in further promoted fermentation.

In the upper part of the stirrer 9, a fountain (14. 14 ') was formed in case of lack of water content in immature compost, and the roof was replaced as a soil deodorization facility. The soil deodorization facility has a blower (24) for absorbing the odor to the deodorizing layer at the lower end and the blower constitutes a water-resistant blower, so that the air sucked through the blower to the deodorization layer to facilitate the air flow smoothly. Pebbles or coarse sand layers were formed in duplicate, and as a separate layer, a deodorizing layer was formed of special materials such as charcoal layer. At the top of the deodorizing layer, a deodorizing layer in which gravel and royal dust are diluted, where drainage is relatively smooth and deodorized air is well dispersed to the outside, is constituted. In addition, the upper portion corresponding to the ground was to operate the fountain 29 to create a suitable environment for the production of microorganisms and to create a park by planting grass and trees.

Or where there are no complaints, the walls and roofs are kept warm by using translucent or transparent glass and vinyl to use natural heat. In addition, a pipe of one side of the hopper constitutes an inevitable blower for composting fermentation, and a screen for removing the debris (16) consisting of a vibrating screen or a drum screen for separating the debris such as glass fragments in the fermentation is completed fermentation, and the screening of A packing machine 17 for packaging high quality compost was constructed.

Looking at the practical effect of the above-described configuration as shown in Figures 2 and 3 to configure the blocking wall 18 to block the air flow in the large hopper to the small hopper (1 '. 1 ". 1 +. 1-) Four or six equal parts of the pipe (4) for supplying the air is configured to be differential or single, so that the air inflow amount is supplied to each small hopper differently.

In addition, the upper plate 5 was configured on the upper end of the support. Looking at the configuration of the top plate, as shown in Figure 4 assembling the separation plate 5 "uniformly perforated with a small hole in a plastic-like material in an assembling form to separate the separation plate as needed. The top plate was covered with a bottom plate.The structure of the bottom plate was covered with a non-woven fabric such as a washing brush (nylon brush) for cleaning a bowl in the kitchen with artificial air that is well circulated, and a little on the bottom plate. A cover 7 of chaff layer or sand layer was formed.

Therefore, when looking at the configuration of the drying apparatus 21 22 configured at the lower end of the dispersion conveyor, a drying apparatus 21 such as a blower or a hot air blower and a dispersion conveyor and a drying apparatus 22 for dispersing free fall points of compost raw materials were configured.

In addition, the hopper (9) is installed on the top of the large hopper easily reciprocating and the moving device of the stirrer is installed on the upper end of the railway was configured to smoothly supply oxygen to the stacked compost. The stirrer was rotated at the top to cover the compost agitator wing of the battery type or escalator method to invert or compost the compost to make the oxygen supply evenly. When the above compost fermentation plant is installed on the ground, the hopper is installed underground to control the temperature at the top of the hopper where the compost is fermented. The temperature was solved naturally without using.

Looking at the detailed configuration of the present invention to underground the compost fermentation site and deodorizing the roof itself in the city center, the odor generated in the fermentation plant through a duct formed in the adjacent ceiling through the air blowing device to facilitate the odor suction (24) ) And the air passing through the soil deodorization system (26 27 28) layer prevented civil complaints by releasing clean air with odor and dust.

As another method of inhaling the odor into the soil deodorizing device, the air sucked through the pipe (4. 4 '. 4 ". 4+) of the oxygen supply line for fermentation and drying without using the duct or the blower described above. The soil deodorization device was constructed to be able to pass through the soil deodorization layer naturally by the pressure of the air. Prevented.

Looking at the composition of the existing soil deodorization system, the compost fermentation plant and the soil deodorization unit is far away or the ground odor generated from the compost fermentation plant must be transferred to the basement where the soil deodorization facility is installed by using a high pressure blower through the duct. And high operating costs, as well as noise pollution occurs.

The soil deodorizing device connected to the grounded compost fermentation site of the present invention as described above may solve the complaints caused by odors in the city center and use the ground which is used as the ground as a park.

Looking at the practical effect of the top plate (5) of the compost fermentation device of the present invention once again solved all the problems according to the gravel layer in the configuration instead of the existing gravel layer and at the same time when composting the organic matter that leachate occurs a lot, Problems that occur can be solved simply.

The top plate of the present invention was assembled as a press block to a certain standard, so that the top plate (5) was made so as to open the necessary place as a manhole cover to clean the bottom. In addition, if the pipe is divided into four equal parts into the small hoppers 1 'to 1- by using the space of the support 4 having a constant height, the diameter of the pipe 4 for supplying air is different. In the case of using the same size pipe or the configuration, the number of pipes or the amount of air to adjust the air inlet by the number of air holes in one pipe, each of the pipes was configured a valve 12 for adjusting the air flow rate. When explaining the practical effect of the pipe described above, a large amount of air is required to prevent leachate at the point where the raw material falls, and a large amount of oxygen is required by generating and splitting microorganisms according to the oxygen supply. However, in the final stage, the process of stopping microbial activity does not require a large amount of oxygen.

If the above pipe configuration is described again, for example, if 100 mm pipe 4 is used at the dropping point, the pipe 4 'in the middle stage is composed of 50 mm of pipe 4' 'at the rear end of 70 mm or a large number of 10 mm pipes. It is possible to adjust the inflow of the air and to easily control or block the amount of air blown by the valve 12 configured in each of the pipes. This can be done by constructing a single pipe and drilling a plurality of vents 10 into the pipes so that an appropriate amount of air can be supplied to each small hopper. Because.

When explaining the practical effect of the above-described configuration, organic matters such as high hydration and food waste are anaerobic in a short time when air circulation is not possible, so that odor and leachate due to decay are generated a lot. In order to solve such a problem, the amount of ventilation and oxygen supply to the fermentation material is very important, and the configuration of the pipe of the present invention can supply air more effectively than the configuration of the pipe and the formation of gravel, such as a conventional heating facility. Excessive leachate or fine organic particles do not have to worry about clogging the vent. The material used as the upper plate (5) is currently available in a variety of types, such as for building materials or civil engineering landslide prevention can be installed at a very low price.

In addition, the bottom plate 6 formed on the top plate was laid with a nonwoven fabric or sponge made of plastic or chemical fiber of a non-corrosive material, which is well-circulated with air, and covered a cover 7 composed of a royal layer thereon. Looking at the practical effect of the above configuration, it is possible to supply oxygen more evenly than the oxygen supply method to supply through the existing pipe, it is possible to regulate the oxygen supply for each small hopper efficiently promote fermentation and at the same time prevent leachate. In addition, the problem that the gravel layer and chaff layer must be exchanged once a year or two, which is the biggest problem in the existing fermentation device.

When the leachate and fine organic particles in the compost fermentation apparatus of the present invention is a problem that clogged air holes in the cover (7) or the bottom plate (6), it is possible to reuse the part simply by replacing or lifting the bottom plate on the top plate. The sand layer needs to be reconstructed so that it is much simpler than the problem of exchanging the existing gravel and chaff layers.

In addition, if you look at the process of composting existing food waste or animal waste, if the food waste is 100㎥ for moisture control, sawdust also diluted 100㎥ to control the moisture of the compost raw material. This method also follows the economical problem of purchasing sawdust, but more than 85% of the raw material of the compost is a fiber has a problem of low quality compost after the fermentation components are very low in nitrogen and phosphorus. In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a conveying conveyor 23 for transporting the compost dried at the end of the small hopper (1-) to the dispersion conveyor 19 was configured. According to the moisture content and the input amount of the compost raw material transferred to the conveyor 13 to the compost fermentation plant large hopper (1), when the compost dried at the rear end of the large hopper is returned to the dispersion conveyor, it is automatically diluted to solve the problem of moisture content. It can be solved simply. Looking at the configuration of the dispersion bearing 19 as a device for preventing the raw material accumulation in any one of the small hopper (1 ') Looking at the configuration, the raw material conveying conveyor (13) and the conveying conveyor (23) for the fermentation When the dried compost falling from the same as the configuration shown in Figure 5 at the same time to the position of one side of the distribution belt 11 dispersing table 11 'to prevent the raw material is transferred and transported by the distribution belt 11 rotation The raw material is dispersed and falls by the length of. Therefore, it is possible to economically and efficiently solve the problems caused by the problem of high moisture content by automatically mixing with the dried compost and the high moisture content material is dropped onto the cover (7) and stirred by the stirring blade (9 '). .

The present invention improves the problems of the fermentation apparatus using the gravel layer and chaff layer in the past to produce high-quality compost by fermenting microbial sludge or flotation sludge generated in sewage terminal treatment plant as well as high moisture content or food waste. By contributing to the production of organic products at the same time it is determined to solve the environmental pollution problem caused by the material.

Especially, it is an innovative invention to solve environmental problems of food waste in the city.

Claims (4)

A large hopper 1 for fermenting an organic substance; A small hopper (1 '. 1 ". 1+. 1-) which is divided into the above-mentioned large hoppers; a pipe for introducing air into each of the small hoppers; and a plurality of air holes at the upper end of the pipe; A top plate 5 composed of '); A bottom plate 6 through which air flows; A cover 7 for supplying oxygen to the compost at the top of the bottom plate; The top cover is configured to rotate the stirring blade (9 ') of the stirrer (9); A dispersion conveyor 19 on one side of the small hopper 1 '; Conveyor (13) for transporting the raw material to one side of the dispersion conveyor and: the compost fermentation device, characterized in that the hopper ceiling and the ground consists of a soil deodorization layer (26. 27. 28). A large hopper 1 for fermenting an organic substance; A configuration of a small hopper (1 '. 1 ". 1+. 1-) which is divided into the above-mentioned large hoppers; a pipe (4.4'. 4" 4+) for introducing air into each of the small hoppers; ; An upper plate 5 having a plurality of air holes 5 'formed at the upper end of the pipe; A bottom plate 6 through which air flows; Compost fermentation device characterized in that the top of the bottom plate is configured of a cover (7) for supplying oxygen to the compost. The method of claim 1 A large hopper (1) for fermenting the organic materials; Compost fermentation device, characterized in that the large hopper roof is composed of a soil deodorization layer (26. 27. 28). The method of claim 1 Raw material of the compost transferred to the conveyor (13); A compost fermentation device characterized in that the dried compost transferred to the conveying conveyor (23) at the rear end of the large hopper is mixed through the dispersion conveyor (19).